Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Metabolizable energy and amino acid-deficient diets supplemented with β-mannanase in response to growth performance, intestinal health, and immune response in broilers","authors":"Myunghwan Yu ,&nbsp;Elijah Ogola Oketch ,&nbsp;Shan Randima Nawarathne ,&nbsp;Nuwan Chamara Chathuranga ,&nbsp;Venuste Maniraguha ,&nbsp;Bernadette Gerpacio Sta. Cruz ,&nbsp;Eunsoo Seo ,&nbsp;Jeseok Lee ,&nbsp;Haeeun Park ,&nbsp;Hyunji Choi ,&nbsp;Young-Joo Yi ,&nbsp;Kyeong Su Chae ,&nbsp;Joosung Yu ,&nbsp;Jung Min Heo","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of β-mannanase in energy and amino acid-deficient broiler diets on the growth performance, carcass yields, ileal nutrient digestibility, viscosity, intestinal morphology, and blood metabolites of broilers from hatch to day 35. A total of 168 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments in a completely randomized design, with each treatment having eight replicates and seven birds per cage. The treatments were as follows: i) positive control diet (<strong>PC</strong>) containing standard energy and amino acids; ii) negative control (<strong>NC</strong>) with 150 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (<strong>ME</strong>) and 4.5 % amino acids reduction compared to PC; iii) NC supplemented with 100 g/ton β-mannanase (NC + β-mannanase). Broilers fed the PC and NC + β-mannanase diets showed improved growth performance, including body weight on day 35 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), average daily gain (Day 1-35; <em>P</em> = 0.001), and feed efficiency (Day 1-35; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), alongside lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) digesta viscosity and enhanced ileal digestibility of dry matter (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), crude protein (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and energy (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), as well as an improved (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) villus height to crypt depth ratio, compared to those on the NC diet. Regarding carcass traits, liver yield was higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) in broilers on the NC + β-mannanase diet compared to other treatments by day 35. Additionally, the NC + β-mannanase diet lowered (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) IL-1β and IFN-γ levels and increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) IL-10 levels compared to the other groups. In conclusion, β-mannanase supplementation with 100 g/MT β-mannanase in nutrient-deficient diets improved broiler performance by reducing intestinal viscosity and enhancing nutrient utilization efficiency. It also promoted the development of metabolic organs like the liver, as well as immune organs such as the spleen and thymus, while modulating inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Research note: Genetic basis of the naked-neck trait in ake chickens revealed by whole-genome sequencing” [Poultry Science, Volume 104, Issue 4, April 2025, 104934]","authors":"Ronglang Cai ,&nbsp;Zhongtao Yin ,&nbsp;Shuang Gu ,&nbsp;Xuemei Deng ,&nbsp;Hesham Y.A. Darwish ,&nbsp;Congjiao Sun ,&nbsp;Ning Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research note: Complex evaluation of whole oats and dehulled oats as feedstuffs for broiler chickens","authors":"Nikoletta Such ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ali Rawash ,&nbsp;Valéria Farkas ,&nbsp;Judit Poór ,&nbsp;Kesete Goitom Tewelde ,&nbsp;László Pál ,&nbsp;Gábor Csitári ,&nbsp;László Wágner ,&nbsp;Eszter Péterné Farkas ,&nbsp;Károly Dublecz","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to gain a better understanding of how the structural and viscous fibers of oats can affect the performance, some selected blood interleukins, short chain fatty acid content and microbiota composition of the ceca of broiler chickens. A floor pen trial was carried out with 576 Ross 308 broiler cockerels. Aside from a corn–soybean-based control diet <strong>(C)</strong>, the two other treatments contained either 10, 10 and 20 % whole oats <strong>(WO)</strong> or dehulled oats <strong>(DO)</strong> in the starter, grower and finisher phases respectively. The diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous, differing only in their structural and soluble fiber and fat content. DO diets resulted in significantly higher weight gain compared with the two other treatments. The best feed conversion ratio <strong>(FCR)</strong> was also measured in the DO treatment group. The higher fiber content of WO diets did not compromise the production traits in comparison with the control diet. DO treatment resulted in increased interleukin-1beta <strong>(IL-1β)</strong>, whereas WO decreased interleukin-8 <strong>(IL-8)</strong> concentration of the blood serum at day 39. Both oat treatments reduced the abundance of lactic acid-producing genera, the acetate, butyrate and the total short chain fatty acid <strong>(SCFA)</strong> content in the ceca.