海洋纳米绿藻的叶黄素循环平衡光保护和光合效率。

IF 6.5 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Tim Michelberger, Eleonora Mezzadrelli, Alessandra Bellan, Giorgio Perin, Tomas Morosinotto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

光合作用反应被不断调节以响应高度动态的环境条件。平衡光合作用和光保护涉及多种机制,在不同的系统发育群体中是不同的。其中一种在光合作用真核生物中广泛存在的机制是叶黄素循环,它涉及类胡萝卜素紫黄质、花青素和玉米黄质之间的可逆的依赖光的转化。在这项研究中,我们研究了黄叶素循环在海洋纳米绿藻中的作用,海洋纳米绿藻是一种具有特别高的黄叶素水平的海水微藻。为此,我们产生并鉴定了参与黄叶素循环的酶水平增加的品系,即紫黄质去环氧化酶(VDE)和玉米黄质环氧化酶(ZEP)。结果表明,VDE和ZEP水平是控制叶黄素循环总体反应速率和动力学的主要因素。随后,叶黄素谱的差异会影响光保护机制的激活,如非光化学猝灭和对活性氧的耐受性。有趣的是,VDE过表达增强了高耐光性,而ZEP水平的增加有助于光暴露后更快的恢复,但在某些条件下也会提高光敏性。此外,光照强烈下调纳米叶绿体ZEP活性。综上所述,这些发现强调了叶黄素循环在调节纳米叶绿体光合作用中的关键作用。这个循环不仅仅是一种对过度照明作出反应的机制,而是一种在不同环境条件下平衡光保护和光利用效率的机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Xanthophyll Cycle balances Photoprotection and Photosynthetic Efficiency in the seawater alga Nannochloropsis oceanica.

Photosynthetic reactions are continuously modulated to respond to highly dynamic environmental conditions. Balancing photosynthesis and photoprotection involves various mechanisms, which differ across phylogenetic groups. One such mechanism that is widespread in photosynthetic eukaryotes is the xanthophyll cycle, which involves the reversible light-dependent conversion between the carotenoids violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin. In this study, we investigated the role of the xanthophyll cycle in Nannochloropsis oceanica, a seawater microalga that possesses peculiarly high xanthophyll levels. To this end, we generated and characterized lines with increased levels of the enzymes involved in the xanthophyll cycle, i.e., violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP). We demonstrated that the level of VDE and ZEP is the main factor controlling the overall reaction rates and dynamics of the xanthophyll cycle. Subsequent differences in the xanthophyll profile affect the activation of photoprotection mechanisms such as non-photochemical quenching and tolerance to reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, VDE overexpression enhances high light tolerance, whereas increased ZEP levels facilitate faster recovery after light exposure but also heighten photosensitivity under certain conditions. In addition, light exposure strongly downregulates ZEP activity in Nannochloropsis. Taken together, these findings underscore the critical role of the xanthophyll cycle in regulating photosynthesis in Nannochloropsis. This cycle is not simply a mechanism that responds to excess illumination, but one that balances photoprotection and light-use efficiency under different environmental conditions.

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来源期刊
Plant Physiology
Plant Physiology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
5.40%
发文量
535
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Plant Physiology® is a distinguished and highly respected journal with a rich history dating back to its establishment in 1926. It stands as a leading international publication in the field of plant biology, covering a comprehensive range of topics from the molecular and structural aspects of plant life to systems biology and ecophysiology. Recognized as the most highly cited journal in plant sciences, Plant Physiology® is a testament to its commitment to excellence and the dissemination of groundbreaking research. As the official publication of the American Society of Plant Biologists, Plant Physiology® upholds rigorous peer-review standards, ensuring that the scientific community receives the highest quality research. The journal releases 12 issues annually, providing a steady stream of new findings and insights to its readership.
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