Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Pediococcus acidilactici supplementation enhances sperm quality and testicular function in roosters","authors":"Yanqiu Lv ,&nbsp;Yinan Wang ,&nbsp;Xuan Chen,&nbsp;Biao Xuan,&nbsp;Longzheng Yu,&nbsp;Wanfeng Liang,&nbsp;Yi Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters due to resistance issues has urged scientists to find alternatives to antibiotics. In recent years, probiotics have gained widespread attention for their potential benefits on systemic physiological functions. However, little is known about how <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> supplementation specifically influences sperm quality, testicular development, and the molecular mechanisms underlying male reproductive performance in roosters. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> supplementation on the reproductive performance of roosters. Roosters were randomly assigned to four groups: a control group (fed a basal diet) and three treatment groups supplemented with <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> at P1 (1 × 10⁸), P2 (1 × 10⁹), and P3 (1 × 10¹⁰) CFU/mL. Over a five-week trial period, semen parameters, motility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, protamine deficiency, reproductive hormone levels, testicular histological parameters, and transcriptomic profiles were assessed. The results demonstrated that the beneficial effects of <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> supplementation on rooster semen quality progressively increased with prolonged feeding duration. Notably, in the final week, compared with the control group, the P2 and P3 groups exhibited significantly improved sperm parameters (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), motility (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), viability, and mitochondrial function (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), while apoptosis (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and protamine deficiency (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) were significantly reduced. Additionally, reproductive hormone levels, testicular histology, and testicular antioxidant capacity were also significantly improved in the P2 and P3 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Finally, transcriptomic analysis identified five key genes (RAF1, PIK3R1, ATRX, ARID4A, and SOX9) and four signaling pathways involved in testicular development. These findings suggest that supplementation with an appropriate level of <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em>, particularly at 1 × 10⁹ CFU/mL, probably can enhance the reproductive capacity of roosters by improving sperm quality and testicular development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of egg production traits in four chicken breeds using a full diallel cross","authors":"Philimon Teshome ,&nbsp;Gebeyehu Goshu ,&nbsp;Wondmeneh Esatu ,&nbsp;Tadelle Dessie","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, effects of crossbreeding on egg production traits were evaluated using a 4 × 4 full diallel cross involving four chicken breeds: Improved Horro (<strong>H</strong>), Sasso (<strong>S</strong>), Potchefstroom Koekoek (<strong>K</strong>), and Dz-white feathered (<strong>D</strong>). The experiment included 800 chickens in a completely randomized design. Data on egg production traits were collected over 40 weeks (<strong>WK</strong>). Genotypes exhibited significant variations (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) in age at first egg (<strong>AFE</strong>), body weight at sexual maturity (<strong>BWSM</strong>), egg weight at first egg (<strong>EWAFE</strong>), egg number (<strong>EN</strong>), hen-housed egg production <strong>(HHEP</strong>), hen-day egg production (<strong>HDEP</strong>), and egg mass (<strong>EM</strong>). Heterosis effects (<strong>H^e</strong>) varied widely, with positive H^e for BWSM and EM in most crosses, while AFE consistently showed negative H^e. All reciprocal crosses showed positive H^e for EWAFE, while direct crosses had negative values except <em>H</em> × <em>S</em> and <em>H</em> × <em>D</em>. The <em>K</em> × <em>H</em> cross showed the highest H^e for HHEP (26.85 %), HDEP (29.44 %), EM (40.88 %), and EN (28.27 %). The cross <em>D</em> × <em>H</em> also exhibited strong H^e for HHEP (25.16 %) and EN (24.60 %), while <em>K</em> × <em>S</em> ranked second for HDEP (22.60 %) and EM (33.89 %). Reciprocal crosses showed positive H^e for BWSM, EWAFE, HHEP, HDEP, EM, and EN, except AFE. