Plant Physiology最新文献_第5页

Integrating molecular genetics with plant breeding to deliver impact

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf087

Rajiv Sharma, Chin Jian Yang, Nicola Rossi, Emma Irving, Ashley Tuffin, Hadi Aliki, Wayne Powell, Ian K Dawson

{"title":"Integrating molecular genetics with plant breeding to deliver impact","authors":"Rajiv Sharma, Chin Jian Yang, Nicola Rossi, Emma Irving, Ashley Tuffin, Hadi Aliki, Wayne Powell, Ian K Dawson","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf087","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The appropriate use of molecular genetic approaches to reach impact in plant breeding is not straightforward. Here, we consider theory and realised application, and explore key issues that early-career plant molecular genetic researchers especially should consider as they establish their careers, particularly in relation to opportunities in plant breeding that span academia and the private sector. Useful entry points for these researchers are an understanding of the plant breeding cycle and the breeder’s equation. Becoming familiar with success and failure factors in the application of molecular genetics to practical plant breeding, including in relation to quantitative genetic principles, is also important. Other framing issues are scenario modelling for choosing between breeding scheme options, how agronomy and plant breeding interrelate, and the needs of future food production systems. We also recommend that early-career plant molecular genetic researchers look at whether pathways have been mapped out for how research will lead to impact at field level, whether stakeholders’ perspectives have been accounted for, and whether the effectiveness of molecular genetic versus alternative interventions have been costed. Early-career researchers should also consider if effective systems are in place to monitor the values of molecular interventions, and whether the necessary multidisciplinary teams are involved in crop development and deployment. We believe that through building a cadre of well-informed and well-connected early-career plant molecular genetic researchers, transformational change in the applications of molecular genetics to practical plant breeding will be enhanced.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase-dependent flavonoid defenses promote sorghum resistance to fall armyworm infestation.

IF 6.5 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf071

Pritha Kundu, Sanket Shinde, Sajjan Grover, Scott E Sattler, Joe Louis

{"title":"Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase-dependent flavonoid defenses promote sorghum resistance to fall armyworm infestation.","authors":"Pritha Kundu, Sanket Shinde, Sajjan Grover, Scott E Sattler, Joe Louis","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), one of the world's most important monocot crops, suffers severe yield losses due to attack by a polyphagous insect pest, fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda). Here, we show that the Brown midrib 12 (Bmr12) gene, which encodes the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme, promotes sorghum defense against FAW. Loss of Bmr12 function resulted in increased susceptibility, but enhanced resistance to FAW was observed in Bmr12-overexpression (OE) plants compared with wild-type (RTx430) plants. Although COMT is associated with modulating lignin levels, FAW infestation resulted in comparable lignin levels between bmr12 and Bmr12-OE sorghum plants. On the contrary, evidence presented here indicates that FAW feeding induced the accumulation of flavonoids, which was previously shown to have a negative impact on FAW growth and survival in Bmr12-OE plants compared with bmr12 and RTx430 plants. Furthermore, a combination of phytohormone profiling and transcriptomic analysis uncovered that COMT-mediated resistance to FAW depends on jasmonic acid (JA) and oxidative stress-associated pathways. Exogenous application of FAW oral secretions stimulated flavonoid accumulation in Bmr12-OE plants compared with bmr12 and RTx430 plants, indicating that COMT has an essential function in perceiving FAW oral cues. Taken together, the critical role of COMT in sorghum defense against FAW hinges upon the interplay between JA and its derivatives and hydrogen peroxide, which potentially helps to mount a robust flavonoid-based host defense upon caterpillar attack.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolites managing excess manganese: The SgPAL2-regulated flavonoids in stylo.

IF 6.5 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf062

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