Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Ahiflower seed and press cake with or without multi-enzyme supplementation in broiler chicken diets: implications on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut morphology, bone characteristics, gizzard weight, and meat fatty acid profiles.","authors":"Ann Sewuese Lawrence-Azua, Roseline O Ogory, Deborah Adewole","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of multi-enzyme supplementation (ES) in diets with 10% ahiflower seed (AS) or presscake (APC) on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, gizzard weight, bone characteristics, and meat fatty acids (FAs) in broiler chickens were evaluated. One-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were housed 15/pen and assigned to six diets in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, including a corn-soybean control (CON), CON+10%AS, and CON+10%APC, with or without ES, for 35d, in a randomized complete block design with six pens/treatment. Overall, body weight (BW) and BW gain (BWG) were reduced by 10%AS and 10%APC (P = 0.0001), while only 10%AS reduced feed intake. Without ES, 10%APC increased FCR, but with ES, no negative effect of APC was observed. Compared to CON, 10%AS increased the duodenal villus height (VH; P = 0.0064), jejunal VH (P = 0.0488), and jejunal villus height: crypt depth (VH:CD; P = 0.0284), while 10%APC increased VH:CD in the ileum (P = 0.0332). Phosphorus digestibility was reduced by 10%AS (P = 0.0381) and ES (P = 0.0396), whereas calcium digestibility was unaffected by diet, ES, or interaction. Crude protein digestibility showed a diet × ES interaction (P = 0.0211), where lower value was observed for 10%AS than CON, only when enzyme was supplemented. Gizzard weight was increased in birds fed 10%APC compared with CON (P = 0.0020), with no ES effect. The bone breaking strength of the right tibia was higher in 10%AS than in 10%APC (P = 0.0211). Compared to CON, tibia weights were lower in 10%APC (P = 0.0207 and 0.0491, for right and left tibia, respectively), with no ES effect. In the breast meat, 10%AS increased stearidonic acid (SDA; P = 0.0467) and improved omega-6:omega-3 (P < 0.0001). In the thigh meat, 10%AS increased (P < 0.001) the contents of SDA, gamma linolenic acid, and total polyunsaturated FAs, compared to CON. Both 10%AS and 10%APC increased (P < 0.0001) the contents of alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and total omega 3 FAs in the thigh meat, while improving the omega-6:omega-3, compared to CON (P < 0.0001). There was a significant interaction (P = 0.0002) between ES and diet in Omega-6:Omega-3, with a better ratio in CON+ES than CON-ES. In conclusion, though 10%AS and 10%APC reduced BW and BWG, they increased the concentrations of polyunsaturated FAs in the thigh meat, with 10% AS also increasing SDA concentration in the breast meat and increasing right tibia breaking strength. While 10%AS improved intestinal morphology in the duodenum and jejunum, 10%APC improved it only in the ileum.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107855"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary water extract of Ampelopsis grossedentata modulates intestinal morphology and pectoral muscle lipid metabolism in broiler chickens in association with AMPK/PPAR-related pathways.","authors":"Wei Wang, Jia Wang, Huiyi Li, Pingping Li, Jianguo Zeng, Peng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary water extract of Ampelopsis grossedentata (WEA) on growth performance, metabolic status, intestinal morphology, and pectoral muscle lipid remodeling in white-feathered broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg WEA for 42 d. Targeted flavonoid profiling showed that flavones and flavonols were the largest subclasses based on annotated compound number, while dihydromyricetin was the most abundant individual compound. Dietary WEA did not significantly affect average daily gain or average daily feed intake, whereas overall feed conversion ratio differed among treatments, with the 50 mg/kg group showing a lower value than the 200 mg/kg group. Most slaughter traits and conventional meat-quality indices were unchanged. WEA increased serum albumin and reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 50-200 mg/kg on day 42, and improved ileal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio at selected doses. Based on the relatively favorable feed conversion ratio, reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, improved intestinal morphology, and absence of high-dose-associated oxidative fluctuations, the 50 mg/kg WEA group was selected for multi-omics analysis. Pectoral muscle lipidomics identified 46 differential lipid species, characterized by decreased neutral lipids, including triacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols, and free fatty acids, and increased phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 1,032 differentially expressed genes in pectoral muscle and 1,227 in ileum, with enrichment in AMPK, cAMP, PPAR signaling, lipolysis regulation, and fat digestion and absorption pathways. qPCR further supported AMPK upregulation and FAS downregulation in pectoral muscle, as well as SCD1 downregulation in ileum. These findings indicate that dietary WEA mainly acts as a metabolic and intestinal function modulator rather than a direct growth promoter in broilers, and 50 mg/kg WEA may be a suitable supplementation level for regulating lipid metabolism and intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107854"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary date (Phoenix dactylifera) modulates antioxidant defenses, immune function, and cecal microbiota to improve performance in Muscovy