Plant Physiology最新文献

Haplotype-resolved genome and multi-omics landscape reveal an epigenetic regulation of citric acid accumulation in lemon 单倍型解析基因组和多组学景观揭示了柠檬柠檬酸积累的表观遗传调控

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf400

Yue Wang, Yike Zeng, Yilei Wang, Haowei Chen, Wei Xiao, Tian Fang, Jian Zhu, Chunlong Li, Lei Gao, Ji-Hong Liu

{"title":"Haplotype-resolved genome and multi-omics landscape reveal an epigenetic regulation of citric acid accumulation in lemon","authors":"Yue Wang, Yike Zeng, Yilei Wang, Haowei Chen, Wei Xiao, Tian Fang, Jian Zhu, Chunlong Li, Lei Gao, Ji-Hong Liu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf400","url":null,"abstract":"Lemon (Citrus limon L.), an economically important Citrus species, produces high levels of citric acid. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying citric acid accumulation in lemon fruit are poorly understood. In this study, we generated a haplotype-resolved genome for ‘Eureka’, a widely cultivated commercial lemon cultivar. Based on the progenitor sequences, we elucidated the origin and identified some domesticated loci of the lemon haplomes, including those associated with citric acid metabolism. Comparative genomics analysis revealed that the gene families enriched in the pathways related to stress responses and soluble sugar biosynthesis were dramatically contracted in the lemon genome. Substantial allelic variations in sequences, gene expression and methylation levels were detected between the two haplotypes. Of note, transcript levels of vacuolar P-ATPases, PH5, encoding a proton pump involved in citric acid accumulation, were drastically higher in Eureka lemon relative to sweet lemon, which contains trace amount of citric acid in the fruit. In addition, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that the promoter of PH5 was highly methylated in sweet lemon but not in Eureka. Furthermore, demethylation of the PH5 promoter led to an increase in the citric acid content. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that low DNA methylation level in the promoter region of PH5 contributes to the abundant accumulation of citric acid in lemon fruit. Our study provides a valuable genetic resource for investigating the domestication mechanism in citrus and underpins genome-based genetic engineering to create either acid or acidless cultivars.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reshaping epigenomic landscapes facilitated bread wheat speciation 重塑表观基因组景观促进了面包小麦的物种形成

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf399

Zhaoheng Zhang, Xuelei Lin, Jingjing Yue, Yongxin Xu, Lingfeng Miao, Wenqiang Tang, Weilong Guo, Jun Xiao

{"title":"Reshaping epigenomic landscapes facilitated bread wheat speciation","authors":"Zhaoheng Zhang, Xuelei Lin, Jingjing Yue, Yongxin Xu, Lingfeng Miao, Wenqiang Tang, Weilong Guo, Jun Xiao","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf399","url":null,"abstract":"Polyploidization is a driving force of wheat (Triticum aestivum) evolution and speciation, yet its impact on epigenetic regulation and gene expression remains unclear. Here, we constructed a high-resolution epigenetic landscape across leaves, spikes, and roots of hexaploid wheat and its tetraploid and diploid relatives. Inter-species stably expressed genes exhibited conserved amino acid sequences under strong purifying selection, while dynamically expressed genes were linked to species-specific adaptation. During hexaploidization, dominant D-subgenome homoeolog expression was suppressed via reduced activating epigenetic signals, converging expression with the A and B subgenomes. Proximal chromatin regions near genes were more stable, whereas distal regions, particularly distal cis-regulatory elements (dCREs) regulated by H3K27ac and H3K4me3, exhibited higher dynamism. Sequence variations in these dCREs led to differential gene regulation, influencing traits such as spike development. For instance, the two haplotypes of the DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE (TaDEP-B1) dCRE region resulted in significant differences in its expression and spikelet numbers. We also observed a coevolution of transcription factors and their binding sites, particularly within the expanded ERF family, which regulates spike morphology. This study highlights the interplay between sequence variation and epigenetic modifications in shaping transcriptional regulation during wheat speciation, offering valuable insights for genetic improvement.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced stomatal density in wheat overexpressing EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR1 differentially affects red and blue light responses 过表达表皮图案因子1的小麦气孔密度降低对红蓝光响应的影响存在差异

