Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Duration-dependent decoupling of the macular neurovascular unit in type 2 diabetes without retinopathy: A topographic analysis using ultra-widefield OCT angiography","authors":"Cong Chen,&nbsp;Wen-Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Shu-Min Shen,&nbsp;He-Jia Huang,&nbsp;Ya Ye,&nbsp;Zhen Huang,&nbsp;Ming Yan,&nbsp;Yan-Ping Song","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To characterize duration-dependent topographic macular neurovascular unit (NVU) alterations in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) without diabetic retinopathy (DR) using 26×21 mm ultra-widefield swept-source OCT angiography (UWF-SS-OCTA) and evaluate its diagnostic utility for long-duration eyes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 295 eyes (69 controls; 226 T2DM without DR stratified by duration: &lt;5, 5–10, ≥10 years). The superficial vascular density (SVD), deep vascular density (DVD), superficial microvascular density (SMVD), and nerve-fibre-layer microvascular density (NFMVD) were quantified in the fovea (1 mm), inner (1–12 mm) and outer (12–21 mm) rings and their quadrants. Ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness was derived from the 26 × 21 mm OCTA scan. ANCOVA adjusted for age, sex, BMI, hypertension, IOP with false discovery rate correction, multivariable regression, and ROC/decision curve analyses were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Longer duration was associated with progressive GCIPL thinning and deep-predominant DVD reduction across nearly all macular zones (q &lt; 0.05); the DVD deficit was most pronounced in the outer ring. SVD showed nasal-temporal asymmetry; selective nasal inner loss in ≥10-year group. GCIPL–DVD coupling, present in controls, attenuated in ≥10-year group, indicating NVU decoupling. Duration independently predicted GCIPL (β=−0.32) and DVD-M 12–21 (β=−0.23) after adjustment (P &lt; 0.01). DVD alone discriminated ≥10-year eyes from controls (AUC 0.723, 95% CI 0.63–0.81); addition of GCIPL did not improve AUC (0.724, P &gt; 0.05). Decision curve analysis confirmed net clinical benefit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preclinical NVU decoupling, which is predominant in the deep capillary plexus and nasally asymmetric, already occurs in T2DM without fundoscopic DR and progresses with disease duration. Deep-layer UWF-SS-OCTA metrics may strengthen risk stratification before clinical retinopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 105590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148611412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in enhancing photodynamic therapy for actinic keratoses and field-damage with laser pretreatments: A scoping review","authors":"Mehdi Boostani,&nbsp;Cerrene N. Giordano,&nbsp;Drew Kuraitis,&nbsp;Kimberly L. Brady,&nbsp;Michael J. Bax,&nbsp;Norbert Kiss,&nbsp;Nathalie C. Zeitouni,&nbsp;Gyorgy Paragh","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Actinic keratoses (AKs) arise in chronically ultraviolet-damaged skin and may progress to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established field-directed treatment, but efficacy may be limited by lesion thickness, hyperkeratosis, inadequate photosensitizer penetration, acral location, and immunosuppression. Laser pretreatment may enhance PDT by disrupting the epidermal barrier and improving photosensitizer delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify and summarize the clinical evidence on laser pretreatment before PDT for AKs and field cancerization, and compare outcomes with non-laser-pretreated PDT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A scoping review was conducted according to PRISMA-ScR guidance. Embase, Scopus, and PubMed were searched on May 6, 2026, for English-language human studies evaluating laser pretreatment before PDT for AKs or field cancerization. Data were extracted on study design, population, laser device, PDT protocol, outcomes, and adverse events. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>14 studies were included. Seven used carbon dioxide (CO₂) ablative fractional laser pretreatment, six used erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) ablative fractional laser pretreatment, and one used fractional 1927-nm thulium laser pretreatment. Eleven studies directly compared laser-pretreated PDT with non-laser PDT, and three provided supportive evidence without a non-laser PDT comparator. Overall, laser pretreatment improved AK clearance, early lesion reduction, or sustained clearance. Laser pretreatment also reduced recurrence in several trials and maintained higher lesion-specific clearance. Benefits were most evident for thicker lesions and treatment-resistant fields. Adverse events were usually local and transient.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Laser pretreatment, particularly with ablative fractional Er:YAG or CO₂ lasers, can improve outcomes for AKs and field cancerization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 105584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effects of photodynamic therapy combined with antifungal agents on fungal infections: A systematic review","authors":"Robin Sujanto,&nbsp;Yazhi You,&nbsp;Zetao Chen,&nbsp;Yixin Zhang,&nbsp;Longwei Kuang,&nbsp;Junmin Zhang,&nbsp;Liyan Xi,&nbsp;Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fungal infections are a major worldwide health concern requiring novel therapeutic strategies due to the emergence of antifungal drug resistance and frequent disease relapse. An emerging method for treating fungal infections that entails combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) with antifungal medications is believed to be more efficient and effective for fungal eradication.