Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"The disinfectant effects of portable ultraviolet light devices and their application to dentures","authors":"Kae Harada ,&nbsp;Reiya Horinouchi ,&nbsp;Mamoru Murakami ,&nbsp;Masakazu Isii ,&nbsp;Yuji Kamashita ,&nbsp;Naohiro Shimotahira ,&nbsp;Fumio Suehiro ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Nishi ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Murata ,&nbsp;Masahiro Nishimura","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interest in ultraviolet (UV) light devices for disinfection has increased due to pandemic concerns, but their efficacy in denture disinfection is underexplored. This study evaluated seven-enclosed type portable UV irradiation devices (devices A–G). Among these, devices A, B, and C used bulb light sources, while devices D, E, F, and G utilized LED (light-emitting diode) light sources. All devices were assessed in agar plate assay, and <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> spread on agar plates and irradiated under two conditions: inoculated surface facing upward and downward. Colony counts were recorded. Devices A and D were tested on <em>C. albicans</em>-contaminated dentures immersed in <em>C. albicans</em> medium, with samples collected before and after irradiation on the mucosal surfaces of the dentures. Device A was tested on denture-wearing patients in a clinical study, with samples collected from mucosal surfaces before and after irradiation to assess microbial CFUs (colony forming units). Devices A, C, and D significantly reduced <em>C. albicans</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> on plates with the inoculated surface facing upward, while device F showed a slight reduction when the inoculated surfaces were facing downward. Devices A and D eliminated <em>C. albicans</em> on contaminated dentures in vitro. Device A reduced all microorganism CFUs on denture surfaces in clinical studies. This study demonstrates that some portable UV light devices effectively reduce microbial contamination on denture surfaces, suggesting their potential as valuable tools for improving denture hygiene in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of retinal vascular abnormalities in the fellow eyes of children with Coats’ disease and normal subjects using ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography","authors":"Shenshen Yan ,&nbsp;Haixia Ji ,&nbsp;Yuzhu Liu ,&nbsp;Haicheng She ,&nbsp;Haiying Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate retinal vascular abnormalities in the affected and fellow eyes of children with Coats’ disease using Optos® ultra-widefield fundus fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) and compare the peripheral vascular abnormalities between fellow eyes and normal control eyes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Children diagnosed with Coats’ disease who underwent UWFFA were retrospectively reviewed. Healthy eyes with complete UWFFA data were selected as controls. Retinal vascular abnormalities of the primary affected, fellow eyes and normal control eyes were recorded by investigating the UWFFA images.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 190 eyes of 95 patients with unilateral Coats’ disease, 83 (87.4%) were male, and the median age was 9.00 (7.00, 12.25) years (4–18 years). 93 (97.9%) fellow eyes had peripheral capillary telangiectasia that most commonly located in the temporal periphery. 59 (62.1%) fellow eyes had microaneurysms and 19 (20.0%) had vascular leakage; 29 (30.5%) fellow eyes had peripheral vascular tortuosity and 86 (90.5%) eyes had peripheral right-angle vessels. Peripheral capillary non-perfusion (CNP) were found in 31.6% (30/95) fellow eyes. We also found that the terminal vascular patterns in the fellow eyes were mainly loop pattern, accounting for 90.5%. The incidence of capillary bed abnormalities, vascular leakage, right-angle vessels and CNP were significantly higher in fellow eyes of Coats’ disease than control eyes (p&lt;0.001, p=0.044, p&lt;0.001, p=0.001, respectively). Regarding the terminal vascular patterns, the proportion of loop pattern in fellow eye group was significantly higher than that in control eye group (p&lt;0.001). A total of 21 Coats’ patients had follow-up UWFFA data. The average follow-up time was 13.19±10.09 (3–35) months. There was no significant change in peripheral retinal vascular abnormalities in the fellow eye of all patients between the first and last visit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Because Optos® UWFFA device is able to quickly take panoramic fundus images using mild excitation light without contacting the cornea, it allows the detection of peripheral vascular changes in the fellow eyes of children with Coats’ disease. Contrary to the previous belief that Coats’ disease is a “unilateral condition”, our finding shows that Coats’ disease appears to be a highly asymmetric bilateral disease, and the peripheral vascular abnormalities in the fellow eye remains stable in short term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between choroidal thickness and rate of axial elongation in orthokeratology lens users","authors":"Riping Zhang ,&nbsp;Suoqing Zhuang ,&nbsp;Youming Zhou ,&nbsp;Man Pan Chin ,&nbsp;Lixia Sun ,&nbsp;Vishal Jhanji ,&nbsp;Mingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the impact of using orthokeratology lenses (OK lenses) for one year on the axial length (AL) and choroidal thickness (ChT) in the 6 mm concentric central retinal region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>36 myopic children (36 eyes) aged 8 to 16 years were enrolled. For the duration of one year, the OK group (18 subjects) utilized OK lenses, while the spectacles group (18 subjects) utilized single-vision spectacles as a control. Only their right eyes were used for analysis. ChT in nine regions of the retina was evaluated using optical coherence tomography. AL and other ocular parameters were measured using optical biometry. The measurements were