Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Matrine on growth performance, gut health, and gut microbiota in chickens infected with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli","authors":"Ningning Mao ,&nbsp;Yaming Yu ,&nbsp;Jiqin Cui ,&nbsp;Jin He ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Deyun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (APEC) is a major cause of avian colibacillosis. Matrine, a natural component derived from <em>Sophora flavescens</em>, exhibits various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, its role in mitigating APEC-induced intestinal damage in chickens remains insufficiently understood. This study aimed to explore the protective effects and potential mechanisms of matrine against APEC-induced intestinal damage. Chickens were administered matrine (10 or 20 mg/kg) from 6 days old for 5 days, followed by an APEC intraperitoneal injection on day 10. After 72 h of APEC infection, tissues were collected for analysis. Results indicated that pretreatment with matrine alleviated the symptoms of APEC infection in chickens, improving survival rates and promoting weight gain. Additionally, pretreatment with matrine reduced the secretion and gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in intestinal tissues, while enhancing serum SOD, GSH, and CAT activity, as well as gene expression levels in the intestine. Pretreatment with matrine reduced the levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in intestinal tissues. Moreover, pretreatment with matrine ameliorated intestinal inflammation and pathological damage, restoring the expression of ZO-1, Occludin, and MUC2 in the intestine during APEC infection. Furthermore, pretreatment with matrine alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis by lowering the abundance of harmful bacteria. In summary, matrine alleviated APEC-induced intestinal inflammation and damage, potentially by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway and reshaping the gut microbiota. These findings provide promising insights into the prevention and treatment of avian colibacillosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"Article 104520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of mRNA and miRNA differential expression profiles in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis in laying and broodiness period of Wanxi white geese","authors":"Xinwei Tong ,&nbsp;Xiaojin Li ,&nbsp;Yuhua Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Xie ,&nbsp;Ruidong Li ,&nbsp;Man Ren ,&nbsp;Qianqian Hu ,&nbsp;Shenghe Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is an important neuroendocrine regulatory center involved in egg-laying process in poultry. However, its mechanism of regulating broodiness behavior and laying performance in geese remains unclear. This study explored the molecular mechanism by which the HPG axis regulates brooding behavior in Wanxi white geese (WWG). The hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovarian tissues of Wanxi white geese were collected at laying and brooding periods for transcriptome sequencing analysis. A total of 240 (BH vs. LH), 319 (BP vs. LP), and 445 (BO vs. LO) differentially expressed genes, and 56 (BH vs. LH), 82 (BP vs. LP), and 48 (BO vs. LO) differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were significantly enriched in hormone level regulation, cell communication, calcium signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and other processes. Six DEGs and four DEMs were randomly selected for real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The results showed that the transcriptome sequencing data were accurate and reliable. In addition, 22 potential hub miRNAs were screened. Dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-144-y and <em>DIO3</em>. The results showed that the miRNAs mainly regulated the laying performance and brooding behavior of WWG by mediating the expression of target genes. In this study, we systematically elucidated the mechanisms by which the HPG axis regulates the broodiness behavior and laying performance of WWG at the post-transcriptional level. Several miRNAs and mRNAs associated with the reproductive performance of WWG were identified, providing a crucial reference for the subsequent use of gene editing technologies to breed new varieties and advance the development of WWG breeding industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"Article 104510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of synergistic efficacy of carbaryl in combination with Cinnamomum cassia and Origanum vulgare essential oils against Dermanyssus gallinae","authors":"Zhonghao Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Xu ,&nbsp;Shuo Yin ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Jianhua Qin ,&nbsp;Dehe Wang ,&nbsp;Lijun Xu ,&nbsp;Chuanwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The poultry red mite <em>Dermanyssus gallinae</em>, a prevalent ectoparasite in egg-laying poultry, severely compromises bird health and impedes the