Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Nodule organogenesis in Medicago truncatula requires local stage-specific auxin biosynthesis and transport.","authors":"Ting Ting Xiao, Sophia Müller, Defeng Shen, Jieyu Liu, Kelvin Adema, Amber van Seters, Henk Franssen, Ton Bisseling, Olga Kulikova, Wouter Kohlen","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of auxin in plant organ development, including root nodule formation, is well known. The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of auxin during nodule development has been illustrated using auxin reporter constructs. However, our understanding of how this pattern is established and maintained remains elusive. Here, we studied how the auxin gradient is associated with the spatiotemporal expression patterns of known auxin biosynthesis and transport genes at different stages of nodule development in Medicago (Medicago truncatula). In addition, we examined the Medicago PIN-FORMED10 (MtPIN10) expression pattern and polar positioning on the cell membrane during nodule primordium development to investigate auxin flux. RNA interference and the application of auxin biosynthesis inhibitors were used to demonstrate the importance of auxin biosynthesis and transport at the initial stages of nodulation. Our results show that upon rhizobium inoculation before the first cell divisions, a specific subset of Medicago YUCCA (MtYUC) and MtPIN genes, as well as Medicago LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT2 (MtLAX2), are expressed in the pericycle and contribute to the creation of an auxin maximum. Overall, we demonstrate that the dynamic spatiotemporal expression of both MtYUC and MtPIN genes results in specific auxin outputs during the different stages of nodule primordia and nodule meristem formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A galactolipase activated by high light helps cells acclimate to stress in cyanobacteria","authors":"Nobuyuki Takatani, Makoto Uenosono, Yuya Senoo, Kazutaka Ikeda, Makiko Aichi, Tatsuo Omata","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf130","url":null,"abstract":"In the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, high-light (HL) stress activates deacylation of the four major lipid classes in the membrane. To investigate the mechanism and the physiological relevance of the HL-activated lipid deacylation, we searched for lipase genes of S. elongatus by measuring in vitro lipase activity of recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli. Three genes (lipB, lipC, and lipD) were identified as lipase genes out of 14 candidates, and lipB was found to be conserved in most cyanobacteria. His-tagged LipB protein showed acyl-hydrolyzing activity against galactolipids in vitro. In a strain deficient in acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase and hence defective in the recycling of free fatty acids (FFA), HL-induced accumulation of FFA and lysogalactolipids was reduced by 45% by lipB inactivation, verifying that LipB is a lipase involved in the HL-induced deacylation of galactolipids. Deficiency of lipB in the WT background had no impact on PSII photoinhibition or its subsequent recovery; however, unlike WT cells, ΔlipB cells failed to quickly resume growth when irradiated with strong light (2,000 µmol photons m-2 s-1). The HL sensitivity of growth due to lipB deficiency was more pronounced under nitrogen-limiting conditions. The phenotype was rescued by wild-type LipB expression but not by inactive LipB variant expression. These results suggest that the deacylation of galactolipids by LipB helps cells acclimate to HL conditions by regulating factors other than PSII activity.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale Imaging Locates Thermogenic Tissues and Reveals the Role of Ca2+ in Floral Thermogenesis","authors":"Miao Yu, Siqin Wang, Lingdie Kong, Mengsha Huang, Jin Zhang, Jing Li, Ruohan Wang","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf131","url":null,"abstract":"Floral thermogenesis is an ancient feature that facilitates mutualism between flowers and pollinators. Yet localization of specific thermogenic tissues within floral organs has received little attention. Here, we integrated infrared (IR) thermal imaging and micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) to localize the thermogenic tissues in the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) receptacle. IR imaging preliminarily identified the primary thermogenic tissues of the receptacle as the carpels and epidermis. The calcium distribution visualized by μ-XRF complemented the results of IR imaging, indicating that the thermogenic tissues include the epidermis and the upper parts of the carpels. This ensures that heat reaches the chamber formed by the petals and receptacle over the shortest distance, thereby minimizing heat loss. Additionally, we observed a higher rate of Ca2+ transport from the apoplast to the cytosol and upregulation of genes associated with mitochondrial calcium uniporters (MCU) at the thermogenesis initiation stage as compared to the pre-thermogenic stage. Increasing the cytosolic Ca2+ (cCa2+) concentration reversed the inhibition of alternative respiratory pathways, further illustrating the close relationship between Ca2+ concentration and thermogenesis. Our research not only presents a precise method for identifying thermogenic tissues in plants but also demonstrates the evolutionary efforts of lotus to maximize energy utilization efficiency.