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf379

Mengjie Fan, Delfi Dorussen, Hussein Gherli, Tracy Lawson

{"title":"Reduced stomatal density in wheat overexpressing EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR1 differentially affects red and blue light responses","authors":"Mengjie Fan, Delfi Dorussen, Hussein Gherli, Tracy Lawson","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf379","url":null,"abstract":"Stomatal pores govern the tradeoff between CO₂ assimilation and water loss, and optimizing their performance is critical for crop resilience, particularly under dynamic field environments. Here, we show that overexpression of Triticum aestivum EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR1 (TaEPF1) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) reduces leaf stomatal density in a leaf surface-specific manner, with a greater decline on the abaxial surface than on the adaxial surface. TaEPF1 overexpressors exhibited substantially lower stomatal conductance than wild-type (WT) control plants, which resulted in diffusional constraints limiting photosynthesis when measured under monochromatic red light. However, upon partial substitution of red light with blue light, EPF1 overexpressors displayed an amplified and rapid stomatal opening response, particularly on the abaxial surface, where relative conductance increased by up to 90% versus 49% observed in the WT. Despite anatomical limitations in maximum conductance rate, this blue light sensitivity effectively compensated for the lower baseline gas exchange. The enhanced sensitivity to blue light was also concomitant with lower intercellular CO₂ levels under red light. When gsw responses were normalized relative to stomatal density, , stomatal sensitivity to red light was reduced at the pore level, whilst blue light sensitivity increased, which was particularly evident during abaxial surface illumination. Finally, the transgenic lines maintained a 15–20% higher water use efficiency across light regimes. These findings show a compensatory mechanism where genetically induced reduction in stomatal density is offset by heightened blue light sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of lncRNA-mRNA pairs induced by Colletotrichum camelliae reveals Cslnc170 as a regulator of CsLOX4 in tea plants 茶树炭黑诱导的lncRNA-mRNA对分析表明Cslnc170是茶树CsLOX4的调节因子

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf401

Ting Jiang, Cheng Liu, Yingbang Hu, Qiyun Liu, Nana Wang, Haiyan Wang, Xiaolan Jiang, Liping Gao, Tao Xia

{"title":"Analysis of lncRNA-mRNA pairs induced by Colletotrichum camelliae reveals Cslnc170 as a regulator of CsLOX4 in tea plants","authors":"Ting Jiang, Cheng Liu, Yingbang Hu, Qiyun Liu, Nana Wang, Haiyan Wang, Xiaolan Jiang, Liping Gao, Tao Xia","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf401","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal diseases such as anthracnose substantially affect the growth of tea (Camellia sinensis) plants. Understanding disease resistance mechanisms and identifying resistance genes will aid in breeding resistant varieties. Non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play critical roles in regulating plant immunity by influencing target gene expression; however, their role in disease resistance of tea plants remains underexplored. Here, we used RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in Camellia sinensis following infection with Colletotrichum camelliae. Our analysis revealed 524 antisense lncRNA-mRNA pairs and 3,588 cis-acting lncRNA-mRNA pairs involved in photosynthesis, amino acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and secondary metabolism pathways such as flavonoid biosynthesis. Among these, we identified the cis-acting pair Cslnc170-CsLOX4 (encoding a 13-lipoxygenase) as a key regulator of disease resistance. The Cslnc170 gene (1,581 bp) lies 9,254 bp downstream of the CsLOX4 gene, a member of the 13-lipoxygenase family. Functional studies showed that Cslnc170 activates CsLOX4 expression via loop 4 of its secondary structure and the CsLOX4 promoter region (930–952 bp). Agrobacterium-mediated overexpression and antisense-oligonucleotide-mediated silencing experiments confirmed that the Cslnc170-CsLOX4 pair enhances resistance to anthracnose in tea leaves. These findings provide insights into the regulatory role of lncRNA-mRNA pairs, offering potential targets for improving disease resistance in tea plants.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the amino acid-derived metabolomes of Arabidopsis and their associated natural variation using isotope labeling and mGWAS. 利用同位素标记和mGWAS技术探索拟南芥氨基酸衍生代谢组及其相关的自然变异。

