Progress in lipid research最新文献

{"title":"Organelles coordinate milk production and secretion during lactation: Insights into mammary pathologies","authors":"Wenting Dai ,&nbsp;Robin White ,&nbsp;Jianxin Liu ,&nbsp;Hongyun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The mammary gland undergoes a spectacular series of changes during its development and maintains a remarkable capacity to remodel and regenerate during progression through the lactation cycle. This flexibility of the mammary gland requires coordination of multiple processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, regeneration, stress response, immune activity, and metabolic changes under the control of diverse cellular and hormonal </span>signaling pathways<span><span><span><span>. The lactating mammary epithelium orchestrates synthesis and apical secretion of macromolecules including </span>milk lipids, </span>milk proteins, and lactose as well as other minor nutrients that constitute milk. Knowledge about the subcellular compartmentalization of these metabolic and signaling events, as they relate to milk production and secretion during lactation, is expanding. Here we review how major organelles (endoplasmic reticulum, </span>Golgi apparatus, mitochondrion, </span></span>lysosome, and exosome) within mammary epithelial cells collaborate to initiate, mediate, and maintain lactation, and how study of these organelles provides insight into options to maintain mammary/breast health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 101159"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48110669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research","authors":"Kathrin M. Engel ,&nbsp;Patricia Prabutzki ,&nbsp;Jenny Leopold ,&nbsp;Ariane Nimptsch ,&nbsp;Katharina Lemmnitzer ,&nbsp;D.R. Naomi Vos ,&nbsp;Carsten Hopf ,&nbsp;Jürgen Schiller","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an indispensable tool in modern lipid research since it is fast, sensitive, tolerates sample impurities and provides spectra without major analyte fragmentation.</p><p>We will discuss some methodological aspects, the related ion-forming processes and the MALDI MS characteristics of the different lipid classes (with the focus on glycerophospholipids) and the progress, which was achieved during the last ten years. Particular attention will be given to quantitative aspects of MALDI MS since this is widely considered as the most serious drawback of the method. Although the detailed role of the matrix is not yet completely understood, it will be explicitly shown that the careful choice of the matrix is crucial (besides the careful evaluation of the positive and negative ion mass spectra) in order to be able to detect all lipid classes of interest.</p><p>Two developments will be highlighted: spatially resolved Imaging MS is nowadays well established and the distribution of lipids in tissues merits increasing interest because lipids are readily detectable and represent ubiquitous compounds. It will also be shown that a combination of MALDI MS with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enables a fast spatially resolved screening of an entire TLC plate which makes the method competitive with LC/MS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 101145"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39794108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional roles of non-bilayer lipid phases of chloroplast thylakoid membranes and mitochondrial inner membranes","authors":"Győző Garab ,&nbsp;Lev S. Yaguzhinsky ,&nbsp;Ondřej Dlouhý ,&nbsp;Semen V. Nesterov ,&nbsp;Vladimír Špunda ,&nbsp;Edward S. Gasanoff","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ‘standard’ fluid-mosaic membrane model can provide a framework for the operation of the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport systems, the generation of the proton motive force (pmf) and its utilization for ATP synthesis according to the chemiosmotic theory. However, this model, with the bilayer organization of all lipid molecules, assigns no function to non-bilayer lipids – while in recent years it became clear that the two fundamental energy transducing membranes of the biosphere, chloroplast thylakoid membranes (TMs) and inner mitochondrial membranes (IMMs), contain large amounts of non-bilayer (non-lamellar) lipid phases.</p><p>In this review, we summarize our understanding on the role of non-lamellar phases in TMs and IMMs: (i) We propose that for these membrane vesicles the dynamic exchange model (DEM) provides a more suitable framework than the ‘standard’ model; DEM complements the ‘standard’ model by assuming the co-existence of bilayer and non-bilayer phases and their interactions, which contribute to the structural dynamics of the membrane systems and safe-guard the membranes’ high protein:lipid ratios. (ii) Non-bilayer phases play pivotal roles in membrane fusion and intermembrane lipid exchanges – essential processes in the self-assembly of these highly folded intricate membranes. (iii) The photoprotective, lipocalin-like lumenal enzyme, violaxanthin de-epoxidase, in its active state requires the presence of non-bilayer lipid phase. (iv) Cardiotoxins, water-soluble polypeptides, induce non-bilayer phases in mitochondria. (v) ATP synthesis, in mammalian heart IMMs, is positively correlated with the amount of non-bilayer packed lipids with restricted mobility. (vi) The hypothesized sub-compartments, due to non-lamellar phases, are proposed to enhance the utilization of pmf and might contribute to the recently documented functional independence of individual cristae within the same mitochondrion. Further research is needed to identify and characterize the structural entities associated with the observed non-bilayer phases; and albeit fundamental questions remain to be elucidated, non-lamellar lipid phases should be considered on a par with the bilayer phase, with which they co-exist in functional TMs and IMMs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 101163"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163782722000182/pdfft?md5=82ff4196621d9178dbad158f1ba5b77d&pid=1-s2.0-S0163782722000182-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41827456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between plant lipid-binding proteins and their ligands","authors":"Ze-Hua Guo,&nbsp;Shiu-Cheung Lung,&nbsp;Mohd Fadhli Hamdan,&nbsp;Mee-Len Chye","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Lipids participate in diverse