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceratostigma willmottianum mineralizes atmospheric CO2 into CaCO3 in a high-calcium environment","authors":"Cailei Liu, Ting Lei, Yunlong Wang, Lijuan Yang, Jiani Li, Qibing Chen, Long Guo, Yirui Li, Zian Zhao, Niting Wen, Yichen Yin, Suping Gao","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf134","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralization is an ancient evolutionary feature of life that plays a key role in environmental adaptation. In plants, CaCO3 deposition is found in several taxa; however, current knowledge of its formation and ecological adaptive implication is limited. Here, we used the chalk gland plant Ceratostigma willmottianum to gain insight into CaCO3 biomineralization. We found that secretion crystals are mainly composed of CaCO3 (&amp;gt; 90%), and the chalk gland consists of sixteen cells with four secretory pores on the surface. CaCO3 accumulation was highly dependent on atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and independent of soil dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). CaCO3 accumulation occurred mainly during the day, with diurnal variations in the carbon source, mainly atmospheric CO2 during the day and metabolic CO2 at night. Hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate (HCO3­) occurred within the leaves, and the reaction rate was controlled by the activity of extracellular carbonic anhydrases (CAs). C. willmottianum showed a high tolerance to calcium stress, potentially related to enhanced calcium compartmentalization and CaCO3 excretion in the chalk gland under high-calcium environments. The conversion of atmospheric CO2 into CaCO3 by C. willmottianum may represent an ecological adaptation of plants to high-calcium environments. These results provide cases and theoretical references for studying CaCO3 biomineralization mechanisms and plant calcium adaptation.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIZU-KUSSEI 1 regulates root hydrotropism and cytokinin signal transduction by interacting with cytokinin receptors.","authors":"Weihao Fu, Juan Shen, Liming He, Ling Wang, Jia Li, Jinke Chang","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Roots exhibit hydrotropism in response to moisture gradients to avoid drought stress. Several proteins have been reported to regulate this process, with MIZU-KUSSEI 1 (MIZ1) being identified as a pivotal regulator. Although most studies on the regulatory mechanisms of root hydrotropism have focused on MIZ1, the molecular mechanisms of MIZ1 are poorly understood. Here, we report that MIZ1 plays an essential role in regulating cytokinin signal transduction by interacting with the cytokinin receptors ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASEs (AHKs) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The miz1-2 mutant exhibited a decreased response to cytokinins, whereas overexpressors of MIZ1 showed an increased response to cytokinins. The expression levels of two type-A Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs) of cytokinins, ARR16 and ARR17, were downregulated, and their up-regulation by cytokinins was substantially attenuated in miz1-2 compared with those in Col-0. Overexpression of MIZ1 partially rescued the decreased response of the ahk2-5 ahk3-7 double mutant to cytokinins. MIZ1 can physically interact with AHKs, as revealed by yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assays. Mutants of cytokinin signal transduction, such as ahk2-5 ahk3-7 ahk4-2 and arr3 arr4 arr5 arr6 arr8 arr9 arr16-C arr17-C, showed a greatly reduced hydrotropic response, similar to miz1-2. Additionally, MIZ1 also regulates the homeostasis of cytokinins by controlling the expression of genes encoding their biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes. Our results reveal the critical role of MIZ1 in regulating the cytokinin signaling response, which is essential for the root hydrotropic response.