ducks.","authors":"Ali Mujtaba Shah, Zijie Li, Liuxiang Chen, Yue Zhao, Jihan Jiang, Yongsi Ma, Wence Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytogenic feed additives from agro-industrial byproducts are increasingly explored as antibiotic alternatives in poultry, yet their efficacy in Muscovy ducks remains poorly documented. This study investigated the effects of dietary date (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit supplementation at 0% (control), 5% (D1), and 10% (D2) on growth performance, blood biochemistry, antioxidant status, immune function, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and cecal microbiota in Muscovy ducks over a 42-day feeding trial. Date fruit supplementation dose-dependently improved final body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05) without affecting feed intake. Serum antioxidant capacity was markedly enhanced, with elevated T-SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC alongside reduced MDA in both treated groups (p < 0.05). Immunologically, date significantly increased IgA and IgG while decreasing TNF-α and IL-6 (p < 0.05). Intestinal histomorphometry revealed improved ileal villus height, width, and crypt depth (p < 0.05). Cecal microbiome analysis showed increased alpha diversity, phylum-level shifts favoring Bacillota and Actinomycetota, and genus-level enrichments correlated with enhanced performance and immunity. Meat quality remained largely unaffected, with only reduced leg muscle redness. Correlation analyses linked specific beneficial genera to improved antioxidant and immune indices. Collectively, these findings provide the first systematic evidence that 10% whole date fruit inclusion is a safe, effective functional additive for Muscovy ducks, enhancing productivity through antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and microbiome-modulating mechanisms and offering a sustainable nutritional strategy to reduce reliance on synthetic additives in duck production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107852"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic markers linked to growth performance in Ross 708 broilers fed varying dietary crude protein levels.","authors":"Doyun Goo, Woo Kyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) levels on plasma metabolome profiles and growth performance in 480 male 0-day-old Ross 708 broilers (n = 8). Broilers were fed three-phase corn-soybean meal-based diets from d 0 to 42, consisting of starter (d 0 to 14; 21.0, 22.5, and 24.0% CP), grower (d 15 to 28; 19.0, 20.5, and 22.0% CP), and finisher diets (d 29 to 42; 17.5, 19.0, and 20.5% CP for Low, Med, and High CP groups, respectively). Plasma was collected on d 42 for untargeted metabolomic profiling. On d 42, the Low CP group showed lower body weight compared to the Med CP group (P = 0.014), without changes in feed intake or feed conversion ratio. Increasing dietary CP quadratically changed body weight (P = 0.009) and overall feed intake (P = 0.035). Compared with the Med CP group, the Low CP group had significantly lower plasma levels of linolenic acid, phosphate, alanine, pseudouridine, and glycine, whereas the High CP group had higher phenylethylamine, γ-tocopherol, and aminomalonic acid but lower phosphate (P < 0.05). Pathway analysis showed that the Low CP diet altered alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism (FDR < 0.001), associated with higher TCA cycle intermediates such as fumarate and succinate. The Low CP diet also altered beta-alanine metabolism and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolism (FDR < 0.05). The High CP diet altered galactose and branched-chain amino acid metabolism (FDR < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that body weight was positively correlated with plasma phosphate (r = 0.607, P = 0.002), alanine (r = 0.437, P = 0.049), and linolenic acid (r = 0.405, P < 0.05). In conclusion, a low protein diet is associated with coordinated alterations in amino acid and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism, whereas a high protein diet imposes an internal metabolic burden associated with surplus amino acid catabolism without growth benefits, with plasma phosphate acting as a strong growth marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107853"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica isolates from retail chicken products in Kuwait.","authors":"Ahmad Al-Dhumair, Nazima Habibi, Amani H Al Fadhli, Qadreyah Almatawah, Hanan Al Khalifah, Mohammad Al Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella is recognized as an important threat to food safety and public health. The objectives of this study were to characterize the antimicrobial resistance patterns, molecular epidemiology and agreement between genetic resistance markers and phenotypic susceptibility profiles among Salmonella enterica isolates found in chicken products in Kuwait. Seventy-two Salmonella enterica isolates were tested for susceptibility to eleven antibiotics using the disk-diffusion method. Whole genome sequencing was performed to test the genotypic antibiotic resistance genes and associated mobile genetic elements. Phenotypically, resistance was higher to ampicillin, tetracycline and cefotaxime with rates of 97.1%, 95.7% and 89.9%, respectively. Genomic analysis identified 32 genes with the most common being tetA (98.6%), qacE (87.5%), sul1 (86.1%), floR (81.7%), aac(3)-IV (80.3%) and, blaCTX-M-65 (79.2%). The agreement between the genetic and phenotypic data varied, however, concordance was high for tetracycline (95.5%; k = 0.02), gentamicin (79.7%; k = 0.43), chloramphenicol (78.3%; k = 0.35) and meropenem (100%; k = 1.0), whereas, cefotaxime (10.1%; k = 