Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1055/a-2627-4183
Haoyue Jiang, Ze Sun, Xiaoya Zhao, Yang Wei, Xujiahua Ma, Aiwei Tang, Yidan Wang, Jiong Li, Xiuli Bi, Huiyan Zhou, Zhe Yang
{"title":"Plant-derived Bioactive Substances with Anti-rheumatoid Arthritis Properties.","authors":"Haoyue Jiang, Ze Sun, Xiaoya Zhao, Yang Wei, Xujiahua Ma, Aiwei Tang, Yidan Wang, Jiong Li, Xiuli Bi, Huiyan Zhou, Zhe Yang","doi":"10.1055/a-2627-4183","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2627-4183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the accumulation of synovial fluid in joints, synovial inflammation, and cartilage damage. With the development of the disease, it may result in joint deformity, which affects the normal joint function of patients and seriously endangers people's life and health. According to statistics, the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis increases with age. However, there is currently no drug that can completely cure rheumatoid arthritis; only through certain drugs and measures can the progression of the disease be delayed. Plant-derived bioactive substances have garnered extensive research attention for their therapeutic potential in treating various diseases. Studies have shown that plant-derived bioactive substances play an important role in preventing rheumatoid arthritis. This review comprehensively and systematically evaluates plant-derived bioactive substances with anti-arthritic properties, specifically focusing on bioactive substances including flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenes, alkaloids, phenols, quinones, and phenylpropanoids, and elucidates their mechanisms of action to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"465-482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Threo-2,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxypropanol (THMP) Inhibits Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation via Oxidative Stress-dependent Apoptosis and DNA Damage.","authors":"Che-Wei Yang, Chung-Yi Chen, Chia-Hung Yen, Chih-Wen Shu, Hsiang-Ying Lee, Hsueh-Wei Chang","doi":"10.1055/a-2752-9897","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2752-9897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Many lignans exhibit antiproliferative effects against cancer cells, but it is rarely reported for <i>threo</i>-2,3-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxypropanol (THMP), an edible red-pepper-derived lignan. This study evaluates the antiproliferative effects and mechanism of THMP against bladder cancer cells (BFTC905 and T24) regarding ATP content and flow cytometry assays in parallel with the presence and absence of <i>N</i>-acetylcysteine (NAC), an oxidative stress inhibitor. THMP suppressed bladder cancer cell viability in the ATP assay, which was reverted by NAC. Regarding flow cytometry, THMP triggered subG1 arrest and enhanced annexin V-affinity intensity. This apoptotic response was further supported by the finding that THMP upregulated the activation of caspases 3, 8, and 9, which is apoptotic signaling. Moreover, oxidative stress was induced by THMP regarding the upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide and the exhaustion of glutathione and mitochondrial membrane potential. Regarding <i>γ</i>H2AX and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine detection, THMP was confirmed to have DNA damage ability. These mechanisms were alleviated by NAC. Overall, THMP is the first report demonstrating the antiproliferative effect against bladder cancer cells and clarifying its oxidative stress-dependent mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"584-594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kaempferol Promotes Vasorelaxation via KV 2.1 Channel Modulation in the Coronary Arteries of Sheep.","authors":"Ajay Bhati, Ashok Gaur, Pratishtha Sharma, Puneet Sharma, Kirti Purva, Devendra Singh, Lakshmi Kant, Shivangi Gaur, Amit Kumar Pandey","doi":"10.1055/a-2744-6009","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2744-6009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Kaempferol, a flavonol found in various edible and medicinal plants, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties. The vasorelaxant effects of kaempferol were assessed using isolated coronary artery rings pre-contracted with potassium chloride (30 mM). Kaempferol induced a concentration-dependent relaxation in both endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded coronary artery rings pre-contracted with potassium chloride (30 mM), indicating that its vasorelaxant effect is primarily endothelium-independent. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with L-NAME (100 µM) and cyclooxygenase (COX) with indomethacin (10 µM) did not significantly alter the relaxation response, suggesting that nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins play a minimal role. The BK<sub>Ca</sub> channel blocker TEA (1 mM), ATP-sensitive potassium (K<sub>ATP</sub>) channel blocker glibenclamide (10 µM), and inward-rectifier potassium (K<sub>IR</sub>) channel blocker BaCl<sub>2</sub> (30 µM) did not significantly affect kaempferol-induced relaxation. However, inhibition with the voltage-gated potassium (K<sub>V</sub>) channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (3 mM) significantly reduced the relaxation response, indicating the involvement of K<sub>V</sub> channels. Furthermore, molecular analysis using RT-PCR confirmed the presence of the K<sub>V</sub> 2.1 (<i>KCNB1</i>) gene in sheep coronary arteries, suggesting its role in kaempferol-mediated vasorelaxation. These findings suggest that kaempferol promotes vasorelaxation through an endothelium-independent mechanism, with partial involvement of the K<sub>V</sub> 2.1 channel. This study supports kaempferol's therapeutic potential in cardiovascular disease, recommending its dietary inclusion as a strategy to lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"574-583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-08-25DOI: 10.1055/a-2689-8131
Bharathi Avula, Kumar Katragunta, Kiran Kumar Tatapudi, Ikhlas A Khan
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis and Simultaneous Characterization of Triterpenoids and Phenolics in Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) Using LC-PDA-ELSD and LC-DAD-QToF.","authors":"Bharathi Avula, Kumar Katragunta, Kiran Kumar Tatapudi, Ikhlas A Khan","doi":"10.1055/a-2689-8131","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2689-8131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Inonotus obliquus</i> is widely recognized as the Chaga mushroom. Chaga contains various bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, triterpenoids, polyphenols, and melanin. To address the characterization and quantitative analysis of triterpenoids and phenolics in Chaga, a multi-analytical approach has been developed combining LC-PDA-ELSD and LC-DAD-QToF. These methods were designed to quantify 11 compounds, comprising seven triterpenoids and four fatty acids, using LC-PDA-ELSD, and four phenolics using the LC-DAD-QToF method. Calibration curves for these compounds demonstrated excellent linearity within the tested range. The methods exhibited high precision, with intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations below 3% and recoveries ranged from 91% to 104%. The validated methods were applied to analyze eleven sclerotia samples, one mycelium sample, three grain-based samples, and eighteen dietary supplements. Results revealed that eight of the eighteen supplements (44%) contained ground mycelium, which primarily showed the presence of fatty acids but lacks detectable levels of triterpenoid and phenolic markers characteristic of Chaga. Triterpenoids and hispidin, identified as key bioactive compounds, were detected in eight (44%) of the eighteen supplements; however, these products also contained fatty acids and/or betulin. Two (11%) of the 18 supplements showed the presence of phenolic compounds only; no triterpenoids were detected. Additionally, untargeted metabolomic screening using LC-DAD-QToF tentatively identified 103 compounds from diverse chemical groups, including nine reference compounds. These findings provide valuable insights for the quality assessment of dietary or food supplements marketed as containing Chaga.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"494-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1055/a-2717-2323
Abdul Bari Shah, Aizhamal Baiseitova, Young Jun Kim, Ki Yong Lee
{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Ugonins: Bioactive Flavonoids from Helminthostachys zeylanica with Multifaceted Biological Activities.","authors":"Abdul Bari Shah, Aizhamal Baiseitova, Young Jun Kim, Ki Yong Lee","doi":"10.1055/a-2717-2323","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2717-2323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ugonins are distinctive chemotaxonomic bioactive metabolites identified in <i>Helminthostachys zeylanica</i>. This uncommon fern species generates a diverse array of flavonoids, including ugonins, which facilitate various biological processes such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, melanogenesis-inhibiting, antioxidant, anti-osteoporotic, and immunomodulatory functions. Our objective in this comprehensive literature review is to deliver a clear and visually engaging analysis of the therapeutic potential inherent in each of the compounds found in <i>H. zeylanica</i>. This review covers the isolation of ugonins A - Y and other metabolites from this plant. These compounds demonstrate a diverse range of biological properties, which are thoroughly discussed in this review. The binding scores of all ugonins A - Y against PTP1B were also presented, indicating their potential activities for future consideration. Ultimately, a thorough understanding of the diverse therapeutic properties inherent in this unique fern can be achieved through a meticulous examination of the existing literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-29DOI: 10.1055/a-2727-3201
Ka Fai Leong, Zihan Chen, Paolo Coghi