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical farming limitations and potential demonstrated by back-of-the-envelope calculations.","authors":"Samuel J Lovat, Εlad Noor, Ron Milo","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Improving food security and reducing the environmental footprint of food production is urgently needed to satisfy the growing global population in a time of climate, biodiversity and water pressures. Indoor vertical farming is largely independent of environmental conditions and is reported to reduce the land and water required for food production. However, vertical farming requires large amounts of energy. Based on the vertical farming energy cost, we derive from basic considerations a current minimum cost of ≈$10/kg dry plant matter. Vertical farming is therefore not currently competitive with dried cereals or pulses (e.g. wheat, rice and soybeans). We also show limited current competitiveness for products like tomatoes and lettuce, despite a low dry matter content. Whereas the environmental implications of vertical farming depend on the electricity source. Using the average newly installed electricity mix in recent years (predominantly solar and wind, with some coal, natural gas and bioenergy), vertical farming could substantially increase greenhouse gas emissions and has limited land benefits compared to conventional agriculture. Using exclusively electricity from photovoltaics, some environmental benefits could be achieved for crops with a low dry matter content like lettuce, but this is more limited for dried crops like wheat. The transparent calculations we provide here set out challenges for vertical farming and highlight that improvements in both the overall vertical farming energetic efficiency (≈1-2%), as well as low-impact electricity sources are needed in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased chloroplast area in the rice bundle sheath through cell-specific perturbation of brassinosteroid signalling.","authors":"Lee Cackett, Leonie H Luginbuehl, Ross-William Hendron, Andrew R G Plackett, Susan Stanley, Lei Hua, Na Wang, Steven Kelly, Julian M Hibberd","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the leaves of C3 species such as rice (Oryza sativa), mesophyll cells contain the largest compartment of photosynthetically active chloroplasts. In contrast, plants that use the derived and more efficient C4 photosynthetic pathway have a considerable chloroplast compartment in both bundle sheath and mesophyll cells. Accordingly, the evolution of C4 photosynthesis from the ancestral C3 state required an increased chloroplast compartment in the bundle sheath. Here, we investigated the potential to increase chloroplast compartment size in rice bundle sheath cells by manipulating brassinosteroid signalling. Treatment with brassinazole, a brassinosteroid biosynthesis inhibitor, raised leaf chlorophyll content and increased the number but decreased the area of chloroplasts in bundle sheath cells. Ubiquitous overexpression of the transcription factor-encoding BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (OsBZR1) increased bundle sheath chloroplast area by up to 45%, but these plants became chlorotic. However, when OsBZR1 expression was driven by a bundle sheath-specific promoter, the negative effects on growth and viability were alleviated whilst chloroplast area still increased. In summary, we report a role for brassinosteroids in controlling chloroplast area and number in rice and conclude that cell-specific manipulation of brassinosteroid signalling can be used to manipulate the chloroplast compartment in rice bundle sheath cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three Rho of Plants (ROP)-GTPase regulatory proteins control ROP-mediated alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus.","authors":"Anuj Sharma, Sruthi Mohan, Priyanka Gupta, Durgesh Parihar, Dinesh A Nagegowda","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rho of Plants (ROP)-GTPase Regulatory Proteins (RGRPs) have been shown to control plant morphogenesis, development and immunity; however, their role in specialized metabolism remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that specific RGRPs control monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA) biosynthesis by interacting with distinct ROPs in Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). Among the five Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs), four GTPase-Activating Proteins (GAPs), and two GDP Dissociation Inhibitors (GDIs) identified in the C. roseus genome, only CrGEF1, CrGAP1, and CrGDI2 specifically interacted with CrROP3 and CrROP5. These RGRPs displayed distinct cytosolic and/or membrane localization patterns, with their transcripts predominantly expressed in aerial tissues. Functional studies revealed that CrGEF1 acts as a positive regulator of MIA biosynthesis, as silencing its gene led to a reduction in MIA production, while overexpression enhanced MIA levels. Conversely, CrGAP1 and CrGDI2 function as negative regulators, with silencing resulting in increased MIA production and overexpression causing reduced MIA levels. Notably, terminal truncated forms of these RGRPs showed interaction with CrROP3 or CrROP5 but failed to influence MIA biosynthesis, underscoring the importance of these domains in their regulatory functions. Overall, our findings uncover a mechanism by which distinct RGRPs coordinate with specific ROPs to regulate transcription factors and fine-tune MIA biosynthesis in C. roseus.