poultry industry's development. However, the escalating drug resistance due to sustained reliance on chemical acaricides highlights the urgent need for new mite management strategies. Therefore, plant essential oils (EOs), which exhibit natural acaricidal properties and environmental compatibility, represent promising candidates for developing eco-friendly acaricides. In this study, we formulated binary mixtures of the median lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) of carbaryl and EOs of <em>Cinnamomum cassia</em> and <em>Origanum vulgare</em> at ratios from 1:9 to 9:1 and then evaluated their contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity, and ovicidal effects against <em>D. gallinae</em>. The binary mixtures of <em>C. cassia</em>–carbaryl (2:8), <em>O. vulgare</em>–carbaryl (6:4), and <em>C. cassia</em>–<em>O. vulgare</em> (7:3) exhibited the most effective contact toxicity and achieved mite mortality rates of 60 %, 66.7 %, and 65.5 %, respectively, with poison ratios of 1.22, 1.25, and 1.24, respectively, indicating synergism. In the fumigant trials, the <em>O. vulgare</em>–carbaryl (6:4) mixture achieved 97 % mite mortality at 48 h, whereas the <em>C. cassia</em>–carbaryl (2:8) mixture demonstrated low mite mortality of 18 %. Notably, the <em>C. cassia</em>–<em>O. vulgare</em> mixture at 7:3 resulted in 87 % mite mortality, which was lower than that of the other ratios for this mixture. Furthermore, the ovicidal effects of the optimal binary mixtures of <em>C. cassia</em>–carbaryl (2:8), <em>O. vulgare</em>–carbaryl (6:4), and <em>C. cassia</em>–<em>O. vulgare</em> (7:3) were significantly better than those of a single drug, with egg hatchabilities of 2.3 %, 6.6 %, and 4.3 %, respectively, thus indicating strong inhibition of D. gallinae eggs. These combinations outperformed the single-agent controls, with egg hatchability rates of 31 % for <em>C. cassia</em> EO, 33.3 % for <em>O. vulgare</em> EO, and 20 % for carbaryl. Compared with the control group, mite eggs treated with the optimal binary mixtures and single drugs exhibited significant shrinkage and structural damage, which are consistent with low egg hatchability. These results demonstrate that integrating EOs with carbaryl could represent a viable alternative strategy for the management of poultry red mites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"Article 104540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual ciprofloxacin in chicken manure inhibits methane production in an anaerobic digestion system","authors":"Yiting Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Hongli Ran ,&nbsp;Pingcai Peng ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Guoliang Peng ,&nbsp;Yinbao Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaerobic digestion (AD) is commonly used to dispose of laying hen manure. However, veterinary antibiotic residues present in chicken manure may affect the AD process. Here, the effects of three types of veterinary antibiotics commonly used in laying hen breeding on AD were explored. Manures containing antibiotics at two different concentrations were continuously added during AD for 5 days: amoxicillin (H_AMX: 145.06 mg/kg, L_AMX: 57.88 mg/kg), doxycycline (H_DOC: 183.61 mg/kg, L_DOC: 98.00 mg/kg), and ciprofloxacin (H_CIP: 96.34 mg/kg, L_CIP: 40.43 mg/kg). Compared with a control with no veterinary antibiotics, the amoxicillin and doxycycline groups presented no significant effects on biogas production, methane production, VFA concentration, acetic acid concentration or the pH of the AD system (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, compared with the control, the ciprofloxacin groups presented significantly inhibited biogas and methane production during AD (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and the H_CIP and L_CIP groups presented significantly decreased biogas (47.82% and 45.37%, respectively) and methane (58.24% and 52.55%, respectively) production (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the VFA and acetic acid concentrations of the ciprofloxacin groups were significantly higher than those of control during the entire AD period (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and the pH value at the withdrawal stage was significantly lower than that of the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), with no significant difference between the H_CIP and L_CIP groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Our results suggest that ciprofloxacin causes VFA and acetic acid accumulation in AD systems, thereby reducing the pH of the systems and inhibiting methanogen growth, ultimately reducing methane production in the AD systems. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the impact of ciprofloxacin on methane production in AD systems and offer some considerations for the application of AD systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"Article 104539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of miR-205a with RUNX2 towards proliferation and differentiation of chicken chondrocytes in thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia","authors":"Yuxin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Lu ,&nbsp;Hengyong Xu ,&nbsp;Xuyang Ji ,&nbsp;Qingqing Deng ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiuhang Li ,&nbsp;Yusheng Lu ,&nbsp;Alma Rustempasic ,&nbsp;Yiping Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tibial dyschondroplasia (<strong>TD</strong>) is a kind of metabolic bone disease in fast-growing broilers, which seriously restricts the development of poultry industry. Our previous studies have revealed a significant upregulation of miR-205a in TD cartilage tissue, suggesting its potential role as a regulatory factor in the pathogenesis of TD. However, the precise function implications and underlying regulatory mechanism remain elusive. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of miR-205a in the progression of TD by employing mehtodologies such as qRT-PCR, CCK-8 assay, EdU assays, and flow cytometry. The findings demonstrated that the transfection of miR-205a overexpression plasmid reduced chondrocytes growth and development in TD while enhancing apoptosis; conversely, blocking miR-205a had opposite effects. <em>RUNX2</em> was identified as a target gene of miR-205a through biosynthesis and dual luciferase assays, and its overexpression helps chondrocytes in TD grow and develop. However, when both miR-205a and <em>RUNX2</em> were overexpressed, the regulatory effect of <em>RUNX2</em> was significantly suppressed. In conclusion, miR-205a plays a role in slowing the growth and development of chondrocytes in TD by targeting and reducing <em>RUNX2</em> expression, which helps to initiate and progress TD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"Article 104535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to <Harnessing probiotics capability to combat Salmonella Heidelberg and improve intestinal health in broilers> <Poultry Science, 103, 2024, 103739>.","authors":"Patrícia Giovana Hoepers, Pedro Lucas Figueiredo Nunes, Hebreia Oliveira Almeida-Souza, Mario Machado Martins, Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho, Caroline Teixeira Dreyer, Flávia Figueira Aburjaile, Simone Sommerfeld, Vasco Azevedo, Belchiolina Beatriz Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis of jejunal mucosal tissue in breeder hens exposed to acute heat stress.","authors":"Yongcai Zhu, Satoshi Kubota, Phocharapon Pasri, Sitthipong Rakngam, Supattra Okrathok, Chayanan Pukkung, Shenglin Yang, Sutisa Khempaka","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heat stress (HS) severely compromises intestinal barrier function in poultry, resulting in significant production losses. This study aimed to explore the molecular response of the small intestine to acute HS in breeder hens. Fifty 28-week-old breeder hens were raised individually in a cage and randomly assigned to control and heat-treated groups (25 hens each). Control group hens were maintained at thermoneutral conditions (23°C) and heat-treated group hens were subjected to acute HS (36°C for a 6-h). The heart rate and cloacal temperature were measured in all hens. The jejunal mucosa tissues were collected from 12 randomly selected hens per group for transcriptomic analysis. The acute HS induced significant physiological alterations, with a marked increase in the heart rate and cloacal temperature in hens (P = 0.001). Transcriptome analysis revealed 138 genes with altered expression patterns under acute HS conditions. Of these, 75 genes including heat shock proteins (HSPs) showed upregulated expression, while 63 genes including a key bile acid transport molecule (SLC10A2) exhibited downregulated expression. Functional analysis through gene ontology classification, pathway mapping via the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and protein interaction networks identified several important regulatory genes in thermal response (HSPA8 and HSPA2), energy homeostasis and fat metabolism (PDK4, PPARA, and CD36), glucose transport (SLC2A5), and cholesterol synthesis pathway (SQLE, CYP51A1, and HSD17B7). The findings suggest that acute HS might affect energy utilization, fat metabolism, and glucose transport mechanisms in the jejunal mucosa of breeder hens. The upregulation of HSPs appears to serve as a protective mechanism, potentially preserving intestinal nutrient processing capacity under acute HS. These findings provide foundational knowledge for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms governing HS responses in avian intestinal function and may inform strategies for maintaining gut health in commercial poultry operations exposed to environmental challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"104532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and metabolic factors influencing skin yellowness in yellow-feathered broilers.","authors":"Rongqin Huang, Xianqi Deng, Jingwen Wu, Wen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The degree of yellowness of the skin is an important factor affecting the market popularity