Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"The impact of high-light stress on the physiology and transcriptome of Pterocladiella capillacea","authors":"Hongyan Cai ,&nbsp;Zhengwen Lv ,&nbsp;Jun Zeng ,&nbsp;Nenghui Li ,&nbsp;Hang Li ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Huaqiang Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pterocladiella capillacea</em>, a subtropical red alga rich in bioactive compounds, holds significant pharmaceutical value and is widely distributed in intertidal and subtidal rocky reefs. However, the natural biomass of this species declines due to climate change and anthropogenic activities, posing challenges to its aquaculture and commercial exploitation. High-light stress represents a critical environmental factor affecting its growth and reproduction, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of high-light stress on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, physiological indices, and transcriptomic profiles of <em>P. capillacea</em> collected from Naozhou Island, Zhanjiang. Results reveal that high-light stress significantly perturbs chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic rates, photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis, malondialdehyde content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmolyte accumulation. The transcriptomic analysis identifies 2,281, 7,640, and 8800 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under 120 μmol m⁻²s⁻¹, 300 μmol m⁻²s⁻¹, and 500 μmol m⁻²s⁻¹ treatments, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis (GO and KEGG) highlighted DEGs primarily involved in photosynthesis, antioxidant systems, sucrose/starch metabolism, and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Temporal expression pattern analysis further uncovered five distinct gene expression trends associated with increasing light intensity. These findings provide novel insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying high-light tolerance in <em>P. capillacea</em>, offering a theoretical foundation for future molecular breeding programs to improve stress resilience in this economically important alga.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109900"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elicitor-mediated enhancement of rosmarinic acid biosynthesis in cell suspension cultures of Lavandula angustifolia and in vitro biological activities of cell extracts","authors":"Bo Ryeong Kim ,&nbsp;Yu Jeong Jeong ,&nbsp;Soyoung Kim ,&nbsp;Se Bin Kim ,&nbsp;Jiyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Ok Ran Lee ,&nbsp;Kwang Dong Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Cheol Jeong ,&nbsp;Byung Wook Yang ,&nbsp;Cha Young Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Lavandula angustifolia</em> is widely reported for its biological activities and essential compounds. However, research confirming the physiological activities of <em>L. angustifolia</em> cell suspension culture extracts is limited. In this study, a high-yield method utilizing elicitation techniques was developed, specifically aimed at enhancing the production of rosmarinic acid (RA) in <em>L. angustifolia</em> cell suspension cultures. Among the various elicitors tested, methyl jasmonate (MJ) treatment was the most effective in enhancing RA production. The highest RA production [16.4 mg/g dry weight (DW)] was observed in cell suspension cultures treated with 100 μM MJ for 3 days. MJ application activated the expression of structural genes (<em>PAL</em>, <em>C4H</em>, 4CL, <em>TAT</em>, <em>HPPR</em>, <em>AAT1</em>, and <em>CYP450</em>) involved in the RA biosynthetic pathway, thereby significantly enhancing RA production. Furthermore, extracts from MJ-treated cell cultures grown in a 1-ton bioreactor exhibited significantly high antioxidant activity, inhibition of melanin synthesis, and enhanced procollagen synthesis. These findings not only demonstrate the feasibility of large-scale cultures of MJ-treated <em>L. angustifolia</em> cells but also highlight their industrial potential for applications in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109896"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The teamwork of melatonin, ethylene and H2S in abiotic stress adaptation in plants","authors":"Sheen Khan,&nbsp;Ameena Fatima Alvi,&nbsp;Nafees A. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abiotic stresses significantly reduce plant growth and productivity, challenging agricultural sustainability. