Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Divide and survive: PuZFP1 coordinates dual root developmental pathways for drought adaptation in Populus.","authors":"Héctor H Torres-Martínez","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf261","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE2-like protein mediates submergence and drought responses in Physcomitrium patens","authors":"Md Masudul Karim, Mousona Islam, Marcos Takeshi Miyabe, Yuko Ikeda, Mohammed Arif Sadik Polash, Kanata Hirota, Hidetoshi Sakayama, Yoichi Sakata, Daisuke Takezawa","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf293","url":null,"abstract":"ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2) is an Nramp family transmembrane protein recognized as an essential component of ethylene signaling in angiosperms. However, its functions in other plant systems are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that ppein2ab mutants of the moss Physcomitrium patens, in which both EIN2-like genes have been disrupted, do not show a typical ethylene-mediated escape response following submergence. Interestingly, ppein2ab mutants showed reduced sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), a phytohormone that mediates drought stress responses. The ppein2ab plants were sensitive to hyperosmosis and freezing stress and exhibited reduced late embryogenesis abundant protein accumulation. Furthermore, ppein2ab mutants showed reduced activation of both SNF1-related protein kinase2 (SnRK2), the central activator of ABA and osmostress signaling, and the B3-RAF kinase ARK/PpCTR1L, a positive regulator of SnRK2. These results indicate that EIN2 is a dual function signaling component mediating both submergence and drought signaling in bryophytes. The diminished ABA responses in ppein2ab were restored by introduction of Arabidopsis EIN2 and the EIN2 orthologs of the Charophyceaen alga Chara braunii, suggesting functional conservation of EIN2 orthologs in Phragmoplastophyta.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144533073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The susceptibility factor RTP1 negatively regulates Arabidopsis immunity by interacting with the cytochrome P450 protein CYP71B3","authors":"Yushu Wei, Deqian Zong, Yaling Tang, Lehui Kong, Xianxian Gao, Xiaoxue Wang, Yingqi Zhang, Yang Yang, Xiaoyu Qiang, Weixing Shan","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf284","url":null,"abstract":"Oomycetes, particularly Phytophthora species, cause destructive plant diseases that severely threaten sustainable crop production. Due to the loss of genotype-specific disease resistance, it is important to identify and understand immune factors that mediate plant susceptibility. Loss-of-function of the susceptibility factor Resistance To Phytophthora parasitica 1 (RTP1) leads to broad-spectrum disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana(Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.). Through RNA-seq analysis, we determined that CYP71B3, encoding an uncharacterized P450 enzyme, is significantly up-regulated in rtp1 mutant plants infected with P. parasitica. Loss-of-function of CYP71B3 led to abolished pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered oxidative burst and rendered Arabidopsis more susceptible to diverse pathogens, including the oomycete P. parasitica and bacterial Pseudomonas syringae. Conversely, overexpression of CYP71B3 enhanced plant resistance and PAMP-triggered oxidative burst. CYP71B3 localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and was destabilized by interacting with RTP1 via the I-38 residue, which is essential for its immune function and P450 enzyme activity. The expression of CYP71B3 was regulated by transcription factor bZIP60, which is required for rtp1-mediated resistance to P. parasitica. Our studies indicate that RTP1 mediates plant susceptibility by destabilizing the downstream positive immune factor CYP71B3.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144533076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Insights into DNA Recognition by HD-Zip Transcription Factors","authors":"Wan Chen, Wei Yan, Kai Jiang, Hongda Huang","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf292","url":null,"abstract":"Homeodomain–leucine zipper (HD-Zip) genes encode a large family of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) that are integral to plant development, growth, regulation, and responses to environmental and hormonal signals. While the roles and mechanisms of HD-Zip TFs have been extensively studied, the structural basis for their DNA recognition remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed DAP-seq data and identified consensus DNA motifs, 5'-AAT[W]AT-3' and 5'-[N]AAA[N][N]-3', preferentially bound by HD-Zip TFs. Both motifs feature a 5'-AA(T/A)-3' core, which is shared across previously identified HD-Zip target sequences, suggesting a common recognition feature within the HD-Zip family. Focusing on the well-characterized HD-Zip IV TF PROTEIN PRODUCTION FACTOR 2 (PDF2) from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and its interaction with the L1 box DNA sequence, our structural and biochemical analyses revealed that the PDF2 HD-ZA module forms a dimer to specifically recognize the 5'-AATG-3' core through an asymmetric binding mode. In this mode, only the primary recognition helix of one protomer and the N-arm of the other protomer in the PDF2 HD-ZA dimer are involved in specific DNA interactions. Our study offers insights into the molecular mechanisms of HD-Zip TFs and provides a structural template for engineering applications in agricultural research.