0.0) and nalidixic acid (30.4%; k = 0.0) showed poor agreement. MLST analysis identified seven sequence types (STs) with ST32 and ST314 being the dominant lineages, representing 33.3% and 31.9% of isolates, respectively. Plasmid analysis showed 79.1% of isolates carried the IncFIB(pN55391) replicon. Integrons (attc & intl) were also identified in 83.3% of isolates. All the isolates were predicted as human pathogens at the confidence level of 95.5-98.5%. In conclusion, the widespread multidrug resistance and high load of resistance genes detected in Salmonella from retail chicken in Kuwait point to an important food safety concern. The findings support the need for routine surveillance in Kuwait that combines whole-genome sequencing with conventional susceptibility testing as a part of a broader One Health approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107844"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative metabolic and lipidomic analysis reveals microbiota-associated mechanisms of thigh meat quality variation in spent laying hens from different rearing systems.","authors":"Fang Chen, Na Zhao, Qiwen Fan, Wenjing Tao, Encun Du, Jintao Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to elucidate the differences in poultry meat quality between cage-rearing (CR) and free-range (FR) rearing systems and to dissect the underlying microbiota-mediated mechanisms. A total of 200 Jianghan laying hens (50-week-old) were equally assigned to either FR or CR group. At 56 w, 10 hens from each group were selected and underwent integrated analyses of gut microbial metagenomes, muscle nutrient composition, amino acid, and lipid profiles. The results showed that the FR group had lower abdominal fat yield but higher leg muscle yield (P < 0.01). Leg muscle of FR hens exhibited lower crude fat content, drip loss, malondialdehyde levels, but higher pH_24h, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and DPPH radical-scavenging rate (P < 0.05). Additionally, the FR group showed significant increases in glutamic acid, alanine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, arginine and total flavor amino acids (FAA, P < 0.05). Lipidomic profiling identified 38 differentially abundant lipids and an elevation in total fatty acyls in FR muscles. Subsequent fatty acids composition analysis revealed higher proportions of C20:4 and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the FR group (P < 0.05). Cecal microbiota analysis indicated FR rearing increased the relative abundances of Ligilactobacillus aviarius, Enterococcus faecium, Corynebacterium stationis, C.glutamicum, and C.casei (P < 0.05). Correlation analyses demonstrated that L. aviarius was positively correlated with FAA content, while the three Corynebacterium species were positively correlated with GSH-Px activity, pH_24h, FAA, and PUFA, and negatively with drip loss (|r| > 0.6, P < 0.05). Collectively, free-range rearing improves meat quality and nutritional traits, which may be linked to changes in the gut microbial community.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107848"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-CaSR egg yolk antibody improves calcium absorption and bone mineral deposition through intestinal CaSR modulation.","authors":"Jiakun Yan, Chong Pan, Lirong Fan, Sen Li, Peng Li, Shuangshuang Guo, Yanli Liu, Xiaojun Yang, Binying Ding, Zhouzheng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a key negative regulator of intestinal calcium transport, and targeting CaSR represents a promising strategy to improve mineral retention. Egg yolk antibodies can be used as a feed-based approach to modulate intestinal physiological processes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether anti-CaSR egg yolk antibodies could modulate intestinal calcium transport and enhance calcium and phosphorus retention in broilers. Hy-Line Brown laying hens were immunized over a 4-week period with either a CaSR peptide vaccine or an adjuvant control (without CaSR peptide). High titers of anti-CaSR antibodies were detected in egg yolk at week 5, indicating successful antibody production. The egg yolks were subsequently collected, freeze-dried into powder, and incorporated into broiler diets at a supplementation level of 0.5%. A 14-day feeding trial demonstrated that dietary supplementation with anti-CaSR antibodies markedly increased serum calcium and phosphorus levels, improved apparent ileal digestibility of both minerals, and enhanced tibial ash as well as calcium and phosphorus deposition. Mechanistically, dietary supplementation with anti-CaSR antibodies upregulated components of the transcellular calcium transport pathway, including transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) and calbindin-D28k (CaBP-D28k), and elevated serum calcitriol level, indicating activation of a vitamin D-dependent regulatory axis. Furthermore, anti-CaSR increased the expression of key phosphate transporters in both the intestine and kidney, supporting its broader role in mineral homeostasis. These findings demonstrate that anti-CaSR antibodies enhance the expression of calcium and phosphorus transport proteins, thereby improving mineral retention and promoting bone mineralization in broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli in the broiler production chain: the role of parent stock and hatchery\" [Poultry Science, Volume 105 2026 10684].","authors":"Moniek Ringenier, Bert Bogaerts, Filip Boyen, Kevin Vanneste, Sigrid C J De Keersmaecker, Junjia He, Mathieu Gand, Mathias Devreese, Nancy Roosens, Jeroen Dewulf","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) cakes in laying quails feeding: egg nutritional and sensory properties.","authors":"Bianca