Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Heterophyllous plants reorganize plant trait coordination between floating and emergent habitats.","authors":"Yang Liu, Charity Mangoi, Zhichao Dong, Hui Ma, Wei Li, Lars L Iversen, Yu Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant structures function as integrated modules, reflecting coordinated development and function across traits. In terrestrial plants, stomatal traits that regulate carbon uptake are tightly coordinated with xylem traits supplying water, maintaining trade-offs between photosynthetic demand and hydraulic capacity. In aquatic plants, however, contrasting environments experienced by emergent and floating leaves may alter these coordination patterns. Whether heterophylly modifies fundamental scaling relationships among traits remains unclear. Here, we examined 15 heterophyllous aquatic species that produce both floating and emergent leaves within the same individual, allowing isolated effects from phylogeny. We found that emergent leaves exhibited greater leaf area, total stomatal area, and petiole thickness, indicating increased hydraulic and mechanical investment. Both leaf types followed hypoallometric scaling between leaf and petiole traits, but coordination regimes diverged. Emergent leaves showed tighter scaling between total stomatal area and petiole xylem area, reflecting strengthened coupling between transpirational demand and hydraulic supply. In contrast, floating leaves exhibited steeper scaling between leaf area and petiole transverse area and a more centralized trait network structure. These divergences persisted after accounting for phylogeny. Together, our results showed that heterophyllous plants could maintain core developmental proportionality while reorganizing trait coordination in response to different habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111364"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodine nanocitrate seed priming modulates contrasting genotypes of wheat PSII responses to phytopathogenic infection and improves productivity.","authors":"Hanna Huliaieva, Iryna Tokovenko, Lidiia Pasichnyk, Mykhailo Bohdan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While not classified as essential, iodine can be a beneficial element, helping to modulate redox balance and enhance stress tolerance. We assessed whether seed treatment with iodine nanocitrate affects PSII photochemical parameters (F₀, Fv/Fm), pigment composition, and wheat yield under pathogen inoculation in field conditions, while monitoring ambient air quality and short-term temperature variability. The experimental design included the following factors: (i) cultivars (Zelma, Zymoyarka); (ii) seed priming (control, iodine nanocitrates (I-0.5%)); and (iii) infection background (uninoculated, phytoplasma-like pathogen (Acholeplasma laidlawii), bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. atrofaciens (Psa). F₀ and Fv/Fm were measured at 7-day intervals. Treatment effects were tested within cultivar × date using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD; factorial effects of date, cultivar, and variant were assessed using ANOVA models. RESULTS: Seed priming with I-0.5% showed strong temporal and cultivar dependence in Fv/Fm, with significant date-related shifts and cultivar- and variant-dependent patterns. Variant separation was clearer in Zymoyarka, while Zelma showed generally lower intradate divergence. Pigment composition revealed contrasting cultivars' strategies: Zymoyarka exhibited pigment depletion, most strongly at I-0.5%+Psa, whereas Zelma typically increased chlorophyll and carotenoid content after inoculation and priming. Flag leaf area was consistently larger in Zelma and was mainly genotype-driven. Grain yield increased at I-0.5% in both cultivars, reaching statistical significance in Zymoyarka. CONCLUSIONS: Iodine nanocitrate priming can alter PSII functional status and pigment balance in a cultivar-specific manner under pathogen inoculation in the context of monitored ambient air pollution quality. Agronomic benefits (yield) were most pronounced in Zymoyarka, which also showed stronger within-date Fv/Fm divergence among variants and a depletion/remodeling-type pigment response (most evident under I-0.5% + Psa), consistent with greater physiological sensitivity/plasticity of this cultivar under the prevailing field load.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111351"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of physiological and molecular analyses reveals that a plant-based biostimulant delays drought-induced leaf senescence & improves maize yield.","authors":"Aakansha Kanojia, Neerakkal Sujeeth, Saurabh Gupta, Saleh Alseekh, Veselin Petrov, Tsanko S Gechev","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought-induced senescence is a major cause of maize yield loss. While biostimulant priming improves stress tolerance, its molecular basis is unclear. Here we demonstrate that priming maize with the plant-derived biostimulant AgriPrime Stimulus (APS) delays drought-induced leaf senescence at reproductive-stage, resulting in improved cob weight and yield. Integrated physiological, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and phytohormone analyses revealed that APS priming preserves source leaf functionality by maintaining key metabolic processes. APS-primed drought-stressed leaves showed enrichment of photosynthesis-related