Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"A novel transendoscopically implantable miniature silicone-rubber marker emitting high-intensity near-infrared fluorescence for image-guided laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery: HICARL bullet","authors":"Takayuki Sato ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Sumida ,&nbsp;Hiromi Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A recent advancement in imaging technology for near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) with high penetrance of biological tissues allows for precise and safe image-guided surgery. Here, we developed a prototype of a transendoscopically implantable miniature NIRF silicone-rubber marker, HICARL bullet, and experimentally confirmed its NIRF performance required for image-guided laparoscopic surgery of the alimentary tract.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The HICARL bullet with a diameter of 0.7 mm and a length of 3 mm was molded from NIRF silicone rubber we developed previously, emitting NIRF at a wavelength of 820–880 nm in response to excitation light at a wavelength of 740–800 nm. A specialized tool was fabricated for transendoscopically implanting the HICARL bullet into the submucosa of the alimentary tract through a forceps bore within a gastrointestinal videoscope.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HICARL bullet demonstrated 9.3 times higher NIRF brightness than an ethanol solution of indocyanine green (5 μg/mL), and was unambiguously identified by its NIRF with high intensity through a 15-mm-thick chicken muscle strip. The transendoscopically implanted HICARL bullet into the submucosa of an in vivo porcine stomach exhibited superior visibility from the serosa side when compared to a commercially available NIRF clip (ZEOCLIP FS, Zeon Medical) placed on the mucosa.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The HICARL bullet could serve as a promising NIRF marker for reliably delineating the demarcation line during image-guided laparoscopic surgery for gastrointestinal cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for treating peri-implant diseases in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zhen-Fang Ni ,&nbsp;Ping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan-Fei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis rigorously assesses the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on peri‑implant diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five databases were systematically searched from inception to December 2024. Primary outcomes included probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), marginal bone level (MBL), and plaque scores; secondary outcomes were interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α). Prediabetic individuals were excluded because peri-implant diseases mechanisms differ substantially from those in T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five trials (98–235 participants per outcome) were included. In short‑term (≤3 months), aPDT yielded significant reductions in PD (SMD –0.41, –0.73 to –0.09; I²=0 %), BOP (−0.81, −1.51 to −0.12; I²=76 %), and plaque scores (–0.51, –0.80 to –0.22; I²=0 %), with no significant change in MBL (–0.25, –0.62 to 0.12; I²=35 %). In short‑term, IL‑6 decreased (–0.33, –0.62 to –0.04; I²=0 %), whereas TNF‑α did not (–0.17, –0.50 to 0.17; I²=0 %). In medium‑term (3–12 months), benefits persisted for PD (–1.90, –3.50 to –0.30; I²=94 %), BOP (−1.11, −1.90 to −0.32; I²=81 %), MBL (–0.72, –1.01 to –0.44; I²=0 %), and plaque scores (–0.54, –0.96 to –0.12; I²=28 %). In medium‑term, IL‑6 (–0.30, –0.64 to 0.04; I²=0 %) and TNF‑α (–0.20, –0.62 to 0.22; I²=0 %) remained reduced but with no statistically significant differences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>APDT confers significant short‑ and medium‑term improvements in peri‑implant clinical and inflammatory outcomes among T2DM. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to limitations in the number of included trials and length of follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104684"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of photobiomodulation and leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin on bone regeneration in rat critical defects","authors":"Ali Sadeghian ,&nbsp;Bita Rohani ,&nbsp;Sadegh Hasannia ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mashhadiabbas ,&nbsp;Reza Fekrazad","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (LPRF) and LPRF combined with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT/LPRF) on bone regeneration in critical-sized defects.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Forty-six male Wistar rats, weighing 200 ± 20 g, aged 9 weeks ± 2, were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) bone material with normal saline referred to as Control, (2) bone material with LPRF, referred to as BL, (3) bone material with LPRF and PBMT referred to as BLP, and (4) bone material with normal saline and PBMT referred to as BP. Bone defects of 8 mm were created in the calvaria using a trephine bur under anesthesia. Bone graft material mixed with normal saline or LPRF was applied to the defect sites, followed by coverage with a collagen membrane. The PBMT groups received laser treatment (WL:810 nm, Irradiation mode: CW,P:200 mW, ED:8 J/cm², Spot size:0.5 cm², Total dose:96 J/cm²) . All groups were evaluated after 30 days for histological analysis of bone regeneration, inflammatory response and soft tissue healing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included forty-six subjects across four groups: BLP (23.9%), BL (23.9%), Control (26.1%), and BP (26.1%). Connective tissue analysis revealed that BL and BLP groups had 81.8% loose connective tissue, while