Palumbo, Marco Cullere, Erika Pellattiero, Antonella Dalle Zotte","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the effect of including 15% Camelina sativa cake in the diet of laying Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) on egg nutritional composition, oxidative stability, and sensory properties. A total of 240 quails (70 days of age) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: a control diet without camelina cake and three diets containing 15% camelina cake derived from the commercial variety Calena or from the improved lines Pearl and Alan. Dietary treatment significantly modified the fatty acid (FA) profile of eggs by increasing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly n-3 FA, mainly α-linolenic acid, and markedly reducing the n-6/n-3 ratio. These effects were observed from the first week and became more pronounced at week 6 of the trial, when differences in monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids also emerged, especially in the Alan group. Most importantly, all eggs of the tested camelina sativa cakes' groups reached the nutritional claim \"source or rich in omega-3 fatty acids\", in agreement with the European Regulation No. 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods. Amino acid (AA) composition was not affected at week 1 but showed differences at week 6, with the Pearl group displaying a lower total AA content, whereas the Alan group maintained values comparable to the control. Despite the higher PUFA content, oxidative stability of egg yolk was not affected during 28 days of storage. In contrast, dietary treatment influenced sensory properties, with increased intensity of vegetable and metallic flavors and greater flavor persistency in camelina cake-treated groups. These changes were associated with reduced consumer acceptance, particularly in the Pearl and Alan groups, while the Calena group showed intermediate responses compared with the control. Consumer characteristics influenced perception, as higher scores were assigned by older and more frequent egg consumers. In conclusion, the inclusion of camelina cake is an effective strategy to produce n-3 enriched quail eggs that qualify for a nutritional health claim under EU legislation, without adversely affecting oxidative stability. However, varietal differences and sensory acceptability should be considered in the development of functional egg products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149114084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From environmental perception to reproductive allocation: the microbiome-membrane-mitochondria axis in poultry.","authors":"Guillermo Tellez-Isaias","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2026.107841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reproductive performance has traditionally been interpreted through the physiology of reproductive organs, endocrine regulation, and genetics. Although these approaches have substantially advanced poultry production, they do not fully explain why reproduction consistently reflects the overall physiological condition of the organism. This review proposes an integrative conceptual framework in which reproductive success emerges from the coordinated activity of the entire host-microbiome ecosystem, not from the reproductive system alone. We examine current evidence supporting the concept that the intestinal microbiome functions as a major ecological and metabolic partner that can contribute to whole-organism homeostasis through effects on intestinal barrier integrity, immunometabolism, endocrine signaling, microbial metabolite production, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. In this model, microbially derived signals, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acid metabolites, tryptophan derivatives, polyamines, vitamins, extracellular vesicles, and microbial-associated molecular patterns, form an extensive communication network linking the intestinal ecosystem with distant tissues. Central to this model is the recognition of mitochondria as major bioenergetic and signaling integrators within the host-microbiome system. Beyond ATP production, mitochondria participate in redox homeostasis, immune activation, metabolic adaptation, endocrine responses, steroidogenesis, and cellular quality control, thereby integrating microbial, nutritional, immune, and environmental signals into cellular responses. Diverse stressors, including dysbiosis, heat stress, pathogens, mycotoxins, oxidative stress, nutritional imbalance, and chronic inflammation, converge upon mitochondrial and immunometabolic pathways that can alter systemic resource allocation and reproductive resilience. Reproductive performance is therefore considered here as an emergent, condition-dependent physiological outcome rather than as a hierarchically superior biological function. The intestinal microbiome does not directly regulate reproduction; instead, it contributes to the systemic conditions that can support reproductive investment, whereas microbial communities within the reproductive tract may interact more directly with reproductive tissues and gametes. The revised framework further emphasizes reciprocal communication: endocrine and reproductive states can reshape metabolism, immunity, intestinal physiology, mitochondrial function, and microbial ecology. Finally, maternal programming and optimization of host-microbiome interactions are considered as potential strategies for strengthening reproductive resilience across generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"105 12","pages":"107841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13634739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}