Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Developmental stages of the Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos f. domestica) and the Mulard duck in artificial incubation.","authors":"Magdalena Trela, Weronika Sołtysik, Kamil Kustra, Aleksandra Januszewska, Marcin W Lis","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knowledge of the stages of avian embryo development is essential for the supervision of the incubation process in a hatchery. The hatching eggs of Pekin (Cherry Valley) and Mulard ducks (1800 eggs/breed) were incubated at a gradually decreased temperature (from 37.8 to 36.2°C) and RH 65-60 %. Embryological sampling (3 eggs/breed/collection) was on: 0-4, 5-12 and 3- 28/32 days of incubation (d.i) every 6, 12 h and 24 h, respectively. The incubation of the remaining eggs (2 × 1600 eggs) continued until the ducklings hatched. All discarded during candling and unhatched eggs were breakout analysed. The faster embryo development of Pekin duck in comparison to Mulard was already detected on 1 d.i. Two clear peaks of embryo mortality were observed. However, the 1st peak occurred for Pekin duck between 2 - 3 d.i. (HH 11-17), while for Mulard a critical peak in 4d.i. (HH 16-17). The 2nd peak was found for Pekin duck (17.7 % of all deaths) between 22 and 26 d.i., while for Mulard (57.3 % of all deaths) between 24 - 30 d.i. with the sharp mortality during the external pipping (29 d.i.). From the beginning of incubation, the subsequent stages of embryonic development of the Mulard are observed later than in the Peking duck. Moreover, both breeds of ducks are characterized by the different patterns of the timeline of embryo mortality. For this reason, the incubation program needs to be targeted individually for each with these breeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 8","pages":"105132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144216667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of lipid metabolism imbalance in copper-induced PANoptosis in broiler kidney","authors":"Feiyang Ma ,&nbsp;Yihui Huo ,&nbsp;Jianzhao Liao ,&nbsp;Guangqing Xu ,&nbsp;Zhekai Wang ,&nbsp;Shaojun He","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper (Cu) is widely used in both agriculture and industry and may pose toxic risks to animals and public safety if overused. In order to gain a more profound insight into the nephrotoxic effects of Cu, a detailed analysis was performed of its impact on renal PANoptosis, with particular attention being paid to the possible involvement of lipid metabolism disorders in the kidney. In this study, one-day-old chicks were fed diets with varying Cu levels (11, 110, 220, and 330 mg/kg) over a period of 49 days. Our findings indicated that excessive Cu exposure led to vacuolar degeneration, fibrosis and mitochondrial damage in the kidney. Moreover, the assay results demonstrated that elevated Cu levels led to disturbances in lipid synthesis and catabolism, as well as the activation of lipophagy in broiler kidneys. Concurrently, genetic and protein analysis demonstrated that excess Cu triggered pyroptosis (IL-18, NLRP3, GSDMD, Caspase-1), necrosis (MLKL, Caspase-7, Caspase-8) and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Cleaved-Caspase-9/Caspase-9, Cleaved-Caspase-9/Caspase-9), ultimately resulting in PANoptosis in the chicken kidney. Furthermore, the bioinformatics analysis indicated a correlation between lipid metabolism and PANoptosis-related markers. The aforementioned results indicate that Cu-induced disruption to lipid metabolism may contribute to the process of PANoptosis in broiler kidneys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metagenomics and metabolomic to reveal the effects of dietary comfrey polysaccharides on the oxidative stability and fatty acid composition of egg yolks in laying hens","authors":"Hongmei Shang ,&nbsp;Wenting Gou ,&nbsp;Shaonan Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Yuan ,&nbsp;Zihang Cao ,&nbsp;Yang Guo ,&nbsp;Nanyi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the influences of comfrey (<em>Symphytum officinale</em> L.) polysaccharides (CPs) in the diet of laying hens on the oxidation stability and fatty acid composition of the egg yolks based on metagenomic and metabolomics techniques. Dietary CPs improved the total phenolic content in fresh and stored eggs. The activity of superoxide dismutase was increased, and the content of malondialdehyde was reduced in the stored eggs of the 1.0 % group of CPs. Dietary supplementation with 1.0 % CPs increased some polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents in stored egg yolk, including dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (C20:3n6), arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3). The abundances of <em>Methanobrevibacter, Parabacteroides</em>, and <em>Merdibacter</em> in the caecum were increased in the 1.0 % group of CPs. The content of melatonin was increased, and the contents of palmitic acid and myristic acid in the caecum were decreased by CPs. These results suggested that CPs could improve the antioxidant status and fatty acid composition of egg yolks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the correlation between phenotype, cecal microbiome, and serum metabolome in laying ducks with different shell strength","authors":"Hanxue Sun ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Hu ,&nbsp;Ziqing Li ,&nbsp;Xihuai Xiong ,&nbsp;Tiantian Gu ,&nbsp;Wenwu Xu ,&nbsp;Li Chen ,&nbsp;Yong Tian ,&nbsp;Guoqin Li ,&nbsp;Tao Zeng ,&nbsp;Lizhi Lu ,&nbsp;Fangxiong Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eggshell quality plays a critical role in the poultry industry, influencing both biological and economic outcomes. However, the factors determining eggshell strength in egg-laying ducks remain poorly understood. This study sought to explore phenotypic variations, gut microbiota composition, and serum metabolites in ducks with differing eggshell strengths to identify key microbial and metabolic factors affecting shell integrity. Over four weeks of continuous feeding, 525 eggs were collected over two days and assessed for quality. Ducks were ranked based on shell strength and classified into high eggshell strength (HEG) and low eggshell strength (LEG) groups, with 12 ducks selected from each group (24 total) for analysis of phenotypic traits, gut microbiota, and serum metabolomics. The results revealed that sharp apex thickness, medium zone thickness, and blunt apex thickness were significantly greater in the HEG group than in the LEG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Additionally, shell-breaking strength was markedly higher in HEG ducks (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The HEG group also exhibited significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), catalase (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and total antioxidant capacity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to the LEG group. Conversely, HEG ducks had significantly lower levels of malondialdehyde (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), indicating reduced oxidative stress. Microbiological analysis of cecal contents showed higher Chao1 and Faith_pd indices in the HEG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while Goods coverage indices were elevated in the LEG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The abundances of <em>Firmicutes_A, Desulfobacterota_I, Phocaeicola_A</em>, and <em>Phascolarctobacterium_A</em> were higher in the HEG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas <em>Prevotella</em> abundance was greater in the LEG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Serum metabolomics revealed 1,099 differentially accumulated metabolites between the groups, with 198 metabolites up-regulated and 131 down-regulated in the LEG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified six metabolites enriched in carbon metabolism and three in cation uptake pathways. These findings suggest that differences in eggshell quality and serum antioxidant capacity in Shanma ducks during peak laying may result from the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolites. This hypothesis is supported by the correlation between <em>Firmicutes_A, Prevotella</em>, and the metabolic pathways related to carbon metabolism and mineral absorption. These results provide a theoretical foundation for future duck breeding and selection efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feather growth process of Cherry valley duck embryo Ⅰ: Nonlinear model fitting analysis and feather follicle development detection","authors":"Hong-yi Li ,&nbsp;Cheng-long Jin ,&nbsp;Mei-he Long ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Xue Yang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Shuang Wang ,&nbsp;Wei-guang Xia ,&nbsp;Ya-nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xue-bing Huang ,&nbsp;Kai-chao Li ,&nbsp;Chun-tian Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feathers are defining characteristics of birds, and the specific feather structure of waterfowl contributes to their economic value. In recent years, feather quality has become one of the conventional evaluation indexes of meat ducks. However, a systematic exploration of feather growth patterns in meat ducks is still lacking, and the optimal time points for regulation remain unclear. In this study, Cherry Valley ducks at 11 different embryonic stages were selected to investigate feather growth patterns and feather follicle development procedure. Logistic, Bertalanffy, and Gompertz models were applied for nonlinear regression analysis. Results showed .All three curve models effectively captured the dynamics of feather growth in Cherry Valley ducks during the embryonic period, with goodness-of-fit values exceeding 0.94. Among these models, the Gompertz curve provided the best fit for the feather mass, and the Bertalanffy curve for the feather length in Cherry Valley ducks during embryonic development. Furthermore, embryonic age (E) 18 was identified as a pivotal turning point in feather development.