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf381

Zhi-Wei Luo,Jeffrey P Simpson,Abigail Sipes,Caden Tuinstra,Caroline Marks,Grace Charpentier,Bruce R Cooper,Fabiola Muro-Villanueva,William Delacruz,Brian Dilkes,Clint Chapple

{"title":"Exploring the amino acid-derived metabolomes of Arabidopsis and their associated natural variation using isotope labeling and mGWAS.","authors":"Zhi-Wei Luo,Jeffrey P Simpson,Abigail Sipes,Caden Tuinstra,Caroline Marks,Grace Charpentier,Bruce R Cooper,Fabiola Muro-Villanueva,William Delacruz,Brian Dilkes,Clint Chapple","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf381","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we used stable isotope labeling coupled with reversed-phase HPLC-MS to annotate the origin of metabolite features in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) (Columbia-0) seedling rosettes and stems. Using this strategy, a total of 1,240 metabolite features were shown to be derived from 15 amino acids, and these represented 10% to 30% of the total ion counts detected by untargeted LC-MS. The amino acid-derived metabolomes (AADMs) of rosettes and stems exhibited differing patterns of accumulation. Precursor-of-origin annotations (POA) revealed that some metabolites were generated solely from individual amino acids, whereas others were derived from multiple sources. Amino acid feeding altered the abundance of their corresponding AADMs as well as the levels of features derived from other amino acids. These data suggest that the accumulation of amino acid-derived features (AADFs) is restricted by availability of their amino acid precursors and that perturbation of amino acid metabolic networks can lead to long distance changes in end-product accumulation. The alignment of annotated AADFs with features from a previous metabolic genome-wide association study (mGWAS) led to the identification of 87,820 and 61,618 metabolite feature-SNP associations (P < 10-4) in leaves and stems, respectively. Genes associated with AADF accumulation, including METHYLTHIOALKYLMALATE SYNTHASE 1 (MAM1) and D-AMINO ACID RACEMASE 1 (DAAR1), were retrieved from this analysis, demonstrating that the integration of isotope labeling and mGWAS can contribute to the identification of genes involved in plant metabolite accumulation.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low Carbon Inducible2/Fatty Acid Desaturase4 locus in C. reinhardtii directs plastid peroxidase location and trans fatty acid production. C. reinhardtii低碳诱导2/脂肪酸去饱和酶4位点指导质体过氧化物酶的定位和反式脂肪酸的产生。

IF 6.9 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf394

Timothy J Nicodemus, Stefan Schmollinger, John E Froehlich, Daniela Strenkert, Barb B Sears, Christoph Benning

{"title":"Low Carbon Inducible2/Fatty Acid Desaturase4 locus in C. reinhardtii directs plastid peroxidase location and trans fatty acid production.","authors":"Timothy J Nicodemus, Stefan Schmollinger, John E Froehlich, Daniela Strenkert, Barb B Sears, Christoph Benning","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf394","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light capture and photosynthetic energy conversion depends on photosynthetic complexes that are embedded within lipid membranes. Components of these complexes are vulnerable to damage by reactive oxygen species, byproducts of photosynthesis that accumulate under environmental stress. Here we explore the basis for a lipid-based sensing mechanism allowing plants or algae to assess and respond to damage to the photosynthetic membranes. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Low Carbon Inducible2 (LCI2) and Fatty Acid Desaturase4 (FAD4) are two proteins derived from the same locus by a differential splicing event, sharing an N-terminus encoded by the first two exons. FAD4 produces a 16-carbon, trans double bond-containing fatty acid found exclusively in phosphatidylglycerol of chloroplast membranes, while LCI2 recruits peroxidase activity to the membrane. The unique organization and transcriptional regulation of the LCI2/FAD4 locus represents a regulatory interface that allows cells to initiate the biosynthesis of a fatty acid unique to the photosynthetic membranes while also linking it to the production of an enzyme involved in the mitigation of reactive oxygen species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low Carbon Inducible2/Fatty Acid Desaturase4 locus in C. reinhardtii directs plastid peroxidase location and trans fatty acid production. C. reinhardtii低碳诱导2/脂肪酸去饱和酶4位点指导质体过氧化物酶的定位和反式脂肪酸的产生。