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effects of antifungal agents combined with PDT and assess the treatment outcomes by synthesizing evidence from <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and case report/series.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The literature search was conducted across PubMed and Web of Science from the inception of these databases to April 2026. Data on study design, treatment modalities, therapeutic outcomes, and prognosis were extracted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 68 articles were included, of which 30 were <em>in vitro</em> studies, 4 <em>in vivo</em> studies, 4 RCTs, and 30 were case report/series investigating the effect of PDT treatment with different photosensitizers combined with antifungal agents across diverse experimental and clinical settings. The majority of included studies reported a synergistic effect between antifungal drugs and PDT (n = 67). Notably, this evidence heavily relies on in vitro studies and case reports, with RCTs remaining sparse.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting a synergistic effect of PDT-antifungal combination therapy. Given the current predominance of preclinical and observational data, well-designed RCTs and standardized protocols are necessary to validate these insights and support broader clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 105588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148586496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The macular microvasculature evaluated by OCTA in various stages of keratoconus compared to healthy controls: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Rana Sorkhabi,&nbsp;Ali Mostafaie,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Ahoor,&nbsp;Afshar Teymoorpoor,&nbsp;Rahman Beyrami,&nbsp;Erfan Rezazadeh,&nbsp;Reza Salek,&nbsp;Salar Abed Nikmanesh,&nbsp;Tahereh Attar Gharamaleki,&nbsp;Amin Arasteh","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the macular microvasculature and thickness in keratoconus (KCN) cases with various stagings and compare them with healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>110 eyes of 57 KCN cases (35 males and 22 females) and 150 eyes of 75 controls (25 males and 50 females) entered this cross-sectional study. After a thorough ophthalmic examination and corneal tomography with Pentacam, KCN cases were staged using the Amsler–Krumeich classification. All included eyes underwent macular OCTA using the RTVue XR Avanti system, evaluating vessel density in the superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) in various macular segments, the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and the foveal flow area. Linear mixed-effect models were used to compare parameters between groups, adjusted for age and sex, while accounting for inter-eye correlation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the KCN group, the majority of eyes were in stages 2 and 4 of KCN, 34 eyes (30.9%) in each stage. 22 eyes (20%) were in stage 1, and 20 eyes (18.2%) were in stage 3. The macular vessel density (VD) adjusted for age and gender was significantly lower in KCN cases compared to the controls in all areas in both superficial and deep capillary plexus, except the parafoveal DCP VD, which showed no significant difference. However, macular thickness did not differ significantly between KCN cases and controls. The macular VD in most areas was also significantly lower in stage 4 cases than in stage 1 cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This finding supports the concept that keratoconus may involve posterior segment microvascular alterations in addition to corneal ectasia. Future prospective studies applying standardized OCTA protocols and longitudinal follow-up are needed to determine whether these changes have prognostic value or demonstrate a broader systemic phenotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consequences of changing illumination procedures in photodynamic therapy","authors":"H.C. Wulf ,&nbsp;C.M. Lerche ,&nbsp;P.A. Philipsen ,&nbsp;S.R. Wiegell","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) for actinic keratoses (AK) involves a three-hour accumulation of protoporphyin IX (PpIX) after methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) or 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) application, followed by 7–12 min of illumination which may elicit severe pain. Daylight-mediated PDT greatly reduces pain by activating PpIX while it forms. Various visible light sources can be used to replicate daylight PDT indoors, with either prolonged incubation time before illumination, or a fixed incubation of 30 min. before illumination. Extended incubation before illumination causes more pain, whereas shortening the illumination duration reduces the amount of activated PpIX which may impair treatment efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147583373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal fundus features of Acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome in Han Chinese population introduction","authors":"Hongjuan Peng,&nbsp;Xiuqin Wang,&nbsp;Qiurong Lv,&nbsp;Suyin Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to characterize the multimodal imaging features of acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (AVKH) in Han Chinese patients, with the expectation of providing valuable references for the clinical diagnosis, disease monitoring, and research on the pathological mechanisms of AVKH.