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) for all traits. Reciprocal effects (<strong>RE</strong>) and maternal effects (<strong>M^e</strong>) also influenced trait expression. GCA/SCA ratios indicated that non-additive effects influenced AFE, while additive effects influenced EWAFE. Moderate ratios for HHEP, HDEP, EM, and EN suggested a balance between additive and non-additive effects. Optimizing crossbreeding strategies, aligning with synthetic breed development, using a K sire with H and S dams, and a D sire with H dam, is recommended to improve egg production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of process hygiene criteria in poultry slaughterhouses: A comparative analysis of own-checks and official controls in Northeast Italy (2021-2023)","authors":"Alfonso Rosamilia ,&nbsp;Giorgio Galletti ,&nbsp;Gabriele Casadei ,&nbsp;Giovanni Dell’Orfano ,&nbsp;Margherita Ferrari ,&nbsp;Elisa Di Carlantonio ,&nbsp;Francesca Vergani ,&nbsp;Nicola Riceputi ,&nbsp;Francesco Zanchini ,&nbsp;Lia Bardasi ,&nbsp;Laura Fiorentini ,&nbsp;Chiara Chiapponi ,&nbsp;Michele Dottori ,&nbsp;Anna Padovani ,&nbsp;Marcello Trevisani","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Process hygiene criteria (PHC) for <em>Campylobacter</em> and <em>Salmonella</em> provide essential guidance on hygiene standards for poultry processing at slaughterhouses. Data collected by Member States (MSs) in Europe revealed inconsistencies between official verification and internal monitoring results, highlighting the need for a comprehensive investigation to uncover the reasons behind these discrepancies. This study investigated PHC in relation to operational factors at nine poultry slaughterhouses, integrating production characteristics and epidemiological surveillance data from a representative sample of supplying farms. The analysis is based on microbiological testing results collected between 2021 and 2023. PHC were monitored at regular intervals, creating a “moving window” of data to assess hygienic performance over time. The findings indicated that samples tested by competent authorities (CAs) showed higher prevalence rates of <em>Campylobacter</em> (27.6 %) and <em>Salmonella</em> (30.7 %) compared to those tested by food business operators (FBOs) (13.0 % and 8.7 %, respectively). However, statistically significant differences between paired observations (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) were detected only in four high-throughput slaughterhouses. Six of the nine slaughterhouses face challenges in meeting the hygiene standards established by EC Regulation 2073/2005, with recurring non-compliance over three years, representing 17.0 % to 82.0 % of their total operational time. Serotyping of <em>Salmonella</em> isolates identified a high prevalence of <em>S.</em> Infantis (61.7 %), also prevalent in farm samples (72.0 %), frequently linked to human cases related to poultry meat in the region, underscoring its public health importance. The study highlights the importance of robust sampling protocols for comparative assessments by FBOs and CAs, alongside the need for continuous improvement in hygiene management. Discrepancies between FBO and CA sampling results, as reported by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), in this study are largely attributed to the lower sampling frequency employed by CAs, which likely captures only a fraction of the microbial variability. Recurrent breaches of PHC underscore the ineffectiveness of current interventions in controlling microbial loads. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive control measures throughout the production chain, including surveillance of emerging serovars and antimicrobial resistance monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effects of dietary deoxynivalenol and coccidial infection on growth performance, immune response, oxidative status, and gut health in pullets","authors":"Deependra Paneru ,&nbsp;Milan K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Doyun Goo ,&nbsp;Hanyi Shi ,&nbsp;Todd J. Applegate ,&nbsp;Lilong Chai ,&nbsp;Revathi Shanmugasundaram ,&nbsp;Woo K. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination of grains and coccidiosis are two major health and economic challenges in layer production, yet their combined effect during pullet rearing phase remains poorly understood. This study evaluated whether dietary DON exposure exacerbates the severity of <em>Eimeria</em> infection and delays recovery in growing pullets. A total of 288 Hy-Line W36 pullets (4-wk-old) were fed either a control diet containing 2.5 mg/kg DON or a naturally contaminated diet containing 14-15 mg/kg DON for 14 d. Birds were then sham‑dosed or orally inoculated with <em>E. acervulina</em> (50 000 oocysts), <em>E. maxima</em> (10 000) and <em>E. tenella</em> (10 000) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Growth performance, gut permeability, intestinal morphology, jejunal tight‑junction and mucin gene expression, cecal tonsil cytokine profiles, T‑cell subsets, and hepatic redox indices were analyzed at 6 and 14 days post inoculation (DPI). DON alone did not depress weight gain; however, when coupled with <em>Eimeria</em> challenge it reduced feed intake by an additional 3 % (<em>P</em> = 0.038) and numerically aggravated intestinal lesions. The <em>Eimeria</em> challenge reduced body weight by 15 % at 6 DPI and 8 % at 14 DPI (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), increased gut permeability and disrupted intestinal architecture (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). <em>Eimeria</em> also damaged gut barrier integrity and induced Th1‑biased