Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"CsSSU I differentially modulates plastidial prenyltransferases linked to coloration and aroma in sweet orange (\u0000 Citrus sinensis\u0000 L.)","authors":"Zhehui Hu,Zhiyuan Wang,Guixiang Chen,Zhipeng Zhao,Huan Wen,Dongxuan Wu,Fang Lu,Kaijie Zhu,Xiaoyu Tian,Jiajing Chen,Xiuxin Deng,Guangkai Bian,Juan Xu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag746","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coloration (carotenoids) and aroma (volatile terpenoids) are major determinants of citrus fruit quality, but their coordinated improvement is challenging because carotenoid and volatile-terpenoid biosynthesis draw on a shared isoprenoid precursor network. Here, we used chimeric fruits of the sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) bud mutant “Zongcheng” to investigate this metabolic coordination. Metabolomic analyses revealed coordinated accumulation of carotenoids and volatile terpenoids in the brown peel sectors. We systematically characterized the sweet orange trans-prenyltransferase (TPT) family and identified CsGGPPS4, CsGGPPS6, and CsGGPPS8 as plastid-localized enzymes catalyze geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) biosynthesis. Comparative transcript profiling, biochemical assays, and in vivo functional analyses revealed distinct functions among these enzymes. Expression profiling and in vivo experiments demonstrated that CsGGPPS6 and CsGGPPS8 promote carotenoid accumulation, whereas CsGGPPS4 exerts only minor effects under the tested conditions. Notably, CsGGPPS6 exhibited substrate-ratio-dependent product specificity, producing predominantly farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) under equimolar substrate conditions but both FPP and GGPP when isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) was enriched; its manipulation in vivo also altered sesquiterpenoids accumulation. CsSSU I directly interacted with CsGGPPS6 and CsGGPPS8 and differentially modulated their catalytic properties: association with CsGGPPS6 favored FPP formation and restricted further elongation to GGPP, whilst association with CsGGPPS8 enabled geranyl diphosphate (GPP) production and enhances GGPP production. Manipulation of CsSSU I in vivo coordinately affected monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and carotenoids accumulation. Collectively, these results establish that CsSSU I acts as a protein-binding modulator that remodels product output of plastid-localized TPT enzymes, and indicate that this regulatory network orchestrates terpenoid-derived pigmentation and aroma traits in citrus.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149150644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome duplication reshapes gene–miRNA regulatory networks underlying improved salt stress tolerance in Medicago sativa","authors":"Danilo Fabrizio Santoro, Carmine Del Regno, Aaron W Anderson, Elisa Cappetta, Marisa Conte, Domenico Carputo, Alfredo Ambrosone, Daniele Rosellini","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag757","url":null,"abstract":"Whole-genome duplication (WGD) is a recurrent feature of plant evolution and crop improvement, yet its direct contribution to abiotic stress tolerance remains difficult to disentangle from hybridization effects. Using full-sibling diploid (2x) and neotetraploid (4x) Medicago sativa genotypes generated through bilateral sexual polyploidization, we investigated how WGD alone reshapes physiological performance and gene–miRNA regulatory networks under salt stress. Neotetraploid plants displayed enhanced tolerance to salinity, maintaining higher chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and shoot integrity, alongside reduced visual damage compared with diploid siblings. Transcriptome profiling revealed that ploidy level, rather than salt treatment per se, was the dominant driver of gene expression variation. Indeed, WGD resulted in extensive and largely constitutive transcriptional reprogramming, with more than 2,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) distinguishing 4x from 2x plants under both control and saline conditions. By contrast, under salt stress, 705 DEGs specifically differentiated tetraploids from diploids and were enriched in receptor-like kinases, phosphorylation pathways, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and WRKY- and MYB-centered regulatory modules. Co-expression network analysis identified salt-associated modules linking signaling and antioxidant pathways with stress-related physiological traits. Small RNA sequencing further showed that WGD reshapes post-transcriptional regulation, with limited salt-induced miRNA changes but the emergence of ploidy-dependent miRNA hubs, including miR2593e and a novel miRNA, targeting signaling and defense-related genes. We hypothesize that WGD establishes a stress-ready regulatory architecture in which coordinated transcriptional and post-transcriptional network rebalancing acts as a buffering system that improves alfalfa physiological performance under salinity, without strong induction of canonical salt-responsive genes.