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-regulated dual-targeting of NUCLEAR CONTROL OF PEP ACTIVITY establishes photomorphogenesis via interorganellar communication","authors":"Jae-Hyung Lee, Thu Minh Doan, Abigail Bruzual, Sandhya Senthilkumar, Chan Yul Yoo","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf289","url":null,"abstract":"Interorganellar communication is essential for maintaining cellular and organellar functions and adapting to dynamic environmental changes in eukaryotic cells. In angiosperms, light initiates photomorphogenesis, a developmental program characterized by chloroplast biogenesis and inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, through photoreceptors such as the red/far-red-sensing phytochromes and their downstream signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms underlying nucleus-chloroplast crosstalk during photomorphogenesis remain elusive. Here, we show that light-regulated dual-targeting of NUCLEAR CONTROL OF PEP ACTIVITY (NCP) mediates bidirectional communication between the nucleus and chloroplasts via alternative promoter selection and retrograde translocation. Light promotes transcription from an upstream canonical transcription start site, producing a long NCP isoform (NCP-L) containing an N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide that directs chloroplast localization. In contrast, darkness or low red-light conditions favor transcription from a downstream alternative start site, producing a shorter cytoplasmic isoform (NCP-S) that is rapidly degraded via the 26S proteasome. This light-regulated alternative transcription initiation depends on PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs), key repressors of photomorphogenesis. Upon chloroplast import, NCP-L is processed into its mature form (NCPm), which promotes assembly and nucleoid localization of the PEP complex to initiate chloroplast biogenesis. Notably, NCP’s nuclear function requires its prior localization to chloroplasts, supporting a model in which NCP mediates chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling. Consistent with this, NCP promotes stromule formation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) hypocotyls, linking chloroplast dynamics to phytochrome-dependent nuclear pathways that restrict hypocotyl elongation. Our findings uncover an interorganellar communication mechanism in which light-dependent alternative promoter usage and retrotranslocation regulate photomorphogenesis, integrating nuclear and plastid signals to coordinate organ-specific developmental programs.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144521175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transcription Factor LpWRKY65 Enhances Embryogenic Capacity through ROS Scavenging during Somatic Embryogenesis of Larch","authors":"Xiaoyi Chen, Luyao Zhang, Chengbi Liu, Rui Wang, Jianfeng Dai, Lisheng Kong, Jinfeng Zhang, Jian Zhao","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf286","url":null,"abstract":"Somatic embryogenesis is a powerful system for studying embryo development and scaling up the production of elite genetic material. Somatic embryogenesis has been well established in Larix principis-rupprechtii, a Chinese larch species dominant in the world’s largest man-made forest. However, genotype-dependent embryogenic variations hinder large-scale forestry, and the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we constructed stage-specific developmental transcriptomes of the somatic embryogenesis process using two lines with contrasting embryogenic capacities. Clustering and co-expression analyses identified LpWRKY65 as a central hub gene highly expressed in early somatic embryogenesis stages and with significantly higher expression in the high-embryogenic-capacity cell line (HEL) compared to the low-embryogenic-capacity cell line (LEL). Overexpressing LpWRKY65 significantly increased somatic embryo yield and quality. DAP-seq and RNA-seq were combined to identify a set of target genes downstream of and responsive to LpWRKY65, particularly including genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. We identified LpHmgB10 as a critical downstream regulator of LpWRKY65. LpWRKY65 directly binds to the W-box in the promoter of LpHmgB10, markedly enhancing its transcriptional activity. ROS profiling further demonstrated that overexpression of LpWRKY65 or LpHmgB10 enhances ROS scavenging and promotes a stable redox environment, which is crucial for improving embryogenic capacity. These findings suggest that LpWRKY65 regulates the cellular redox environment to promote embryogenic differentiation and somatic embryo development, advancing somatic embryogenesis research in conifers.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive model of tomato fruit ripening regulation by the transcription factors NOR-like1, NAC-NOR, and MADS-RIN","authors":"Victor Aprilyanto, Xiaowei Wang, Rufang Wang, Stan Kronenberg, Feitse Bos, Cristian Peña-Ponton, Gerco C Angenent, Ruud A de Maagd","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf291","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit ripening involves climacteric ethylene production, lycopene accumulation, texture softening, and flavour enhancement, a highly coordinated process accompanied by profound gene expression changes. To construct a comprehensive model of ripening regulation, we studied the effects on ripening phenotypes and underlying gene expression changes in combinations of knockout alleles of NON-RIPENING- -like1 (NL1), NON-RIPENING (NAC-NOR, NOR), and RIPENING INHIBITOR (MADS-RIN). Thus, we demonstrated that the products of the putative paralogous transcription factor genes NL1 and NOR together orchestrate ripening initiation and progression through ethylene production. NL1, or the ethylene production that it induces, together with NOR, stimulates the gene expression of transcription factor MADS-RIN, which then becomes the major driver of all ripening processes studied here. NOR and, particularly, NL1 have relatively minor but discernable and clearly different quantitative contributions to the ripening progression after initiation. Thus, the comprehensive model establishes a hierarchy of gene expression events regulating the start and progression of fruit ripening.