Integrative LC-MS/MS and trait-based assessment of durum wheat genotypes: Insights into quality and stress tolerance from Algerian germplasm

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110533

Lamia Bourouh , Nabila Souilah , Mouad Boulacel , Badis Aouzal , Tahar Hazmoune , Ibrahim Demirtas , Ilyas Yildiz , Fehmi Boufahja , Hassan A. Rudayni , Stefania Garzoli , Hamdi Bendif

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) constitutes a strategic cereal crop for Mediterranean agroecosystems, including Algeria. Enhancing its productivity and quality necessitates exploiting available genetic diversity. This investigation comprehensively evaluated eighteen durum wheat genotypes under subhumid field conditions in Skikda, Algeria, to quantify genetic variability through morpho-physiological traits, biochemical composition, and amino acid profiling via LC-MS/MS. Morpho-physiological assessments revealed disparities in germination capacity with Ovidio and Cirta showing 96 %, cold tolerance (min. 66.66 % in Oued El Bared), leaf relative water content (82.14 % in Sigus), and leaf area. Biochemical analyses demonstrated substantial ranges in wet gluten (26.64–34.52 %) and dry gluten (7.56–12.8 %), identifying ‘Cirta’ as superior for these quality determinants. Differential accumulation of osmolytes (soluble sugars, proline) and variations in photosynthetic pigments were observed. Phytochemical screening highlighted ‘El Tayeb’ for its markedly elevated total polyphenol concentration (28.17 mg GAE/g DE). High-resolution LC-MS/MS quantification of 16 amino acids delineated distinct compositional profiles, exemplified by high L-Alanine in ‘Oued El Bared’ (1103.48 mg/100g) and L-Proline in ‘Bousselam’ (1333.44 mg/100g). This study quantifies significant genetic diversity within the evaluated germplasm, identifying genotypes with potentially superior agronomic adaptation, processing quality (e.g., Cirta), stress tolerance indicators (e.g., Sigus and El Tayeb), and nutritional profiles. These results provide a critical foundation for targeted germplasm utilization in Algerian durum wheat breeding programs aimed at improving yield stability, end-use quality, and resilience in subhumid environments.

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LC-MS/MS和基于性状的硬粒小麦基因型综合评价：阿尔及利亚种质品质和抗逆性研究

硬粒小麦（Triticum Durum Desf.）是地中海农业生态系统（包括阿尔及利亚）的战略谷物作物。提高其生产力和质量需要利用现有的遗传多样性。本研究在阿尔及利亚Skikda的半湿润条件下对18个硬粒小麦基因型进行了综合评价，并利用LC-MS/MS技术通过形态生理性状、生化组成和氨基酸谱分析来量化遗传变异。形态生理评估显示，黄花苜蓿和紫花苜蓿在萌发能力上存在差异，其耐寒性为96%。叶片相对含水量（82.14%）和叶面积。生化分析表明湿面筋（26.64 - 34.52%）和干面筋（7.56 - 12.8%）的差异很大，确定“Cirta”在这些质量决定因素方面更优越。观察到渗透物（可溶性糖、脯氨酸）的不同积累和光合色素的变化。植物化学筛选突出显示El Tayeb的总多酚浓度显著升高（28.17 mg GAE/g DE）。16种氨基酸的高分辨率LC-MS/MS定量描绘了不同的组成谱，例如‘ Oued El Bared ’中的高l -丙氨酸（1103.48 mg/100g）和‘ Bousselam ’中的高l -脯氨酸（1333.44 mg/100g）。本研究量化了被评估种质中显著的遗传多样性，确定了具有潜在优越农艺适应性、加工质量（如Cirta）、抗逆性指标（如Sigus和El Tayeb）和营养概况的基因型。这些结果为阿尔及利亚硬粒小麦育种计划中有针对性的种质资源利用提供了重要基础，旨在提高产量稳定性、最终使用质量和在半湿润环境下的抗灾能力。

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来源期刊

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

11.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

410

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes original theoretical, experimental and technical contributions in the various fields of plant physiology (biochemistry, physiology, structure, genetics, plant-microbe interactions, etc.) at diverse levels of integration (molecular, subcellular, cellular, organ, whole plant, environmental). Opinions expressed in the journal are the sole responsibility of the authors and publication does not imply the editors'' agreement. Manuscripts describing molecular-genetic and/or gene expression data that are not integrated with biochemical analysis and/or actual measurements of plant physiological processes are not suitable for PPB. Also "Omics" studies (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) reporting descriptive analysis without an element of functional validation assays, will not be considered. Similarly, applied agronomic or phytochemical studies that generate no new, fundamental insights in plant physiological and/or biochemical processes are not suitable for publication in PPB. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes several types of articles: Reviews, Papers and Short Papers. Articles for Reviews are either invited by the editor or proposed by the authors for the editor''s prior agreement. Reviews should not exceed 40 typewritten pages and Short Papers no more than approximately 8 typewritten pages. The fundamental character of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry remains that of a journal for original results.