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to counter these stresses, including antioxidant defences, biochemical changes, and hormonal signaling. Among these, the hormone melatonin (MT) and signaling molecules, ethylene (ET) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), play pivotal roles, interacting in complex ways that modulate stress responses. Melatonin, known for its antioxidant properties, interacts with ET pathways to regulate its production. While ET is essential for stress signaling, its overproduction can exacerbate oxidative damage, and MT helps modulate ET levels to prevent such detrimental effects. Moreover, MT regulates H₂S synthesis by activating L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD) and D-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD), enhancing its protective effects under stress. Hydrogen sulfide supports MT synthesis, indicating a bidirectional relationship. Evidence suggests that H₂S plays a role in fine-tuning ET levels under stress conditions, supporting optimal signaling for resilience. This review explores the intricate interactions among MT, ET, and H₂S, shedding light on potential crosstalk mechanisms that strengthen plant stress tolerance, aiming to enhance crop resilience through targeted manipulation of these pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109889"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional analysis of wheat lincRNAs in response to Fusarium graminearum infection","authors":"Chang Su ,&nbsp;Xue Li ,&nbsp;Ye Dong ,&nbsp;Bimpong Daniel ,&nbsp;Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Yujun Xing ,&nbsp;Dongfang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intergenic long non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) have recently been recognized as pivotal regulators in plant-pathogen interactions. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms of lincRNAs responding to <em>Fusarium graminearum</em> (<em>F. graminearum</em>) infection remain largely unexplored. Here, we performed time-series transcriptome profiling (0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-inoculation) and systematic identification of lincRNAs. A total of 1238 expressed lincRNAs were identified, among which 548 were differentially expressed lincRNAs during the time course of <em>F. graminearum</em> infection<em>.</em> We further predicted <em>cis</em>-regulatory lincRNA-mRNA pairs, comprising 347 lincRNAs and potential 1015 target genes, which were found to be mainly involved in amino acid metabolism and biosynthetic pathways. Moreover, 19 lincRNAs were predicted as putative precursors or endogenous target mimics of miRNAs. Subsequently, we verified that two lincRNAs, <em>MSTRG.6494</em> and <em>MSTRG.32080</em>, showed strong transcriptional responses to <em>F. graminearum</em> infection by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) screening. Silencing <em>MSTRG.6494</em> reduced the expression level of defense-related genes, resulting in reduced resistance to fungal pathogenicity. Meanwhile, the expression level of the potential target gene ATP synthase subunit beta (<em>TaATP2</em>) was significantly decreased in <em>MSTRG.6494</em>-silenced plants infected with <em>F. graminearum.</em> Overall, we performed the genome-wide identification of lincRNAs and their possible regulatory networks during <em>F. graminearum</em> infection-related process, confirming that <em>MSTRG.6494</em> participates in wheat resistance to <em>F. graminearum</em>, may be via targeting TaATP2 to enhance defense responses. Our findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism of lincRNAs for <em>Fusarium</em> head blight (FHB) resistance, suggesting this mechanism as an essential strategy for protecting wheat from <em>F. graminearum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen sulfide improves photosynthetic efficiency by regulating light energy dissipation and reversible phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins in rice under salt stress","authors":"Shuai Lin ,&nbsp;Yu Duan ,&nbsp;Hao-Tian Mao ,&nbsp;Shu Yuan ,&nbsp;Ming Yuan ,&nbsp;Rong-Qian Yang ,&nbsp;Yan-Qiu Su ,&nbsp;Yang-Er Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) has been regarded as a small gasotransmitter associated with physiological and biochemical regulation in plant responses to environmental stresses. However, the regulatory mechanisms of H₂S in photosynthesis under adverse conditions remains poorly understood in plants. Here, the role of H₂S in the regulation of photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) was investigated in rice seedlings subjected to salt stress. Our results showed that NaHS (H₂S donor) pretreatment significantly enhanced photosynthetic pigment content, gas exchange parameters, and the photochemical capacity of both PSI and PSII, while the application of H₂S scavenger hypotaurine (HT) or inhibitor hydroxylamine (HA) with NaHS resulted in the decline in photosynthetic efficiency in rice under salt stress. NaHS-pretreated plants displayed the rapid energy dissipation and an elevated electron transport rate (ETR), whereas HA and HT treatments further suppressed these processes under salt stress. Furthermore, we found that the protective mechanism of H₂S against salt stress was associated with the elevated levels of several PSII proteins, rapidly reversible phosphorylation of thylakoid proteins, and the stabilization of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes and PSI-PSII dimers. Collectively, our results demonstrate that H₂S can contribute to salt tolerance of photosynthetic machinery by optimizing electron transport efficiency and the coordinated regulation of PSII protein phosphorylation in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109908"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The function of CC-type glutaredoxins in salt-induced flower drop in tomato","authors":"Siqi Ge ,&nbsp;Sai Wang ,&nbsp;Ruizhen Li ,&nbsp;Mingfang Qi ,&nbsp;Tao Xu ,&nbsp;Lina Cheng ,&nbsp;Tianlai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt stress significantly induces the abscission of flowers and fruits, resulting in a reduction in crop yields and posing a threat to food security. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the abscission triggered by salt stress remain poorly understood. In our study, the effects of different NaCl concentrations on the growth of tomato plants and flower drop were investigated. The results showed that 200 mM NaCl inhibited the growth of tomato plants and accelerated the flower drop of tomato plants. Through an RNA-Seq assay, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the abscission zone (AZ) under control and salt stress treatment conditions were screened. Among DEGs, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway in the gene ontology (GO) analysis, which was consistent with the increase in ROS content in the AZ under salt treatment. Salt stress significantly induced the expression of CC-type <em>SlGRXs</em> in the AZ. Overexpression of <em>SlGRX16</em> significantly inhibited the content of ROS in AZ and salt stress-induced flower drop. These results provide new insights and basic data for understanding the mechanisms of salt-stress-induced flower drop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109906"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockout of OsPHT4;4 enhances thiamethoxam accumulation in rice stems for improved brown planthopper control","authors":"Yuyan Xiao ,&nbsp;Shuqi Deng ,&nbsp;Tinghong Huang ,&nbsp;Zepu Li ,&nbsp;Hanlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Keyi Wang ,&nbsp;Takashi Akihiro ,&nbsp;Chunsheng Jia ,&nbsp;Fei Lin ,&nbsp;Hanhong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phosphate transporter PHT4 plays a crucial role in nutrient transport within plants. In addition to this fundamental functions, PHT4 may also participate in the uptake and translocation of other compounds, such as ascorbate. However, only a few studies have characterized the functional roles of PHT4. In this study, we identified and functionally characterized the role of the phosphate transporter <em>OsPHT4;4</em> in thiamethoxam (THX) uptake and transport in rice. Heterologous expression experiments in yeast and <em>Xenopus laevis</em> oocytes (<em>X. laevis</em> oocytes) demonstrated that <em>OsPHT4;4</em> significantly enhanced THX accumulation in cells. The OsPHT4; 4 proteins contained 11 transmembrane helices and localized primarily to the plasma membrane (PM) and chloroplast envelope. Knockout of <em>OsPHT4;4</em> reduced the efficiency of THX translocation from stems to leaves, resulting in significant THX accumulation in the stems, which enhanced control of the brown planthopper (BPH), but had no effect on root-to-stem translocation. In contrast, overexpression of <em>OsPHT4;4</em> increased THX translocation to the leaves, reduced THX accumulation in the stems, and thereby weakened the pest control effect on BPH. Our results indicate that <em>OsPHT4;4</em> plays a key role in the specific distribution of THX, contributing to pest management while also affecting plant growth. These findings provide a foundation for optimizing pesticide usage in crop management by balancing pest control effectiveness and plant health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109910"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wheat YSL15-6B underlies grain cadmium concentration via governing cadmium export","authors":"Qin Yao ,&nbsp;Miao He ,&nbsp;Jia Chen ,&nbsp;Yueying Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Li ,&nbsp;Yiran Cheng ,&nbsp;Dan Long ,&nbsp;Jian Zeng ,&nbsp;Dandan Wu ,&nbsp;Lina Sha ,&nbsp;Xing Fan ,&nbsp;Houyang Kang ,&nbsp;Haiqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonghong Zhou ,&nbsp;Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal for all organisms. Increasing of wheat grain accumulates Cd posing a serious risk to human health. Thus, reducing grain Cd concentration of wheat is urgently required for food security and human health. Here, we found a wheat yellow stripe-like protein 15 (YSL15-6B) governs grain Cd concentration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The expression pattern, subcellular localization, Cd transport activity and Cd accumulation in mutant and overexpressing lines of wheat YSL15-6B were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>TpYSL15-6B</em>, cloned from Dwarf Polish wheat (<em>Triticum polonicum</em> L. 2n = 4x = 28, AABB), was mainly expressed in roots and leaves. Its protein was localized at the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane in protoplast. Expression of <em>TpYSL15</em> in yeast increased Cd concentration under Cd-NA stress. Loss-of-function of <em>TtYSL15-6B</em> in ‘Kronos’ increased Cd uptake, root-to-shoot Cd translocation, and grain Cd concentration. Meanwhile, <em>Ttysl15-6B</em> mutant line exhibited up-regulation of <em>TtNRAMP5</em> and <em>TtHMA2</em>, and down-regulation of <em>TtZIP1</em> when compared with the wide type. Overexpression of <em>TpYSL15</em><em>-6B</em> in rice caused Cd exporting from roots, and limited root-to-shoot Cd translocation and grain Cd concentration. <em>TpYSL15-6B</em>-overexpressing lines showed up-regulation of <em>OsZIP1</em> and <em>OsABCG36</em>, and down-regulation of <em>OsIRT1</em> and <em>OsNRAMP2</em> when compared with the wide type ZH11.