{"title":"The NAC transcription factor LpNAC48 promotes trichome formation in Lilium pumilum","authors":"Yin Xin, Wenqiang Pan, Yajie Zhao, Chenglong Yang, Jingru Li, Shaokun Wang, Jingxiang Wu, Mingfang Zhang, Jinxin Shi, Yang Ma, Shaozhong Fang, Yuwei Liang, Michele Zaccai, Xiuhai Zhang, Yunpeng Du, Jian Wu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf001","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomes play a crucial role in plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and their development and characteristics vary across different species. This study demonstrates that trichomes of Lilium pumilum exhibit synchronized growth during flower bud differentiation and enhance the plant's adaptability to UV-B radiation and aphid infection. We identified LpNAC48, a NAC family transcription factor (TF), that interacted with the B-box (BBX) family TF LpBBX28, during trichome formation in L. pumilum. Silencing LpNAC48 or LpBBX28 impaired trichome development and reduced trichome density on the outer perianths. We demonstrated that the upstream regulators LpNAC48 and LpBBX28 directly bound to the promoter of the bHLH TF-encoding gene LpGL3-LIKE (LpGL3L) to activate its expression. Moreover, an ABA-responsive element within a 259-bp DNA variation in the LpNAC48 promoter was important for its expression and was bound by the bZIP TF LpbZIP29 during trichome development. This binding activated LpNAC48 expression and contributed to trichome formation. This study provides insights into the role of a small DNA sequence variation in gene expression and trichome traits.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE 2 regulates secondary metabolism and confers manganese tolerance in Stylosanthes guianensis","authors":"Linjie Wang, Jifu Li, Liting Liu, Rongshu Dong, Guodao Liu, Idupulapati M Rao, Zhijian Chen","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf005","url":null,"abstract":"Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is a tropical legume that exhibits considerable tolerance to manganese (Mn) toxicity, which severely constrains plant growth in acidic soils. To elucidate the Mn detoxification mechanisms in stylo, this study investigated the excess Mn-regulated metabolic profile of stylo roots and examined the role of metabolic enzymes in Mn tolerance. Excess Mn triggered oxidative stress in the two stylo genotypes tested. However, Mn-stimulated activation of antioxidant defense systems was observed in the Mn-tolerant genotype RY5 but not in the Mn-sensitive genotype TF0317. Metabolomic analysis of the Mn-tolerant RY5 roots revealed numerous excess Mn-responsive metabolites, mainly related to flavonoids and phenolic acids. Furthermore, a set of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway were upregulated by excess Mn in stylo roots, especially in RY5. We characterized the excess Mn-inducible gene SgPAL2, encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. SgPAL2 localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. Compared to control plants, SgPAL2 overexpression led to increases in shoot and root dry weights under Mn-excess conditions, whereas SgPAL2 suppression had the opposite effect. Moreover, SgPAL2 overexpression dramatically altered secondary metabolism, particularly flavonoid metabolism. In a bioassay, the inhibition of root elongation caused by excess Mn was alleviated by treatment with exogenous calycosin, an SgPAL2-regulated isoflavonoid, suggesting calycosin can detoxify Mn. Taken together, these findings indicate that SgPAL2 plays a critical role in enhancing Mn tolerance in stylo through metabolic regulation.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant PhysiologyPub Date : 2024-12-31DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae639
Hui Liu, Jantana Blanford, Hai Shi, Jorg Schwender, John Shanklin, Zhiyang Zhai
{"title":"The Target of Rapamycin kinase is a positive regulator of plant fatty acid and lipid synthesis","authors":"Hui Liu, Jantana Blanford, Hai Shi, Jorg Schwender, John Shanklin, Zhiyang Zhai","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiae639","url":null,"abstract":"In eukaryotes, Target of Rapamycin (TOR), a conserved protein sensor kinase, integrates diverse environmental cues, including growth factor signals, energy availability, and nutritional status, to direct cell growth. In plants, TOR is activated by light and sugars and regulates a wide range of cellular processes, including protein synthesis and metabolism. Fatty acid synthesis is key to membrane biogenesis that is required for cell growth. To elucidate the primary regulatory role(s) of TOR in lipid metabolism, we followed fatty acid and lipid changes in plants with altered TOR protein levels or activity for short durations, using Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, Arabidopsis seedlings, and Brassica napus cell suspension cultures. Transient expression of TOR significantly elevated the levels of total fatty acids (TFAs) in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Conversely, treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings with the TOR-specific inhibitor Torin 2 for one day caused significant reductions in fatty acids and membrane lipids. Similarly, incubating oil-producing Brassica napus suspension culture cells with Torin 2 for eight hours led to significant decreases in the levels of TFAs and triacylglycerol. The results from three independent systems presented here establish that TOR positively regulates lipid synthesis in plants, consistent with its role in animals. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis of Torin 2-treated Arabidopsis seedlings showed that TOR promotes the upregulation of several genes involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis while downregulating genes involved in lipid turnover, which we propose as a mechanistic explanation for its promotion of lipid synthesis and accumulation.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant PhysiologyPub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae676
