Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy for colorectal cancer: A bibliometric and visualization analysis (1986–2025)","authors":"Xin Wen ,&nbsp;Jiayan Liu ,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhao ,&nbsp;Xu Liu ,&nbsp;Lian Liu ,&nbsp;Zhen Zeng ,&nbsp;Danfeng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising minimally invasive modality for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), offering localized cytotoxicity and potential immune activation. However, a comprehensive overview of the global research landscape in this field is lacking. This study aims to systematically assess the global trends, collaborative networks, influential contributors, and current research status in the use of PDT for CRC via bibliometric analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Publications from 1986 to April 2025 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection via a defined search strategy. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were employed to analyze publication trends, country and institutional networks, journal impact, citation and co-citation patterns, and keyword evolution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 828 publications were included. Global research on PDT for CRC has increased steadily since 2015, with China and the United States being the most prolific contributors. The Chinese University of Hong Kong and the University of Chicago was prominent in terms of productivity and citation impact, respectively. <em>Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy</em> was the leading journal. Keyword and citation burst analyses revealed major research themes and mapped the overall research landscape of PDT in CRC. Enhanced endoscopic visualization has facilitated the application of PDT in CRC, improving the precision of both lesion localization and therapeutic light delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PDT research for CRC is undergoing rapid expansion and increasing interdisciplinary integration. Although substantial progress has been made, its clinical translation remains at a relatively early stage. This bibliometric analysis presents the research landscape of PDT for CRC and highlights key contributors and major themes. While it offers a comprehensive overview for researchers and clinicians, it does not evaluate the validity or clinical relevance of individual studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105368"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized comparative study of 5-Fluorouracil 4%, tirbanibulin, and photodynamic therapy for relapsing actinic keratoses","authors":"Federico Venturi ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Magnaterra ,&nbsp;Alberto Gualandi ,&nbsp;Biagio Scotti ,&nbsp;Carlotta Baraldi ,&nbsp;Aurora Alessandrini ,&nbsp;Sabina Vaccari ,&nbsp;Emi Dika","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Actinic keratosis (AK) reflects a field cancerization process in chronically sun-damaged skin, and relapse after diclofenac therapy is a frequent clinical scenario. Field-directed treatments such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), tirbanibulin, and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are widely used, yet comparative data in post-diclofenac relapse and the contribution of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) to therapeutic monitoring remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To compare the clinical efficacy, tolerability, and subclinical response of 5-FU 4%, tirbanibulin 1%, and PDT in relapsing AK of the scalp, integrating RCM imaging to assess field response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective randomized (1:1:1) study was conducted in 45 patients who previously achieved complete clearance with diclofenac 3% and relapsed within 12 months. Endpoints included clinical clearance at 12 weeks, RCM normalization, recurrence at 6 months, and local skin response (LSR) severity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twelve-week clearance rates were 73.3% for 5-FU, 66.7% for tirbanibulin, and 80.0% for PDT (p=0.711). RCM normalization occurred in 66.7%, 60.0%, and 73.3% of patients, respectively (p=0.741). Recurrence among responders at 6 months was low and comparable (9.1%, 10.0%, and 8.3%; p=0.991). Tirbanibulin showed significantly lower LSR scores versus 5-FU and PDT (p&lt;0.001), indicating superior tolerability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Short-term efficacy of 5-FU, tirbanibulin, and PDT was comparable, while tolerability differed markedly. Tirbanibulin demonstrated the most favorable inflammatory and cosmetic profile, whereas 5-FU and PDT may be preferred when a more intense field effect is desired. RCM detected subclinical persistence in select cases and may serve as an adjunctive imaging tool for monitoring and guiding retreatment in field cancerization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic, polygonal, light-brown scales and fluorescent bright-blue margins: Characteristic dermoscopic clues for granular parakeratosis","authors":"Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianfang Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaopo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Granular parakeratosis (GP) is an uncommon dermatosis characterized by scaly, erythematous to brownish eruptions in intertriginous areas. Diagnosis is challenging and traditionally requires histological confirmation. While dermoscopy and ultraviolet-induced fluorescence dermoscopy (UVFD) offer non-invasive diagnostic approaches, their characteristic findings in GP remain inadequately defined.