the Control group had 91.7% loose connective tissue and 8.3% fibrosis. Moreover, the BP group had 58.3% of subjects showing loose connective tissue, 33.3% forming granulation tissue, and 8.3% developing fibrosis. Additionally, in the BP group, other tissues such as normal connective tissue were also present, though in smaller proportions. In terms of scaffold remaining and new bone generation, the BL group had 45.45% (SD = 22.67) scaffold and 7.29% (SD = 2.77) new bone. The BLP group showed higher scaffold remaining (46.09%, SD = 17.91) and significantly more new bone (16.61%, SD = 9.08). The Control group had a scaffold remaining of 54.21% (SD = 21.41) and new bone generation of 6.84% (SD = 2.32). The BP group exhibited the highest scaffold remaining (61.03%, SD = 15.13) but lower new bone generation (6.73%, SD = 2.77). Moreover, the groups receiving PBMT exhibited enhanced and accelerated soft tissue healing during the initial three weeks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Results of the present study proved that PBMT with LPRF expresses significant bone regeneration in critical-sized defects than each treatment performed separately when compared to those from the control group, however, this benefit needs to be confirmed with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue light-emitting diode: a new adjuvant approach to conventional treatment of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis","authors":"Isadora Bastiani Biondo ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Rossi Balbinotti ,&nbsp;Fernanda Santos Grossi ,&nbsp;Eduardo Vettorazzi-Stuczynski ,&nbsp;Janete Vettorazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) presents challenges due to the adverse effects and resistance associated with prolonged antifungal therapy, highlighting the need for alternative treatments. This single-blind randomized trial evaluated intravaginal phototherapy with a 415 ± 13.7 nm blue LED as an adjunct to standard RVVC therapy. Participants were randomized to a control group (no light for 35 min) or experimental groups (light for 30 or 40 min) over three weekly sessions at 7 ± 3-day intervals. Clinical evaluations, microbiological analyses, and questionnaire assessments were conducted during the sessions and at 30 and 180 days, with symptom monitoring at 60, 90, 120, and 150 days. Thirteen women (mean age 28.92 years) were randomized into three groups: 30-minute (<em>n</em> = 5), 40-minute (<em>n</em> = 4), and control (<em>n</em> = 4). At 30 days, 61.5 % of participants showed a reduction of 50 % or more in the semiquantitative scores of signs and symptoms, rising to 76.9 % at 180 days, with the greatest improvements in the 30-minute and control groups. Significant symptom reduction was observed in the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). At 180 days, 53.8 % of participants had negative <em>Candida</em> cultures, predominantly in the 30-minute group. The therapy was well-tolerated, with high satisfaction scores in the control (5.00 ± 0.20) and 30-minute groups (4.20 ± 0.33). Phototherapy with a 415 ± 13.7 nm blue LED for 30 min demonstrated therapeutic potential as an adjunctive treatment for RVVC. Further studies with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings and strengthen clinical evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term effects of deep sclerectomy on retinal vessel density and visual field function in primary open-angle glaucoma","authors":"Nazli Taheri ,&nbsp;Ali Mostafaie ,&nbsp;Mohamad Reza Niyousha ,&nbsp;Behzad Fallahi Motlagh ,&nbsp;Amir Ali Ghorbanpour ,&nbsp;Amin Arasteh","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To explore the short-term effects of Mitomycin C-augmented non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) procedure on the retinal microvasculature and visual field function of eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Single-arm, non-randomized, interventional prospective study</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>22 POAG eyes of 22 patients without previous surgical interventions for glaucoma, whose disease was progressing and/or the intraocular pressure was not at the target level with full topical medications, were allocated to this prospective interventional study. All the patients underwent the NPDS procedure and were followed up for a month. The IOP, Humphrey visual field (HVF) 30–2 (as mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD)), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and the vessel density (VD) of the optic nerve head (ONH) and macula (by RTVue XR Avanti OCTA) were evaluated one day before the surgery and one month after the NPDS procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At the one-month post-op follow-up, the IOP was significantly lower than the pre-op visit (8 mmHg vs. 23.5 mmHg, p: &lt;0.001). The visual field MD was significantly better one month after the NPDS procedure (-13.06 dB vs. -15.44 dB, p:0.038), although the PSD did not indicate any significant change. Neither the peripapillary nor the macular VD significantly changed in our follow-up. However, the post-op MD was significantly and positively correlated to the ONH whole image, peripapillary, perifoveal, and parafoveal VD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The deep sclerectomy procedure is a compelling choice of POAG treatment, which could significantly decrease the IOP. However, this procedure may not alter the retinal microvasculature in a short period. Nevertheless, the positive correlation between retinal VD and the visual field MD proposes a possible vascular mechanism for the visual field defect in glaucomatous eyes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PDT combined with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy is superior to PDT alone in Actinic Keratosis","authors":"Xianmin Meng ,&nbsp;Chaofeng Xia ,&nbsp;Hong Luan ,&nbsp;Wenhui Liu ,&nbsp;Yongguo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background:</em> Actinic keratosis (AK) possesses the potential to progress into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is acknowledged as a preferred treatment modality for AK. To improve clinical clearance rates, combination strategies that integrate PDT with other therapeutic approaches are often utilized. This study seeks to assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of combining cryotherapy with PDT in the management of AK. <em>Methods:</em> In this single-center study, 66 patients with histopathologically and/or dermatoscopically confirmed actinic keratosis were enrolled. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: one receiving liquid nitrogen cryotherapy combined with photodynamic therapy (LN-PDT) and the other receiving control photodynamic therapy (C-PDT), comprising 35 and 31 patients, respectively. Follow-up was conducted for a minimum duration of 6 months. Dermoscopy follow-up examinations were systematically performed at 3-month and 6-month intervals post-final treatment. The primary outcome measure was the rate of initial complete clearance at the 3-month mark, whereas the secondary outcome focused on sustained complete clearance at 6 months. Treatment efficacy and adverse reaction profiles were meticulously documented and underwent comparative analysis between the two therapeutic groups. <em>Results:</em> At the 3-month follow-up post-final treatment, the initial complete clearance rates were 93.6 % and 68.4 % in the two respective groups, indicating a statistically significant difference (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). At the 6-month follow-up, sustained complete clearance rates were 95.1 % and 72.6 % in the respective groups, with similarly significant intergroup statistical differences <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>Conclusion:</em> For the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) lesions, the combination of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy and photodynamic therapy was more therapeutically effective than photodynamic therapy alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early changes in choroidal thickness and ocular biometry in predicting who will achieve full myopia control with repeated low-level red light therapy","authors":"Yanxian Chen ,&nbsp;Mingge Li ,&nbsp;Xianwen Shang ,&nbsp;Guangyu Li ,&nbsp;Ziwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Pengju Li ,&nbsp;Yanjun Liu ,&nbsp;Ruilin Xiong ,&nbsp;Mengying Lai ,&nbsp;Yueye Wang ,&nbsp;Mingguang He ,&nbsp;Zhuoting Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the early predictors for achieving full myopia control with repeated low-level red light (RLRL) therapy based on two independent randomized clinical trials (RCTs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Myopic children undergoing RLRL therapy from a multi-center RCT (training set) and a single-center RCT (validation set) were included. Full myopia control was defined as axial elongation &lt;0.1mm/year. Variables included age, sex, baseline refraction, ocular parameters at baseline, 1 and 3 months (axial length [AL] and subfoveal choroidal thickness [sChT]), as well as their rates of change over the first 3 months. Four random forest models to predict full myopia control after 1 year and a logistic regression was used to estimate 2-year outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 148 children were analyzed. The proportions of 1-year full myopia control was 54.2 % of eyes in the training set and 55.0 % in the validation set. Random forest models incorporating the rate of change in AL and sChT showed high predictive accuracy (AUC: 0.97 to 0.98) in external validation. The rate of change in AL contributed the most for model accuracy. For 2-year control, the rate of AL change had an AUC of 0.99 while the rate of change in sChT achieved only 0.69.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The rate of change in AL during the first three months emerged as the most important predictor for treatment outcomes at both 1-year and 2-year, rather than the change in sChT. Early monitoring of AL changes could be a valuable tool for identifying children most likely to benefit from this intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral retinal changes and ocular parameters in myopic patients: A Retrospective analysis pre- and post- refractive surgery","authors":"Linlin Xu ,&nbsp;Wenqi Song ,&nbsp;Huijuan Xu ,&nbsp;Youyang Yue ,&nbsp;Yunfei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate peripheral retinal changes and analyze various ocular parameters in myopic patients both before and after undergoing refractive surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analyzed 116 patients 139 eyes who underwent refractive surgery, divided into mild, moderate, and high myopia groups. Patients were also categorized by peripheral retinal lesion severity: normal fundus, untreated, or treated. Treated patients received preventive therapy for retinal diseases before surgery. Preoperative and postoperative data, including visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure, axial length, pupil diameter, corneal tomography, and fundus images, were collected at 1 day, 6 months, and 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences in preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity, axial length (AL), and spherical equivalent (SE) were found among the groups, with higher myopia associated with worse uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and longer AL. However, no significant differences in peripheral retinal