Jinyong Yang, Shenglan Li, Xiangxue Zhou, Chongxuan Du, Ju Fang, Xing Li, Jun Zhao, Fan Ding, Yue Wang, Qian Zhang, Zhengrui Wang, Jianping Liu, Gangqiang Dong, Jianhua Zhang, Feiyun Xu, Weifeng Xu
{"title":"Bacillus amyloliquefaciens promotes cluster root formation of white lupin under low phosphorus by mediating auxin levels","authors":"Jinyong Yang, Shenglan Li, Xiangxue Zhou, Chongxuan Du, Ju Fang, Xing Li, Jun Zhao, Fan Ding, Yue Wang, Qian Zhang, Zhengrui Wang, Jianping Liu, Gangqiang Dong, Jianhua Zhang, Feiyun Xu, Weifeng Xu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiae676","url":null,"abstract":"White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) produces cluster roots to acquire more phosphorus under phosphorus deficiency. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 contributes to plant growth, but whether and how it promotes cluster root formation in white lupin remain unclear. Here, we investigated the roles of SQR9 in cluster root formation under low-phosphorus conditions using a microbial mutant and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in white lupin. SQR9 substantially enhanced cluster root formation under low-phosphorus conditions. The ysnE gene encodes an auxin biosynthesis enzyme in SQR9 and was associated with cluster root formation, as ysnE-defective SQR9 did not trigger cluster root formation. SQR9 inoculation induced the expression of PIN-formed2 (LaPIN2, encoding an auxin transporter) and YUCCA4 (LaYUC4, encoding an auxin biosynthesis enzyme) in white lupin roots. VIGS-mediated knockdown of LaPIN2 and LaYUC4 prevented wild-type SQR9-induced cluster root formation in white lupin. Finally, white lupin LaYUC4-derived auxin and SQR9-derived auxin pools were both transported by LaPIN2, promoting cluster root formation under low phosphorus conditions. Taken together, we propose that B. amyloliquefaciens promotes cluster root formation in white lupin under low-phosphorus conditions by stimulating auxin biosynthesis and transport. Our results provide insights into the interplay between bacteria and root auxin in crop phosphorus use efficiency.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant PhysiologyPub Date : 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae656
Ritu Singh, Prem Pratap Singh
{"title":"Ceramide and C1P: a lipid love story of Brassica-Sclerotinia interaction.","authors":"Ritu Singh, Prem Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae656","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiae656","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant PhysiologyPub Date : 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae642
Magdalena Wrona, Julia Zinsmeister, Michal Krzyszton, Claire Villette, Julie Zumsteg, Pierre Mercier, Martine Neveu, Sebastian P Sacharowski, Rafał Archacki, Boris Collet, Julia Buitink, Hubert Schaller, Szymon Swiezewski, Ruslan Yatusevich
{"title":"The BRAHMA-associated SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex controls Arabidopsis seed quality and physiology.","authors":"Magdalena Wrona, Julia Zinsmeister, Michal Krzyszton, Claire Villette, Julie Zumsteg, Pierre Mercier, Martine Neveu, Sebastian P Sacharowski, Rafał Archacki, Boris Collet, Julia Buitink, Hubert Schaller, Szymon Swiezewski, Ruslan Yatusevich","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae642","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiae642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The SWI/SNF (SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) chromatin remodeling complex is involved in various aspects of plant development and stress responses. Here, we investigated the role of BRM (BRAHMA), a core catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, in Arabidopsis thaliana seed biology. brm-3 seeds exhibited enlarged size, reduced yield, increased longevity, and enhanced secondary dormancy, but did not show changes in primary dormancy or salt tolerance. Some of these phenotypes depended on the expression of DOG1, a key regulator of seed dormancy, as they were restored in the brm-3 dog1-4 double mutant. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that BRM and DOG1 synergistically modulate the expression of numerous genes. Some of the changes observed in the brm-3 mutant, including increased glutathione levels, depended on a functional DOG1. We demonstrated that the BRM-containing chromatin remodeling complex directly controls secondary dormancy through DOG1 by binding and remodeling its 3' region, where the promoter of the long noncoding RNA asDOG1 is located. Our results suggest that BRM and DOG1 cooperate to control seed physiological properties and that BRM regulates DOG1 expression through asDOG1. This study reveals chromatin remodeling at the DOG1 locus as a molecular mechanism controlling the interplay between seed viability and dormancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant PhysiologyPub Date : 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae664
Abigail M Guillemette, Guillian Hernández Casanova, John P Hamilton, Eva Pokorná, Petre I Dobrev, Václav Motyka, Aaron M Rashotte, Courtney P Leisner
