Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses reveal UVB-stimulated biosynthesis of flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids in dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)","authors":"Yunan Jin,&nbsp;Shujia Gu,&nbsp;Wei Cang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation acts as a natural environmental regulator that controls multiple physiological and metabolic processes in plants. <em>Taraxacum officinale</em> is a medicinal plant and dietary component that is notable for its abundance of bioactive secondary metabolites. To elucidate the response of secondary metabolites to UVB in <em>T. officinale</em>, we performed integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses on leaf tissues following exposure to UVB for seven days. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant upregulation of genes associated with photosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and stress responses. Proteomic analysis identified upregulated proteins enriched in pathways related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis and alkaloid synthesis. Metabolomic profiling demonstrated a substantial increase in the accumulation of flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Integrative network analysis further identified key transcription factors, including MYB, NAC, and bHLH, as central regulators of flavonoid, terpenoid, and alkaloid biosynthetic pathways in response to UVB exposure. Functional validation through transgenic overexpression in <em>T. officinale</em> demonstrated that <em>ToMYB111</em>, <em>ToMYB113</em>, and <em>ToNAC068</em> act as positive regulators of flavonoid hyperaccumulation. Specifically, ToMYB113 and ToNAC068 transactivate the <em>ToUGT1</em> promoter through direct binding, thereby enhancing flavonoid accumulation. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular basis of UVB-induced secondary metabolite accumulation in <em>T. officinale</em>, with potential applications in crop improvement and pharmaceutical development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110270"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The study of epidermal wax of different apple varieties and functional analysis of MdMYB94 regulating wax biosynthesis","authors":"Shasha Liu ,&nbsp;Wenping Huo ,&nbsp;Zhongkang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Xu ,&nbsp;Yizhou Chen ,&nbsp;Yimeng Shang ,&nbsp;Hongmin Hou ,&nbsp;Yugang Zhang ,&nbsp;Min Chen ,&nbsp;Shenghui Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cuticular wax plays a crucial role in reducing water loss, enhancing pathogen resistance, and improving the surface appearance of apple fruit. However, limited research has focused on wax biosynthesis during fruit development in apple. In this study, we investigated the wax biosynthesis of four apple cultivars ‘Fumei’, ‘Fuxing’, ‘Fuli’, and ‘Fuji’. Among them, ‘Fumei’ apple exhibited significantly higher wax accumulation than the other three cultivars, reaching up to 4,604,997.01 μg/dm². Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed distinct wax formation patterns among the cultivars, characterized by the development of wax structures on the fruit surface. Notably, in ‘Fumei’, the cuticular wax layer began to thicken at 150 days after full bloom (DAFB), reaching a significantly greater thickness than that observed in the other cultivars. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed a substantial increase in wax content in ‘Fumei’ during the later stages of fruit development, with alkanes comprising 50.39 % of the total wax. Furthermore, we identified a MYB transcription factor, <em>MdMYB94</em>, which positively regulates wax accumulation in apple fruit. Our findings provide novel insights into the physiological and molecular characteristics of ‘Fumei’ as a high-wax germplasm, offering valuable theoretical and genetic resources for improving apple fruit appearance and enhancing stress resistance through breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110276"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous melatonin affects kiwifruit growth and quality through hormone signaling pathway","authors":"Xiaoli Zhang ,&nbsp;Ya Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Wang,&nbsp;Xueling Wen,&nbsp;Zicheng Lv,&nbsp;Yuxing Li,&nbsp;Dong Liang,&nbsp;Hui Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kiwifruit is popular among consumers owing to its rich nutritional content. Melatonin, a newly recognized plant hormone, has yet to be fully understood in terms of its impact on fruit growth. In this study, we applied different concentrations melatonin to ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit at fruit expansion phase. The results showed that melatonin treatments significantly increased the vertical and horizontal diameter and single fruit weight, especially at 200 μM melatonin. Additionally, melatonin treatment increased the soluble sugar concentration and the ratio of sugar and acid, while reducing titrable acid content. Transcriptome analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched pathways related to plant hormone and starch sucrose metabolism. The expression of starch degradation genes <em>AcBAMs</em> and sucrose synthesis related genes <em>AcSPSs</em> and <em>AcSUS4</em> were up-regulated, accompanied by decreased starch content and increased the contents of sucrose, fructose and glucose. Genes involved in auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin signal transduction pathway were also up-regulated at 200 μM melatonin treatment, resulting in increased the contents of 6BA (6-Benzyl aminopurine),ZT (Zeatin) and GA3 (Gibberellin 3). Through weighted co-expression network analysis, four structural genes and two transcription factors were identified as potential key regulators involved in melatonin-mediated regulation on fruit development and starch-sucrose metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of RubisCO and PEPC during the salinity stress recovery of facultative CAM plants","authors":"Michał Nosek ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Gawrońska ,&nbsp;Piotr Rozpądek ,&nbsp;Karolina Chmura ,&nbsp;Andrzej Kornaś","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our previous work demonstrated that the model facultative CAM plant (<em>Mesembryanthemum crystallinum</em> L.) requires less than 48 h to fully rearrange its photosynthetic apparatus and complete recovery of photosynthetic quantum efficiency following salinity stress withdrawal. Our latest findings show that not all aspects of this highly plastic photosynthetic apparatus undergo such rapid changes. Although significantly lower than in salinity-sustained (+NaCl) plants, the stress-dependent PEPC1 protein remained expressed in salinity stress-withdrawn (-NaCl) plants for two consecutive days after stress removal, whereas its expression was undetectable in control (C3) plants. Limited PEPC activity in salinity-withdrawn plants was reflected in a significantly higher ¹³C discrimination than in salinity-sustained (+NaCl) plants. Interestingly, changes in RubisCO expression at the protein level did not appear to be part of the rapid modifications following stress withdrawal. For two consecutive days after stress removal, the large RubisCO subunit remained expressed at similar levels in both salinity-stressed (+NaCl) and stress-withdrawn (-NaCl) plants, while being significantly lower than in unstressed (C3) control plants. On the other hand, one day after stress withdrawal (-NaCl), proline levels dropped to those observed in salinity-untreated (C3) control plants. Conversely, stressor removal had only a minor impact on oxidative stress-related damage in recovering plants. Moreover, withdrawing osmotic stress had little effect on the growth rate. Despite a significantly higher relative water content (RWC) in stress-withdrawn (-NaCl) plants compared to those that remained under salinity stress (+NaCl), growth did not noticeably accelerate. Overall, this study provides new insights into the recovery process from salinity stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110272"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for a polyphosphatase-like enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of long-chain polyphosphates in the rhizosphere","authors":"Natalie Toren ,&nbsp;Ran Erel","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyphosphates (poly-Ps), composed of two or more phosphate units, become plant-available only after hydrolysis to orthophosphate (ortho-P). While microbial polyphosphatase enzymes are well documented, no evidence exists for extracellular poly-P-hydrolyzing enzymes secreted by plants into the rhizosphere. This study aimed to evaluate plant capacity to hydrolyze long-chain and cyclic poly-P forms and to identify extracellular hydrolytic activity.</div><div>Six plant species were grown in sterile media supplemented with either cyclic poly-P or ortho-P to assess their capacity to hydrolyze and utilize different P sources. Species varied markedly in their ability to use poly-P. Lettuce displayed poor growth, while pepper achieved biomass levels comparable to ortho-P, providing direct evidence of rhizospheric hydrolytic activity. Hydrolysis assays using intact tissues confirmed significantly higher activity in pepper roots compared to lettuce, with leaves showing the lowest activity in both species.</div><div>Protein extracts from pepper roots were assayed for enzymatic activity. Heat treatment eliminated hydrolysis, confirming enzymatic mediation. Liquid chromatography enabled the isolation of a ∼20 kDa protein exhibiting high poly-P hydrolytic activity, exceeding that of known plant phosphatases. Mass spectrometry of the active fraction identified a <em>Capsicum annuum</em> protein (STH-21) with no close bacterial homologs, supporting its plant origin. The active fraction showed strong poly-P hydrolysis, with efficiency declining as chain length increased.</div><div>This study provides the first evidence of a polyphosphatase-like enzyme in vascular plants. The discovery of an extracellular, root-derived enzyme capable of long-chain poly-P hydrolysis challenges the prevailing view that plants depend solely on soil microorganisms for hydrolyzation of complex poly-Ps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed heterosis for cadmium tolerance in maize","authors":"Pingxi Wang,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Xingye Ma,&nbsp;Bin Zhao,&nbsp;Xining Jin,&nbsp;Shilin Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Wu,&nbsp;Huaisheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterosis describes superior performance of F₁ hybrids over parents in yield and stress tolerance, yet its role in Cd tolerance remains poorly characterized in maize. This study integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses for the hybrid Zhengdan958 (ZD958) and its parents under cadmium (Cd) stress. Compared to parental lines, ZD958 consistently exhibited superior morphological traits (e.g., plant height, root biomass) and significantly enhanced elevated catalase (CAT) activity under Cd stress. Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for key traits ranged from 2.73 % to 25.90 %, confirming robust hybrid vigor under Cd exposure. Transcriptomic analysis identified 904 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ZD958 under Cd stress, with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealing two key modules. Metabolomic analysis identified 902 metabolites, and the differentially accumulated metabolites in ZD958 primarily enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Analysis of non-additive expression (NAE) genes identified one gene under both conditions, which was also specifically down-regulated in ZD958 under Cd stress. Analysis of allele-specific expression (ASE) genes revealed 12 genetically over-dominant genes in ZD958. Integrated multi-omics analysis highlighted the critical roles of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism in the heterosis of ZD958 to Cd stress. Our findings provide novel insights into how phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch/sucrose metabolism mediate heterosis for Cd tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110265"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling root growth dynamics and rhizosphere microbial responses to waterlogging stress in rapeseed seedlings","authors":"Aqarahim Wasim ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Bian ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Ximin Zhi ,&nbsp;Yifan Cao ,&nbsp;Siyu Gun ,&nbsp;Yuexia Zhang ,&nbsp;Ni Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterlogging is a major abiotic stress that significantly alters ecological biodiversity and threatens crop growth and productivity. Rhizosphere microbial communities are essential for crop mineral nutrition and can help plants withstand stress. However, little is known about how rapeseed rhizosphere microbes respond to waterlogging and their link with soil nutrient availability and root architecture, and physiology. Thus, this study compared root morphological and physiological traits, soil physicochemical properties, and changes in rhizosphere microbial community composition and diversity using 16S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing under waterlogging and normal conditions. The waterlogging stress induced a significant decline in root activity, growth characteristics, and content of nitrogen and potassium. In contrast, the phosphorus content of roots and shoots significantly increased. Rhizosphere bacteria richness and evenness decreased under waterlogging stress, which was associated with a significant decrease in soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In contrast, fungal diversity increased under waterlogging, concordant with increased soil organic matter content after five days. Notably, the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and fungal phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were identified as biomarkers under waterlogging. Interestingly, several Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria, including <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Rhizobium</em>, increased under waterlogging conditions, indicating their potential for enhancing rapeseed mineral nutrition, growth, and tolerance. Besides, harmful fungi such as <em>Fusarium solani</em> increased under waterlogging conditions. Our results enhance our understanding of rapeseed response to waterlogging and the contribution of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi. Moreover, the current study provides theoretical bases for improving rapeseed waterlogging tolerance through soil management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110269"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sugarcane ScMYB3R1-ScPYL61-ScPP2C57 module confers drought tolerance via ABA signaling","authors":"Keyi Luo ,&nbsp;Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Lifang Zeng,&nbsp;Mingkun Chen,&nbsp;Pingping Lin,&nbsp;Xianman Dong,&nbsp;Shuo Jiang,&nbsp;Wei Yao,&nbsp;Muqing Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Hu,&nbsp;Baoqi Li,&nbsp;Shenghua Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress constitutes a significant challenge for plant growth, particularly impacting sugarcane yield and quality. MYB transcription factors play a pivotal role in regulating drought tolerance in plants, yet investigations into the 3R-MYB subfamily remain limited. Here, we identified 35 sugarcane 3R-MYB genes, in which <em>ScMYB3R1</em> significantly responds to PEG and ABA treatments. The overexpression of <em>ScMYB3R1</em> enhanced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis through reducing water loss and activating ABA signaling. Through global gene expression profiling, we found that numerous differentially expressed genes were enriched in ABA signaling and drought stress response pathways. Notably, <em>ScMYB3R1</em> regulated 28.8% of ABA-induced genes and 29.9% of ABA-repressed genes. Further analysis revealed that ScMYB3R1 physically interacts with the ABA receptor ScPYL61, and they collaboratively activate ABA signaling. Additionally, ScPYL61 interacts with the type 2C protein phosphatase ScPP2C57, and ScMYB3R1 promotes this interaction. These