Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"The interaction effect of water deficit stress and nanosilicon on phytochemical and physiological characteristics of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)","authors":"Ayyub Rezghiyan ,&nbsp;Hassan Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Mohsen Farzaneh ,&nbsp;Hassan Rezadoost","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different practical approaches have been employed to attenuate the destructive impacts of water deficit stress on plants, such as utilization of humic acid, salicylic acid, algae extract, mulching, and microorganisms, as well as silicon application. Nanosilicon significantly moderates the ruinous effects of abiotic and biotic stress in plants through some physiological processes. In this study, the interaction effect of drought stress and nanosilicon on phytochemical and physiological characteristics of hemp (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L.) was investigated, wherein the four-week-old seedlings were subjected to irrigation treatments at four levels, including 100% (control), 80% (mild stress), 60% (moderate stress), and 40% (severe stress) of field capacity and nanosilicon at three concentrations (0, 0.5, and 1.5 mM) was foliar applied every 10 days in a factorial completely randomized design experiment with three replications for 30 days. Phytochemical and physiological analyses such as photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antioxidant enzyme activities were conducted. The results indicated that the highest content of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabinol was achieved using 1.5 mM (1.89%) and 0.5 mM (0.63%) nanosilicon treatments, respectively, under moderate stress. The plants subjected to severe drought stress without nanosilicon application displayed the lowest values of chlorophyll <em>a</em> (0.50 mg/g FW) and <em>b</em> (0.20 mg/g FW). The use of nanosilicon excited the activation of antioxidant enzymes, wherein the plants treated with nanosilicon and drought stress exhibited significantly higher SOD, POD, and APX activities compared to the control. Under all drought stress levels, foliar application of nanosilicon at the highest concentration decreased proline content. The results proposed that the application of 1.5 mM nanosilicon, as a more efficient concentration, improved drought tolerance in hemp plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109298"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize yield is associated with abscisic acid and water potential under reduced soil water supply but with indoleacetic acid in genotypic renewal","authors":"Qi Liao ,&nbsp;Xukai Liang ,&nbsp;Ruopu Wang ,&nbsp;Taisheng Du ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhao ,&nbsp;Shaozhong Kang ,&nbsp;Ling Tong ,&nbsp;Risheng Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Irrigation and breeding are important practices for improving yield and water use efficiency of maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) in arid regions. However, the physiological mechanisms of yield under varying water supplies and genotypes remain unclear. Here, we examine the different physiological mechanisms underlying maize yield responses to varying soil water supplies and three genotypes (MC670, ZD958, and ZD2#) cultivated in northwestern China over the past five decades. The declining water supply significantly reduced maize leaf hydraulic transport, stomatal conductance (<em>g</em>_s), net photosynthetic rate (<em>A</em>), yield, kernel number, biomass, and evapotranspiration (<em>ET</em>). Conversely, it led to an increase in abscisic acid (ABA), hydrogen peroxide, intrinsic water use efficiency, and water productivity. Interestingly, there was no significant impact on indoleacetic acid (IAA), thousand kernel weight, or harvest index (<em>HI</em>). Breeding efforts increased leaf IAA levels, biomass, thousand kernel weight, yield, <em>HI</em>, and water productivity without altering physiological traits or <em>ET</em>. The superior yield of MC670 could be attributed to a simultaneous enhancement in both kernel number and thousand kernel weight, while ZD958 exhibited greater yield stability. ABA and hydraulic traits (predawn leaf water potential, leaf water potential, and whole-plant hydraulic conductance) coordinated <em>g</em>_s under reduced soil water supply, while ABA and predawn leaf water potential regulated yield by modulating <em>g</em>_s to affect both <em>A</em> and <em>ET</em>. Breeding for yield gains was associated with IAA-induced enhancements in biomass and <em>HI</em>, independent of key physiological traits (e.g., <em>g</em>_s and <em>A</em>) and <em>ET</em>. The observed increase in water productivity primarily stemmed from notable yield improvements rather than alterations in <em>ET</em>. Hence, the selection of high-yielding genotypes under water-limited and well-watered conditions requires consideration of water-related physiological traits and IAA levels, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109299"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethyl acetate extract of Artemisia argyi improves the resistance of cotton to Verticillium dahliae by activating the immune response","authors":"Jia Zhou ,&nbsp;Yunhan Wang ,&nbsp;Qiaohuan Chen ,&nbsp;Rong Xu ,&nbsp;Bisheng Huang ,&nbsp;Dahui Liu ,&nbsp;Yuhuan Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Verticillium wilt, a significant pathogen affecting cotton, has historically been challenging to control, posing a substantial threat to the sustainable development of the cotton industry. This study demonstrates that resistance to <em>Verticillium dahliae</em> in cotton can be enhanced by treating the roots with an ethyl acetate extract (EAAA) extracted from <em>Artemisia argyi</em>. The mechanisms by which EAAA activates immunity in cotton were elucidated by examining the expression levels of resistance genes post-treatment, evaluating salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) levels, analyzing transcriptome data, and employing virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology. Additionally, pot experiments were conducted to validate the efficacy of EAAA in controlling Verticillium wilt. The flavonoid content in EAAA was qualitatively analyzed using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), identifying three specific flavonoids that were further screened to verify their roles in activating cotton immunity. Cotton plants treated with EAAA exhibited reduced leaf chlorosis and browning in the vascular bundles. Genes involved in SA and JA synthesis and signaling in the root system were highly expressed, resulting in increased levels of SA and JA. Transcriptome analysis revealed that most upregulated differentially expressed genes were primarily enriched in the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Two specific genes, <em>RLK</em> and <em>MAPKKK18</em>, were identified through VIGS technology as key regulators of the immune pathway in cotton. The flavonoid monomer activation experiment demonstrated that eupatilin, hispidulin, jaceosidin, and a mixture of these three could induce the expression of cotton-related resistance genes. Collectively, these findings provide a research basis for the development of EAAA as a natural plant immune-inducing agent against cotton Verticillium wilt.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109296"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Euonymus maximowiczianus aril-derived long-term suspension-cultured cells: Light and methyl jasmonate impact in the anthocyanin and VLCFA accumulation","authors":"Alexander V. Nosov ,&nbsp;Artem A. Fomenkov ,&nbsp;Roman A. Sidorov ,&nbsp;Sergei V. Goriainov","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Euonymus</em> (L.) consists of shrubs and woody plants, distributed mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. Several hundred of secondary metabolites have been isolated from <em>Euonymus</em> spp. In addition, fatty oil was found in the fruits of some <em>Euonymus</em> spp., which accumulates not only in the seeds but also in the arils. This study presents the research of unique over ten-year-old suspension cell cultures of the endemic plant <em>Euonymus maximoviczianus</em> Prokh., obtained from the aril tissue of unripe capsules. The suspension cells retain the ability to form oil droplets containing neutral lipids. Both cells growing in the dark (Em-D culture) and cells growing in the light (Em-L culture) can synthesize very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) as well as cyanidin-3-<em>O</em>-hexoside, delphinidin-3-<em>O</em>-hexoside, and peonidin-3-<em>O</em>-hexoside. Here, we researched the VLCFA and anthocyanin accumulation dynamics during subcultivation, as well as the influence of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and light on these processes. In the darkness, the formation of VLCFAs was more intense, while the biosynthesis of anthocyanins was significantly activated in the light. In Em-L cells, more than 76% of anthocyanins were represented by cyanidin-3-<em>O</em>-hexoside, and in Em-D cells delphinidin-3-<em>O</em>-hexoside was more actively synthesized (45%). MeJA substantially enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanins (especially