Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Soil incorporation of Superabsorbent Hydrogels to counteract water scarcity: Modelling tree physiological and biochemical response","authors":"Tommaso Frioni,&nbsp;Pier Giorgio Bonicelli,&nbsp;Clara Ripa,&nbsp;Stefano Poni","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superabsorbent Hydrogels are materials capable of absorbing significant amounts of water as compared to their mass. In view of climate change constraints, the use of new Hydrogels is gaining interest, but little is known about their effects on tree physiology when incorporated at transplanting. The goal of the work was to determine the effects of the incorporation of a potassium polyacrylate based Hydrogel to the soil (SH) of potted grapevines, modeling their physiological answer as compared to untreated Controls (CON). We aimed to understand if their use could benefit plant water status and physiological performances before, during, and after a progressive water deficit.</div><div>The application of Hydrogel significantly affected soil hydrology, increasing field capacity, wilting point and maximum available content (from 23 % to 42 % of total soil moisture). When irrigation was reduced, soil water potential (Ψ) and vine midday stem Ψ decline were postponed in SH (by about two days). In SH vines, the biosynthesis of leaf proline and hydrogen peroxide was reduced or prevented as compared to CON, and at re-watering SH vines had significantly higher photosynthetic rates (+8.95 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) and Fv/Fm (+34 %). As a result, at the end of the experiment SH vines marked a significantly higher vine leaf area (+8.2 %) and third internode diameter (+29.8 %). Overall, Hydrogels were effective in changing vine water status and physiological performances either under full irrigation or under reduced water availability. The results pave the way for the implementation of their use at transplanting to reduce orchard and vineyard water footprint and increase their resilience to drought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 109775"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesized Fe-C-dots nanozymes modulate growth, physiological and phytochemical peculiarity to improve saline-alkaline stress tolerance in wheat","authors":"Keyu Chen ,&nbsp;Ming Hao ,&nbsp;Tao Yuan ,&nbsp;Songyue Chai ,&nbsp;Gehong Su ,&nbsp;Chun Wu ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Sun ,&nbsp;Yanying Wang ,&nbsp;Shiling Feng ,&nbsp;Dengcai Liu ,&nbsp;Hanbing Rao ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology has shown great potential to improve agricultural production and increase crop tolerance to abiotic stresses, including saline-alkaline environments. This study focuses on the biological mechanism of biocompatible iron-doped carbon dots (Fe-C-dots) nanozyme biosynthesized from artemisinin extract to alleviate saline-alkaline stress in wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.). Particularly, Fe-C-dots with two types of natural enzyme mimicking properties, target reactive oxygen species (ROS) to assuage oxidative damage and to enhance the antioxidant capacity of enzyme-activated systems. Exogenous application of Fe-C-dots (50 mg/L) significantly promoted wheat growth and increased photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency. At the molecular level, Fe-C-dots treatment activated the nitrogen metabolism pathway of roots, up-regulated the expression of related genes <em>OsNRT2.1</em>, <em>OsGS1</em>, and <em>NADH-GOGAT</em>, and promoted the accumulation of nitrogen in wheat. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses reveal that Fe-C-dots triggered metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming in wheat seedlings. Besides, Fe-C-dots activated stress signaling and defense-related pathways, such as plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK, and photosynthesis signaling pathways, the cutin, suberin, wax, flavonoids, and phenolic acids biosynthesis. Importantly, compared to the control group, the application of Fe-C-dots under saline-alkaline stress increased the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) in wheat shoots by 77.5 %, and 78.6 %, respectively. These findings suggested that Fe-C-dots can improve root nitrogen metabolism and stem photosynthesis of wheat, as well as the synthesis of related stress-resistant compounds to cope with the damage of saline-alkaline stress on wheat growth. However, further studies are needed to explore the effectiveness of Fe-C-dots in wheat yield and quality evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109777"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional characterization of MYB genes regulating polyphenol biosynthesis in cabbage for resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris","authors":"Zhibin Yue ,&nbsp;Guobin Zhang ,&nbsp;Sezai Ercisli ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Jue Wang ,&nbsp;Jinbao Li ,&nbsp;Tongyan Chen ,&nbsp;Zeci Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cabbage (<em>Brassica oleracea</em> L. var. <em>capitata</em>) is a vital leafy vegetable, but its production is frequently impacted by <em>Xanthomonas campestris</em> pv. <em>campestris</em> (<em>Xcc</em>). The MYB family is one of the most abundant families involved in plant responses to biotic stresses. However, genome-wide identification of MYB and their roles in regulating phenolic synthesis during <em>Xcc</em> resistance have not been previously reported in cabbage. The present investigation reports a total of 322 <em>BoMYB</em> genes. Transcriptome data revealed that 37 <em>BoMYBs</em> were significantly upregulated upon <em>Xcc</em> infection. Concurrently, an increase in polyphenol content was observed, suggesting a pivotal role of polyphenols in <em>Xcc</em> resistance. Based on phylogenetic relationships and qRT-PCR analysis, <em>BoMYB108</em> was identified as a candidate gene potentially involved in early resistance to <em>Xcc</em> by regulating polyphenol biosynthesis. Overexpression and silencing experiments were conducted to validate the function of <em>BoMYB108</em>. Overexpression of <em>BoMYB108</em> significantly enhanced the accumulation of phenolic acids, while silencing resulted in the opposite effect. Furthermore, increased phenolic acid levels were associated with reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. These findings indicate that <em>BoMYB108</em> promotes phenolic acid biosynthesis and mitigates ROS accumulation under <em>Xcc</em> stress, thereby alleviating <em>Xcc</em>-induced damage. In summary, this study provides a valuable data resource for the MYB gene family in cabbage and establishes a theoretical foundation for understanding the phenolic-based mechanisms of Xcc resistance in brassicaceous vegetables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109714"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis provides insights into ABA alleviating postharvest physiological deterioration of cassava","authors":"Xiaoxue Ye ,&nbsp;Junchao Xing ,&nbsp;Xiangru Tao ,&nbsp;Yan Yan ,&nbsp;Yu Li ,&nbsp;Zhengnan Xie ,&nbsp;Jinghao Yang ,&nbsp;Liwang Zeng ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Meiying Li ,&nbsp;Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Naifang Fu ,&nbsp;Zhongqing Wan ,&nbsp;Hua Kong ,&nbsp;Jianqiu Ye ,&nbsp;Wei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cassava, a staple crop in tropical regions, suffers from rapid postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD), limiting its shelf life. Although abscisic acid (ABA) has shown potential in alleviating PPD, the underlying regulatory pathways remain largely unexplored. In this study, physiological assays demonstrated that exogenous ABA alleviated PPD in cassava by decreasing H₂O₂ content. Temporal-resolution transcriptome analyses identified gene expression changes in cassava tuberous roots during PPD, with 1,338, 2,718, and 5543 genes differentially expressed after 6, 12, and 48 h of treatment, respectively. GO enrichment analysis revealed that ABA-induced DEGs exhibited functions such as response to oxygen radical, lignin metabolic process, and positive regulation of signal transduction. Co-expression network analysis identified three significant gene modules comprising 167 transcription factors (TFs) from 28 families, with 17 TFs predicted to regulate six key antioxidant enzyme genes through corresponding promoter motifs. The upregulated expression of these genes was subsequently validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase assays provided direct evidences that MeMYB114 and MeHAT22 regulate the expression of <em>MePOD10</em>, while MeERF110, MeWRKY057, and MeHAT22 were shown to activate <em>MePOD18</em> expression. These findings indicate that MeMYB114/MeHAT22/MeERF110/MeWRKY057-MePOD pathway is a crucial component involved in ABA-regulated PPD alleviation in cassava.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109773"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of low temperature acclimation on developmental regulation of redox responses and phytohormones metabolism in lines of crosses between spring and winter wheat","authors":"Seyed Javad Davarpanah ,&nbsp;Reza Maali-Amiri ,&nbsp;Karim Parastouei","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low temperature (LT) acclimation in winter wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) was related to developmental regulation of transcriptome and metabolome for balancing growth and responses. In this study, six wheat lines from the F8 generation, derived from crosses between spring wheat (Pishtaz) and winter wheat (Claire) with distinct growth habits (based on the <em>Vrn-1</em> loci) were planted under field conditions. The final leaf number (FLN) and double ridge (DR) formation showed that genotypes without vernalization requirement, including Pishtaz parent, and lines 8041 and 8044 transitioned rapidly into the reproductive stage. They also had lower LT tolerance, antioxidants activity and abscisic acid (ABA) content among genotypes. In these genotypes, cytokinin (CK) and gibberellin (GA3) contents and expression levels of gibberellin 20 oxidase (<em>GA20ox</em>) and gibberellin 3 oxidase (<em>GA3ox</em>) genes, were more active than other genotypes. Facultative lines 8020 and 8025 had higher antioxidants activity and lower hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents compared to spring types. Winter genotypes, including Claire parent, lines 8011 and 8015 had a strong vernalization requirement resulted in prolonged vegetative phase, accompanied by increased LT tolerance, antioxidants activity and expression of ABA biosynthetic genes, confirming that the duration of the vegetative phase plays a key role in determining wheat's winter survival capacity. Higher LT tolerance was effectively related to retarded reproductive phase, minimized redox damages through co-regulating phytohormone-metabolites under developmental periods in winter wheat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109740"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root-zone oxygen supply mitigates waterlogging stress in tomato by enhancing root growth, photosynthetic performance, and antioxidant capacity","authors":"Geng Li ,&nbsp;Hongyu