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled newly diagnosed Han Chinese AVKH patients meeting revised criteria. All patients underwent multicolor imaging fundus photography (MCIFP), fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). We analyzed the incidence and coexistence patterns of typical fundus features.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-two patients (61 eyes) were included for MCIFP, 28 (55 eyes) for FFA, and 29 (58 eyes) for OCT. The detection rate of neurosensory retinal detachment (NSRD) differed significantly among modalities (&lt; 0.05): OCT (91.4%) &gt; MCIFP (81.9%) &gt; FFA (74.5%). On MCIFP, retinal striae (RS) and optic disc edema (ODE) were present in 80.3% and 32.2% of eyes, respectively, with NSRD+RS as the most frequent pattern. On FFA, pinpoint hyperfluorescent spots (PHS) and optic disc staining (ODS) each occurred in 85.5%, and all eyes showed ≥2 coexisting features. On OCT, internal limiting membrane (ILM) fluctuation was highly common (89.7%), and NSRD combined with ILM fluctuation was observed in 81.0% of eyes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Han Chinese AVKH patients mainly present with multiple coexisting fundus features, with no isolated finding on FFA. NSRD, RS, PHS, ODE, and ILM fluctuation are core hallmarks. We recommend a complementary multimodal pathway: MCIFP for initial screening, FFA for evaluating inflammatory activity, and OCT for assessing microstructural injury and follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148007080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research hotspots and emerging frontiers in photodynamic therapy for basal cell carcinoma: A global bibliometric analysis (2001–2025)","authors":"Yuxi Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Xiang ,&nbsp;Runqun Liu ,&nbsp;Tianming Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105531","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cutaneous malignancy. It correlates strongly with ultraviolet exposure. The incidence of BCC continues to climb annually. Consequently, the demand for safe, cosmetically favorable, and highly effective therapies is pressing. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has captured significant research interest due to its therapeutic efficacy against BCC. This study aims to investigate current research hotspots, knowledge gaps, and future trends concerning PDT in BCC management.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We mapped the research landscape and developmental trends of dermatological PDT for BCC. This analysis utilized visual knowledge graphs derived from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and Scopus. A comprehensive literature search covered publications on BCC and PDT from 2001 to 2025. Search queries were conducted in English. Subsequent evaluations included scientific performance analysis, collaboration networks (authors, institutions, and countries), reference co-citation networks, and keyword burst analysis. We utilized VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix to process the resulting data.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The initial search retrieved 2458 records. Following deduplication and data conversion, 1551 articles were included in the final analysis. Publication volume surged notably between 2004 and 2009. The United States and the United Kingdom emerged as the primary contributing nations. Maastricht University was identified as the leading research institution. References exhibiting the highest centrality predominantly centered on key consensus guidelines established by the International Society for Photodynamic Therapy. They also focused on the therapeutic efficacy and cosmetic advantages in treating nodular BCC. High-frequency keywords were dominated by \"Photodynamic therapy\" and \"Basal cell carcinoma.\" Furthermore, cluster analysis mapped all keywords into three fundamental domains: disease classification, core pharmacology and mechanisms, and combined or controlled treatment modalities. Within the analyzed corpus of 1551 papers, R. Szeimies and C. Morton emerged as the most prolific authors. They made the most substantial contributions to the field. Keyword analysis also illuminated other high-frequency terms. These included Actinic keratosis, Squamous cell carcinoma, Aminolevulinic acid, Methyl aminolevulinate, Imiquimod, and Pain. Finally, the keyword timeline visualization revealed several emerging research hotspots. Notably, these are optical coherence tomography, immunotherapy, drug delivery, and the hedgehog pathway.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;PDT offers a dual advantage over conventional therapies for BCC. It successfully balances clinical efficacy with superior cosmetic outcomes. This study represents the first global, quantitative literature analysis on the intersection of BCC and PDT. It identifies several established research h","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148140739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior pole shape and its association with axial length and high myopia","authors":"Ze-xu Wang ,&nbsp;Bin Wei ,&nbsp;Yi-chong Duan ,&nbsp;Dan-na Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaorong Wu ,&nbsp;Qin Gong ,&nbsp;Rui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To quantify retinal curvature as a geometric descriptor of posterior pole configuration and to evaluate association with axial length and high myopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This dual-center observational study included 142 participants (284 eyes). Retinal curvature was derived from three-dimensional reconstruction