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf394

Timothy J Nicodemus,Stefan Schmollinger,John E Froehlich,Daniela Strenkert,Barb B Sears,Christoph Benning

{"title":"Low Carbon Inducible2/Fatty Acid Desaturase4 locus in C. reinhardtii directs plastid peroxidase location and trans fatty acid production.","authors":"Timothy J Nicodemus,Stefan Schmollinger,John E Froehlich,Daniela Strenkert,Barb B Sears,Christoph Benning","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf394","url":null,"abstract":"Light capture and photosynthetic energy conversion depends on photosynthetic complexes that are embedded within lipid membranes. Components of these complexes are vulnerable to damage by reactive oxygen species, byproducts of photosynthesis that accumulate under environmental stress. Here we explore the basis for a lipid-based sensing mechanism allowing plants or algae to assess and respond to damage to the photosynthetic membranes. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Low Carbon Inducible2 (LCI2) and Fatty Acid Desaturase4 (FAD4) are two proteins derived from the same locus by a differential splicing event, sharing an N-terminus encoded by the first two exons. FAD4 produces a 16-carbon, trans double bond-containing fatty acid found exclusively in phosphatidylglycerol of chloroplast membranes, while LCI2 recruits peroxidase activity to the membrane. The unique organization and transcriptional regulation of the LCI2/FAD4 locus represents a regulatory interface that allows cells to initiate the biosynthesis of a fatty acid unique to the photosynthetic membranes while also linking it to the production of an enzyme involved in the mitigation of reactive oxygen species.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Function and regulatory mechanism of HvSPX4 in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in barley HvSPX4在大麦中维持磷酸盐稳态的功能及调控机制

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf390

Junhao Zhang, Yichen Zhou, Yunqian Zhang, Huifang Zhao, Qiyu Liang, Yunfeng Xu, Zhiye Gu, Tonghao Huang, Yishan Tu, Lingzhen Ye, Qiufang Shen, Dezhi Wu, Guoping Zhang, Shengguan Cai

{"title":"Function and regulatory mechanism of HvSPX4 in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in barley","authors":"Junhao Zhang, Yichen Zhou, Yunqian Zhang, Huifang Zhao, Qiyu Liang, Yunfeng Xu, Zhiye Gu, Tonghao Huang, Yishan Tu, Lingzhen Ye, Qiufang Shen, Dezhi Wu, Guoping Zhang, Shengguan Cai","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf390","url":null,"abstract":"Low phosphorus (LP) tolerance varies among plant species and genotypes within a species, and the molecular mechanisms underlying P signaling in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) remain unclear. Here, we report the function of HvSPX4, a member of the SPX (SYG1/Pho81/XPR1) subfamily, in maintaining P homeostasis and regulating low P responses in barley. HvSPX4 exhibited lower expression in the LP-tolerant genotype Zaoaibai than the LP-sensitive Salooni2. Knocking out HvSPX4 resulted in growth inhibition due to over-accumulation of P under normal P conditions. Overexpression of HvSPX4 resulted in reduced biomass under both normal and low P conditions and less P uptake, especially in shoots under normal P conditions. HvSPX4 directly interacted with transcription factors Phosphate Starvation Response 1/2/4 (HvPHR1/2/4) to inactivate PSI genes such as Phosphate Transporter 1;6 (HvPHT1;6). An eGWAS analysis of HvSPX4 expression revealed that a 50-bp insertion in the promoter region of HvSPX4 enhances its expression, probably due to the presence of two CAAT boxes in this insertion. Moreover, the absence of the insertion was associated with improved plant growth in a natural population of barley under LP conditions. These findings suggest that fine-tuning the expression of HvSPX4 could be a promising strategy to improve plant adaptation to low P stress.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physio-biochemical regulation of drought resistance in tree species within dryland plantations 旱地人工林树种抗旱性的生理生化调控