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144521052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The NLR protein CbAR9 and the hydrolase CbSAHH form a module driving systemic acquired resistance against Colletotrichum in pepper","authors":"Gunhee Lee, Sang Ryeol Park, Yujeong Jeong, Seungmin Son","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf288","url":null,"abstract":"Anthracnose, which is caused by fungal pathogens of the genus Colletotrichum, poses a substantial threat to global pepper (Capsicum spp.) production. However, the principal regulators and signaling pathways that mediate anthracnose resistance remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate the roles of ANTHRACNOSE RESISTANCE 9 (CbAR9) and S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE (CbSAHH) in the methyl salicylate (MeSA) mobile signal activating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in Capsicum baccatum. Phenotypic and molecular analyses showed that the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein CbAR9 enhances both local and systemic defense responses to Colletotrichum species through salicylic acid (SA)-dependent immunity, and it directly interacts with CbSAHH, a key enzyme in the methylation cycle. Knockdown of CbAR9 or CbSAHH significantly impaired SAR to Colletotrichum species. Moreover, the elevation of MeSA content and methylation capacity induced by Colletotrichum capsici in the primary infected leaves were compromised in CbAR9- and CbSAHH-silenced plants. Notably, MeSA treatment in the primary infected leaves restored the diminished SAR to C. capsici in CbAR9- and CbSAHH-silenced plants. These findings show that the CbAR9-CbSAHH module contributes SAR to Colletotrichum species through activating the MeSA mobile signal.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144521053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nhd1–MYB110–MADS15 transcription factor module regulates flowering time in rice","authors":"Yi Jin, Lixiao Deng, Tingting Wang, Zhiyuan Wang, Yuanyuan Jing, Mengke Du, Xuesong Li, Hongye Qu, Wona Ding, Ying Liu, Mian Gu, Shunan Zhang, Guohua Xu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf270","url":null,"abstract":"The precise regulation of flowering time, known as heading date in rice (Oryza sativa L.), is critical for regional adaptation, agricultural productivity, and crop rotation practices. In rice, the florigen activation complex (FAC) and its downstream effectors are well-characterized mediators of the floral transition in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). Here, we characterized OsMYB110 as a SAM-localized transcription factor that promotes flowering, exhibiting functional similarity to the established flowering regulator Nhd1 (N-mediated heading date-1). Through integrated molecular and genetic analyses, we demonstrate that: (1) Nhd1 directly binds to the OsMYB110 promoter to activate its expression, while OsMYB110 in turn binds to and activates the OsMADS15 promoter to control flowering progression, and (2) genetic epistasis places OsMYB110 downstream of Nhd1 but upstream of OsMADS15 in the flowering regulation hierarchy. Furthermore, while elevated phosphate accelerates flowering, this response is abolished in myb110 and mads15 mutants but maintained in nhd1 mutants. These results define a previously unrecognized Nhd1–OsMYB110–OsMADS15 regulatory module that integrates developmental and nutrient signaling pathways to control rice flowering time.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"637 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into Plastocyanin–Cytochrome b6f Formation: The Role of Plastocyanin Phosphorylation","authors":"Yuval Milrad, Daniel Wegemann, Sebastian Kuhlgert, Martin Scholz, Muhammad Younas, André Vidal-Meireles, Michael Hippler","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiaf269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiaf269","url":null,"abstract":"Plastocyanin (PC) is a copper-containing protein that acts as a mobile electron carrier in plants during photosynthesis. In this work, we investigated the role of PC phosphorylation in photosynthetic electron transfer, focusing on interactions with both cytochrome-b6f (Cytb6f) and Photosystem-I (PSI) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. While the binding and electron transfer between PC and PSI are well characterized, the interaction between PC and Cytf remains less clear. Using chemical cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry, we identified two potential binding models for PC and Cytf: “Side-on” and “Head-on”. To evaluate electron transfer, we developed an in vitro system that allowed oxidized PC, formed via light-driven electron transfer at PSI, to re-oxidize Cytf. Our data show that a phosphomimetic variant of PC, where phosphorylated PC S49 residue interacts with PetA-K188, displays faster Cytf oxidation, likely optimizing binding and electron transfer between PC and Cytf. Additionally, PC phosphomimetic variants exhibited slower transfer rates than the wild type, suggesting that phosphorylation also modulates PC’s interaction with PSI. This regulation likely optimizes Cytf oxidation and electron transfer under conditions of low PC availability, such as during high light stress. Overall, PC phosphorylation appears to play a role in fine-tuning electron transfer between PSI, Cytb6f, and PC, thereby ensuring efficient photosynthesis in dynamic environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}