genes and elevated levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, indicating maintained carbon metabolism. APS priming also strengthened cell wall through the induction of genes involved in cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, cutin, and wax biosynthesis, with increased structural metabolites such as xylose, mannose, and galactonic acid. Delayed senescence was further supported by enhanced redox homeostasis, with upregulation of antioxidant-related genes including superoxide dismutase (SOD3), peroxidases (PRXs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and ascorbate-associated genes (BX13), together with increased levels of protective metabolites such as proline, trehalose, and myo-inositol. In parallel, APS priming suppressed proteolysis and senescence-associated genes (NYC1, NYE1, SAG39, NAC042). Integration of phytohormone and transcriptomic data further revealed maintained growth-promoting hormones alongside reduced abscisic acid and ethylene biosynthesis. Consistent with this reduced catabolic state, APS-primed leaves accumulated amino acids linked to growth, while unprimed drought-stressed leaves accumulated amino acids related to protein degradation. Collectively, these findings show that APS priming preserves source-sink relationships during drought by maintaining leaf longevity, and strengthening sink support, which improves cob weight under water deficit.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111328"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal modulation by omeprazole improves tomato growth under single and combined water and nitrogen deficits.","authors":"A P G Fernandes, J Machado, A B Bingobingo, M W Vasconcelos, V Vives-Peris, A Gómez-Cadenas, S M P Carvalho","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Omeprazole (OMP) has emerged as a promising protective compound against abiotic stress and a potential plant growth promoter, yet its role under combined stress and underlying mechanisms remains unclear. This study assessed the hormonal response of tomato plants to single and combined nitrogen (N) and water (W) deficits (50%N and/or 50%W) and the impact of OMP application to the root zone (0 and 1 μM) under these conditions. Combined deficit induced distinct hormonal shifts, including decreased shoots' abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-acetic acid (IAA), alongside increased salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and jasmonic acid-isoleucine (JA-Ile). OMP consistently improved plant performance irrespective of the growth conditions, increasing total dry weight by 23% and enhancing nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency by 23% and 17%, respectively. Root growth stimulation in OMP-treated plants correlated with higher root IAA under control (+9%), N deficit (+27%), and W deficit (+20%) conditions, while combined deficit plants exhibited 35% lower root ABA without significant root biomass gain. OMP also improved photosynthetic rates and decreased shoots' lipid peroxidation, suggesting a protective effect. Hormonal modulation by OMP included lowering stress-related hormones - restoring JA and JA-Ile to control levels and reducing phaseic acid and SA under W deficit - while promoting IAA, a growth-related hormone. Collectively, these findings indicate that the combined deficit triggers a distinct hormonal profile from single deficits, and that OMP acts as both a stress alleviator and a growth promoter under N and W limitations by modulating hormonal, physiological and biochemical responses in a condition-specific manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111342"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sunflower HaHB4 gene confers enhanced tolerance to heat stress at the pre-anthesis stage in three different wheat cultivars.","authors":"José Pablo Murguía, Facundo Curin, Raquel Lía Chan, Fernanda Gabriela González","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sunflower gene HaHB4 was previously described as conferring drought tolerance to Cadenza wheat plants, as assessed in 37 field trials. HaHB4-wheat is the first transgenic wheat trait approved for global markets. In this work, we show that transgenic plants also exhibit heat tolerance in the pre-anthesis stage. During 2023 and 2024, the experiments were conducted in open-air conditions, using the modern cultivars Algarrobo and Feroz by introgression of the original Cadenza HaHB4. The newly obtained transgenic wheat plants, particularly Algarrobo, as well as the original Cadenza HaHB4, maintained stabilized grain yields under high-temperature stress applied at the pre-anthesis stage, whereas wild-type genotypes suffered severe productivity losses. This yield advantage was primarily driven by a higher grain number rather than grain weight. Interestingly, heat stress applied after anthesis showed no significant difference impact in yield, identifying pre-anthesis as the vital window for HaHB4 efficacy. HaHB4 plants exhibited a higher harvest index and a greater number of fertile florets and spikelets per spike, suggesting that the transgene protects the reproductive potential during early development. At the molecular level, HaHB4 wheat appears constitutively prepared for stress. Transcript levels analysis showed the differential regulation of heat shock proteins and stress-responsive transcription factors even before the onset of heat. Furthermore, the stability of transgenic plants was notably higher, showing significantly lower coefficients of variation across yield components compared to wild-type counterparts. This increased stability suggests that HaHB4 acts as a buffer against environmental variability, ensuring more predictable harvests under fluctuating thermal conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PpbHLH14.1-PpCCD4a regulatory module modulates lutein accumulation and peel colouration in pear (Pyrus pyrifolia).","authors":"Li Zhang, Yinsheng Cheng, Wei Du, Xiujuan Dong, Junfan Tu, Hongyan Zhu, Hafiz Muhammad Kamran, Syed Bilal Hussain, Xianming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lutein is a nutritionally important carotenoid that contributes to the peel colour and fruit quality in pear. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating lutein accumulation remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4a (PpCCD4a) as a key factor associated with variation in lutein content in pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) fruit peel. Gene expression profiling and carotenoid analysis across multiple cultivars and fruit developmental stages revealed a strong negative relationship between PpCCD4a transcript levels and lutein accumulation. Functional analyses demonstrated that transient overexpression of PpCCD4a reduced lutein content and attenuated yellow peel colouration, whereas gene silencing resulted in increased lutein accumulation and enhanced pigmentation. Furthermore, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, PpbHLH14.1, was identified as an upstream regulator of PpCCD4a. Dual-luciferase assays showed that PpbHLH14.1 activates the PpCCD4a promoter, and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed its direct binding to E-box motifs within the promoter region. Manipulation of PpbHLH14.1 expression led to coordinated changes in PpCCD4a transcript levels, lutein accumulation, and peel colouration, supporting a regulatory relationship between these factors. Collectively, these results establish a PpbHLH14.1-PpCCD4a regulatory pathway that modulates lutein accumulation in pear fruit. This study provides new insights into the transcriptional regulation of carotenoid degradation and identifies potential targets for improving fruit nutritional and visual quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-species expression of OsDJ-1C from rice enhances tolerance to salinity and drought stress in tomato.","authors":"Manjari Mishra, Yajnaseni Chatterjee, Brijesh Kumar Gupta, Surabhi Tomar, Priyanka Babuta, Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta, Ashwani Pareek, Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abiotic stresses such as salinity and drought induce the accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG), a highly cytotoxic dicarbonyl compound that disrupts cellular metabolism in plants. MG detoxification is primarily mediated by the glutathione-dependent glyoxalase pathway, classically comprising the enzymes glyoxalase I and II. In contrast, glyoxalase III (GLYIII) catalyzes detoxification of MG in a single-step without requiring glutathione. In the present study, we investigated the functional role of OsDJ-1C, a rice GLYIII enzyme, by heterologous overexpression in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Transgenic lines exhibited significantly enhanced stress tolerance through a more efficient antioxidant defense mechanism under stress conditions. This improvement was driven by increased GLYIII-mediated detoxification of MG, leading to effective suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Reduced ROS levels in the overexpression lines resulted in greater internal oxygen availability and enhanced cellular respiration than wild-type plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants maintained higher pyruvate levels than the wild-type controls, thereby sustaining tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux and ATP production under stress. Overall, these findings reveal a conserved, cross-species function of OsDJ-1C in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance emphasizing its relevance for improving agricultural sustainability and food security under changing climatic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111353"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses reveal changes in photosynthetic capacity of the endangered tree Cinnamomum chago under water stress.","authors":"Huiqin Yang, Yuehua Wang, Shikang Shen, Liu Yang, Xiongli Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cinnamomum chago, an endangered tree endemic to Yunnan Province, China, is a valuable resource for edible nuts, timber, and oil, with both economic and ecological significance. However, natural regeneration of C. chago seedlings is challenging, and sustainable cultivation strategies are needed to balance economic development and ecological conservation. Here, we investigated physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic responses of C. chago seedlings to water stress. Net photosynthetic rate (5.136 to 0.322 μmol▪m^-2s^-1), transpiration rate (1.064 to 0.151 mmol▪m^-2s^-1), water-use efficiency (5.107 to 1.459 mmol▪mol^-1H₂O), Rubisco maximum carboxylation rate (21.269 to 1.393 μmol▪m^-2s^-1), and maximum electron transport rate (20.950 to 1.483 μmol^-1 m^-2·s^-1) decreased under drought. The reduction in photosynthetic rate