findings collectively reveal a novel molecular module, ScMYB3R1-ScPYL61-ScPP2C57, in sugarcane that contributes to drought tolerance in an ABA-dependent manner. This research not only identifies potential candidate genes for improving drought tolerance in sugarcane but also expands our understanding of the functional roles of the 3R-MYB subfamily and ABA signaling mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110247"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and phytohormonal profiling of the adventitious shoot regeneration of Camellia reticulata and functional characterization of the CrSAUR20 gene","authors":"Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianzhao Wang ,&nbsp;Yinxin Yang ,&nbsp;Mei Dao ,&nbsp;Yan Bai ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;Longqing Chen ,&nbsp;Tian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In establishing <em>in vitro</em> regeneration of <em>Camellia reticulata</em>, we found that the callus from the wild <em>C. reticulata</em> plant could differentiate into the adventitious shoot (AS). In contrast, the callus from <em>C. reticulata</em> cultivar ‘Purple Gown’ has not yet differentiated into the AS, and the mechanism of AS regeneration was still unclear. The molecular mechanisms underlying AS regeneration were investigated using transcriptomic profiling and phytohormone quantification. Results showed that the levels of cytokinin, auxin, and other hormones in the callus of the wild <em>C. reticulata</em> plant were significantly changed compared with those of ‘Purple Gown’. Transcriptomic profiling identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in phytohormone signaling and hormone biosynthesis pathways. Among these, the expression of response regulators (<em>ARRs</em>), auxin response factors (<em>ARFs</em>), indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase (<em>YUCCAs</em>), small auxin up-regulated RNAs (<em>SAURs</em>), ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1/2 (<em>ERF1/2</em>), and others significantly differed between the wild <em>C. reticulata</em> plant and ‘Purple Gown’, affecting the development of AS in the callus of the <em>C. reticulata</em>. To further validate the gene function related to hormones, <em>CrSAUR20</em> was cloned as an example and its overexpression vector was constructed. The overexpression of <em>CrSAUR20</em> promoted an increased ratio of auxin-to-cytokinin in transgenic tobacco plants and affected the differentiation of AS and root from the leaf disc of transgenic tobacco plants, suggesting a positive regulatory role of <em>CrSAUR20</em> in auxin signaling transduction. Genotype, phytohormone ratio, and phytohormone crosstalk were critical factors in enhancing AS regeneration capacity in the callus of <em>C. reticulata</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110259"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted metabolomics analysis in tolerant and susceptible landraces of rice under sodicity stress","authors":"Manoharan Akilan ,&nbsp;Paramasiwam Jeyaprakash ,&nbsp;Murugappan Shanmuganathan ,&nbsp;Suresh Meena ,&nbsp;Venugopal Rajanbabu ,&nbsp;Adhimoolam Karthikeyan ,&nbsp;Gunasekaran Ariharasutharsan ,&nbsp;Kathiresan Pravin Kumar ,&nbsp;Palanisamy Savitha ,&nbsp;Sadayandi Geethanjali ,&nbsp;Sampathrajan Vellaikumar ,&nbsp;Chocklingam Vanniarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodicity is a major abiotic stress affecting rice production by disrupting soil structure and impairing major physiological processes in plants. Landraces possess high genetic diversity and exhibit strong adaptation to diverse environmental stresses, including sodicity. In the present study, we screened 47 landraces and identified <em>Norungan</em> as highly tolerant to sodicity based on morpho-physiological traits. Further, we characterized the biochemical and metabolic responses of <em>Norungan</em> and <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em> (Highly susceptible landrace) under control and sodicity stress conditions. Biochemical analysis revealed that efficient photosynthesis, reduced lipid peroxidation, and elevated antioxidant enzyme activities distinguished <em>Norungan</em> from <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em> and provided primary evidence supporting its tolerance. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of <em>Norungan</em> and <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em> identified 103 and 117 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), respectively. The DAMs in <em>Norungan</em> indicated more efficient energy utilization through the TCA cycle and GABA shunt compared to <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em>, along with effective sucrose homeostasis that minimized carbon leakage <em>via</em> dead cells. Although, <em>Norungan</em> exhibited effective sucrose homeostasis, minimizing carbon leakage through dead cells, the upregulation of major osmolytes, such as proline (Fold change – 5.32) further underscored its tolerance. Additionally, the enrichment of pathways such as starch and sucrose metabolism, and the TCA cycle, highlighting <em>Norungan</em>'s adaptive mechanisms underlying sodicity tolerance. Taken together, these findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of sodicity tolerance, which may inform targeted breeding strategies aimed at improving sodicity tolerance in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}