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidomics reveals lipid changes in the hepatic during the late chick embryonic development","authors":"Huimei Wang ,&nbsp;Yinlong Wang ,&nbsp;Jiongyan Liu ,&nbsp;Jinfang Wu ,&nbsp;Qihang Hou ,&nbsp;Zhouzheng Ren ,&nbsp;Yanli Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The liver undergoes significant metabolic changes during the late stage of chick embryonic development, particularly in lipid metabolism. Lipids are critical energy sources and structural components for the growth and development of chicken embryos. However, the dynamic changes in hepatic lipid composition during this critical developmental window remain unclear. To investigate the lipid composition changes and underlying mechanisms, we conducted a study on chick embryonic livers at two key developmental time points (E14 and D1). The results showed that the liver in the D1 group exhibited greater lipid droplet accumulation compared to the E14 group. Biochemical analysis revealed significantly elevated levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the liver of the D1 group relative to the E14 group. Furthermore, we performed lipidomics analysis and identified 2274 lipid species in chicken liver, which were predominantly composed of glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids. Score plots of principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed distinct lipid profiles between the E14 and D1 groups, suggesting potential remodeling of liver lipid composition and metabolism during the late stage of chick embryonic development. Meanwhile, a total of 105 differentially abundant lipid species were identified, with 91 significantly upregulated and 14 significantly downregulated in the D1 group compared to the E14 group. Pathway analysis revealed the enrichment of the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway, which comprises 37 differentially abundant lipids that may play crucial roles in the growth and development of chick embryos during late stages. In summary, this study characterized the liver lipid profile and explored the changes in lipid composition and species of the developing liver, with the aim of identifying the nutritional requirements of chicken embryos in the late stages of development. These findings could be utilized for improving chick quality and broiler performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection by a latex agglutination test in turkeys","authors":"Sedigheh Yousefinejad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khosravi ,&nbsp;Darioush Gharibi ,&nbsp;Mansour Mayahi ,&nbsp;Masoud Reza Seyfi Abad Shapouri","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale</em> (ORT) is a gram-negative pathogen recognized as one of the causative agents of respiratory diseases in chickens and turkeys. This study aimed to design and evaluate the diagnostic validity of the latex agglutination test for ORT detection. A Western blot test was conducted to assess the various serotypes present in the bacterial isolates, as well as the immunogenicity of their lipopolysaccharide. Following the design and optimization of the ELISA and latex agglutination tests using prepared mixed cell membrane antigens from the different isolates, a serological evaluation of the infection was performed on a total of 244 turkey serum samples, both with and without respiratory symptoms.</div><div>The protein profiles of the isolated ORT samples revealed equal expression of proteins with molecular weights of 75 kDa and 100 kDa. The collected sera exhibited common antibodies that reacted with antigens weighing 48 kDa, 75 kDa and 100 kDa in Western blot analysis. The sensitivity, specificity and similarity of the latex agglutination test, in comparison to ELISA, were 87.94, 90.29 and 88.93 %, respectively. The developed latex agglutination test resulted in a positive reaction at the presence of a minimum antibody concentration equal to 308.63 μg/mL. The results indicate that the latex agglutination test is effective for the rapid diagnosis and control of <em>Ornithobacterium</em> infection in turkeys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological prevalence and genomic characterization of Salmonella isolated from selected poultry farms in Jiangxi province, China","authors":"Xiaowu Jiang ,&nbsp;Abubakar Siddique ,&nbsp;Lexin Zhu ,&nbsp;Lin Teng ,&nbsp;Sajid Umar ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Min Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-typhoidal <em>Salmonella</em> (NTS), particularly antimicrobial-resistant serovars, remains the major source of foodborne bacterial illnesses. Raw chicken is the leading cause of human salmonellosis. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and genomic features of 143/1,800 (7.94%) <em>Salmonella</em> strains isolated from poultry farms in five major regions of Jiangxi province, China, between 2022 and 2023 using Whole genome sequencing (WGS). Among <em>Salmonella</em> isolates, the most common serovars were Infantis (ST32) and Enteritidis (ST11). Resistance to amoxicillin and tetracycline was the most prevalent, with 60.84% of <em>Salmonella</em> isolates exhibiting a multi-drug resistance (MDR) pattern. The detection of antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARGs) examined was aligned with the resistant phenotypes found. A total of 61 ARGs were identified, with <em>aph(</em>3<em>′)-Ia, qnrS1, aph(</em>3<em>′')-Ib</em>, and <em>tetA</em> being the prominent ARGs. Furthermore, 24 beta-lactam genes were also identified, including <em>bla</em>_TEM<em>, bla</em>_SHV<em>, and bla</em>_CTX-M. The number of ARGs and the distribution of serovars varied according to the year, farms, and cities. <em>Salmonella</em> isolates carried 13 heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) and two biocide resistance genes, with <em>pcoS</em> being the most prevalent. A total of 145 virulence genes and 19 plasmids were found, with serovars Infantis and Enteritidis having the most virulence genes. The high occurrence of MDR <em>Salmonella</em> in this study, particularly carrying numerous mobile genetic elements (MGEs), posed a serious threat to food safety and public health, emphasizing the need to improve poultry farm hygiene to decrease contamination and transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary resistant starch protects against post-antibiotic intestinal damage by restoring microbial homeostasis and preserving intestinal barrier function in meat duck","authors":"Simeng Qin ,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Gang Tian ,&nbsp;Martin Blomberg Jensen ,&nbsp;Keying Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuemei Ding ,&nbsp;Shiping Bai ,&nbsp;Jianping Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Xuan ,&nbsp;Qiufeng Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resistant starch (<strong>RS</strong>) is recognized as a nutritional strategy that supports gut and overall host health by modulating gut microbiota. To directly assess the effects of RS on gut microbiota and its role in improving intestinal barrier function in meat ducks, this study first established an antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis model, which was characterized by reduced gut microbial diversity, intestinal dysfunction, and an inflammatory outburst following antibiotic exposure. Whereafter, in addition to the control group, ducks treated with antibiotics for 7 consecutive days were further allocated to two groups and fed the basal diet and RS diet that derived from 12 % raw potato starch until 21 d. The results demonstrated that dietary RS supplementation reversed the antibiotic-induced reduction in microbial diversity and restored the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Additionally, RS inclusion enriched beneficial bacterial genera, including <em>Coprobacter, Odoribacter</em>, and <em>Faecalibacterium</em> (LDA score &gt; 3). Post-antibiotic intervention led to a reduction in villus density and muscular thickness, accompanied by a significant downregulation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) of <em>zonula occludens-1</em> and <em>mucin-2</em> expression, along with increased serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, dietary RS supplementation significantly enhanced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the expression of <em>glucagon-like peptide receptor</em> and the anti-apoptotic factor <em>Bcl-2</em>, while suppressing caspase transcription. This resulted in increased villus height and muscular thickness in the ileum (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, RS intervention remarkably reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, particularly interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, in both the ileum and serum. These effects were likely linked to alterations in cecal microbiota, including increased abundances of <em>Barnesiella, Ruminiclostridium 9, Megamonas, Faecalitalea, Adlercreutzia, Coprobacter</em> and <em>Collinsella</em>. In conclusion, dietary RS supplementation mitigated antibiotic-induced cecal microbial dysbiosis and restored intestinal structure by promoting enterocyte proliferation and reducing apoptosis. Consequently, RS supplementation helped alleviate systemic inflammation in meat ducks following antibiotic treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of applying Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-derived solid state fermentation products into the hatch cabinet environment as a method to mitigate the microbial bloom during the hatching phase","authors":"Mitchell C. Rowland,&nbsp;Lucas E. Graham,&nbsp;Callie Selby,&nbsp;Aaron J. Forga,&nbsp;Billy M. Hargis,&nbsp;Christine N. Vuong,&nbsp;Danielle Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formaldehyde has been used to control microbial contamination in commercial hatch cabinets. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of spray application of <em>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</em> solid state fermentation products on the microbial load in the hatch cabinet, pioneer colonization of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and early performance compared to formaldehyde fumigation. An environmental challenge model was used to simulate the microbial bloom to compare the application of two <em>B. amyloliquefaciens</em> strains (MCR002, MCR009) to formaldehyde fumigation. Groups included 1) non-challenged control (NC), 2) challenged with pathogen mix (PM) containing <em>Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis,</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> at DOE19, 3) PM + formaldehyde treated (PM+<em>F</em>), 4) PM + MCR002 (PM+MCR002), 5) PM + MCR009 (PM+MCR009), and 6) PM+MCR002+MCR009 (PM+Combo). All groups were evaluated in trial 1-3 except PM+Combo. Air samples were collected from the hatch cabinet environment on d20 of embryogenesis (DOE20) at ∼20, 50, 80 % hatch, and immediately prior to hatch pull at DOE21. GIT samples were collected for enumeration of relevant enteric bacteria at hatch (d0). Pen and feed weights were recorded at d0 and d7 for trial 1 and 2 and at d14 for trial 2 to assess BWG and FCR. In summary, there was a significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) reduction in gram-negative