Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Environmental contamination and horizontal transmission of Salmonella Enteritidis among experimentally infected layer pullets in indoor cage-free housing","authors":"Richard K. Gast ,&nbsp;Javier S. Garcia ,&nbsp;Rupa Guraya ,&nbsp;Deana R. Jones ,&nbsp;Darrin M. Karcher","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistence and transmission of the egg-associated pathogen <em>Salmonella</em> Enteritidis in laying flocks are significantly influenced by the poultry housing environment. The present study assessed environmental contamination and horizontal transmission of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis within groups of layer pullets in cage-free housing after infection just before the age of sexual maturity. In each of 3 trials, 144 pullets were transferred from a rearing facility at 15 wk of age and randomly distributed between 2 isolation rooms simulating commercial cage-free barns with perches and nest boxes (72 birds/room). One wk after placement in the containment facility, a proportion of the 72 pullets in each room were orally inoculated with approximately 6 × 10⁷ cfu of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis: 1/3 in trial 1, 1/6 in trial 2, and 1/12 in trial 3. At 2 wk post-inoculation in each trial, samples of liver, spleen, and intestinal tract were collected from 40 uninoculated (contact-exposed) birds in each room for bacteriologic culturing to detect horizontal transmission of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis. At 6 intervals between inoculation and necropsy, 5 types of environmental samples (wall dust swab, nest box swab, perch swab, flooring substrate drag swab, and flooring substrate composite) were collected and cultured for <em>S</em>. Enteritidis. The overall frequencies of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis recovery from both environmental samples and internal organs from contact-exposed pullets after initial oral inoculation of 1/3 of the birds in each room (97 % and 75 %, respectively) were significantly greater than after initial infection of 1/6 of the birds (78 % and 58 %), and <em>S</em>. Enteritidis recovery from birds inoculated at a 1/12 proportion (10 % of environmental samples and 18 % of organs) was significantly lower than from the 1/6 inoculation group. Flooring substrate composites were the most efficient environmental sample type for all 3 trials combined (72 % positive), providing significantly better <em>S</em>. Enteritidis recovery than the least efficient samples (flooring substrate drag swabs; 53 % positive). These data suggest that a high frequency of environmental contamination may be an important contributor to horizontal transmission of <em>S</em>. Enteritidis infections among pullets in cage-free housing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant adenovirus expressing pdhβ-pdhD fusion protein produces robust immune responses and partial protection against Mycoplasma Synoviae challenge in chickens","authors":"Li Ying-fen ,&nbsp;Song Chun ,&nbsp;Yue Jun ,&nbsp;Han Shuai-bo ,&nbsp;Chen Yu-jie ,&nbsp;Wen Gui-lan ,&nbsp;Wang Kai-gong ,&nbsp;Shan Chun-lan ,&nbsp;Zhu Er-peng ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhen-tao","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycoplasma synoviae</em> (MS) stands as a pivotal pathogen, responsible for triggering arthritis and airsacculitis in both chickens and turkeys. Given the pressing need for safe and efficacious vaccine candidates, we engineered recombinant adenoviruses expressing a fusion antigen. This antigen consisted of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit beta (pdhβ) and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (pdhD) of MS. We then systematically evaluated the immune effect and protective efficacy of these recombinant adenoviruses against MS challenge in a chicken model. Our results demonstrated the successful construction of recombinant adenoviruses rAd-pdhβ, rAd-pdhD, and rAd-pdhβ-pdhD. The pdhβ, pdhD, and pdhβ-pdhD proteins were efficiently expressed in cells infected with the respective recombinant adenoviruses. Animal experiments further revealed that vaccination with recombinant adenoviruses rAd-pdhβ, rAd-pdhD, and rAd-pdhβ-pdhD elicited significant specific humoral and cellular immune responses (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, rAd-pdhβ-pdhD exhibited superior immunogenicity compared to rAd-pdhβ and rAd-pdhD. Moreover, all three recombinant adenovirus vaccine candidates conferred partial protection to chickens against MS challenge. They effectively alleviated MS-induced footpad and joint swelling, as well as inflammation. Among them, rAd-pdhβ-pdhD demonstrated a better protective effect. In conclusion, vaccination with recombinant adenoviruses rAd-pdhβ, rAd-pdhD, and rAd-pdhβ-pdhD can evoke immune responses and provide partial protection against MS in chickens. In particular, rAd-pdhβ-pdhD holds greater potential as a vaccine candidate against MS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Butyric Acid from Ligilactobacillus animalis 2020MB Acts on Membrane BamA to