in the light) and, surprisingly, the formation of VLCFAs in both Em-L and Em-D cell cultures. The possible competition between the biosynthetic pathways of VLCFAs and anthocyanins is discussed in connection with the commonality of the cytosolic pool of their precursor, malonyl-CoA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109293"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYL) family genes revealed AhPYL6 confer the resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in peanut","authors":"Zenghui Cao ,&nbsp;Zhan Li ,&nbsp;Lin Meng,&nbsp;Di Cao,&nbsp;Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Sasa Hu,&nbsp;Yanzhe Li,&nbsp;Kunkun Zhao,&nbsp;Qian Ma,&nbsp;Yaoyao Li,&nbsp;Yi Fan,&nbsp;Xingli Ma,&nbsp;Fangping Gong,&nbsp;Zhongfeng Li,&nbsp;Ding Qiu,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Xingguo Zhang,&nbsp;Rui Ren,&nbsp;Dongmei Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by <em>Ralstonia solanacearum</em> severely impacts the yield and quality of peanut (<em>Arachis hypogaea</em> L.), a globally cultivated industrial crop. Despite the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway have been identified as key factors in peanut resistance to BW, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Through systematic identification, it was discovered that the peanut genome contains 18 ABA receptor pyrabactin resistance 1-like (PYL) family genes, which show conservation with other plant species. Among these <em>PYL</em> genes in peanut (referred to as <em>AhPYL</em>), <em>AhPYL6</em> and <em>AhPYL16</em> showed significant up-regulation in response to salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ABA treatments, and <em>R. solanacearum</em> infection. Subsequently, the full-length <em>AhPYL6</em> was cloned and functionally characterized. The fusion protein AhPYL6-YFP was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of tobacco leaves, and overexpression of <em>AhPYL6</em> notably enhanced resistance against <em>R. solanacearum</em>. Expression analysis revealed that the expression levels defense -related genes including <em>NbNPR1</em>, <em>NbPR2</em>, <em>NbPR3</em>, <em>NbHRS203</em>, <em>NbEFE26</em>, and <em>NbNDR1</em> were significantly up-regulated by the overexpression of <em>AhPYL6</em>, which suggested that <em>AhPYL6</em> confers the resistance to <em>R. solanacearum</em> through promoting expression of defense -related genes. These findings highlight the potential roles of PYL ABA receptors in the plant defense response to bacterial pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MaMPK19, a key gene enhancing cold resistance by activating the CBF pathway in banana","authors":"Fan Zhengyang ,&nbsp;Zhao Bianbian ,&nbsp;Zeng Yuhan ,&nbsp;Lai Ruilian ,&nbsp;Zhao Xiaobing ,&nbsp;Chen Yukun ,&nbsp;Lin Yuling ,&nbsp;Du Yinggang ,&nbsp;Lai Zhongxiong","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>MPKs</em> play an essential part role in the process of plant low temperature stress. In this study, the specific inhibitor SB203580 of <em>MPK</em> was used to spray banana leaves and <em>MaMPK19</em> was overexpressed in <em>N.benthamiana</em> and banana to explore the effect of <em>MaMPK19</em> on cold resistance and the regulation mode of downstream genes. Additionally, we optimized the method of genetic transformation of banana laying the foundation for the establishment of an efficient genetic transformation system. The results showed that 40 μmol L⁻¹ SB203580 could significantly reduce the expression of <em>MaMPK19</em> and <em>MaCBFs</em>, as well as weaken the cold resistance of banana at 4 °C. After <em>agrobacterium tumefaciens</em> infection, the regeneration rates of adventitious buds in ‘Tianbao’, ‘Brazilian’ and‘Indonesia’ (<em>Musa</em> spp. AAA Group, Cavendish) reached 10.43%, 15.81% and 14.23%, respectively. And the positive rates reached 10.71%, 2.25% and 6.94%, respectively. Overexpression of <em>MaMPK19</em> enhanced the cold resistance of <em>N.benthamiana</em> and bananas. <em>MaMPK19</em> promoted the expression of <em>MaICE1</em>, <em>MaDREB1D</em> and <em>MaCOR413</em>. Furthermore, <em>MaMPK19</em> increased POD activity and the content of ABA and JA. Our study highlights the importance of <em>MaMPK19</em> in improving the cold resistance of bananas and provides a reference for biological breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109290"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome and molecular evidence of HvMORF8 conferring drought-tolerance in barley","authors":"Shou-Heng Shi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zeeshan ,&nbsp;Wu-Nian Shan ,&nbsp;Cheng-Wei Qiu ,&nbsp;Zhong-Hua