</div><div>The study also observed that both the width and depth of feather follicles increased with advancing embryonic age. Additionally, the diameters and densities of primary and secondary feather follicles exhibited a positive correlation with embryonic age. The application of mathematical models to characterize the developmental patterns of feathers serves as a useful tool for managing feather growth through nutrition and husbandry practices. These findings offer valuable insights for studying the regulation of feather development and addressing feather-related challenges in poultry production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementation of cinnamon and turmeric powder enhances growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, and renal function in broiler chickens","authors":"Khanzada Khan ,&nbsp;Hanan Al-Khalaifah ,&nbsp;Nazir Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Tahir Khan ,&nbsp;Rasha Alonaizan ,&nbsp;Rifat Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Shabana Naz ,&nbsp;Ala Abudabos ,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Alhidary","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of dietary cinnamon and turmeric powder supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, nutrient digestibility, immune response, and renal function in broiler chickens. A total of 300 ROSS 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments: control, 0.5 % cinnamon, 1.0 % cinnamon, 0.5 % turmeric, and 1.0 % turmeric powder, each with six replicates of 10 birds. Birds were reared from day 1 to 42 under standard management, with treatment diets offered from day 6 onwards. Results revealed that birds receiving 1.0 % cinnamon and 1.0 % turmeric exhibited significantly higher body weight gain, feed intake, and improved feed conversion ratio throughout the trial (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). These groups also showed superior carcass traits, including higher dressing percentage and breast/thigh weights, along with reduced abdominal fat. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, fat, and fiber was markedly enhanced in the high-dose groups. Immune response, as assessed by antibody titers against infectious bursal disease (IBD), infectious bronchitis (IB), Newcastle disease (ND), and sheep red blood cells (SRBC), was significantly elevated in the 1.0 % cinnamon and turmeric groups. Additionally, these treatments resulted in significantly lower serum uric acid levels, indicating improved renal function. Overall, the inclusion of 1.0 % cinnamon or turmeric powder improved growth, health, and nutrient utilization in broilers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline immune profiles of local chicken breeds: linking biodiversity, animal health, and vaccination response","authors":"Luise Freier ,&nbsp;Josefine Stuff ,&nbsp;Nina Götzke ,&nbsp;Rudolf Preisinger ,&nbsp;Christian Grund ,&nbsp;Inga Tiemann ,&nbsp;Steffen Weigend ,&nbsp;Ulrike Blohm","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chickens are one of the world’s most important farm animals. With an increasing demand for poultry meat and eggs in recent years, chickens play an essential role in global nutrition and agriculture. However, a severe loss of genetic diversity in livestock has been caused by the focus on high-performance lines, with many traditional and local breeds being threatened with extinction. Although it is assumed that traditional local breeds are more resilient to disease and less susceptible to external influences, little is known about their immunocompetence. This study focuses on the immunological performance of three local chicken breeds (Altsteirer, Bielefelder, and Ramelsloher) in Germany. To evaluate general immunocompetence, blood samples from naïve chicken throughout their lifespan were analyzed by flow cytometry. In adult chickens, minor breed differences were detected regarding the composition of T cell subtypes. However, in day-old chicks the presence of these T cells differs greatly between breeds. To assess the immunological memory after Newcastle Disease Virus vaccination, cellular and humoral immune responses were analyzed. Both, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that the duration of immunity depends on the genetic background. Breed-specific proliferation phenotypes were observed up to tolerance induction in one breed after viral re-stimulation. The immune differences among local chicken breeds can explain their differential response to Newcastle Disease vaccination, providing immune markers for breed selection in organic farming. The results of the present study represent the genetic diversity of chicken breeds and show differences in the immunocompetence of local breeds. Thus, this study provides valuable insights into the genetic variation of immunological traits beyond commercial hybrids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of difloxacin in Sichuan Shelducks after single or multiple dosing","authors":"Yang-Guang Jin ,&nbsp;Fang Yang ,&nbsp;Yu-Rong Yang ,&nbsp;Yue Liu ,&nbsp;Yan-Ni Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Long-Ji Sun ,&nbsp;Shi-Hao Li ,&nbsp;Wen-Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Xing-Ping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated both single and multiple dosing regimens of difloxacin administered via different routes to Sichuan Shelducks: single intramuscular (<strong>sIM</strong>), intravenous (<strong>sIV</strong>), oral gavage (<strong>sPO</strong>), and multiple intramuscular (<strong>mIM</strong>) and oral gavage (<strong>mPO</strong>) administrations. The sIV, sPO, and sIM groups received a single dose of difloxacin at 10 mg/kg body weight (<strong>BW</strong>). The mPO and mIM groups received multiple doses of 10 mg/kg BW at 12-hour intervals: the mPO group received 10 oral doses, and the mIM group received 6 intramuscular doses. Blood samples were collected at various time points from 0 to 48 hours, and plasma concentrations of difloxacin were analyzed using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (<strong>HPLC</strong>) method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using Phoenix software and non-compartmental analysis (<strong>NCA</strong>). The peak plasma concentration (<strong>C_max</strong>) values were 2.05 ± 0.60, 2.26 ± 0.36, 2.81 ± 0.92, and 3.42 ± 0.59 μg/mL for the sPO, sIM, mPO, and mIM groups, respectively, with corresponding peak time (<strong>t_max</strong>) of 0.75 ± 0.17, 0.77 ± 0.26, 0.96 ± 0.61, and 0.65 ± 0.33 hours. The PO and IM bioavailability (<strong>F</strong>) after single administration were 96.00 % ± 22.03 % and 87.62 % ± 9.81 %, respectively. Following single IV administration, difloxacin exhibited extensive distribution, with a volume of distribution (<strong>V_Z</strong>) of 6.12 ± 3.59 L/kg and a steady-state volume of distribution (<strong>V_SS</strong>) of 3.18 ± 1.09 L/kg. Difloxacin was eliminated slowly, with terminal half-lives (<strong>t_1/2λz</strong>) of 10.77 ± 1.78, 4.53 ± 4.44, 4.53 ± 2.97, 6.00 ± 2.00, and 5.33 ± 4.35 hours in the sPO, sIM, sIV, mPO, and mIM groups, respectively. Based on the AUC/MIC ratios, the current single IV and PO dosing regimens, as well as the multiple IM and PO regimens, appear effective against pathogens with MIC values ≤ 0.1 μg/mL. However, the single IM dose of 10 mg/kg BW may be inadequate for treating infections caused by organisms with MIC values &gt; 0.1 μg/mL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression and alternative splicing reveal the co-regulation of host response mechanisms to avian leukosis virus subgroup J-infected in laying hens","authors":"Yalan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yahui Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Miao ,&nbsp;Lujiang Qu ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian leukosis in China has spread from broiler chickens to the local breeds and commercial laying hens. Studying resistance to avian leukosis is important for disease-resistant breeding programs. Gene expression and different transcripts may affect immune function. In this study, we compared five naturally infected Rhode Island Red (<strong>RIR</strong>) hens carrying tumor with five uninfected individuals to explore avian leukosis virus subgroup J (<strong>ALV-J</strong>) induced differences in gene expression and alternative splicing (<strong>AS</strong>) in the liver, spleen caused. Analyses revealed 847, 80 differentially expressed genes (<strong>DEGs</strong>), along with 207, 167 differential alternative splicing genes (<strong>DASGs</strong>) in the liver, spleen respectively. Most differential splicing events involved exon skipping. Although most genes showed no significant expression changes, their protein spatial structures were altered by AS. In the liver, microtubule cytoskeleton-related functions were co-regulated by both gene expression and splicing, with <em>CCSER2</em> and <em>MAPT</em> exhibiting the highest splicing frequency. In the spleen, splicing predominantly affected RNA-processing genes, where <em>PKLR</em> and <em>SRSF7</em> functioned as key regulators. Notably, <em>PKLR</em>-interacting genes (<em>THRSP, ADH1C, AQP3</em>) were significantly downregulated in infected groups, potentially promoting viral replication and tumor proliferation. These findings demonstrate that AS contributes to the host response to ALV-J infection through multiple mechanisms, including protein structural remodeling and dysregulation of coordinated interaction networks. This study provides new insights into the genetic basis of ALV-J resistance in laying hens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an ELISPOT assay for numerating IFN-γ-secreting T cells in chicken using novel monoclonal antibodies","authors":"Zhou Zhou ,&nbsp;Ji Wu ,&nbsp;Huining Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinjie Yuan ,&nbsp;Ye Meng ,&nbsp;Lina Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Hao ,&nbsp;Shaobin Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular immune responses play critical roles in the control of pathogenic infection. The measurement of antigen-specific IFN-γ-secreting T cells via an enzyme-linked immunospot assay (<strong>ELISPOT)</strong> is a valuable method for the evaluation of cellular immune responses. However, in chicken, few of monoclonal antibodies <strong>(mAbs</strong>) against chicken IFN-γ <strong>(chIFN-γ</strong>) are suitable for this application. In this study, three anti-chIFN-γ mAbs (2B10, 3F10, 5A7) were generated by immunization with pcDNA-chIFN-γ plasmid and recombinant Hela cell line stably expressing chIFN-γ (<strong>Hela-chIFN-γ</strong>). Indirect immunofluorescence assay showed that these mAbs specifically recognized eukaryotically-expressed chIFN-γ in DF-1 cells and natural chIFN-γ secreted by mitogen-activated chicken splenocytes. Furthermore, using 3F10 as a capture antibody and biotinylated 5A7 as a detection antibody, an ELISPOT assay was established for numerating IFN-γ-secreting T cells of chicken. This chIFN-γ ELISPOT assay had higher reactivity than a commercially available kit and showed no cross-reactivity with activated lymphocytes from geese and ducks. This assay was further applied to detect the frequency of MDV antigen-specific IFN-γ-secreting T cells in the spleen of CVI988-immunized chickens. Collectively, we developed and validated an ELISPOT assay for detecting IFN-γ-secreting T cells in chickens using novel anti-chIFN-γ mAbs. Our study provides an important immunological tool for in-depth analysis of cellular immune response in chicken after infection or vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 10","pages":"Article 105524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}