biological functions including </span>signal transduction, cellular membrane biogenesis and carbon storage. Following </span><em>de novo</em><span> biosynthesis<span><span> in the plastids, fatty acids (FAs) are transported as acyl-CoA esters to the endoplasmic reticulum where glycerol-3-phosphate undergoes a series of acyl-CoA-dependent </span>acylation </span></span><em>via</em><span> the Kennedy pathway to form triacylglycerols<span> for subsequent assembly into oils. Alternatively, newly synthesized FAs are incorporated into phosphatidylcholine<span> (PC) by a PC:acyl-CoA exchange process defined as “acyl editing”. Acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) at various subcellular locations can function in lipid transfer by binding and transporting acyl-CoA esters and maintaining intracellular acyl-CoA pools. Widely distributed in the plant kingdom, ACBPs are found in all eukaryotes and some eubacteria. In both rice and Arabidopsis<span><span><span>, six forms of ACBPs co-exist and are classified into four groups based on their functional domains. Their conserved four-helix structure facilitates interaction with acyl-CoA esters. ACBPs also interact with phospholipids as well as protein partners and function in </span>seed oil regulation, development, pathogen defense and stress responses. Besides the ACBPs, other proteins such as the lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), </span>annexins and lipid droplet-associated proteins are also important lipid-binding proteins. While annexins bind Ca</span></span></span></span>²⁺<span> and phospholipids, LTPs transport lipid molecules including FAs, acyl-CoA esters and phospholipids.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39849303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desaturases and elongases involved in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in aquatic animals: From genes to functions","authors":"Ó. Monroig ,&nbsp;A.C. Shu-Chien ,&nbsp;N. Kabeya ,&nbsp;D.R. Tocher ,&nbsp;L.F.C. Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine ecosystems are rich in “omega-3” long-chain (C_20-24) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). Their production has been historically accepted to derive mostly from marine microbes. This long-standing dogma has been challenged recently by the discovery that numerous invertebrates, mostly with an aquatic life-style, have the enzyme machinery necessary for the de novo biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and, from them, LC-PUFA. The key breakthrough was the detection in these animals of enzymes called “methyl-end desaturases” enabling PUFA de novo biosynthesis. Moreover, other enzymes with pivotal roles in LC-PUFA biosynthesis, including front-end desaturases and elongation of very long- chain fatty acids proteins, have been characterised in several non-vertebrate animal phyla. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the complement and functions of these gene/protein families in aquatic animals, particularly invertebrates and fish. Therefore, we expand and re-define our previous revision of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic enzymes present in chordates to animals as a whole, discussing how key genomic events have determined the diversity and distribution of desaturase and elongase genes in different taxa. We conclude that both invertebrates and fish display active, but markedly different, LC-PUFA biosynthetic gene networks that result from a complex evolutionary path combined with functional diversification and plasticity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 101157"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163782722000121/pdfft?md5=82fbfb7104670ef251d3349771139be2&pid=1-s2.0-S0163782722000121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39740633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant monounsaturated fatty acids: Diversity, biosynthesis, functions and uses","authors":"Sami Kazaz ,&nbsp;Romane Miray ,&nbsp;Loïc Lepiniec,&nbsp;Sébastien Baud","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Monounsaturated fatty acids are straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acids comprising a unique carbon‑carbon double bond, also termed unsaturation. More than 50 distinct molecular structures have been described in the plant kingdom, and more remain to be discovered. The evolution of land plants has apparently resulted in the </span>convergent evolution<span><span> of non-homologous enzymes catalyzing the </span>dehydrogenation<span><span> of saturated acyl chain substrates in a chemo-, regio- and stereoselective manner. Contrasted enzymatic characteristics and different subcellular localizations of these desaturases account for the diversity of existing fatty acid structures. Interestingly, the location and geometrical configuration of the unsaturation confer specific characteristics to these molecules found in a variety of membrane, storage, and surface lipids. An ongoing research effort aimed at exploring the links existing between fatty acid structures and their biological functions has already unraveled the importance of several monounsaturated fatty acids in various physiological and developmental contexts. What is more, the monounsaturated acyl chains found in the oils of seeds and fruits are widely and increasingly used in the </span>food and chemical industries due to the physicochemical properties inherent in their structures. Breeders and plant biotechnologists therefore develop new crops with high monounsaturated contents for various agro-industrial purposes.