Chen ,&nbsp;Feibo Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses worldwide, which severely limits crop yield. Tibetan wild barley is a treasure trove of useful genes for crop improvement including drought tolerance. Here, we detected large-scale changes of gene expression in response to drought stress with a substantial difference among contrasting Tibetan barley genotypes XZ5 (drought-tolerant), XZ54 (drought-sensitive) and <em>cv</em>. Tadmor (drought-tolerant). Drought stress led to upregulations of 142 genes involved in transcription, metabolism, protein synthesis, stress defense, transport and signal transduction in XZ5, but those genes were down-regulated or unchanged in XZ54 and Tadmor. We identified and functionally characterized a novel <em>multiple organellar RNA editing factors 8</em> (<em>HvMORF8</em>), which was up-regulated by drought stress in XZ5, but unchanged in XZ54 and Tadmor under drought stress. Phylogenetic analysis showed that orthologues of HvMORF8 can be traced back to the closest gymnosperm species such as <em>Cycas micholitzii</em>, implicating a potential evolutionary origin for MORF8 from a common ancestor in early seed plants. Virus-induced <em>HvMORF8</em> silencing in XZ5 led to hypersensitivity to drought stress, demonstrating it is a positive regulator of drought tolerance in barley. RNA sequencing of BSMV:HvMORF8 and control plants reveals that silencing of <em>HvMORF8</em> suppresses genes involved in osmolytes transport, cell wall modification and antioxidants, resulting in water metabolism disorder and overaccumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under drought stress. Therefore, we propose <em>HvMORF8</em>-mediated regulatory drought tolerance mechanisms at transcriptomic level in XZ5, providing new insight into the genetic basis of plastid RNA editing function of <em>HvMORF8</em> for barley drought tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109289"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of phenylpropanoid pathway in genetic regulation and physiological adaptation in arsenic stressed rice genotypes","authors":"Himanshu Saini ,&nbsp;Medha Panthri ,&nbsp;Priyanka Bhatia ,&nbsp;Meetu Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of the phenylpropanoid pathway in arsenic (As) contaminated rice genotypes under natural conditions, exploring the intricate relationship between genetic regulation and physiological adaptation. Differential approaches adapted by rice genotypes to counteract As exposure are elucidated here through analysis of enzyme activities and related gene expression patterns, docking simulations, and nutrient dynamics. Enzymatic analysis from the phenylpropanoid pathway revealed significant variations across rice genotypes, with Mini mansoori exhibiting notably higher activity levels of key enzymes (PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHI, DFR and F3H) compared to Sampoorna and Pioneer. Additionally, the gene expression profiling unveiled differential responses, with Mini mansoori and Pioneer demonstrating higher expression of genes (<em>OsPAL, OsCHS, OsCHI, OsF3H, OsF3′H, OsFLS, OsDFR</em>, and <em>OsLAR</em>) associated with As resistance and tolerance, compared to Sampoorna. Enrichment analysis emphasized the involvement of cinnamic acid biosynthesis and related pathways. Molecular docking depicted certain proteins, such as Os4CL, OsFLS, OsDFR, and OsLAR susceptible to As binding, potentially affecting enzymatic activity. Ionomic analysis unveiled that Mini mansoori maintained higher levels of essential nutrients such as Na, Ca, P, Mn, Mg, and Zn in grains. However, this contrasted with Pioneer and Sampoorna, which experienced nutrient imbalance likely due to higher As accumulation. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis depicted that Mini mansoori and Pioneer maintained better photosynthetic efficiency under As toxicity compared to Sampoorna. Moreover, network analysis highlights the critical role of Mg and Na interaction with essential phenolics and flavonoids, in combating the stress. Harnessing this understanding, targeted breeding effort could yield As-resistant rice varieties with enhanced nutrient and flavonoid contents, addressing both food safety and malnutrition in affected regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced bacoside synthesis in Bacopa monnieri plants using seed exudates from Tamarindus indica","authors":"Titir Guha ,&nbsp;Ekta Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Madhurima Dutta ,&nbsp;Anisha Dutta ,&nbsp;Moumita Dandapat ,&nbsp;Rahul Bose ,&nbsp;Suparna Mandal Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diverse