Planta medica最新文献

{"title":"The Potential Pharmacological Effects of Natural Product Withaferin A in Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges for Clinical Translation","authors":"Geetanjali Devabattula, Biswajit Panda, Rachana Yadav, Chandraiah Godugu","doi":"10.1055/a-2289-9600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2289-9600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer is one of the biggest health concerns with a complex pathophysiology. Currently, available chemotherapeutic drugs are showing deleterious side effects, and tumors often show resistance to treatment. Hence, extensive research is required to develop new treatment strategies to fight against cancer. Natural resources from plants are at the forefront of hunting novel drugs to treat various types of cancers. Withaferin A (WA) is a naturally occurring withanolide, a biologically active component obtained from the plant Ashwagandha. Various <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> oncological studies have reported that Withaferin A (WA) has shown protection from cancer. WA shows its activity by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of malignant cells, apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). In addition, WA also showed chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. Besides the beneficiary pharmacological activities of WA, a few aspects like pharmacokinetic properties, safety, and toxicity studies are still lacking, hindering this potent natural product from entering clinical development. In this review, we have summarized the various pharmacological mechanisms shown by WA in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> cancer studies and the challenges that must be overcome for this potential natural productʼs clinical translation to be effective.</p> ","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activities of the Algal Bromophenol Methylrhodomelol Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Joshua Jacobtorweihen, Anja Hartmann, Stefanie Hofer, Verena Spiegler","doi":"10.1055/a-2289-2423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2289-2423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methylrhodomelol (<b>1</b>) is a bromophenol from the red alga <i>Vertebrata lanosa</i> that has been associated with antimicrobial properties. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to assess the antimicrobial potential of this compound in more detail against the gram-negative pathogen <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. <b>1</b> exerted weak bacteriostatic activity against different strains when grown in minimal medium, whereas other phenolics were inactive. In addition, <b>1</b> (35 and 10 µg/mL) markedly enhanced the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> toward the aminoglycoside gentamicin, while it did not affect the viability of Vero kidney cells up to 100 µM. Finally, pyoverdine release was reduced in bacteria treated at sub-inhibitory concentration, but no effect on other virulence factors was observed. Transcriptome analysis of treated versus untreated <i>P. aeruginosa</i> indicated an interference of <b>1</b> with bacterial carbon and energy metabolism, which was corroborated by RT-qPCR and decreased ATP-levels in treated bacteria. In summary, the current study characterized the antibacterial properties of methylrhodomelol, revealed its potential as an adjuvant to standard antibiotics, and generated a hypothesis on its mode of action.</p> ","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140574915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Plant-Derived Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody Targeting PD-L1 and CTLA-4 against Mouse Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Christine Joy I Bulaon, Narach Khorattanakulchai, Kaewta Rattanapisit, Hongyan Sun, Nuttapat Pisuttinusart, Waranyoo Phoolcharoen","doi":"10.1055/a-2240-7534","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2240-7534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, with monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints, yielding promising clinical benefits. However, with the advent of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in clinical trials, developing next-generation antibodies with potentially increased efficacy is critical. Here, we aimed to generate a recombinant bispecific monoclonal antibody for dual inhibition of programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 axes. The plant system was used as an alternative platform for bispecific monoclonal antibody production. Dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 is a plant-derived bispecific monoclonal antibody that combines both programmed cell death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade into a single molecule. Dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 was transiently expressed in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> and the expression level was determined to be the highest after 4 days of infiltration. The size and assembly of the purified bispecific monoclonal antibody were determined, and its function was investigated <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. The molecular structures of plant-produced dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 are as expected, and it was mostly present as a monomer. The plant-produced dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 showed <i>in vitro</i> binding to programmed cell death ligand 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 proteins. The antitumor activity of plant-produced bispecific monoclonal antibody was tested <i>in vivo</i> by treating humanized Balb/c