obtained at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 12 months of treatment, the OK group showed a reduced rate of AL elongation. The first interval (baseline to 3 months) saw the most notable alteration (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). ChT increased in most regions after wearing OK lenses, except for the nasal retinal region. However, the alteration in nasal ChT exhibited the strongest association with the alteration in AL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The efficacy of myopia control with OK lenses is most pronounced during the initial months of wear. Alterations in the thickness of the nasal choroidal region may correlate with the elongation of the AL, implying its potential role as a biomarker for assessing the efficacy of OK lenses in myopia control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematoporphyrin derivative-photodynamic therapy (HpD-PDT) for extensive vulvar and vaginal Bowen's disease: A case report","authors":"Xiaoqing Xiang ,&nbsp;Yanliang Li ,&nbsp;Can Shi ,&nbsp;Runqun Liu ,&nbsp;Guozhang Ma ,&nbsp;Yunyun Cao ,&nbsp;Lianheng Xia ,&nbsp;Jie Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bowen's disease (BD) is an intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that commonly affects older individuals, with the vulva being a prevalent site in women. Lesions within the vagina pose a particular challenge for surgical treatment, often compromising both functional integrity and cosmesis. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging, safe, and non-invasive technique utilizing a photosensitizer and a specific light source, widely applied in the treatment of malignancies and skin diseases. We report the case of a 74-year-old woman presenting with a large, dark brown patch on the vulva, histopathologically confirmed as BD. The patient also had lesions within the vagina. Hematoporphyrin derivative-photodynamic therapy (HpD-PDT) was administered, with an optical fiber used for targeted treatment of the vaginal lesions. Complete resolution of the lesions was observed after a single treatment. A follow-up biopsy at 7 months post-treatment revealed no residual tumor cells. The patient remains disease-free at 2 years follow-up and continues to be monitored. This case suggests that HpD-PDT is a viable treatment option for BD, and may be particularly advantageous for elderly patients with extensive or vaginally located lesions, where preserving function and cosmesis is paramount.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic nerve head changes in acute central serous chorioretinopathy: Implications for glaucoma risk","authors":"Esma Ecem Ersoy,&nbsp;Ebubekir Durmuş","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Imaging techniques have demonstrated changes in the choroid and retina in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), but the effects on the optic nerve head (ONH) remain unclear. This study investigates ONH structural changes in acute CSCR using enhanced deep imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective cohort study included 51 acute CSCR patients and 51 healthy controls aged 18–65 years. Patients had symptoms for less than three months, with no prior treatment or ocular pathology. Participants with refractive errors of ±6D spherical or less and ±3D cylindrical or less were included, while with optic nerve/choroidal conditions, corticosteroid use, systemic diseases like sleep apnea, and media opacities were excluded. Comprehensive eye exams and EDI-OCT were performed to evaluate retinal, choroidal, and ONH parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) (434.51±95.45 µm vs. 289.55±87.21 µm) and peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) (282.12±79.14 µm vs. 180.79±53.99 µm) were significantly higher in the CSCR group compared to controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 for both). Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) (107.14±15.15 µm vs. 101.06±14.31 µm, <em>p</em> = 0.04) and lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT) (307.14±63.83 µm vs. 200.04±54.23 µm, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) were significantly higher, while anterior laminar depth (ALD) and Bruch's membran opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) were significantly lower in the acute CSCR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In acute CSCR, increased SFCT is accompanied by a corresponding rise in PPCT, leading to significant ONH structural changes and enhanced blood flow, potentially offering glaucoma protection. However, further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of chronic CSCR on choriocapillaris ischemia and optic nerve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosing intervals in Comparison of one-year real-world outcomes between red (670 nm) subthreshold micropulse laser treatment and intravitreal aflibercept injection for treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema","authors":"Kai Ching Peter Leung,&nbsp;Sunny, Chi Lik Au","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104484","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of tumoral, stromal and glycolitic markers in the response basal cell carcinoma and Bowen disease to photodynamic therapy in real life","authors":"L Bernal-Masferrer ,&nbsp;T Gracia-Cazaña ,&nbsp;L Najera-Botello ,&nbsp;MC Gomez-Mateo ,&nbsp;P Cerro ,&nbsp;MC Matei ,&nbsp;M Gallego-Rentero ,&nbsp;S González ,&nbsp;A Juarranz ,&nbsp;Y Gilaberte","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely-used non-surgical treatment for non-melanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), actinic keratoses (AK), and Bowen's disease (BD). PDT has high success rates, but various factors, can influence treatment response. This study investigates the clinical, histological, and molecular factors that affect the efficacy of methyl aminolevulinate PDT (MAL-PDT) for BCC and BD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Patients</h3><div>Prospective observational multicentric study performed between May 2019 and January 2021 with 64 patients included. Clinical data such as tumor thickness, location, and histological subtype were recorded. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on tumor samples to assess the expression of biomarkers including p53, β-catenin, and GLUT1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Tumor thickness was found to be a critical determinant of MAL-PDT response, with thicker nodular BCCs showing reduced response rates compared to thinner, superficial BCCs and BD lesions. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that p53 positivity was associated with better treatment outcomes, while increased β-catenin and cytoplasmic GLUT1 expression correlated with resistance to PDT. On the other hand, the metabolic profile of the tumors indicated that tumors with higher glycolytic activity were less responsive to treatment, therefore, using metformin, a glycolytic inhibitor, as a potential adjuvant therapy to improve outcomes in resistant tumors should be considered.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study emphasizes the importance of personalized approaches in the use of MAL-PDT, tailoring treatment according to tumor-specific characteristics. Biomarkers such as p53, β-catenin, and GLUT1 can serve as predictive tools for PDT response, helping clinicians identify patients who may benefit from alternative or combined treatments to enhance therapeutic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Umbrella review of adjuvant photodynamic therapy for cholangiocarcinoma palliative treatment","authors":"Hanhan Chen ,&nbsp;Honglin Li ,&nbsp;Huijie Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare and often fatal malignancy. Numerous studies have demonstrated promising outcomes and survival rates associated with adjuvant photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the palliative treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To systematically evaluate the existing meta-analyses on PDT for cholangiocarcinoma, assessing evidence quality and strength while performing updated meta-analyses to refine survival outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched up to September 18, 2024, to identify meta-analyses and clinical studies on PDT in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. The random-effects model was employed to re-synthesize existing meta-analyses, with a comprehensive evaluation of methodological quality. Updated meta-analyses of survival data were conducted, including subgroup analyses stratified by cholangiocarcinoma type and intervention modality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 5 meta-analyses and 21 clinical studies were included. The findings indicated that combining PDT with stenting or chemotherapy can significantly improve overall survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and reduce mortality rate, without increasing the risk of adverse events (AEs) such as cholangitis or abscess formation. For extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, adding PDT to stenting demonstrated a notable improvement in the 2-year survival rate. Meanwhile, for hilar cholangiocarcinoma, the addition of chemotherapy to PDT showed a more pronounced enhancement in the 1-year survival rate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Current evidence indicates that PDT combined with stenting or chemotherapy in the palliative treatment of cholangiocarcinoma decreases overall mortality and enhances OS without increasing the incidence of AEs. Adding PDT to stenting or chemotherapy may be more beneficial for long-term efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104472"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical riboflavin versus 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for the treatment of mild to moderate acne: A split-face randomized study","authors":"Aijia Ding ,&nbsp;Li Shi ,&nbsp;Feng Jiang ,&nbsp;Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Jianglin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>ALA-PDT has been widely used in mild to moderate acne vulgaris worldwide. However, very few studies used riboflavin-PDT to treat acne vulgaris.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the efficacy and adverse events of riboflavin-PDT to treat mild to moderate facial acne, and compare it with ALA-PDT on a non-inferiority basis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>33 eligible patients were enrolled, and 30 patients completed follow-up. Either side of the face was assigned randomly to riboflavin or ALA blue-light-PDT. Patients received 3 sessions of PDT in 1-week intervals and were followed up at weeks 4, 6, and 10.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both ALA and riboflavin-PDT significantly reduced non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions at weeks 4, 6, and 10 compared to baseline (P all &lt;0.001). For the primary outcome, the difference in the improvement rate of total lesions between the Ribo and ALA side was 2.6 % (-4.3 %, 12.5 %; <em>p</em> = 0.71), which didn't reach the inferiority margin. Patients described greater in-treatment pain and burning sensation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), more prominent post-treatment erythema (<em>P</em> = 0.003), hyperpigmentation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and desquamation (<em>P</em> = 0.006) on the ALA side than on riboflavin side.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The efficacy of riboflavin-PDT was comparable to that of blue-light ALA-PDT in treating mild to moderate acne vulgaris. Riboflavin-PDT had fewer in-treatment and post-treatment adverse events than ALA-PDT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal vascular parameters in ocular rosacea patients","authors":"Mariagrazia Avella,&nbsp;Isabella Pellegrino","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104468","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}