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to systematically characterize the dermoscopic and UVFD features of GP, with a secondary aim of evaluating their diagnostic utility in differentiating GP from other intertriginous dermatoses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 21 patients with clinicopathologically confirmed GP. Dermoscopic and UVFD data from patients with inverse psoriasis (<em>n</em> = 10), tinea cruris (<em>n</em> = 23), and erythrasma (<em>n</em> = 12) were collected for comparison. Parameters included background color, vascular morphology and distribution, scale color and distribution, and UVFD fluorescence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 21 GP patients (male: female 13:8; mean age 38.4 ± 15.2 years), 71.4% reported prior exposure to disinfectants containing benzalkonium chloride. Symmetrical, erythematous to brown patches/plaques with variable scaling were observed, predominantly in axillae (61.9%), with pruritus /burning in 71.4%. Dermoscopy revealed large, geographic, polygonal, light-brown scales. Under UVFD, 81% of GP exhibited bright-blue margins. Comparative analysis distinguished GP from inverse psoriasis (uniform red background with regular vessels), tinea cruris (peripheral scaling and distinct vascular patterns), and erythrasma (coral-red fluorescence under UVFD, also seen in 60.0% of inverse psoriasis cases).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dermoscopy and UVFD provide reliable, non-invasive diagnostic clues for the GP. The presence of light-brown geographic scales and fluorescent bright-blue margins offers a practical, non-invasive tool for accurate GP diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146109296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and management of hypotension and nausea during 5-aminolevulinic acid-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumors under spinal anesthesia","authors":"Kento Hirao ,&nbsp;Takeshi Sano ,&nbsp;Hisanori Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Masaaki Yanishi ,&nbsp;Koei Muguruma ,&nbsp;Hidefumi Kinoshita","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate intraoperative adverse events in patients undergoing photodynamic diagnosis (PDD)-assisted transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) using oral 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (ALA-PDD-TURBT) under spinal anesthesia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-center retrospective study included 109 patients who underwent ALA-PDD-TURBT under spinal anesthesia between January 2019 and April 2023. Hypotension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≤ 80 mmHg. We evaluated the incidence of any adverse events and investigated the risk factors for hypotension, nausea, and vomiting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hypotension was observed in 64 patients (58.7 %), while nausea and vomiting were observed in 29 patients (26.6 %). No adverse events of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ 3 were observed. No significant association was found between hypotension and various patient-related factors, including age, sex, smoking history, comorbidities, presence of hypertension, use of antihypertensive agents, continuation of antihypertensive medication on the day of surgery, and administration of α-blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia on examination. Regarding nausea and vomiting, the use of phenylephrine was identified as a significant risk factor (odds ratio, 10.2; 95 % confidence interval, 1.92–53.90; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that ALA-PDD-TURBT is a safe procedure with a low risk of severe complications. Although hypotension, nausea, and vomiting were relatively common, they were generally manageable with pharmacological interventions. No strong predictive risk factors for hypotension were identified; however, the use of phenylephrine was associated with an increased risk of nausea and vomiting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spherical equivalent and visual acuity outcomes in the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of bendazol eye drop atomization for slowing myopia progression in children","authors":"Yan Hei Yannis Chan ,&nbsp;Sunny Chi Lik Au","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105366","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146055723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonodynamic therapy inhibition of invasive glioma cells from tumor spheroids","authors":"Akhil Chandekar ,&nbsp;Sophia Renee Laurel ,&nbsp;Keya Gupta,&nbsp;Tyler Lee,&nbsp;Nicole Wakida,&nbsp;Henry Hirschberg","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by extensive tumor cell invasion into normal brain tissue leading to tumor recurrence despite present day treatment protocols. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to inhibit glioma cell invasion, but the poor penetration of light in brain tissue has set limitations. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), utilizing sensitizer activation by ultrasound (US), has been proposed as an alternative to PDT. The advantage of SDT is that US has much lower tissue attenuation compared to visible light, allowing treatment to tumor margins buried deep within the brain and non-invasively through the intact skull. This study evaluates the ability of SDT to inhibit glioma cell invasiveness in a 3D Matrigel matrix glioma cell assay.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Glioma cell spheroids were embedded between 2 layers of Matrigel solution. After gelation, the embedded spheroids are incubated in a medium containing sonosensitizer for 18 h and then exposed to varying intensities and durations of US. Measurements of cell invasion distance were taken 4 days after the spheroids were embedded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SDT significantly inhibited cell invasiveness compared to untreated spheroids and spheroids treated with only US. If administered pre-implantation, SDT also inhibited subsequent cell invasion into the deposited Matrigel matrix. The effects of SDT applied repetitively at lower intensities, had a greater inhibitory effect than single shot treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>From this experimental study using GBM tumor spheroids, the results demonstrated that SDT significantly inhibited cell invasiveness and cell adhesion and had greater inhibitive effects when administered in repetitive form.