inflammation by downregulating <em>JAM2, OCLN, ZO1</em> and <em>MUC2</em> while upregulating <em>CLDN1, IFN‑γ</em> and <em>IL‑10 (P</em> &lt; 0.05). DON independently downregulated jejunal <em>MUC2</em> and upregulated <em>IL‑1β</em>. The interaction delayed mucosal repair and immune dysregulation by further upregulating <em>CLDN1</em> at 14 DPI (<em>P</em> = 0.004) and splenic CD4⁺ cells at 6 DPI (<em>P</em> = 0.003). Hepatic redox indices were independently affected by <em>Eimeria</em> at 6 and 14 DPI, whereas DON at 14 DPI. In conclusion, diets containing 14-15 mg/kg DON negatively affected the immune response and jejunal <em>MUC2</em> expression with minimal adverse effects on growth in non-challenged pullets. However, when <em>Eimeria</em> infection was present, DON delayed gut repair and shifted immune balance toward inflammation. Therefore, routine mycotoxin surveillance and mitigation in pullet feeds are important, especially in cage‑free systems where <em>Eimeria spp.</em> often circulate subclinically, to prevent downstream negative effects on laying performance and profitability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portable lab-on-a-chip platform enabling multiplex recombinant enzyme polymerase amplification detection of H5/H7/H10 avian influenza virus subtypes","authors":"Li-guo Liang ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Jiamin Fu ,&nbsp;Linwei Zhu ,&nbsp;Linfang Cheng ,&nbsp;Fumin Liu ,&nbsp;Nanping Wu ,&nbsp;Lihua Xu ,&nbsp;Hangping Yao ,&nbsp;Haibo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The zoonotic nature of influenza pathogens creates substantial health security risks, jeopardizing the welfare of interconnected human and animal ecosystems. The H5/H7/H10 avian influenza virus (<strong>AIV</strong>) variants demonstrate persistent endemicity in poultry reservoirs and recurrent zoonotic jumps precipitating fatal human infections. Therefore, the innovation of multiplex diagnostic platforms integrating expedited processing, enhanced sensitivity, and subtype-specific discrimination has emerged as a pivotal strategy to curb epidemiological escalation. This research introduces a temperature-controlled nucleic acid detection platform utilizing microfluidic technology, enabling concurrent differentiation of H5, H7, and H10 AIV subtypes. Based on the conserved sequences of the hemagglutinin (<strong>HA</strong>) gene of H5, H7, and H10 AIVs, three sets of primers and probes specific to the subtypes were developed. These were then combined with microfluidic microarray technology and recombinant enzyme polymerase amplification. This combination aimed to create a method for the simultaneous detection of H5, H7, and H10 AIVs for differential diagnostic purposes. The method was distinguished by its specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, and its ability to detect these viruses in clinical samples. The specificity of the method showed that it could detect all strains of H5, H7 and H10 AIVs at the same time, with no cross-reactivity with other subtype influenza viruses or other avian pathogens. The sensitivity results showed that the assay could still detect the three AIV target genes simultaneously at a concentration of 2 copies per reaction. The results of this method for 100 clinical samples were consistent with those produced by quantitative PCR. This integrated detection system for H5/H7/H10 AIV differentiation exhibits exceptional specificity, enhanced sensitivity, rapid turnaround, and streamlined operational procedures, representing a viable solution for prompt pathogen identification during outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals involvement of FOXL2 in regulation of ovulation cycle in chicken","authors":"Xuelian Li ,&nbsp;Haobo Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Luo ,&nbsp;Xuliang Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Zi Mei ,&nbsp;Yanzhang Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The egg-laying performance is closely related to ovulation of chicken. Ovulation is very complex and highly coordinated physiological process. However, little is known about the ovulation-related synergistic actions of molecules and their signaling. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis based on preovulatory, ovulatory, and post-ovulatory follicle data of thirty-week-old Lohmann Pink laying hens. Gene set enrichment analysis (<strong>GSEA</strong>) indicated that the ovulating follicles exhibited the significant changes in plasma membrane structure and cell morphology, and the immune response mediators and T-cells were activated in response to ovulation, and meanwhile multiple biological processes (such as oxidative phosphorylation and steroidogenesis) and biological functions of ribosomes and lysosomes were inhibited. The analyses of our ovulation RNA-seq data and previously reported forkhead box L2 (<em>FOXL2</em>) ChIP-seq and <em>FOXL2</em> RNA-seq data revealed that <em>FOXL2</em> gene might directly regulate extracellular matrix (<strong>ECM</strong>) structure-related genes, thus modulating the expression levels of genes related