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101138"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39874757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary lipids from body to brain","authors":"Custers,&nbsp;E.M. Emma,&nbsp;Kiliaan,&nbsp;J. Amanda","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dietary habits have drastically changed over the last decades in Western societies. The Western diet, rich in saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans fatty acids (TFA), omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) and cholesterol, is accepted as an important factor in the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity and diabetes type 2. Alongside these diseases, nutrition is associated with the prevalence of brain disorders. Although clinical and epidemiological studies revealed that metabolic diseases and brain disorders might be related, the underlying pathology is multifactorial, making it hard to determine causal links. Neuroinflammation can be a result of unhealthy diets that may cause alterations in peripheral metabolism. Especially, dietary fatty acids are of interest, as they act as signalling molecules responsible for inflammatory processes. Diets rich in n-6 PUFA, SFA and TFA increase neuroinflammation, whereas diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), omega-3 (n-3) PUFA and sphingolipids (SL) can diminish neuroinflammation. Moreover, these pro- and anti-inflammatory diets might indirectly influence neuroinflammation via the adipose tissue, microbiome, intestine and vasculature. Here, we review the impact of nutrition on brain health. In particular, we will discuss the role of dietary lipids in signalling pathways directly applicable to inflammation and neuronal function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101144"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163782721000606/pdfft?md5=50f371f180d9672ee8a22c8cff3bc286&pid=1-s2.0-S0163782721000606-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39843662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hello from the other side: Membrane contact of lipid droplets with other organelles and subsequent functional implications","authors":"Rebekah Rakotonirina-Ricquebourg ,&nbsp;Vítor Costa ,&nbsp;Vitor Teixeira","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous organelles that play crucial roles in response to physiological and environmental cues. The identification of several </span>neutral lipid<span><span><span> synthesizing and regulatory protein complexes have propelled significant advance on the mechanisms of LD biogenesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Increasing evidence suggests that distinct proteins and regulatory factors, which localize to membrane contact sites (MCS), are involved not only in interorganellar </span>lipid<span> exchange and transport, but also function in other important cellular processes, including autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics<span> and inheritance, ion signaling and inter-regulation of these MCS. More and more tethers and molecular determinants are associated to MCS and to a diversity of cellular and pathophysiological processes, demonstrating the dynamics and importance of these junctions in health and disease. The conjugation of lipids with proteins in supramolecular complexes is known to be paramount for many biological processes, namely membrane </span></span></span>biosynthesis<span>, cell homeostasis, regulation of organelle division and biogenesis, and cell growth. Ultimately, this physical organization allows the contact sites to function as crucial metabolic hubs that control the occurrence of chemical reactions. This leads to biochemical and metabolite compartmentalization for the purposes of energetic efficiency and cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will focus on the structural and functional aspects of LD-organelle interactions and how they ensure signaling exchange and metabolites transfer between organelles.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101141"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39745863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Too complex to fail? Targeting fatty acid metabolism for cancer therapy","authors":"Rimsha Munir ,&nbsp;Jan Lisec ,&nbsp;Johannes V. Swinnen ,&nbsp;Nousheen Zaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the central role of fatty acids in cancer pathophysiology, the exploitation of fatty acid metabolism as a potential antineoplastic therapy has gained much attention. Several natural and synthetic compounds targeting fatty acid metabolism were hitherto identified, and their effectiveness against cancer cell proliferation<span><span> and survival was determined. This review will discuss the most clinically viable inhibitors or drugs targeting various proteins or </span>enzymes mapped on nine interconnected fatty acid metabolism-related processes. We will discuss the general significance of each of these processes and the effects of their inhibition on cancer cell progression. Moreover, their mechanisms of action, limitations, and future perspectives will be assessed.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101143"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39953409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the myristoylome through a complete understanding of protein myristoylation biochemistry","authors":"Carmela Giglione,&nbsp;Thierry Meinnel","doi":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Protein myristoylation is a C14 fatty acid modification found in all living organisms. Myristoylation tags either the N-terminal alpha groups of cysteine or glycine residues through amide bonds or lysine and cysteine side chains directly or indirectly </span><em>via</em><span><span> glycerol thioester and ester linkages. Before transfer to proteins, myristate must be activated into myristoyl </span>coenzyme A<span> in eukaryotes or, in bacteria, to derivatives like phosphatidylethanolamine. Myristate originates through </span></span><em>de novo</em><span> biosynthesis (</span><em>e.g.</em>, plants), from external uptake (<em>e.g.</em>, human tissues), or from mixed origins (<em>e.g.</em>, unicellular organisms). Myristate usually serves as a molecular anchor, allowing tagged proteins to be targeted to membranes and travel across endomembrane networks in eukaryotes. In this review, we describe and discuss the metabolic origins of protein-bound myristate. We review strategies for <em>in vivo</em><span> protein labeling that take advantage of click-chemistry with reactive analogs, and we discuss new approaches to the proteome-wide discovery of myristate-containing proteins. The machineries of myristoylation are described, along with how protein targets can be generated directly from translating precursors or from processed proteins. Few myristoylation catalysts are currently described, with only N-myristoyltransferase described to date in eukaryotes. Finally, we describe how viruses and bacteria hijack and exploit myristoylation for their pathogenicity.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20650,"journal":{"name":"Progress in lipid research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101139"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39745864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}