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Dermoscopy of Pigmented Oral Lesions; A Research Study” [Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy 52(2025)104524]","authors":"Maryam Amirchaghmaghi ,&nbsp;Atessa Pakfetrat ,&nbsp;Bita Kiafar ,&nbsp;Toktam Zamani","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147319370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of ALA-PDT and intracavitary triamcinolone acetonide lavage for perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens: A case series","authors":"Yue Quan ,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Liu ,&nbsp;Danfeng Yuan ,&nbsp;Lisha Tan ,&nbsp;Boyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Xinyue Pang ,&nbsp;Zhongqi Jiang ,&nbsp;Huiping Wang ,&nbsp;Shuping Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens (PCAS) is a chronic, refractory, and recurrent inflammatory disorder of the scalp that severely affects patients’ quality of life and appearance. Despite various available treatments, no optimal therapeutic strategy has been established. Compared to conventional therapies, 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) demonstrates favorable efficacy and tolerability. Pretreatment before photodynamic therapy plays a crucial role in optimizing therapeutic outcomes. This study evaluated the efficacy of ALA-PDT combined with intracavitary triamcinolone lavage in the management of PCAS.</div></div><div><h3>Approach</h3><div>Four patients with PCAS were treated using ALA-PDT following intracavitary triamcinolone lavage pretreatment. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by comparing symptom improvement before and after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All four patients achieved significant clinical improvement and exhibited good treatment tolerance, with no serious adverse reactions observed. During a minimum follow-up period of 6 months, no disease recurrence was detected in any of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ALA-PDT combined with intracavitary triamcinolone lavage pretreatment appears to be a safe and effective therapeutic option for PCAS. This combined approach may offer enhanced clinical outcomes compared with monotherapy, although treatment parameters should be individualized according to each patient’s condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of intermittent exotropia and surgical realignment on myopia progression in myopic children","authors":"Chao Li ,&nbsp;ZhiYin Lou ,&nbsp;WeiFen Gong,&nbsp;ShiBin Lin,&nbsp;WenLi Zhang,&nbsp;Fan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To determine whether untreated intermittent exotropia (IXT) accelerates pediatric myopia and whether strabismus surgery modifies this risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study enrolled 259 children aged 6–14 years with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤ −0.75 D; 90 orthotropic controls, 86 untreated IXT, and 83 post-surgery IXT (PS-IXT) with successful alignment. Exclusion criteria included prior ocular surgery, trauma, or myopia-control interventions. After standardized cycloplegia, certified optometrists measured SER and axial length (AL) at baseline, 6 and 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Baseline SER, AL, age and gender distribution did not differ among the three cohorts (all <em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). At the 12-month endpoint, the IXT group exhibited a significantly greater myopic shift (−0.91 ± 0.36 D vs -0.50(-0.75,-0.37) D; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and axial elongation (0.41 ± 0.17 mm vs 0.30(0.20,0.36) mm; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) relative to orthotropic controls. Similarly, when compared with the surgically aligned (PS-IXT) group, the IXT cohort displayed excess myopic progression (−0.91 ± 0.36 D vs -0.38(-0.63,-0.13) D; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and axial elongation (0.41 ± 0.17 mm vs 0.25(0.13,0.37) mm; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In contrast, the PS-IXT and control groups were comparable for both refractive change (-0.50(-0.75,-0.37) D vs -0.38(-0.63,-0.13) D; <em>P</em> = 0.204) and axial elongation (0.30(0.20,0.36) mm vs 0.25(0.13,0.37) mm; <em>P</em> = 0.998).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Untreated IXT constitutes an independent, modifiable driver of accelerated myopia in children; timely surgical realignment normalizes the subsequent refractive and axial trajectory and should be incorporated into comprehensive myopia-prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146109249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel OCT angiography parameters for analyzing microvascular changes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy after intravitreal conbercept loading injections","authors":"Zikang Xie,&nbsp;Rongtian Chen,&nbsp;Lijun Zhou,&nbsp;Chuangxin Huang,&nbsp;Chenjin Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of intravitreal Conbercept (IVC) loading injections on proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) retinal microvasculature using novel optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 25 eyes of 25 treatment-naïve PDR patients who received monthly IVC for 3 consecutive months. At baseline and after IVC loading injections, OCTA novel parameters, including vessel skeleton density (VSD), vessel diameter index (VDI), fractal dimension (FD), branch vessel tortuosity (BVT) and percentage area of nonperfusion (PAN), were measured in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and traditional OCTA parameters such as vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics were also recorded. Patients were grouped by baseline hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (&lt;8 % vs. ≥8 %) for subgroup analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After IVC loading injections, BCVA improved (P = 0.036), and CMT decreased (P &lt; 0.001). SCP-FD, DCP-VSD, and DCP-FD increased (P = 0.023, 0.031,0.036, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that baseline SCP-PAN was positively correlated with CMT reduction (β = 1.821, P = 0.016). In HbA1c &lt;8 % group, SCP-VDI, DCP-VSD, and DCP-FD increased (P = 0.022, 0.033, 0.033, respectively) after loading injections.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Novel OCTA parameters revealed that IVC loading injections can improve retinal microvasculature in PDR patients. However, using these novel parameters for follow-up and treatment assessment remains challenging under varying image processing conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 105357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}