and sales price of yellow-feathered broilers. Despite its commercial importance, the specific pigments and genetic mechanisms involved remain unclear. This study identified lutein as the primary carotenoid in the skin and established serum lutein concentration as a molecular marker for predicting skin yellowness in carcasses. Through RNA sequencing of broilers with varying yellowness, we identified key genes like CYP26A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C18, CYP2W1, HSD17B2, AOX1, KMO, PLIN1, and RET, which may regulate carotenoid absorption and deposition. Additionally, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the CYP1A1 gene was significantly associated with skin yellowness in Ma-Huang chickens. Overall, this study examined the primary pigment types that influence the skin yellowness of yellow-feathered broilers, emphasizing that lutein can serve as a molecular marker for skin yellowness and providing insights into the regulatory factors that regulate skin yellowness. These findings provide essential theoretical support for the breeding of skin color traits in yellow-feathered broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"104534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of adiponectin on oxidative stress-induced ovarian granulosa cell senescence in geese","authors":"Yan Zheng ,&nbsp;Yunqiao Qiu ,&nbsp;Ming Gao,&nbsp;Qianhui Wang,&nbsp;Lei Yu,&nbsp;Zhongzan Cao,&nbsp;Xinhong Luan","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geese are susceptible to oxidative stress during breeding, leading to senescence of granulosa cells (GCs) and reduced egg production. Adiponectin (ADPN) is a cytokine secreted by adipose tissue that functions to regulate metabolism and antioxidants. However, its role in the regulation of goose GCs is unclear. To investigate this, senescence in primary goose GCs was induced by D-gal and assessed via RT‒qPCR, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and transcriptomics. The effect of ADPN on GC senescence was investigated by overexpressing and knocking down ADPN expression. The results showed that ADPN could alleviate oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest in GCs, reduce the expression of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related genes <em>IL-6</em> and <em>IL-8</em>, regulate the metabolic capacity of GCs, reduce the accumulation of SA-β-gal, maintain telomere length, and alleviate the senescence of GCs induced by D-gal. The RNA-seq results provided further evidence for the regulatory effect of ADPN on GC senescence. ADPN was shown to attenuate oxidative stress-induced GC senescence through the AGE (Advanced glycation end products)-RAGE (Receptor of advanced glycation end products) and NOD-like receptor pathways. These findings may contribute to the development of improved theoretical references for improving egg-laying performance and prolonging the service life of geese.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"Article 104529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benzoic Acid potentiates intestinal IgA response in broiler chickens against Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium infection","authors":"Junpeng Jia,&nbsp;Ruiling Liu,&nbsp;Rongfeng Tang,&nbsp;Jian Lin,&nbsp;Qian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a feed additive, Benzoic Acid (BA) has been demonstrated to significantly enhance feed conversion efficiency, regulate gastrointestinal pH, and improve overall animal health. Young animals, highly susceptible to <em>S.</em> Typhimurium infection, suffer from high mortality rates and substantial economic losses due to this pathogen. Despite promising indications of BA's immunomodulatory potential in boosting intestinal immunity, its underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates how BA strengthens intestinal anti-infection defenses in young animals via immunomodulatory pathways, focusing on its impact on macrophage polarization and IgA-mediated immune responses. Employing in vitro cell experiments and animal models, we examined the macrophage phenotypic alterations following BA treatment. We assessed the expression of immune-related genes in the intestine through immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and quantitative real-time PCR. The results demonstrate that BA promotes M2 macrophage polarization by activating the mTOR/PPAR-γ/STAT3 signaling pathways. Furthermore, BA enhances the intestinal expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (<em>PIgR</em>), B-cell activating factor (<em>BAFF</em>) from the TNF family, and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (<em>AID</em>), thereby enhancing IgA production by B-cells. These results underscore the potential of BA to bolster innate immune functions in young chickens, mitigate intestinal damage caused by <em>S.</em> Typhimurium infection, and ultimately promote both animal health and food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"Article 104505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}