mice bearing a CT26 colorectal tumor. Plant-produced dual variable domain immunoglobulin atezolizumab × 2C8 significantly inhibited tumor growth by reducing tumor volume and weight. Body weight changes indicated that the plant-produced bispecific monoclonal antibody was safe and tolerable. Overall, this proof of concept study demonstrated the viability of plants to produce functional plant-based bispecific immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"305-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendropanoxide Attenuates High Glucose-induced Oxidative Damage in NRK-52E Cells via AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Song Hee Lee, Ju Ri Kim, Joo Kyung Shin, Jin-Sol Lee, Young Mi Kim, Jeong Hwan Kwak, Hyung Sik Kim","doi":"10.1055/a-2220-9301","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2220-9301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperglycemia is a potent risk factor for the development and progression of diabetes-induced nephropathy. Dendropanoxide (DPx) is a natural compound isolated from <i>Dendropanax morbifera</i> (Araliaceae) that exerts various biological effects. However, the role of DPx in hyperglycemia-induced renal tubular cell injury remains unclear. The present study explored the protective mechanism of DPx on high glucose (HG)-induced cytotoxicity in kidney tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells. The cells were cultured with normal glucose (5.6 mM), HG (30 mM), HG + metformin (10 µM), or HG + DPx (10 µM) for 48 h, and cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Protein-based nephrotoxicity biomarkers were measured in both the culture media and cell lysates. MDA and AGEs were significantly increased in NRK-52E cells cultured with HG, and these levels were markedly reduced by pretreatment with DPx or metformin. DPx significantly reduced the levels of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1), or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in NRK-52E cells cultured under HG conditions. Furthermore, treatment with DPx significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activity. DPx protects against HG-induced renal tubular cell damage, which may be mediated by its ability to inhibit oxidative stress through the protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway. These findings suggest that DPx can be used as a new drug for the treatment of high glucose-induced diabetic nephropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"256-266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138470696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiproliferative and Antitelomerase Effects of Silymarin on Human Colorectal and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.","authors":"Daruosh Rahimi, Roya Sharifi, Hajar Jaberie, Fakhraddin Naghibalhossaini","doi":"10.1055/a-2244-8788","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2244-8788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silymarin, a widely-used hepatoprotective agent, has shown antitumor properties in both <i>in vitro</i> and animal studies. Currently, there is limited knowledge regarding silymarin's antitelomerase effects on human colorectal cancer and hepatocyte carcinoma cells. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative and antitelomerase effects of silymarin on four human colorectal cancer and HepG2 hepatocyte carcinoma cell lines. The cell viability and telomerase activity were assessed using MTT and the telomerase repeat amplification protocol assay, respectively. We also investigated the effects of silymarin on the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase and its promoter methylation in HepG2 cells by real-time RT-PCR and methylation-specific PCR, respectively. Silymarin treatment inhibited cell proliferation and telomerase activity in all cancer cells. After 24 h of treatment, silymarin exhibited IC₅₀ values ranging from 19 - 56.3 µg/mL against these cancer cells. A 30-min treatment with silymarin at the IC₅₀ concentration effectively inhibited telomerase activity in cell-free extracts of both colorectal cancer and hepatocyte carcinoma cells. Treatment of HepG2 cells with 10 and 30 µg/mL of silymarin for 48 h resulted in a decrease in human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression to 75 and 35% of the level observed in the untreated control (p < 0.01), respectively. Treatment with silymarin (10, 30, and 60 µg/mL) for 48 h did not affect human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter methylation in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that silymarin inhibits cancer cell growth by directly inhibiting telomerase activity and downregulating its human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit. However, silymarin did not affect human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter methylation at the concentrations of 10 - 60 µg/mL used in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"298-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a GC-FID Method for the Quantitation of Δ 8-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Impurities Found in Synthetic Δ 8-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Vaping Products.","authors":"Waseem Gul, Iram Shahzadi, Nandakumara Sarma, Nam-Cheol Kim, Mahmoud A ElSohly","doi":"10.1055/a-2249-7824","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2249-7824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concerns about health hazards associated with the consumption of <i>trans</i>-delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol products were highlighted in public health advisories from the U. S. Food and Drug Administration and