to DNA replication and cell cycle, ultimately affecting ovulation. <em>FOXL2</em> was involved in the regulation of DNA replication and cell cycle at 22 h before ovulation, oocyte meiosis and actin cytoskeleton regulation at 3 h before ovulation, and ECM structure change and cell senescence after ovulation. Overall, this study reveals regulatory mechanism of <em>FOXL2</em> on chicken ovulation at transcriptomic level. Our findings lay a foundation for further identifying key nodes regulating ovulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144622785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision biotics enhance growth performance in broiler chickens by selectively modifying their intestinal microbiome to better respond to enteric challenges","authors":"Cristiano Bortoluzzi ,&nbsp;Mick Watson ,&nbsp;Maria A. Iuspa ,&nbsp;Brett Lumpkins ,&nbsp;Greg Mathis ,&nbsp;Matthew Jones ,&nbsp;Charles Hofacre","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precision biotics (PB) are innovative feed additives designed to influence key metabolic pathways in the microbiome, particularly those involved in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. These SCFAs are crucial for the healthy development and functionality of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in chickens. Our hypothesis was that adding a glycan-based PB to the diet would steer microbial metabolism towards increased SCFA production in the ceca, thereby reducing the adverse effects of necrotic enteritis (NE) in chickens. These studies evaluated the supplementation of PB on the cecal microbiome and growth performance in broiler chickens exposed to a necrotic enteritis (NE) challenge. Experiment 1: Day-old chicks were assigned to three treatment groups: a control, a challenged control, and a challenged group supplemented with PB. The birds were vaccinated for coccidiosis at day 0 and challenged with <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>. Cecal content was collected from one bird per pen on days 22 and 42 for microbiome analysis. Experiment 2: Day-old chicks were again assigned to three treatments: control, challenged control, and challenged with PB. All birds were vaccinated for coccidiosis and challenged with <em>Eimeria maxima</em> on day 14 and later with <em>C. perfringens</em>. On day 21, birds were euthanized for NE lesion scoring. In Exp. 1, the supplementation of PB significantly improved (P &lt; 0.05) the growth performance of the challenged birds. An increased relative abundance of species related to SCFA production was observed on day 42, including several <em>Faecalibacterium</em> species (P &lt; 0.05). This was paired with an increased relative abundance of both propionate (P&lt;0.05) and butyrate pathways in birds with PB supplementation. In Exp. 2, on day 21, the challenge impaired growth performance, but the supplementation of PB counteracted this effect (P &lt; 0.05). On day 42, the supplementation of PB improved BW by 10 % (P &lt; 0.0001), and the FCR by 8.4 % (P &lt; 0.0001) when compared to the challenged group. The supplementation of PB reduced NE associated mortality (5.5 vs 0.5 %; P = 0.002) and reduced the lesions characteristic of NE (P &lt; 0.0001). Taken together, the microbiome metabolic shift observed with the supplementation of PB explains the improvement in growth performance, resilience to enteric stress and faster recovery of the intestine, which consequently improves welfare and the sustainability of poultry production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Note: Effect of exogenous enzyme supplementation on standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of guar korma meal in sexed broilers","authors":"Muhammad A Iqbal ,&nbsp;Tanveer Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad S Ahmad ,&nbsp;Usama Aftab ,&nbsp;Nasir Mukhtar","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Guar korma meal (<strong>GKM</strong>), a byproduct of the guar gum industry, has emerged as a potential alternative protein source in poultry nutrition, particularly the Indian subcontinent. This study aimed to investigate the standardized ileal digestibility (<strong>SID</strong>) of amino acids (<strong>AA</strong>) in GKM and assess the effects of two exogenous enzymes, mannanase and protease, on mitigating its antinutritional factors in male and female broilers. A total of 600 one-day-old broiler chicks (equally distributed between males and females) were assigned to eight dietary treatments plus two nitrogen-free diet groups for each sex, in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, sex (male and female) × dietary β-mannanase (0 and 500 gm/ton) × dietary protease (0 and 500 gm/ton). Each treatment had six replicate pens, with 10 sexed birds (single-sex) per pen. The experimental diet included GKM as the sole nitrogen source and a nitrogen-free diet for the determination of SID separately in male and female broilers. The predominant AAs in GKM were arginine, leucine, and isoleucine.. Male broilers exhibited <em>(P</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05)</em> higher