Control Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli” [Poultry Science 2025 Apr 1;104(6):105119]","authors":"Haichang Yin ,&nbsp;Zunhe Du ,&nbsp;Xinjie Jiang ,&nbsp;Yao Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Jin ,&nbsp;Feng Cong","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feed supplementation with a mixture of C1 to C12 monoacylglycerides increases chicken resistance to Salmonella Enteritidis infection","authors":"Marcela Faldynova ,&nbsp;Jiri Volf ,&nbsp;Daniela Karasova ,&nbsp;Hana Prikrylova ,&nbsp;Alena Sebkova ,&nbsp;Adela Mullerova ,&nbsp;Renata Kucerova ,&nbsp;Sylvie Skalickova ,&nbsp;Ivan Rychlik","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chickens represent one of the most important sources of animal protein for the human population. However, chickens also represent one of the most important reservoirs of <em>Salmonella</em> for humans. Measures to decrease the <em>Salmonella</em> incidence in chickens are therefore continuously sought. In this study, we tested feed supplementation with a mixture of C1 to C12 monoacylglycerides. At 0.7 and 1.5 kg per ton of feed, such supplementation significantly decreased <em>Salmonella</em> counts in the caecum but not in the liver. The chickens were infected on day 4 and the protective effect in the caecum was recorded on day 22 and 23 of life. Supplementation also decreased the inflammatory response of chickens to <em>Salmonella</em> infection determined by avidin, SAA, ExFABP, MMP7, IL1β, IL4I and MRP126 gene expression but did not affect immunoglobulin expression in the caecum. C1 to C12 monoacylglycerides can be used as a feed supplement which, if continuously provided in feed, decrease <em>Salmonella</em> counts in chickens just prior slaughter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of genetic strain on fear and anxiety responses of laying hens housed in a cage-free environment","authors":"Bhavisha P. Gulabrai,&nbsp;Aaron S. Kiess,&nbsp;Kenneth E. Anderson,&nbsp;Allison N. Pullin","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cage-free environments provide more behavioral opportunities for hens than cages, but fear responses in such open housing can lead to injuries and challenging human-animal interactions. This study evaluated the impact of genetic strain on fear and anxiety responses in two brown and one white genetic strain of laying hens: Hy-Line Brown (HB), Bovan Brown (BB), and H&amp;N White (HN). Hens were assessed at the start of lay and peak lay through the inversion and attention bias tests, along with thermal imaging and core body temperature measurements to assess stress-induced hyperthermia. During the inversion test, HB hens performed significantly more wing flaps than other strains (p=0.012), while BB hens exhibited more vocalizations than HN hens (p=0.0041). Thermal imaging revealed that at the start of lay, HB and HN hens had higher maximum comb temperatures than BB hens (p&lt;0.0001), but HB hens had lower temperatures at peak lay (p=0.027). BB and HN hens had higher core body temperatures at 4- and 5-minutes post-inversion (p&lt;0.0001). In the attention bias test, HB and BB hens were more likely to resume eating and showed increased head bobbing as they aged, whereas HN hens were less likely to resume eating but maintained high head bobbing (p=0.017; p=0.00056). BB hens had the lowest average eye and maximum comb temperatures 3.5 to 4.5 min post-startle at the start of lay (p&lt;0.05), white HN hens had the highest average eye and comb temperatures (p&lt;0.0001) and higher average eye temperatures than BB at peak lay (p=0.026). Finally, HN hens had higher core body temperatures than HB hens at both the start of lay and peak lay (p=0.041; p=0.046). These results indicate that brown and white strains differ in their responses to fear and anxiety, with brown strains being more behaviorally responsive and white strains showing greater physiological stress. These strain-specific coping mechanisms provide insight into how hens may react to stressors in cage-free environments, aiding in strain selection for producers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effects of chronic exposure of specific water quality parameters in poultry drinking water on dietary amino acid digestibility and early broiler performance”[Poultry Science, Volume 104/Issue 2/February 2025, 104835]","authors":"Rabin Raut ,&nbsp;Biswajit Kumar Biswas ,&nbsp;Thyneice Taylor-Bowden ,&nbsp;Agnes Kilonzo-Nthenge ,&nbsp;Bharat Pokharel ,&nbsp;Tom Tabler ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Nahashon ,&nbsp;Pramir Maharjan","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of amylase, chromium propionate and their combination supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, serum parameters, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health in yellow feathered broilers","authors":"Kun Chen ,&nbsp;Junran Lv ,&nbsp;Zheng Luo ,&nbsp;Zhuang Liu ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Cen ,&nbsp;Benkuan Li ,&nbsp;Jiancun Ou ,&nbsp;Huihua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To better understand the growth promotion mechanism of amylase and chromium propionate (Cr Prop) and assess their potential synergistic effects, a total of 640 one-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments with eight replicates. The birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with amylase, Cr Prop or a combination of both. The results showed that during the grower, finisher and overall phases, average daily feed intake, final body weight, and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) in the amylase and Cr Prop treatment groups. However, no significant differences (<em>P &gt; 0.05</em>) were observed in carcass traits. Amylase supplementation alone significantly reduced breast muscle drip loss (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). Amylase supplementation significantly increased (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) the concentration of glutathione peroxidase in breast muscle and plasma, as well as catalase in breast muscle, while it decreased (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) catalase in the liver and malondialdehyde in breast muscle. Supplementation with Cr Prop significantly elevated (<em>P &lt; 0.0</em>5) the concentration of glutathione peroxidase in the liver and plasma, as well as the concentration of total superoxide dismutase in the liver, while it reduced (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). the concentration of malondialdehyde in breast muscle. Supplementation with either amylase or Cr Prop significantly increased (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) the levels of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, and total protein, while significantly reducing (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) triglyceride levels. Amylase supplementation alone notably enhanced villus height in both the jejunum and ileum. Furthermore, amylase or Cr Prop significantly upregulated (<em>P &lt; 0.05</em>) the mRNA expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 in the Jejunum. The expression of Zona Occluden-1 was elevated by Cr Prop. However, the expression of Mucin 2 and Zona Occluden-2 remained unaffected. While amylase or Cr Prop supplementation alone could improve the performance and several healthy parameters in yellow-feathered broilers, no synergistic effect was observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, identification, whole genome sequence analysis, and pathogenicity of a potential recombinant goose parvovirus","authors":"Qinghe Zhu,&nbsp;Huinan Li,&nbsp;Hansong Li,&nbsp;Wenfei Bai,&nbsp;Jingxuan Zhou,&nbsp;Ming Liu,&nbsp;Yingying Zhao,&nbsp;Limin Jiang,&nbsp;Ying Sun,&nbsp;Jia Sun,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhao,&nbsp;Jia Hu,&nbsp;Chunqiu Li,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Xing,&nbsp;Dan Yang,&nbsp;Dongbo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Goose parvovirus (GPV) is the etiological agent responsible for gosling plague (GP), which is an acute hemorrhagic infectious disease affecting geese, posing significant economic challenges to the poultry industry. Furthermore, recent studies have identified that the novel goose parvovirus (NGPV), a recombinant variant of the classic GPV, is responsible for duck short beak dwarfism syndrome, which has significantly affected duck farm. Therefore, the infection and genetic evolution of GPV have attracted widespread attention of researchers in poultry disease. In order to clarify the prevalence and genetic evolution of clinically severe GPV in the Heilongjiang region, this study successfully isolated a strain of GPV HLJ2023 from goose embryos, which results in the mortality rate of 100 % after 5 generations. The electron microscope shows that the virus particles are spherical, with a diameter of approximately 28 nm, and HLJ2023 strain has a total genome length of 5048 nt. SimPlot analysis showed that HLJ2023 strain is closely related to duck parvovirus and NGPV in the VP3 gene region. Recombination analysis showed that the isolated strain is a potential recombinant of the NGPV JS191021 strain and the GMD (Goose parvovirus hosted by Muscovy duck) PT strain. the strong pathogenicity of HLJ2023 strain to goslings. 36 h after the challenge, the goslings were depressed and had a mortality rate up to 100 %. Autopsy revealed intestinal bleeding, thinning of the intestinal wall, and a large amount of fibrous clots and fragments in the intestinal cavity. This study isolated a highly pathogenic potential recombinant GPV, further expanding the genetic evolution and pathogenicity information of avian parvovirus. At the same time, the isolated strain provides a candidate strain for the development of biological products for treating GPV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The antioxidative properties of thyme, cinnamon, and pomegranate oils in heat-stressed broilers","authors":"Dingfa Wang ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abdelhameed Mohamed Sayed ,&nbsp;Ali Elsayed Galal ,&nbsp;Abdelraheim Hassan Attaai ,&nbsp;Mohamed Nabil Makled ,&nbsp;Abdalla Hassan Hussein Ali ,&nbsp;Chen Wei ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ahmed Habib ,&nbsp;Mostafa Galal Abdelfattah ,&nbsp;Khaled