bacterial recovery from the GIT for PM+<em>F</em>, PM+MCR002, and PM+MCR009 compared to PM while the two <em>B. amyloliquefaciens</em> treatments were similar to PM+<em>F</em>. Gram-negative bacteria and <em>Enterococcus</em> recovery from hatch cabinet air samples were significantly reduced in PM+<em>F</em> and PM+MCR002 compared to PM. No significant differences in performance were observed. Spray application of MCR002 or MCR009 alone shifted the microbial load in the hatch cabinet and in the GIT of chicks similar to PM + <em>F</em> without negatively affecting performance at d7 or 14. However, MCR002 was more effective. This suggests that MCR002 could be used to mitigate the microbial bloom during the hatching phase without impacting chick performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal differential metabolite tryptophan from avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)-resistant and susceptible chickens alleviates APEC symptoms in chickens","authors":"Wanli Li ,&nbsp;Lin Yuan ,&nbsp;Wei Jin ,&nbsp;Bingxun Wang ,&nbsp;Guoxi Li ,&nbsp;Shengli Li ,&nbsp;Xiangtao Kang ,&nbsp;Wenqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To identify an effective antibiotic to combat avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (APEC), differential metabolites in the intestines of APEC-resistant and susceptible chickens were investigates. The effect of supplementing the diet of APEC-challenged chickens with the differential metabolite tryptophan was investigated. Tryptophan was identified as an important differential gut metabolite (APEC-resistant and susceptible chickens) using tryptophan-targeted metabolism detection. A total of 120 one-day-old chickens were divided into four groups: with and without 0.1 % tryptophan supplementation in the basal diet with and without APEC challenge. The APEC challenge test was conducted after an adaptation period of 8 days. The infection lasted 7 days, during which dead chickens were subjected to pathological autopsy, and the mortality rate was recorded. All chickens were slaughtered at the end of the infection test to calculate morbidity. Dietary supplementation with tryptophan did not significantly affect mortality in APEC-challenged chickens (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) but significantly reduced their morbidity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Dietary tryptophan supplementation reversed the elevated splenic gene expression of <em>IL-6, TLR4</em>, and <em>NF-κB</em> induced by the APEC challenge in chickens (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Tryptophan supplementation also alleviated the APEC-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-1β in the blood (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Simultaneously, dietary supplementation with tryptophan significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity and total antioxidant capacity level in the blood of APEC-challenged chickens (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Thus, APEC challenging in chickens induced organ damage, up-regulated inflammation-related gene expression in the spleen, and increased the levels of inflammatory factors in the blood. Dietary supplementation with tryptophan inhibited the production of inflammatory factors, possibly through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and attenuated the morbidity and the inflammatory response caused by the APEC challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First establishment of a Duck Model for in vivo and in vitro studies of West nile virus (Kunjin subtype)","authors":"Zhen Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Hu ,&nbsp;Zhou Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu He ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Mingshu Wang ,&nbsp;Renyong Jia ,&nbsp;Dekang Zhu ,&nbsp;Mafeng Liu ,&nbsp;Xinxin Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiao Yang ,&nbsp;Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Shaqiu Zhang ,&nbsp;Juan Huang ,&nbsp;Xumin Ou ,&nbsp;Di Sun ,&nbsp;Bin Tian ,&nbsp;Anchun Cheng ,&nbsp;Shun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a method for constructing a Kunjin virus (KUNV) infectious clone capable of stable proliferation in bacterial systems. This KUNV infectious clone successfully produces infectious viral particles within host cells. In vitro, the recombinant virus demonstrates the ability to replicate in primary duck cells and induces 100 % mortality in duck embryos. In vivo, the recombinant virus exhibits virulence in our established duckling model, leading to clinical signs such as hepatic haemorrhage, splenomegaly, and pancreatic haemorrhage. Furthermore, the recombinant rKUNV induced a mortality rate of 20 % in ducklings, thereby providing a robust model for studying the virus’s pathogenicity in horses or human. To expand upon this foundation, we have developed KUNV replicons tagged with luciferase and mCherry, which confirm successful KUNV replication in primary duck cells and hold potential for future antiviral drug screening. The KUNV reverse genetics system, alongside the in vitro and in vivo duck infection models, offers a valuable platform for identifying pathogenic factors relevant to KUNV infection in humans, horses, and avian species. Additionally, this system could be instrumental in advancing vaccine development and antiviral drug research against KUNV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}