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water immunity overrides stomatal immunity in plant resistance to Pseudomonas syringae.","authors":"Jasmin Kemppinen, Maximillian Pollmeier, Sanna Ehonen, Mikael Brosché, Maija Sierla","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stomata play crucial roles in the multilayered defense system against pathogens. Upon pathogen perception, stomata close promptly, establishing the first line of defense known as stomatal immunity. The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae (Pst) exploits open stomata for entry into its host. However, it can also induce stomatal closure at post-invasive stages to enhance apoplastic hydration, creating a favorable environment for Pst proliferation, evident as water-soaked lesions on leaves. During the post-invasive stages of Pst infection, plants reopen their stomata to promote apoplastic dehydration, establishing the second layer of stomatal defense termed water immunity. To evaluate the relative importance of stomatal versus water immunity, we utilized a diverse set of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants with impaired stomatal function and monitored bacterial growth, stomatal behavior, and water-soaking capacity after Pst pv. tomato DC3000 infection. Most mutants with constitutively open stomata and disrupted stomatal closure were more resistant to Pst than wild-type plants. Also, while some mutants displayed similar stomatal behavior at the initial stages of defense, their disease outcomes were opposite, suggesting that stomatal immunity does not determine disease resistance. Instead, the water-soaking capacity, which is associated with stomatal status at later stages of infection (i.e., water immunity), dictates disease outcome. Our results show that enhanced water immunity can override the lack of stomatal immunity in plant resistance to Pst. We also address previous discrepancies in the literature showing contradicting results for pathogen growth on stomatal mutants, highlighting the challenges in dissecting stomatal effects on plant disease resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of multi-omics data and deep phenotyping provides insights into responses to single and combined abiotic stress in potato.","authors":"Maja Zagorščak, Lamis Abdelhakim, Natalia Yaneth Rodriguez-Granados, Jitka Široká, Arindam Ghatak, Carissa Bleker, Andrej Blejec, Jan Zrimec, Ondřej Novák, Aleš Pěnčík, Špela Baebler, Lucia Perez Borroto, Christian Schuy, Anže Županič, Leila Afjehi-Sadat, Bernhard Wurzinger, Wolfram Weckwerth, Maruša Pompe Novak, Marc R Knight, Miroslav Strnad, Christian Bachem, Palak Chaturvedi, Sophia Sonnewald, Rashmi Sasidharan, Klára Panzarová, Kristina Gruden, Markus Teige","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is highly water and space efficient but susceptible to abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, and flooding, which are severely exacerbated by climate change. Our understanding of crop acclimation to abiotic stress, however, remains limited. Here, we present a comprehensive molecular and physiological high-throughput profiling of potato (Solanum tuberosum, cv. Désirée) under heat, drought, and waterlogging applied as single stresses or in combinations designed to mimic realistic future scenarios. Stress responses were monitored via daily phenotyping and multi-omics analyses of leaf samples comprising proteomics, targeted transcriptomics, metabolomics, and hormonomics at several timepoints during and after stress treatments. Additionally, critical metabolites of tuber samples were analyzed at the end of the stress period. We performed integrative multi-omics data analysis using a bioinformatic pipeline that we established based on machine learning and knowledge networks. Waterlogging produced the most immediate and dramatic effects on potato plants, interestingly activating ABA responses similar to drought stress. In addition, we observed distinct stress signatures at multiple molecular levels in response to heat or drought and to a combination of both. In response to all treatments, we found a downregulation of photosynthesis at different molecular levels, an accumulation of minor amino acids, and diverse stress-induced hormones. Our integrative multi-omics analysis provides global insights into plant stress responses, facilitating improved breeding strategies toward climate-adapted potato varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}