lesions were observed. Surgical preferences varied: <em>l</em>aser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) was most common in the mild group 39.13 %, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in the moderate group 70.83 %, and femtosecond laser assisted-laser in-situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) in the high myopia group 66.67 %. Postoperative outcomes were stable, with no new retinal holes or detachments noted during follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study confirms that higher myopia correlates with worse UDVA and longer AL but challenges the notion that high myopia consistently leads to more severe peripheral retinal lesions. These findings emphasize the need for further research to clarify the myopia-retinal complication relationship and refine clinical guidelines for managing myopic patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Parkinson’s diagnosis: An OCT-based explainable AI with SHAP/LIME transparency from the Persian Cohort Study","authors":"Zohreh Ganji ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Nikparast ,&nbsp;Naser Shoeibi ,&nbsp;Ali Shoeibi ,&nbsp;Hoda Zare","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis remains challenging due to subjective clinical assessments and late-stage symptom manifestation. Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers, reflecting neurodegenerative changes, offer a non-invasive diagnostic avenue. This study integrates retinal OCT with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to address PD diagnostic uncertainties.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Leveraging data from the Persian Cohort Study (202 PD patients, 972 controls), we developed a 6-layer deep neural network (DNN) combining OCT biomarkers (foveal thickness and volume) and clinical variables (motor scores, olfactory dysfunction). Synthetic Minority Oversampling (SMOTE) mitigated class imbalance (PD:Healthy ≈ 1:5). Model interpretability was ensured via SHAP (global feature importance) and LIME (local explanations).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study developed an explainable AI framework integrating retinal OCT biomarkers and clinical data to diagnose Parkinson’s disease (PD) with 95.3 % accuracy and 0.98 AUC-ROC. Using data from the Persian Cohort (1176 participants), the model identified SUPERIOR4 thickness (&lt;120 µm) and foveal volume expansion (&gt;0.15 mm³) as key biomarkers, alongside motor and olfactory deficits. SHAP/LIME provided interpretable thresholds (e.g., SUPERIOR4 &lt;120 µm = high risk), while SMOTE mitigated class imbalance, reducing false negatives by 12 % without compromising specificity (94.8 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study pioneers a transparent, OCT-based AI framework for PD diagnosis, emphasizing early detection through retinal neurodegeneration patterns. The integration of multimodal data, explainability, and imbalance robustness positions it as a scalable tool for resource-limited settings. Future work should validate biomarkers across diverse populations and standardize OCT protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-operative laser angiography measurement of skin perfusion using indocyanine green dye in surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer: A feasibility study","authors":"Berend S.R. Bremer ,&nbsp;Constanze Scholman ,&nbsp;Max J.H. Witjes ,&nbsp;Schelto Kruijff ,&nbsp;György B. Halmos ,&nbsp;Boudewijn E.C. Plaat","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Total laryngectomy (TL) is one of the primary or salvage treatment options for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. After salvage TL (STL), delayed wound healing, due to poor tissue perfusion and hypoxia is frequent. This study aimed to assess whether measurement of skin perfusion using intra-operative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence laser angiography is feasible in patients undergoing total laryngectomy and/or neck dissection for laryngeal cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients who underwent primary TL, STL and/or neck dissection for laryngeal cancer were included. ICG fluorescence measurements were performed intra-operatively using the Quest Spectrum® 2 Camera. A total of 28 point and 4 field measurements were performed of skin perfusion pre- and post-operatively below and above the skin incision. Peak fluorescence (Fmax) and ingress rate (IR) were measured for comparing mean perfusion levels and estimating variance using non-parametric statistical tests. Correlation of perfusion levels with previous radiotherapy and postoperative wound complications was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In each of the six included patients, 32 measurements were performed (total: 192). Point and field method outcomes were strongly correlated (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Mean Fmax was 121.1 (I) (± 41.34 SD) for point and 123.9 (I) (± 42.9 SD) for field measurements. Mean IR was 10.4 (I/s) (± 2.75 SD) for point and 9.9 (I/s) (± 3.03 SD) for field measurements. Point measurements showed high intra-patient variation. Inter-patient variation of skin perfusion was also high both for cranial and caudal flap and for pre- and post-operative measurements. No clinically relevant associations between perfusion levels and radiotherapy or wound complications were found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Laser angiography using ICG can reliably perform skin perfusion measurements, yet it is not clinically applicable to the clinical situation studied, since no consistent patterns or reference perfusion levels can be identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 104670"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}