U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Simple and rapid quantitative methods to determine <i>trans</i>-delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol impurities are vital to analyze such products. In this study, a gas chromatography-flame ionization detection method was developed and validated for the determination of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol and some of its impurities (recently published) found in synthesized <i>trans</i>-delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol raw material and included olivetol, cannabicitran, <i>Δ</i> ⁸-<i>cis</i>-<i>iso</i>-tetrahydrocannabinol, <i>Δ</i> ⁴-<i>iso</i>-tetrahydrocannabinol, <i>iso</i>-tetrahydrocannabifuran, cannabidiol, <i>Δ</i> ^4,8-<i>iso</i>-tetrahydrocannabinol, <i>Δ</i> ⁸-<i>iso</i>-tetrahydrocannabinol, 4,8-<i>epoxy</i>-<i>iso</i>-tetrahydrocannabinol, <i>trans</i>-<i>Δ</i> ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol, 8-hydroxy-<i>iso</i>-THC, 9<i>α</i>-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol, and 9<i>β</i>-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol. Validation of the method was assessed according to the International Council for Harmonization guidelines and confirmed linearity with R² ≥ 0.99 for all the target analytes. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 1.5 and 5 µg/mL, respectively, except for olivetol, which had a limit of detection of 3 µg/mL and a limit of quantitation of 10 µg/mL. Method precision was calculated as % relative standard deviation and the values were less than 8.4 and 9.9% for the intraday precision and inter-day precision, respectively. The accuracy ranged from 85 to 118%. The method was then applied to the analysis of 21 commercially marketed vaping products claiming to contain delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol. The products analyzed by this method have various levels of these impurities, with all products far exceeding the 0.3% of <i>trans</i>-<i>Δ</i> ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol limit for hemp under the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018. The developed gas chromatography-flame ionization detection method can be an important tool for monitoring delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol impurities in commercial products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"316-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139932445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Blend of Litsea cubeba, Pinus mugo, and Cymbopogon winterianus Essential Oil Active as an Anti-tyrosinase Ingredient in Topical Formulations.","authors":"Francesca Capetti, Cecilia Cagliero, Monica Argenziano, Roberta Cavalli, Chiara Dianzani, Marta Pavarino, Carlo Bicchi, Patrizia Rubiolo, Barbara Sgorbini","doi":"10.1055/a-2225-7603","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2225-7603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tyrosinase is a target enzyme to be inhibited in order to reduce excessive melanin production and prevent typical age-related skin disorders. Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile compounds, belonging mainly to monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, which have been relatively little studied as tyrosinase inhibitors. Among the monoterpenoids, citral (a mixture of neral and geranial) is a fragrance compound in several essential oils that has shown interesting tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Although citral is listed as an allergen among the 26 fragrances in Annex III of the Cosmetics Directive 2003/15/EC, it can be safely used for the formulation of topical products in amounts that are not expected to cause skin sensitization, as shown by various commercially available products.The aim of this work was to evaluate two different formulations (oil/water emulsion, oily solution) containing a new combination of essential oils (<i>Litsea cubeba, Pinus mugo, Cymbopogon winterianus</i>) applied to the skin both in nonocclusive and partially occlusive modes. The blend is designed to reduce the concentration of citral to avoid potential skin reactions while taking advantage of the inhibitory activity of citral. Specifically, the amount of citral and other bioactive compounds (myrcene, citronellal) delivered through the skin was studied as a function of formulation and mode of application.The results show that an oil/water emulsion is preferable because it releases the bioactive compounds rapidly and minimizes their evaporative loss. In addition, semi-occluded conditions are required to prevent evaporation, resulting in higher availability of the bioactive compounds in viable skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"267-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138808690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vasorelaxant effects of ellagitannins isolated from Cuphea carthagenensis.","authors":"Kaori Katiuska Yamaguchi Isla, Mirtes Midori Tanae, Maria Teresa Riggio de Lima-Landman, Pedro Melillo de Magalhães, Antônio José Lapa, Caden Souccar","doi":"10.1055/a-2240-7372","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2240-7372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cuphea carthagenensis</i> (Jacq.) J. F. Macbr. is a popular plant in Brazilian folk medicine owing to its hypotensive and central nervous system depressant effects. This study aimed to validate the hypotensive effect of the plant's aqueous extract (AE) in rats and examine the vascular actions of three hydrolyzable tannins, oenothein B, woodfordin C, and eucalbanin B, isolated from AE. Systolic blood pressure in unanesthetized rats was determined using the non-invasive tail-cuff