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149152578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gibberellin-mediated PtrLBD39-PtrHDA6-PtrHCT epigenetic path regulates lignin biosynthesis during tension wood formation in Populus trichocarpa.","authors":"Xiufang Dai, Wen Zhang, Huiting Wang, Jiaman Liu, Jinfeng Zhao, Dekai Meng, Yanjie Chen, Rui Zhai, Jinghui Gao, Jing Yu, Xue Gao, Shuang Li, Xingguo Lan, Vincent L Chiang, Chenguang Zhou, Wei Li","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tension wood (TW) is a specialized xylem tissue formed in angiosperm trees to counteract mechanical stresses. Increased phytohormones, particularly gibberellins (GAs), and decreased lignin deposition are two well-established features of TW, yet the molecular mechanisms linking GA signaling to lignin repression remain largely unknown. Here we revealed that TW formation in Populus trichocarpa elevates GA accumulation, which activates the expression of PtrLBD39, the most strongly induced transcription factor and a repressor of lignin biosynthesis in TW development. Inhibition of GA biosynthesis attenuates PtrLBD39 induction and restores lignin deposition in TW development. Consistently, CRISPR PtrLBD39 knockout increased lignin content and endonuclease-deficient Cas9-mediated loci-specific PtrLBD39 activation reduced lignin in TW-forming stems. ChIP-seq analysis and EMSA experiments demonstrated that PtrLBD39 binds directly to the promoters of two monolignol biosynthetic genes, PtrHCT1 and PtrHCT6, via a novel TCACGB motif, thereby repressing their transcription. The PtrLBD39-DNA binding allowed PtrLBD39 to recruit two histone deacetylases, PtrHDA6-A and PtrHDA6-B, from 16 known P. trichocarpa HDACs screened and validated by Y2H, BiFC and in vitro pull-down assays, and the specific recruitments to PtrHCT1 and PtrHCT6 were confirmed during TW development by ChIP-qPCR. PtrLBD39-PtrHDA6-A or PtrLBD39-PtrHDA6-B dimers were functional for deacetylating H3K9ac and H3K14ac on PtrHCT1 and PtrHCT6 leading to transcriptional repression and lignin reduction, as demonstrated in PtrHDA6-A overexpression lines under TW development. Consistently, PtrLBD39 overexpression lines under TW development also affected PtrHCT deacetylation for lignin reduction. Thus, we suggest that mechanical stresses transduce a GA-mediated LBD39-HDA6s-HCTs epigenetic regulatory path for effective causative regulations for TW specialization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct NIR Reflectance Spectra Associated with Foliar Symptoms of Beech Leaf Disease.","authors":"Elisabeth Moore, Leeann C Dabydeen, Reem Salha, Julie Bichler, Kenyon Moore, Aleca M Borsuk","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beech leaf disease (BLD) is an epidemic spreading among American beech (Fagus grandifolia) populations, with characteristic symptoms including dark green, yellow, or brown bands of thickened leaf tissue between secondary veins. Because near infrared (NIR) light is reflected by leaf tissue structure, we used multispectral NIR imaging reflectance to distinguish symptomatic from asymptomatic leaves amongst affected trees, as well as to distinguish between different expressions of symptoms (dark green, yellow, and brown bands) within symptomatic leaves and symptom severity (low, moderate high) at the whole leaf scale. Key findings include significantly higher NIR reflectance in dark green bands of symptomatic tissue compared to asymptomatic tissue amongst affected trees (λ = 840, 860, 900, 940, and 980 nm; ∼26.2%, 25.9%, 35.0%, 35.3%, and 32.5% increase respectively). A partial least squares regression model predicted 97% of variation in symptomatic vs. asymptomatic NIR reflectance was attributed primarily to the increase in spongy mesophyll thickness and overall leaf thickness in symptomatic tissue. Whole leaf symptom severity (asymptomatic, moderate, severe) was most clearly diagnosed at λ = 860 nm. Water infiltration of the intercellular airspaces in symptomatic dark green bands and asymptomatic leaves removed differences in NIR reflectance, supporting a mechanistic link between increased NIR reflectance and the foliar symptoms of BLD. Our results highlight the interaction of leaf internal architecture with NIR wavelengths and inform the development of targeted remote sensing tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium and autophagy connect photorespiratory oxidative signals with salicylic acid-mediated defense","authors":"Yunti Ge,Bo Xu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hierarchically organized ARF–MADS module integrates auxin signaling into floral organ identity networks","authors":"Hsing-Fun Hsu,Wei-Han Hsu,Wei-Ju Hsieh,Ya-Chun Li,Hui-Wen Chang,Han-Wen Kuo,Chang-Hsien Yang","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag750","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Floral organ identity specification and subsequent organ differentiation are generally regarded as distinct developmental processes, yet the mechanisms connecting these programs remain poorly understood. In orchids, the P code explains how higher-order MADS-box complexes specify sepal, petal, and lip identities; however, how these complexes coordinate downstream developmental outputs remains unknown. Here, we identify an ARF–MADS regulatory module that integrates auxin signaling into the orchid floral