allelochemicals are released from different plant parts via leaching, exudation, volatilization, etc., which can induce either stimulatory or inhibitory effects depending on the target plant species. Very few reports provide details about allelopathic interaction through seed exudates. Since <em>Tamarindus indica</em> L. seed exudate (TSE) has been known to exhibit growth stimulatory effect on lettuce, radish, and sesame, in the present study we have evaluated its role in regulating the secondary metabolism of an over-exploited medicinal herb, <em>Bacopa monnieri</em> (L.) Pennel. The bacoside biosynthesis rate of <em>B. monnieri</em> is quite low in comparison to its increasingly high demands in the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, researches are aimed towards enhancing the biosynthesis of this secondary metabolite <em>in planta</em> by utilizing external stress factors. Presently, 7-day-old <em>B. monnieri</em> seedlings were treated with 1:16, 1:8, 1:4, 1:3, and 1:2 (seed weight: water) TSE. Maximum upregulation of secondary metabolite contents was found in the 1:4 (seed weight: water) TSE treatment set. This TSE treatment also enhanced H₂O₂ and salicylic acid production leading to the upregulation of the genes related to the MVA pathway (<em>BmAACT</em>, <em>BmHMGR</em>, <em>BmMDD</em>, <em>BmSQS, and BmBAS</em>) which are responsible for bacoside biosynthesis and 1.7-fold higher bacoside level was found in TSE treated set compared to control. LC-HRMS analysis of TSE confirmed the presence of alkaloid (lupanine), phenol (chlorogenic acid), and organic acid (mucic acid), which are identified as potential allelochemicals responsible for modulating the secondary metabolism of <em>B. monnieri</em>. Thus, this study highlights a sustainable approach towards enhancing bacoside production <em>in planta</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109287"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated quality, physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveals mechanisms of kiwifruit response to postharvest transport vibrational stress","authors":"Chenxu Zhao ,&nbsp;Linlin Cheng ,&nbsp;Yurong Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Hui ,&nbsp;Junpeng Niu ,&nbsp;Shujie Song","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ‘Xuxiang’ kiwifruit, a leading cultivar in China known for its high quality and yield, experiences quality degradation due to vibration stress during postharvest transportation. This study simulated the postharvest transportation vibrations of ‘Xuxiang’ kiwifruits to investigate the effects on the fruit quality and physiology. Different vibration intensities (0.26, 0.79, and 1.5 m s⁻²) and durations (0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) were applied to analyze the quality, physiological and transcriptomic changes of fruits after vibration stress, as well as the association between quality deterioration, gene networks, and key genes. Results indicated that vibration stress significantly accelerated the deterioration of fruit quality and induced physiological changes. As vibration intensity and duration increased, there was a rapid decrease in fruit firmness and an increase in weight loss, soluble solid content, relative conductivity, ethylene production, respiratory rate, and malondialdehyde levels. The most severe deterioration in fruit quality occurred at a vibration intensity of 1.5 m s⁻². Transcriptome sequencing analysis was conducted on samples from different durations of exposure to the 1.5 m s⁻² vibration intensity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses identified key genes associated with ethylene metabolism and softening. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and correlation analysis further determined that 24 of these genes were regulated by vibrational stress, impacting ethylene metabolism and cell wall degradation. Vibration stress induced changes in genes related to ethylene metabolism and cell wall degradation, promoting lipid peroxidation and respiratory changes, which compromise cell membrane integrity and lead to quality deterioration. Compared with untreated fruits, vibration stress caused the quality deterioration, physiological changes and transcriptional regulation of kiwifruits, indicating that kiwifruits respond to vibration stress through multiple aspects. It proposes a fresh outlook on the understanding of the mechanism of transport vibration stress and further illustrates the importance of monitoring vibration intensity and duration as well as reducing vibration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109285"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}