{"title":"Unveiling Rosmarinic Acid: Understanding Its Broad Spectrum of Bioactivities.","authors":"Ka Fai Leong, Zihan Chen, Paolo Coghi","doi":"10.1055/a-2727-3201","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2727-3201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenolic compound with various biological activities found in numerous traditional medicinal plants. Moreover, RA is already used as a food additive, demonstrating its safety. Current research has identified RA as having diverse effects, including sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic, anti-Parkinson, neuroprotective, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cognitive-enhancing, metabolic-regulating, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain incompletely understood. This review attempts to define the mechanisms of its bioactivity by correlating RA's effect on different biomolecules. We performed an extensive search across major databases, using the core keyword \"Rosmarinic acid\" with relevant keywords to construct search queries. Our findings suggest that some mechanisms are shared among RA's various activities. For example, the chemical structure of RA itself makes it an antioxidant, and the antioxidant effect enables it to reduce inflammation caused by active substances such as ROS and free radicals. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects can relieve pain, provide neuroprotection, reduce chronic adipose inflammation, and improve insulin sensitivity. RA can also inhibit the aggregation of harmful proteins and promote their degradation, which plays a key role in neuroprotection and cognitive improvement. RA's modulation of neurotransmitters exerts both antidepressant effects and benefits on cognitive impairment. The regulation of key pathways by RA-such as ERK1/2, MAPK, STAT3, PI3K, Akt, NF-<i>κ</i>B, and Nrf2-is central to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid- and glucose-regulating, and antitumor effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"84-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145401557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1055/a-2720-9103
Xue-Mei Lan, Xiao-Hong Yang, Jia-Qi Li, Zhen-Zhen Xue, Rong-Ping Yang, Hua Li, Bin Yang
{"title":"Impact of Different Drying Methods on Magnolia officinalis Leaves.","authors":"Xue-Mei Lan, Xiao-Hong Yang, Jia-Qi Li, Zhen-Zhen Xue, Rong-Ping Yang, Hua Li, Bin Yang","doi":"10.1055/a-2720-9103","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2720-9103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different drying techniques can affect the quality characteristics of <i>Magnolia officinalis</i> leaves (MOLs), including their chemical composition, color, and biological activity. This study comprehensively evaluated five drying methods: vacuum drying (VD), hot-air drying (HAD), freeze drying (FD), sun drying (SD), and shade drying (SHD). The non-volatile and volatile constituents of MOLs were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Objective color parameters were measured using an electronic eye, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Additionally, the moisture content and the alcohol-soluble extract content were determined. Results indicated that HAD had the least impact on the color, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of MOLs, thereby demonstrating its superiority over the other four drying methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1055/a-2706-8264
Bao-Lin Wang, Hui Qiu, Jian-Gen Ao, Wen-Peng Du, Chun Li, Hai-Ran Fan, Jian-Qiang Qian, Bin Zou, Jia-Ke He, Wei-Fang Zhang, Xiao-Long Hu
{"title":"Active Components and Multi-target Mechanism of Tibetan Sinopodophyllum hexandrum Medicine Against Rheumatoid Arthritis Using a CFA-induced Arthritis Rat Model.","authors":"Bao-Lin Wang, Hui Qiu, Jian-Gen Ao, Wen-Peng Du, Chun Li, Hai-Ran Fan, Jian-Qiang Qian, Bin Zou, Jia-Ke He, Wei-Fang Zhang, Xiao-Long Hu","doi":"10.1055/a-2706-8264","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2706-8264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Sinopodophyllum hexandrum</i> (\"Taoerqi\") is a traditional Tibetan medicine used for treating inflammation and arthralgia, but its therapeutic basis against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify its active anti-RA fraction, analyse its chemical composition, and explore its mechanisms of action. Using a CFA-induced arthritis rat model, the dichloromethane fraction of <i>S. hexandrum</i> (SHD) was evaluated for anti-RA activity. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS identified 57 compounds, mainly prenylated flavonoids and arylnaphthalene lignans. Network pharmacology predicted their targets, and <i>in vitro</i> assays on TNF-<i>α</i>-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes confirmed the anti-RA effects of 15 isolates. Enzyme inhibition, molecular docking, surface plasmon resonance, and Western blot validated their interactions with TNF-<i>α</i> and JAK1. Oral administration of SHD significantly reduced paw swelling and neutrophil infiltration in RA rats. These findings suggest that prenylated flavonoids and arylnaphthalene lignans are key active components exerting anti-RA effects, respectively, via TNF-<i>α</i> and JAK1 inhibition, highlighting their potential for further drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"123-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-02-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1055/a-2744-6263
Ik Soo Lee, Seung-Hyun Jung, Young Sook Kim