Cheng ,&nbsp;Changhong Qiao ,&nbsp;Jie Feng ,&nbsp;Ping Yan ,&nbsp;Runya Yang ,&nbsp;Jianqiang Song ,&nbsp;Junna Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water-air coupled oxygen supply to the root zone can significantly enhance crop yield and quality under non-waterlogged conditions. However, its impact on crops subjected to waterlogging-induced hypoxia remains unclear. In this study, tomatoes were chosen as the model crop due to their economic value and sensitivity to waterlogged conditions. Two tomato cultivars, “Micro-Tom” and “Omanda-3,” were subjected to waterlogging and treated with varying levels of water-air coupled oxygen supply. The results demonstrated that supplying 25 mL or 50 mL of air per plant to the root zone significantly improved biomass compared to waterlogged plants without additional oxygen. Notably, root dry weight increased by over 73.0% in both varieties. Root morphological analysis revealed that oxygen supply in the root zone greatly promoted root growth, with marked increases in surface area (149.7%), root length (181.2%), fork number (198.4%), and tip number (165.4%). Furthermore, photosynthesis and antioxidant assays showed substantial increases in the leaf net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, as well as catalase and peroxidase activity in response to oxygen supply. Consequently, fruit yield increased by 86.2% in Micro-Tom and 24.3% in Omanda-3. In conclusion, oxygen supplementation through the water-air coupling technique effectively enhanced root growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant capacity in waterlogged tomato plants, alleviating hypoxic stress and associated yield losses. These findings offer a theoretical basis and practical recommendations for managing waterlogged farmland in diverse agricultural contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109744"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and characterization of CsHSP60 gene family associated with heat and drought responses in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)","authors":"Anru Zheng ,&nbsp;Caiyun Tian ,&nbsp;Chengzhe Zhou ,&nbsp;Niannian Yang ,&nbsp;Shengjing Wen ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Hu ,&nbsp;Zhendong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Fang ,&nbsp;Zhongxiong Lai ,&nbsp;Yuqiong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat and drought are the stressors with significant adverse impacts on the yield stability of tea plants. The heat shock proteins 60 (HSP60s) play important roles in protecting plants under heat stress. However, the mechanism of HSP60s under heat and drought stresses remains unclear. Here, we identified 19 <em>CsHSP60s</em> (namely <em>CsHSP60-1</em> to <em>CsHSP60-19</em>) in tea plants and classified them into three groups based on phylogenetic analysis. In addition, studies on gene duplication events during the evolutionary process demonstrated that <em>CsHSP60</em> members were subjected to purify selection. Analysis of <em>cis</em>-acting elements revealed the presence of numerous stress and hormone-responsive elements within the promoter regions of <em>CsHSP60s</em>. Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses demonstrated that <em>CsHSP60s</em> rapidly responded to heat and combined heat and drought stress while exhibiting a delayed response to drought stress. The inhibition of eight <em>CsHSP60</em> genes via antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AsODN) resulted in more severe damage and ROS accumulation. Specifically, <em>CsHSP60-9</em>, <em>CsHSP60-16</em>, and <em>CsHSP60-19</em> exhibited notable reductions in Fv/Fm values and displayed increased accumulation of H₂O₂ and O₂^·-. These observations indicated a potential role for <em>CsHSP60</em> in mitigating ROS accumulation under stress conditions, thereby enhancing tea plants' resilience to heat and drought stresses. Using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay, we identified that CsHSP60-2 and CsHSP60-16 physically interact with CsCPN10-4 and CsCPN10-5, respectively. These interactions suggest a cooperative chaperone activity between CsHSP60 and CsCPN10 in response to combined heat and drought stress. These findings lay a foundation for further understanding the involvement of <em>HSP60s</em> in the tolerance mechanisms to compound heat and drought stresses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109758"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of pepper DREB family members and biological function of CaDREB32 in response to salt and osmotic stresses","authors":"Nan Sun ,&nbsp;Xuening Sun ,&nbsp;Jiale Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhenbiao Gao ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Xin Xu ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Dong Li ,&nbsp;Renhui Zhan ,&nbsp;Limin Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxia Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dehydration response element binding (DREB) transcription factors play multiple roles in plant growth, development and response to abiotic stress. However, their biological functions in response to salt and osmotic stress in vegetables of the Solanaceae family are largely unclear. Here, 49 <em>CaDREB</em> genes classified into six groups were identified in the pepper genome. They showed high conservation in gene structure, with four tandem and six segmental duplications occurred during gene expansion, and various stress and hormone response, light and development-related <em>cis</em>-acting elements identified in their promoters. Transcription analyses demonstrated that they were all constitutively expressed in different organs, and were upregulated by both salt and osmotic stresses. Heterologous expression of <em>CaDREB32</em> in tobacco restrained the normal growth, but increased the resistance of transgenic plants to salt and osmotic stresses. Further physiochemical analyses revealed that constitutive expression of <em>CaDREB32</em> increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, and proline, total soluble sugar and chlorophyll, but decreased malondialdehyde, H₂O₂, and O₂^.