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf384

Nana He, Xiaodong Gao, Gaochao Cai, Shuyi Zhou, Pengyan Jiang, Min Yang, Lianhao Zhao, Yaohui Cai, Xining Zhao

{"title":"Physio-biochemical regulation of drought resistance in tree species within dryland plantations","authors":"Nana He, Xiaodong Gao, Gaochao Cai, Shuyi Zhou, Pengyan Jiang, Min Yang, Lianhao Zhao, Yaohui Cai, Xining Zhao","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf384","url":null,"abstract":"Drought-resistance strategies play a crucial role in determining tree resilience and mortality. During drought, stomatal closure limits photosynthesis and triggers the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This process may decrease carbohydrate availability, which is key for antioxidant defense and osmoregulation. However, the mechanisms by which different species coordinate physiological and biochemical responses to drought, particularly for dryland tree plantations, remain poorly understood. To this end, we analyzed gas exchange, leaf water potential, and biochemical variables in apple (Malus pumila Mill.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) during their growing seasons at sub-humid (Changwu) and semi-arid (Mizhi) sites in northwest China. Apple trees exhibited a partially isohydric behavior, which was accompanied by a corresponding increase in net photosynthetic rate (Pn) under combined soil and atmospheric drought (hereafter, compound drought). The synergistic effects of this water-use strategy, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and active osmoregulation collectively contributed to their drought resilience. In contrast, black locust displayed an extremely anisohydric behavior, which did not lead to a significant increase in Pn under severe compound drought. Black locust maintained osmoregulation at the expense of elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating enhanced oxidative stress. This study elucidates how stomatal regulation, osmoregulation, and antioxidant defenses interact in response to compound drought in these two species, offering insights into the mechanisms of drought resistance and potential drivers of mortality in dryland plantations.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional characterization of the plastidial enzyme GPAT in microalgae and its potential role in lipid biosynthesis 微藻质体酶GPAT的功能表征及其在脂质生物合成中的潜在作用

IF 7.4 1区生物学

Plant Physiology Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaf395

Hong Chen, Haiyan Ma, Lihua Yu, Song Zou, Yanhua Li, Yuanchen Lu, Mingkun Yang, Feng Ge, Li Yuan, Xiaoli Zeng, Cheng-Cai Zhang, Kang-sup Yoon, Danxiang Han, Qiang Hu

{"title":"Functional characterization of the plastidial enzyme GPAT in microalgae and its potential role in lipid biosynthesis","authors":"Hong Chen, Haiyan Ma, Lihua Yu, Song Zou, Yanhua Li, Yuanchen Lu, Mingkun Yang, Feng Ge, Li Yuan, Xiaoli Zeng, Cheng-Cai Zhang, Kang-sup Yoon, Danxiang Han, Qiang Hu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf395","url":null,"abstract":"Microalgae are a rich source of high-value natural products. The green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has long been used as a model organism for studying lipid metabolism in photosynthetic organisms. Here, we comprehensively characterized the enzymatic activity and substrate preferences of the plastidial glycerol-3-phosphate:acyl-CoA acyltransferase (GPAT1) from C. reinhardtii. Our results revealed that, in addition to GPAT activity, recombinant GPAT1 is associated with lysophosphatidic acid:acyl-CoA acyltransferase (LPAAT) activity. Notably, the membrane-bound form of GPAT1 displayed distinct acyl donor preferences, favoring both C18:1 and C16:0 substrates in its LPAAT function. Knockdown of GPAT1 resulted in a reduced triacylglycerol content, particularly C16 species, under mixotrophic growth and nitrogen deprivation. Interestingly, GPAT1 knockdown triggered a compensatory upregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum-localized GPAT2, resulting in a significant increase in the content and yield of 1,3-olein-2-palmitin (OPO), an essential functional lipid used in infant formula. These findings provide insights into the function and physiological role of microalgal plastidial GPAT1 and highlight its potential as a biotechnological target for enhancing OPO production in microalgae.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0