identity network. Simultaneous silencing of PaARF6/8/19 causes defects in perianth identity establishment, organ growth, pigmentation, and pedicel abscission that closely resemble those resulting from disruption of P-code complexes. Among these ARFs, PaARF6 functions as the predominant regulator, whereas PaARF8 and PaARF19 provide partially redundant contributions. Mechanistically, PaARF proteins physically interact in vivo with the P-code A/E-class MADS-box proteins OAGL6-1, OAGL6-2, PaSEP1, and PaSEP3. Both genetic and biochemical evidence support a hierarchical organization of this module, with PaARF6 and OAGL6 proteins constituting its principal regulatory axis. Furthermore, conserved interactions between Arabidopsis ARFs and SEP proteins, together with petal identity defects in arf mutants, suggest evolutionary conservation of this mechanism. These findings establish the ARF–MADS module as a mechanistic bridge linking floral organ identity specification with differentiation and maturation.","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GmSUT1.4 regulates the balance between seed protein and oil contents in soybean","authors":"Qing Hu,Fengyue Zhao,Zhaoqing Song,Wubin Wang,Dongqing Xu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcription factor EIL1-MYB78 module negatively regulates cold tolerance in Actinidia chinensis.","authors":"Lei Cao, Cheng Zhang, Wangmei Ren, Linyao Liu, Minghao Xiang, Jinliang Sun, Rong Wang, Zhihui Jiang, Na Tang, Xuan Zhang, Yuting Kong, Lihuan Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Pengpeng Zheng","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiag674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kiwifruit has become an important horticultural crop widely planted in temperate and subtropical regions. However, most commercially cultivated kiwifruit, particularly those of Actinidia chinensis, are highly sensitive to cold stress. To overcome this industrial bottleneck, it is crucial to reveal the molecular mechanisms behind cold stress responses, ultimately providing new insights into the breeding of cold-tolerant kiwifruit varieties. Here, we found that EIL1 negatively regulates cold tolerance of A. chinensis by directly binding to the promoters of CBF1 and CBF2 to inhibit their expression. Besides, we found that EIL1 interacted and synergized with MYB78 to negatively regulate cold tolerance in A. chinensis. Further evidence suggested that the interaction between EIL1 and MYB78 enhanced the transcriptional repression activity of both proteins on CBF1 and CBF2. Therefore, we conclude that the EIL1-MYB78 module negatively regulates cold tolerance by directly inhibiting the expression of CBF1 and CBF2 genes in A. chinensis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":"202 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A peach esterase/lipase mediates lipid remodeling as a protective mechanism against chilling injury.","authors":"Mengfei Liu, Xinyue Chen, Wanyi Yang, Shaojie Ai, Lulu Wu, Yanna Shi, Guojian Hu, Kui Lin-Wang, Andrew C Allan, Kunsong Chen, Changjie Xu","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag705","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peach fruit is highly susceptible to chilling injury, which induces internal browning during long-term low-temperature storage. Internal browning was found to occur only at intermediate temperatures (5, 8, and 12 °C), but not at either lower (0 °C) or higher (16 °C) temperatures. Proteomic analysis of peach fruit stored at different temperatures for various durations was performed, and a GDSL esterase/lipase, PpGELP18, a protein with in vitro esterase/lipase activity, was identified. Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) overexpressing PpGELP18 demonstrated enhanced chilling tolerance. Lipidomic analysis of transgenic tobacco (N. tabacum) leaves and peach fruit revealed that PpGELP18 is involved in intracellular lipid remodeling, particularly in the accumulation of membrane phospholipids. Elevated levels of unsaturated phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines, along with a decrease in lysophospholipids and diacylglycerols, were observed in transgenic tobacco (N. tabacum). In contrast, a decrease in phospholipids and an increase in diacylglycerols occurred in peach fruit at chilling-injury-inducing temperatures and during the late storage period at 5 °C, accompanied by internal browning. Ultrastructural examination confirmed that chilling-injury-associated internal browning was accompanied by damage to the plasma membrane and tonoplast. These results demonstrate that elevated PpGELP18 confers chilling tolerance in both peach fruit and tobacco (N. tabacum) plants by modulating lipid composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bxb1 and ParA recombinase-based gene assembly for multiple genes expression in plant cells.","authors":"Xiangxiao Meng, Sifan Wang, Dan Huang, Huihua Wan, Yan Chen, Difa Liu, Shilin Chen, Gim Cheong Tan, Xue Cao, Wei Sun, Weiqiang Chen","doi":"10.1093/plphys/kiag690","DOIUrl":"10.1093/plphys/kiag690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20101,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148983270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}