under water stress was likely associated with non-stomatal limitations inferred from Ci patterns. In contrast, proline (1.198 to 10.977 umoles▪g^-1), soluble sugars (0.272 to 0.448 umoles▪g^-1FW), superoxide dismutase (25.901 to 59.966 U▪g^-1FW), and malondialdehyde (0.036 to 0.043 μmol▪g^-1FW) showed significant increases (p < 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant enrichment of photosynthesis, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and hormone signaling pathways (p < 0.05), with downregulation of genes involved in light capture and energy conversion, which was consistent with reduced photosynthetic performance. Overall, these results indicate that drought stress significantly reduce photosynthetic capacity. Maintaining soil moisture at 75-80% appeared to be optimal under short-term greenhouse cultivation and may provide a reference for future studies. These findings provide insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying drought responses in C. chago and inform management of endangered woody plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111349"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and analysis of the jasmonic acid biosynthetic and signaling gene families in grapevine and the functional verification of VvLOX9 in resistance to cold.","authors":"Beibei Li, Depeng Chen, Zhaomei Fan, Guilong Lu, Peng Li, Lei Sun, Guirong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling genes are crucial for plant adaptation to environmental stress, but their systematic characterization and functional roles in cold stress tolerance in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) remain largely unclear. In this study, we identified 62 JA-related genes in grapevine, including five allene oxide synthase (AOS), two allene oxide cyclase (AOC), 16 lipoxygenase (LOX), 11 12-oxophytodienoate reductase (OPR), seven coronatine-insensitive 1 (COI1), 11 myelocytomatosis (MYC), and 10 jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ). Their physicochemical properties, phylogeny, chromosomal locations, duplication patterns, conserved sequences, gene structure, motifs, cis-acting elements, and tissue-specific expression were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all JA-related gene families (except VvAOCs) clustered into three distinct groups, with genes of similar structural features grouping closely-supporting functional conservation within subclades. Evolutionary analysis indicated that segmental duplication was the major driver for the expansion of VvLOX, VvAOC, VvAOS, and VvJAZ families. Cis-acting elements and expression patterns analysis using RNA-seq and RT-qPCR demonstrated that VvMYC, VvJAZ, VvLOX, VvAOC, VvAOS, and VvJAZ genes were involved in abiotic stress responses. Given its strong induction under cold stress, VvLOX9 was isolated from 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. Transient transformation assays in grapevine leaves demonstrated that VvLOX9 positively regulates cold tolerance by promoting JA accumulation. Furthermore, transient transformation, yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that the cold-responsive transcription factor VvERF10 directly binds to the CCGAC cis-element in the VvLOX9 promoter and activates its expression. This study provides mechanistic insights into JA-mediated cold response and offers valuable genetic resources for grape cold-tolerant breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"111350"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomics and comparative physiological analyses reveal hormone-mediated reprogramming during adventitious root induction in American chestnut (Castanea dentata)","authors":"Xinya Lu ,&nbsp;Ruikang Zhang ,&nbsp;Weibing Zhuang ,&nbsp;Jiayin Liu ,&nbsp;Amanda Minner ,&nbsp;Kylie Towery ,&nbsp;Andrew Hall ,&nbsp;Haiying Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adventitious root (AR) formation is a critical regenerative process in woody plant propagation, but remains inefficient in recalcitrant species such as the American chestnut (<em>Castanea dentata</em>). The physiological and molecular bases underlying chestnut cuttings' limited rooting capacity remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we integrated anatomical, hormonal, metabolic, and transcriptomic analyses, using the readily rooting hybrid poplar as a comparative model, to identify key constraints on AR formation in American chestnut. Chestnut cuttings exhibited structural constraints, including a continuous sclerenchyma ring and dense vascular cambium, likely limiting early cell proliferation. Hormonal profiling indicated lower initial indole-3-acetic acid levels (only 50% of those in poplar) and an unfavorable auxin-cytokinin balance. Metabolomic profiles revealed enrichment of sugars and phenolic acids, but depletion of rooting-related amino acids and flavonoids. Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analyses identified stage-specific regulation of genes involved in meristem activation, auxin transport, and stress responses, with delayed or reduced expression in chestnut. Key genes such as <em>CdABCG37</em> were upregulated at later stages, whereas <em>CdPID</em> and <em>CdMYB12</em> were downregulated, highlighting coordinated spatial and temporal regulation during rooting formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 111330"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}