蓝色激光激活的载小檗碱纳米小体增强光动力治疗牙釉质变形链球菌生物膜的体外评估。

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105229

Maryam Pourhajibagher , Ehsan Kazemi Moghaddam , Mohammadreza Moeininejad , Bahman Rahimi Esboei , Abbas Bahador

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：龋齿是一种主要由变形链球菌引起的生物膜介导的疾病，变形链球菌通过葡萄糖基转移酶如GtfB产生胞外多糖，促进生物膜的形成和致龋性。光动力疗法（PDT）作为一种有前途的替代常规抗菌剂而受到关注。本研究探讨了蓝色激光激活的载小檗碱纳米粒（nNios@Ber）对牙釉质上形成的变形链球菌生物膜增强PDT的功效。材料与方法：采用人牙釉质板体外培养变形链球菌生物膜。小檗碱被包裹在纳米小体中（nNios@Ber），以提高稳定性和递送。在确定nNios@Ber的最低抑制浓度（MIC）后，用不同浓度的nNios@Ber联合蓝色激光照射（405 ± 10 nm nm）对生物膜进行活化PDT。此外，采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对gtfB基因表达进行定量分析。结果：nNios@Ber对变形链球菌的MIC为15.6 μg/mL。所有pdt处理组均显示生物膜活力显著降低，gtfB表达呈剂量依赖性下调。其中，2 × MIC、4 × MIC和8 × MIC nNios@Ber加蓝光组gtfB表达分别降低4.8倍、5.7倍和7.4倍（P < 0.05）。nNios@Ber和激光单独治疗均无统计学意义（P < 0.05）。这些发现证实了nNios@Ber的抗生物膜功效在蓝光光激活后得到增强。结论：蓝光激活nNios@Ber可显著抑制变形链球菌生物膜的形成和毒力基因的表达，为龋齿治疗提供了有效的、有针对性的方法。这种光活化nNios@Ber增强了光动力学活性，为口腔保健中传统抗菌剂（如CHX）提供了一种有前途的辅助剂或替代品。

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Ex vivo assessment of blue laser-activated berberine-loaded nanoniosomes in enhancing photodynamic therapy against Streptococcus mutans biofilm on tooth enamel

Background: Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated disease primarily caused by Streptococcus mutans, which produces extracellular polysaccharides via glucosyltransferases such as GtfB, promoting biofilm formation and cariogenicity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained attention as a promising alternative to conventional antimicrobials. This study investigates the efficacy of blue laser-activated berberine-loaded nanoniosomes (nNios@Ber) in enhancing PDT against S. mutans biofilms formed on tooth enamel.

Materials and Methods: An ex vivo model using human tooth enamel slabs was employed to cultivate S. mutans biofilms. Berberine was encapsulated in nanoniosomes (nNios@Ber) to improve stability and delivery. Following determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of nNios@Ber, biofilms were treated with various concentrations of nNios@Ber combined with blue laser irradiation (405 ± 10 nm) to activate PDT. Additionally, quantitative real-time PCR was used to quantify gtfB gene expression.

Results: The MIC of nNios@Ber against S. mutans was found to be 15.6 μg/mL. All PDT-treated groups showed significant reductions in biofilm viability and a dose-dependent downregulation of gtfB expression. Specifically, gtfB expression decreased by 4.8-, 5.7-, and 7.4-fold in the 2 × MIC, 4 × MIC, and 8 × MIC nNios@Ber plus blue laser groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Neither nNios@Ber nor laser alone produced statistically significant effects (P > 0.05). These findings confirm that nNios@Ber’s anti-biofilm efficacy is enhanced when photoactivated by blue laser.

Conclusion: Blue laser-activated nNios@Ber significantly inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation and virulence gene expression, offering an effective and targeted approach for caries management. This photoactivated nNios@Ber enhances the photodynamic activity, providing a promising adjunct or alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents such as CHX in oral healthcare.

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来源期刊

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

24.20%

发文量

509

审稿时长

50 days

期刊介绍： Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy is an international journal for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and clinical developments of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy in all medical specialties. The journal publishes original articles, review articles, case presentations, "how-to-do-it" articles, Letters to the Editor, short communications and relevant images with short descriptions. All submitted material is subject to a strict peer-review process.