{"title":"Caffeoylquinic Acids from Aster tataricus Leaves Inhibit Aldose Reductase and Attenuate Hyaloid-Retinal Vasodilation in a Zebrafish Model of Hyperglycemia.","authors":"Ik Soo Lee, Seung-Hyun Jung, Young Sook Kim","doi":"10.1055/a-2744-6263","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2744-6263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness, and its pathogenesis is strongly linked to the activation of aldose reductase (AR) under hyperglycemic conditions. Developing effective AR inhibitors (ARIs), particularly from natural sources, remains a critical therapeutic goal. This study investigated the AR inhibitory potential of an 80% ethanol extract from the leaves of <i>Aster tataricus</i>. Using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, we identified 11 major compounds, with caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) being predominant. <i>In vitro</i> assays on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) revealed that di-caffeoylquinic acids (di-CQAs), particularly 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA; IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.31 µM), were potent noncompetitive inhibitors. Molecular docking simulations provided insights into their binding modes within the enzyme. The therapeutic relevance of these findings was confirmed <i>in vivo</i> using a larval zebrafish model of hyperglycemia, where both the <i>A. tataricus</i> extract and its constituent CQAs significantly suppressed hyaloid-retinal vessel dilation without inducing toxicity. Quantitative HPLC analysis confirmed that 3,5-DCQA was the most abundant di-CQA in the extract. These findings establish the CQA constituents of <i>A. tataricus</i> leaves as promising natural product leads for developing therapeutics to manage early-stage diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"148-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planta medicaPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-10-29DOI: 10.1055/a-2686-6580
Lislaine Maria Klider, Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques, Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno, Gabriela Pereira da Silva, Luana Ale Bertoncello, Luciane Barbosa Pessoa, Ariany Carvalho Dos Santos, Katyuce de Souza Farias, Caroline de Moura Costa, Denise Brentan Silva, Jane Manfron, Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
{"title":"Involvement of the NO-cGMP-K Channels Pathway in Cardioprotective Effects of Baccharis milleflora in Hypertensive Rats.","authors":"Lislaine Maria Klider, Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques, Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno, Gabriela Pereira da Silva, Luana Ale Bertoncello, Luciane Barbosa Pessoa, Ariany Carvalho Dos Santos, Katyuce de Souza Farias, Caroline de Moura Costa, Denise Brentan Silva, Jane Manfron, Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior","doi":"10.1055/a-2686-6580","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2686-6580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of deaths worldwide. Complementary therapies, such as medicinal plants, have become increasingly common among treatment options. We propose to investigate the cardioprotective effects of the ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from the aerial parts of <i>Baccharis milleflora</i> in hypertensive rats. Cladodes of <i>B. milleflora</i> were collected, and the aqueous extract was obtained by infusion. The infusion was then treated with ethanol, resulting in the ethanol-soluble fraction of <i>B. milleflora</i>, which was analyzed by LC-DAD-MS. The MS and MS/MS data obtained from the ethanol-soluble fraction of <i>B. milleflora</i> was submitted to the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking platform to generate the molecular network, and three main clusters were detected. Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats were divided into different experimental groups, including naïve, control (vehicle), hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/kg), and ethanol-soluble fraction of <i>B. milleflora</i> (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg). The treatment lasted for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, the animals underwent evaluation of renal function, electrocardiographic profile, blood pressure, mesenteric vascular reactivity, serum biochemical parameters, and histopathological analysis. The molecular pathways involved in pharmacological activity were also investigated. After 28 days, animals treated with ethanol-soluble fraction of <i>B. milleflora</i> 30 mg/kg showed a significant antioxidant, diuretic, and antihypertensive response, as well as reversed endothelial dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy induced by hypertension. Treatment with a non-selective NO synthase inhibitor, cGMP inhibitor, or non-selective K+ channel blocker suppressed the antihypertensive effects of ethanol-soluble fraction of <i>B. milleflora</i>. Our findings showed that <i>B. milleflora</i> is a species with cardioprotective activity when administered for a prolonged period to hypertensive rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"43-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145401602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}