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>wheat <em>YSL15-6B</em> governs Cd export from plant. These results provide a new gene and insight for limiting grain Cd concentration in wheat and the physiological pathway of Cd transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 109907"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ABC transporters and their epigenetic regulation under drought stress in chickpea","authors":"Sheel Yadav ,&nbsp;Gopal Kalwan ,&nbsp;Sarvajeet Singh Gill ,&nbsp;P.K. Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum</em> L.) is a globally essential pulse crop, providing dietary protein for millions. However, it suffers significant yield losses due to drought stress, therefore, identification of genes that confer drought tolerance is crucial. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are vital proteins in plant growth and development, facilitating the transport of phytohormones like abscisic acid (ABA) that helps plants adapt to drought conditions. In this study, we identified 121 ABC transporter genes in chickpea, categorized into eight subfamilies. Consistent with other crops, the CaABCG family was the largest, with 48 members, while the CaABCE family had only one protein. Structural analysis revealed a conserved domain organization, including Walker A and B motifs and the ABC signature motif. Both segmental and tandem duplications were observed, with the highest duplication in the CaABCG and CaABCC subfamilies. Using RNA-seq and Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS) data from the root tissues of two chickpea genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance, we found that DNA methylation at cytosine residues might regulate these genes under drought stress. Notably, the <em>CaABCG41</em> gene was identified as drought-responsive, showing significant upregulation (p &lt; 0.05) and hypermethylation (q &lt; 0.01) in the drought tolerant genotype compared to the drought sensitive genotype under drought stress. <em>CaABCG41</em> thus holds potential for developing drought-tolerant chickpea cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 109903"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organosilicon enhances rice root suberization and antioxidant gene expression under cadmium/arsenic stress","authors":"Zhiheng Wang ,&nbsp;Jia Wu ,&nbsp;Shuxin Tu ,&nbsp;Khurram Shehzad ,&nbsp;Jingtao Hou ,&nbsp;Shuanglian Xiong ,&nbsp;Menghua Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organosilicon exhibits unique physicochemical and biological properties with wide applicability across diverse fields, including agriculture and industry. Previous research has verified the effectiveness of organosilicon-modified fertilizers in inhibiting the uptake of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) by plants. However, further investigations are necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we explored the potential of organosilicon to mitigate the toxic effects of Cd/As and lessen their uptake and accumulation during rice seed germination. Our results showed that under Cd/As stress, organosilicon treatments significantly increased suberin biosynthesis in rice roots. This was manifested as an increased level of root suberization and an enhanced apoplast barrier, as verified by observations made through fluorol yellow (FY) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Consequently, the uptake and translocation of Cd and As in rice seedlings were significantly reduced by 48.66 % and 72.19 % in shoots, and 43.23 % and 68.93 % in roots, respectively. Moreover, the application of organosilicon enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rice, This lead to an accelerated glutathione-oxidized glutathione (GSH-GSSG) cycle, up-regulated expression of the rice glutathione peroxidase gene (<em>OsGPX</em>), and increased GPX activity. These modifications effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by Cd/As stress and alleviated oxidative damage in rice. Overall, our study has unraveled the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of organosilicon in alleviating Cd/As toxicity in rice and has also provided new insights for the application of suberin in reducing heavy metal toxicity in plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109894"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}