- contents, accompanied with up-regulated expression of stress-related genes, in the leaves of transgenic plants under salt and osmotic stress conditions. Our results will provide insight into the possible biological functions of DREB family members in pepper, and theoretical guidance for the potential application of this family to the genetic breeding of new pepper cultivars with enhanced abiotic stress resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109736"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trimethylamine-N-oxide enhances drought tolerance in Eucalyptus by increasing photosynthesis","authors":"Hao Li ,&nbsp;Hong-Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Shu-Ying Wei,&nbsp;Rui-Quan Wang,&nbsp;Jiu-Jiu Zhao,&nbsp;Xiang Xiang,&nbsp;Peng Yang,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Ting Wang,&nbsp;Jin liang Huang,&nbsp;Han Bo Yang,&nbsp;Xue-Qin Wan,&nbsp;Liang-Hua Chen,&nbsp;Fang He","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress significantly reduces agricultural productivity, threatening global food security and timber production. Although trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been shown to enhance drought tolerance in plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato, the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which it regulates drought tolerance in plants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic changes in Eucalyptus under drought stress following exogenous TMAO treatment. Physiological analyses showed that TMAO treatment improved the drought resistance of Eucalyptus, and the optimal application concentration was 10 mM. Under drought stress, exogenous TMAO reduced the malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage in Eucalyptus leaves, and maintained the stability of the cell membrane. At the same time, TMAO maintained the stability of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and regulates stomatal aperture, which results in a 59% increase in the net photosynthetic efficiency of Eucalyptus under drought. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that TMAO activated pathways for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism, and influenced the drought resistance of Eucalyptus by regulating the expression of genes such as Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), photosystem II reaction center PSB28 protein (Psb28), and FTSH protease 1 (FTSH1), thereby mediating the growth and development of Eucalyptus and its adaptation to adverse conditions. The findings of this study provide an important theoretical basis for using exogenous substances to alleviate plant stress under drought conditions and lay the foundation for exploring the use of exogenous substances in forestry and agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109768"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaseous exchange-dependent in vitro culture extensively alters plant growth and metabolic landscape revealed by comprehensive metabolomics","authors":"Anoop Kumar Verma ,&nbsp;Poonam Rakwal ,&nbsp;Rama Pandey ,&nbsp;Nichole Birse ,&nbsp;CH Ratnasekhar","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A complex interplay of environmental factors profoundly influences plant cellular metabolism, with gaseous exchange serving as a fundamental physiological process critical to growth and survival. While well-characterized in natural environments, the role of gaseous exchange in plant <em>in-vitro</em> culture remains underexplored. Plant <em>in-vitro</em> culture offers a versatile platform for studying metabolism, where metabolic networks are highly flexible and sensitive to environmental factors. Despite advancements in understanding these dynamics, there has been relatively little investigation into how gaseous exchange within tissue culture systems affects cellular metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the effects of gaseous exchange on plant growth and metabolism by comparing traditional Parafilm- and micropore-tape-based cultures designed to facilitate different levels of gaseous exchange. A comprehensive metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed to delineate the metabolic changes in <em>Arabidopsis</em> under Parafilm- and micropore-tape-sealed culture conditions at two and three weeks of growth. Metabolic profiling identified increased levels of oxidized glutathione, arginine, ornithine, and aspartic acid, and decreased levels of TCA cycle intermediates and phenylpropanoid metabolites, indicating that restricted gas exchange alters the redox status and reprograms primary and secondary metabolism. This reprogramming affected amino acid metabolism, arginine metabolism, energy metabolism, as well as phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. Restricted gaseous exchange in Parafilm-wrapped cultures also led to altered accumulation of several essential macro- and microelements in <em>Arabidopsis seedlings</em>. The present study demonstrated that restricted gaseous exchange inhibits plant growth and disrupts metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109765"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}