{"title":"The physiological and molecular responses of potato tuberization to projected future elevated temperatures.","authors":"Abigail M Guillemette, Guillian Hernández Casanova, John P Hamilton, Eva Pokorná, Petre I Dobrev, Václav Motyka, Aaron M Rashotte, Courtney P Leisner","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae664","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiae664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important food crops globally and is especially vulnerable to heat stress. However, substantial knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the developmental mechanisms associated with tuber responses to heat stress. This study used whole-plant physiology, transcriptomics, and phytohormone profiling to elucidate how heat stress affects potato tuber development. When plants were grown in projected future elevated temperature conditions, abscisic acid (ABA) levels decreased in leaf and tuber tissues, whereas rates of leaf carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance were not significantly affected compared to those plants grown in historical temperature conditions. While plants grown in projected future elevated temperature conditions initiated more tubers per plant on average, there was a 66% decrease in mature tubers at the final harvest compared to those plants grown in historical temperature conditions. We hypothesize that reduced tuber yields at elevated temperatures are not due to reduced tuber initiation, but due to impaired tuber filling. Transcriptomic analysis detected significant changes in the expression of genes related to ABA response, heat stress, and starch biosynthesis. The tuberization repressor genes SELF-PRUNING 5G (StSP5G) and CONSTANS-LIKE1 (StCOL1) were differentially expressed in tubers grown in elevated temperatures. Two additional known tuberization genes, IDENTITY OF TUBER 1 (StIT1) and TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (StTOC1), displayed distinct expression patterns under elevated temperatures compared to historical temperature conditions but were not differentially expressed. This work highlights potential gene targets and key developmental stages associated with tuberization to develop potatoes with greater heat tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11683837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant PhysiologyPub Date : 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae651
Dechang Cao, Joke De Jaeger-Braet
{"title":"Memory of maternal temperatures: DNA methylation alterations across generations.","authors":"Dechang Cao, Joke De Jaeger-Braet","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae651","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiae651","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The cytokinin efflux transporter ABCC4 participates in Arabidopsis root system development","authors":"Takuya Uragami, Takatoshi Kiba, Mikiko Kojima, Yumiko Takebayashi, Yuzuru Tozawa, Yuki Hayashi, Toshinori Kinoshita, Hitoshi Sakakibara","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiae628","url":null,"abstract":"The directional and sequential flow of cytokinin in plants is organized by a complex network of transporters. Genes involved in several aspects of cytokinin transport have been characterized; however, much of the elaborate system remains elusive. In this study, we used a transient expression system in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaves to screen Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transporter genes and isolated ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER C4 (ABCC4). Validation through drug-induced expression in Arabidopsis and heterologous expression in budding yeast revealed that ABCC4 effluxes the active form of cytokinins. During the seedling stage, ABCC4 was highly expressed in roots, and its expression was upregulated in response to cytokinin application. Loss-of-function mutants of ABCC4 displayed enhanced primary root elongation, similar to mutants impaired in cytokinin biosynthesis or signaling, that was suppressed by exogenous trans-zeatin treatment. In contrast, overexpression of the gene led to suppression of root elongation. These results suggest that ABCC4 plays a role in the efflux of active cytokinin, thereby contributing to root growth regulation. Additionally, cytokinin-dependent enlargement of stomatal aperture was impaired in the loss-of-function and overexpression lines. Our findings contribute to unraveling the many complexities of cytokinin flow and enhance our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying root system development and stomatal opening in plants.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CALMODULIN-BINDING RECEPTOR-LIKE CYTOPLASMIC KINASE 3 regulates salt tolerance through CATALASE 2 in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Yufen Zhuang, Yiyi Zhang, Haifan Shi, Yanan Pang, Xixian Feng, Wenjuan Fan, Dan Chang, Honghui Lin, Huapeng Zhou","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiae669","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiae669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil salinization threatens global crop production. Here, we report that a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, CALMODULIN-BINDING RECEPTOR-LIKE CYTOPLASMIC KINASE 3 (CRCK3), plays an essential role in plant salt tolerance via CATALASE 2 (CAT2), a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-scavenging enzyme in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). CRCK3 was induced by salt stress, and its knockout mutant displayed a salt-sensitive phenotype compared with wild-type plants. CRCK3 was activated by salt stress in a calcium-dependent manner, and its kinase activity was required for plant salt tolerance. CRCK3 physically interacted with CAT2, and CRCK3-mediated salt tolerance depended on CAT2. Salt treatment significantly induced CAT2 phosphorylation via the action of CRCK3, and this phosphorylation was required for CAT2-mediated H2O2 scavenging to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and oxidative damage in plants under saline conditions. CRCK3 phosphorylated CAT2 at the Thr209 residue, resulting in elevated catalase activity to reduce ROS accumulation under saline conditions. Therefore, the CRCK3-CAT2 module mediates plant salt tolerance by maintaining redox homeostasis. This study expands our knowledge of how plants respond to salt stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}