digestibility than females for several AAs. Mannanase supplementation improved <em>(P</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05)</em> SID values of most determined AAs except for lysine, while protease improved <em>(P</em> <em>&lt;</em> <em>0.05)</em> the digestibility of all amino acids except arginine and lysine. These findings highlight GKM as a promising alternative protein source for broilers, with enzyme supplementation, particularly mannanase by enhancing amino acid digestibility, and notable differences observed between sexes that warrant consideration in diet formulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peracetic acid (PAA) exhibits higher antimicrobial efficacy compared to chlorine-based disinfectants against Salmonella Typhimurium on chicken skin and food-contact surfaces","authors":"A.G.M.Sofi Uddin Mahamud ,&nbsp;Shamsun Nahar ,&nbsp;Sang-Do Ha","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Outbreaks of <em>Salmonella</em>, especially in the poultry industry, pose significant food safety and public health challenges. These outbreaks are often intensified by the limited effectiveness of widely used disinfectants, including chlorine-based agents like chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), particularly against bacterial biofilms. Biofilm formation on food-contact surfaces shields <em>Salmonella</em> from sanitizers, leading to persistent contamination and increased resistance, emphasizing the need for more effective disinfection strategies. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the bactericidal and antibiofilm efficacy of peroxyacetic acid (PAA) with ClO₂ and NaOCl against <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Typhimurium (<em>S.</em> Typhimurium) on various food-contact surfaces, including stainless steel, plastic, silicon rubber, and chicken skin. PAA demonstrated the highest bactericidal and antibiofilm effectiveness, requiring lower concentrations than ClO₂ and NaOCl, even in organic load-rich environments. Confocal microscopy and protein leakage assays demonstrated that PAA induces significant cell wall disruption of <em>S.</em> Typhimurium planktonic cells, unlike ClO₂ and NaOCl, which were less effective under similar conditions. These findings suggest that PAA is a superior alternative for controlling <em>Salmonella</em> in poultry processing facilities, offering greater applicability for sanitation in processing facilities to enhance overall food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of hatching egg storage duration and warming rate from storage to incubation temperature on morphological broiler embryo development","authors":"Anne Pennings ,&nbsp;Hendrikus Johannes Wijnen ,&nbsp;Carla Willemien van der Pol ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Anna Maria Graat ,&nbsp;Bas Kemp ,&nbsp;Henry van den Brand","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hatching egg storage affects the development and survival of broiler embryos. Storage for longer than 7 d is associated with decreased hatchability, delayed hatching, and lower day-old chick quality. These negative effects may be mitigated by the rate at which eggs are warmed from storage temperature (18°C) to incubation temperature (37.8°C), which is referred to as the ‘warming rate’. The current study investigated effects of broiler egg storage duration in interaction with warming rate on morphological embryo development and survival, and how albumen and yolk pH are affected. An experiment with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, testing 2 storage durations (4 and 14 d) and 3 warming rates (10, 24, and 144 h), was conducted. During 14 d of storage, embryos advanced morphologically, but during warming and incubation, these embryos lagged behind compared to those stored for 4 d. This might be due to the larger difference between albumen and yolk pH after 14 d of storage, potentially explaining the shorter chicks at hatch compared to a 4 d of storage (19.5 vs 19.6 cm; <em>P</em> = 0.04). A 24 h and 144 h warming rate allowed the embryo time to develop before reaching incubation temperature, without affecting growth during incubation. A 144 h warming rate resulted in longer chicks at hatch (19.6 vs 19.5 cm; <em>P</em> = 0.04) and a shorter incubation duration (77 h; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), compared to a 10 h warming rate. After 4 d of storage, hatchability increased from 93.6 % for the 10 h warming rate to 96.0 % following a 144 h warming rate (<em>P</em> = 0.04). After 14 d of storage, hatchability was similar for all warming rates. Incubation duration, however, increased for the 10 h and 24 h warming rate compared to 4 d of storage (2 and 9 h respectively; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), but not for the 144 h warming rate. The absence of a hatch delay suggests that a warming rate of 144 h may have compensated for the developmental delay typically associated with 14 d of egg storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 9","pages":"Article 105451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}