method. Oral treatment of normotensive rats with 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg/day AE induced a dose-related hypotensive effect after 1 week. In rat aortic rings pre-contracted with noradrenaline, all ellagitannins (20 - 180 µM) induced a concentration-related vasorelaxation. This effect was blocked by either removing the endothelium or pre-incubating with N^G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (10 µM), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. In KCl-depolarized rat portal vein preparations, the investigated compounds did not affect significantly the maximal contractile responses and pD2 values of the concentration-response curves to CaCl₂. Our results demonstrated the hypotensive effect of <i>C. carthagenensis</i> AE in unanesthetized rats. All isolated ellagitannins induced vasorelaxation <i>in vitro</i> via activating NO synthesis/NO release from endothelial cells, without altering the Ca²⁺ influx in vascular smooth muscle preparations. Considering the low oral bioavailability of ellagitannins, the determined <i>in vitro</i> actions of these compounds are unlikely to account for the hypotensive effect of AE <i>in vivo</i>. It remains to be determined the role of the bioactive ellagitannin-derived metabolites in the hypotensive effect observed after oral treatment of unanesthetized rats with the plant extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"276-285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139562713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memantine versus Ginkgo biloba Extract: A Comparative Study on Cognitive Dysfunction Treatment in a Novel Rat Model.","authors":"Essmat A H Allam, Abdel-Azim Assi, Dalia M Badary, Magda M Y Farrag, Mariam A Nicola","doi":"10.1055/a-2245-3624","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2245-3624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular senile plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles are two devastating brain proteinopathies that are indicative of Alzheimer's disease, the most prevalent type of dementia. Currently, no effective medications are available to stop or reverse Alzheimer's disease. <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract, commonly referred to as EGb 761, is a natural product made from the leaves of the <i>G. biloba</i> tree. It has long been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits in Alzheimer's disease. The current study assessed the beneficial effects of EGb 761 against Alzheimer's disease in comparison with memantine, a standard treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The scopolamine-heavy metals mixture rat Alzheimer's disease model is a newly created model to study the effects of EGb 761 oral therapy on cognitive performance and other Alzheimer's disease-like changes over a 28-day experimental period. This new Alzheimer's disease model provides better criteria for Alzheimer's disease hallmarks than the conventional scopolamine model. The EGb 761 reversed memory and learning deficits induced by the scopolamine-heavy metals mixture. These outcomes were linked to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase, caspase-3, hippocampal amyloid-beta protein (A<i>β</i>1 - 42), phosphorylated tau protein counts, and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i> and interleukin-1<i>β</i>) compared to the memantine-treated group. Furthermore, EGb 761 treatment considerably reduced lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and improved reduced glutathione levels compared to memantine. Our results suggest EGb 761's potential in treating central nervous system disorders. It's a promising candidate for future Alzheimer's disease therapeutic exploration. This study also highlights the need for future research to focus on the positive benefits of herbal medicines.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"286-297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxins in Botanical Drugs and Plant-derived Food and Feed - from Science to Regulation: A Workshop Review.","authors":"Dieter Schrenk, Ashley Allemang, Jörg Fahrer, Henrik Harms, Xilin Li, Ge Lin, Catherine Mahony, Patrick Mulder, Ad Peijnenburg, Stefan Pfuhler, Ans Punt, Hartwig Sievers, John Troutman, Frances Widjaja","doi":"10.1055/a-2218-5667","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2218-5667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In September 2022, the 3rd International Workshop on pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and related phytotoxins was held on-line, entitled 'Toxins in botanical drugs and plant-derived food and feed - from science to regulation'. The workshop focused on new findings about the occurrence, exposure, toxicity, and risk assessment of PAs. In addition, new scientific results related to the risk assessment of alkenylbenzenes, a distinct class of herbal constituents, were presented. The presence of PAs and alkenylbenzenes in plant-derived food, feed, and herbal medicines has raised health concerns with respect to their acute and chronic toxicity but mainly related to the genotoxic and carcinogenic properties of several congeners. The compounds are natural constituents of a variety of plant families and species widely used in medicinal, food, and feed products. Their individual occurrence, levels, and toxic properties, together with the broad range of congeners present in nature, represent a striking challenge to modern toxicology. This review tries to provide an overview of the current knowledge on these compounds and indicates needs and perspectives for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"219-242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}