of the Bruch’s membrane surface using wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography after axial length–based magnification correction. Curvature was summarized across predefined macular regions. Eye-level associations of high myopia (HM) and axial length with retinal curvature were evaluated using generalized estimating equations adjusted for age, sex, and imaging center. Interocular analyses were performed using linear regression models relating interocular axial length differences (ΔAL) to corresponding differences in retinal curvature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In eye-level analyses, HM was associated with lower RC5 (β = −0.041; 95% CI, −0.071 to −0.012; q = 0.021), RC6 (β = −0.088; 95% CI, −0.114 to −0.063; q &lt; 0.001), and superior retinal curvature (RCS; β = −0.066; 95% CI, −0.097 to −0.035; q &lt; 0.001). Per 1-mm greater axial length, lower values were observed for RC5 (β = −0.026; 95% CI, −0.038 to −0.014; q &lt; 0.001), RC6 (β = −0.046; 95% CI, −0.058 to −0.033; q &lt; 0.001), RCS (β = −0.030; 95% CI, −0.043 to −0.018; q &lt; 0.001), and RCT (β = −0.019; 95% CI, −0.032 to −0.006; q = 0.014). In interocular analyses, ΔAL was positively associated with ΔRC3 (β = 0.120; 95% CI, 0.079 to 0.160; q &lt; 0.001) and ΔRCS (β = 0.041; 95% CI, 0.007 to 0.075; q = 0.026), but inversely associated with ΔRC6 (β = −0.087; 95% CI, −0.127 to −0.048; q &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Retinal curvature provides a region-specific geometric characterization of posterior pole configuration. In myopic eyes, curvature demonstrates spatially heterogeneous associations with axial length and high myopia, with more pronounced variation in outer regions. These findings support the use of curvature-based metrics to describe spatial variation in posterior pole geometry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Retinal doughnut”: A characteristic analysis of the retinal large Gaussian curvature annular region","authors":"Jingying Liu ,&nbsp;Guoren Xu ,&nbsp;Zhen Huang ,&nbsp;Ming Yan ,&nbsp;Ya Ye ,&nbsp;Yanping Song","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the retinal large Gaussian curvature annular region (RLCA) in myopic patients using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with myopia underwent 24 mm × 20 mm macular OCTA, and retinal curvature (RC) maps were generated. Key RLCA parameters, mean radius (r_mean) and radial distance (R) from the maximum RC point (RCmax) to the fovea, were quantified and correlated with axial length (AL), RCmax, and central macular retinal curvature (RCc).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 68 patients (136 eyes) were included in this study. The r_mean exhibited a significant negative correlation with both RCmax and RCc. In contrast, no statistically significant correlation was observed between the r_mean and AL. Furthermore, R showed significant negative correlations with AL, RCmax, and RCc. Notably, r_mean was strongly and positively correlated with R. Additionally, RCmax demonstrated a significant negative correlation with AL but a significant positive correlation with RCc.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The retinal morphology in the “retinal doughnut” region may be associated with the inherent morphological development of the eye to a large extent. Specifically, the smaller eyes exhibited larger RCc and RCmax values along with a smaller r_mean, whereas the larger eyes showed the opposite pattern. Nevertheless, AL may be associated with local morphological changes within this region, which are mainly reflected in the RCmax area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148102420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding post-publication retractions — Implications for scientific integrity and scholarly accountability","authors":"Fawad Javed ,&nbsp;Khalid Almas","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2026.105514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Post-publication retractions have become an increasingly visible and contentious feature of contemporary academic publishing. Despite the rigorous expectations of peer review and editorial oversight, recent bibliometric analyses show that retractions have increased over the past two decades, with misconduct accounting for most cases. Yet authors are disproportionately held accountable for rejections, while institutional failures, inadequate research governance, and compromised or superficial peer review often remain unaddressed. This commentary critically examines the multifactorial reasons for article retractions, including honest or unintentional mistakes, scientific misconduct, compromised image or data integrity, authorship violations, editorial lapses, and political influence. The commentary also highlights the extent to which such events expose systemic weaknesses across journals, institutions, and regulatory frameworks. To address these challenges, future recommendations, including enhanced editorial accountability, stronger institutional integrity frameworks, standardized retraction procedures, article processing fee reform policies, and global guidelines outlining shared responsibility for research integrity have been proposed. Although post-publication retractions serve as an essential corrective mechanism in scholarly publishing, the multifactorial nature of retractions underscores the need for a shared-responsibility framework rather than an author-centric attribution of blame.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 105514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147960421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}