Abouelezz","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of different feed additives on growth performance and heat stress mitigation in broiler chickens. Three hundred 1-d-old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly allocated into five treatments, each treatment contained six replicates (10 birds/replicate). Treatment 1 (-Control) was fed a basal diet (BD) under thermo-neutral conditions between d 1 and 42 of age. Treatment 2 (+Control) also fed the BD under thermo-neutral conditions from d 1 to 28 of age, followed by exposure to cyclic heat stress (HS; 36°C between 0900 and 1700 h, then to 24°C between 1700 and 0900 h daily) during the fifth week. During the fifth week, Treatments 3, 4, and 5 underwent the same HS regime and fed the same BD containing 15g/kg of thyme oil (<strong>TO</strong>), cinnamon oil (<strong>CO</strong>), and pomegranate oil (<strong>PO</strong>) from d 1 to 42, respectively. Compared to the thermoneutral control, HS control exhibited lower ADFI, higher FCR, increased mortality rate, altered plasma biochemicals, and reduced anti-oxidant capacity. Broilers supplemented with PO showed a 14.4 % increase in final BW and a 25.8 % in ADG during recovery period. FCR was improved by 16.9 %, and mortality dropped to 6 % compared to 10 % in the HS control, suggesting reduced losses under heat stress. TO and CO treatments also showed beneficial effects compared to the HS control group. The supplemented feed additives decreased plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, and malondialdehyde content, while increasing plasma glutathione peroxidase activity and total antioxidant capacity relative to the HS control. TO, CO, and PO treatments exhibited higher plasma superoxide dismutase activity compared to the HS control. All supplemented treatments showed lower H/L ratio compared to HS control (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The PO and TO treatments exhibited an increased jejunal villus/crypt ratio relative to the control groups. In conclusion, supplementing broiler diets with PO, TO, and CO can alleviate heat stress effects, improve growth performance, and potentially boost profitability for poultry farmers, with PO providing the most significant benefits in both thermoneutral and heat stress conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xylanase and stimbiotic supplementation improve broilers performance and nutrient digestibility across both wheat-barley and corn-based diets","authors":"Mehdi Toghyani ,&nbsp;Eunjoo Kim ,&nbsp;Shemil P. Macelline ,&nbsp;Gemma González-Ortiz ,&nbsp;Reza Barekatain ,&nbsp;Sonia Y. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.105224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the effects of supplemental xylanase or stimbiotic in male broiler chickens fed either corn- or wheat-barley-based diets. A total of 1,296 Ross 308 day-old chicks were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial design, evaluating the effects of diet grain source (wheat-barley or corn) and additives (none, xylanase, or stimbiotic). The stimbiotic used in the present study contained xylanase and fermentable xylo-oligosaccharides. Each treatment was replicated 8 times, with 27 birds per replicate pen. At day 21, 3 birds per pen were selected for blood sample collection and another 3 birds at day 27 for digesta collection. The final body weight at day 42 was not statistically affected by grain source, additive supplementation, or their interaction (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Over the entire production period (0–42 d), an interaction between grain source and additive supplementation was found for feed conversion ratio (FCR), where xylanase or stimbiotic improved the FCR across the diet type, with a more pronounced improvement achieved when supplemented to the wheat-barley based diets (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). A feed grain × additive interaction resulted in lower total feed intake in birds fed the wheat-barley based diets only in response to stimbiotic (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Ileal viscosity was also affected by an interaction between grain source and additive supplementation, in which viscosity reduction by xylanase or stimbiotic was only achieved in birds fed the wheat-barley based diets (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Similarly, an interaction was found in the ileal digestibility coefficient of protein (<em>P</em> = 0.016) and starch (<em>P</em> = 0.006), where either xylanase or stimbiotic improved the digestibility only in birds offered the wheat-barley based diets. Serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran level was higher in birds fed the corn-based diets compared to those fed the wheat-barley based diets (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with either xylanase or stimbiotic improved feed efficiency, regardless of the dietary grain source, likely through enhanced nutrient digestibility and/or reduced digesta viscosity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 7","pages":"Article 105224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}