THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS最新文献

{"title":"THE LABOR MARKET OF POLAND AND UKRAINE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE NEW MIGRATION WAVE","authors":"I. Kravchenko","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2022.45.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2022.45.13","url":null,"abstract":"he new wave of migration caused by the full-scale war in Ukraine has caused massive forced displacement of the population, both within the country and outside its borders. The situation with large-scale external migration is becoming critical and, poses a threat to the national security of Ukraine due to the non-return of a part of migrants in the post-war period: demographic changes due to the rapid reduction of the population of Ukraine, threats to socio-economic development, aging of the population, excess of demand over supply of labor in the labor market, etc. In order to clarify the changes taking place in the labor markets of Poland and Ukraine under the influence of the new migration wave, the role and significance of Ukrainian labor migrants in Poland before the start of the war was analyzed: the volumes, causes, main growth trends and probable consequences of external labor migration were determined; an assessment of the impact of labor migration and transfers on the Ukrainian economy in the pre-war period was carried out. An analysis of the number of Ukrainian forced migrants to European countries, in particular, to Poland, after 02/24/2022 was carried out. The influence of the new wave of migration from Ukraine on the labor markets of Poland and Ukraine is studied. Difficulties and obstacles affecting the employment of Ukrainian migrants in recipient countries are analyzed. Consequences caused by mass labor migration for the economy of Poland and Ukraine are considered. It has been proven that the additional labor force from Ukraine contributes to the rejuvenation of the age structure of the population, supports the economy of Poland and contributes to economic growth. At the same time, it should be noted that for Ukraine, the growing volume of external migration leads to a loss of labor potential, a reduction in consumption within the country, the volume of production of goods and services and, accordingly, an even greater reduction in GDP. It was established that in the conditions of war, a new wave of migration creates a number of challenges for the state and requires the implementation of an effective social and economic policy.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"38 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113970245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN LABOUR RELATIONS: MODERN DETERMINANTS AND PROBLEMS IN EMPLOYMENT BRAND MANAGEMENT","authors":"H. Mishchuk, N. Samoliuk","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2021.42.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2021.42.11","url":null,"abstract":"The current determinants of the assessment of the employer's brand by employees are investigated, taking into account the differences in the values ​​of generations and the importance of socially responsible initiatives of companies in labour relations. There are significant differences in the importance of the components of the employer brand in different countries as well as in the assessments of the generations. European countries are characterized by incomplete compliance of employers' value proposals with the interests of employees. In Ukraine labour market stakeholders’ assessments differ considering many of the value proposals offered by employers in terms of compliance with employees’ priorities. Thus, the dominant values ​​of employment are connected with material incentives, however, the importance of professional development (successful career), the content of work, a comfortable environment is also high. Employment guarantees and financial capability of the company are very important for Ukrainian employees regarding the stable employment prospective. An obvious trend in both the global and domestic labour markets is the change of values ​​in labour relations in the context of different generations. All generations of employees in Ukraine are united only by the dominant importance of material incentives for employment. Regarding other values, there are significant differences that should be taken into account by employers in planning CSR programs and the formation of value propositions. As for the youngest generation, which is actively entering the labour market today (Generation Z), it should be considered that the top 5 of their values includes the possibility of flexible employment.\u0000\u0000It can be concluded that the components of the employer's brand have different assessments by different generations of employees and do not always meet the current value propositions. However, in terms of growing competition in attracting talents, they should be the basis for further development of social responsibility of companies in labour relations in order to strengthen their competitive advantages.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"61 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126768988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIGITAL ECONOMY AND NEW EDUCATIONAL SERVICES FOR HIGH SCHOOL IN UKRAINE","authors":"U. Sadova, Тetiana Stepura, A.I. Lutsyshyn","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2021.43.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2021.43.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the international experience in developing projects of educational and professional programs (EPP) related to the preparation of bachelor's in digital and social economics. The purpose of the article is to study problematic issues and prospects for implementing such programs in Ukraine. Institutional support for the development of EPP projects in the digital socio-economy aspect in Ukraine is considered and systematized. Arguments and their support from stakeholders are analyzed. Today, the structure of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine includes the Ministry of digital transformation of Ukraine (Resolution No. 856 of September 18, 2019,), the Ukrainian parliament adopted the law \"on stimulating the development of the digital economy in Ukraine\" No. 1667-IX of July 15, 2021 (determining the organizational, legal and financial basis for the functioning of the legal regime of \"Diya city\", creating favorable conditions for conducting innovative business, developing digital infrastructure, attracting investment, as well as talented specialists.), posted on the portal of the Ministry of digital development of Ukraine Service \"Diya\", which provides public services online in the field of digital education, business, CAA work, child safety, and the Internet, e-Residency, legal regime for the development of Ukrainian IT companies (Diya-City), European integration, etc. At the same time, in the digital age, in the context of growing competition between universities for applicants, subjects of the educational services market in Ukraine should actively harmonize their educational policy in accordance with the trends of digital transformation of the economy, state, and society.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"81 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116341731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE LABOR SPHERE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTIVES OF USING","authors":"O. Grishnova, N.M. Dupliakina","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2022.45.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2022.45.9","url":null,"abstract":"In the article essence and modern ways of using blockchain technologies are determined. Problems and opportunities, that provide the application of blockchain technologies in the labor sphere are defined. Especially the role of blockchain in processing HR information in order to enhance productivity and credibility is highlighted. On a basis of analysis, it is underlined that the development of technologies and skills in applying blockchain can help both employers, and employees, and buyers of goods and services. The importance of applying this innovative database to companies is defined. The aim of the article is to find ways of solving actual problems in the sphere of labor relationships using blockchain technologies. On a basis of an authorial sociological questionnaire the main problems, that both many HR specialists and potential employees encounter now, the main problems are highlighted. It is identified, how exactly blockchain can help to solve them, and the activities, that can improve the situation with the lack of these specialists in the labor market and the education sphere are determined. In order to meet the need of enterprises in blockchain specialists, the existing courses have to be translated and new ones have to be available online to master this sphere. Furthermore, respective majors at the universities have to be implemented, as this specialization needs universal development. Blockchain can help to solve not only economic but also social problems. The implementation of this technology in educational institutions will help to get rid of academic dishonesty, and, in this connection, bring up considerably more honest people. In fact, in order to do so an underpinning of technological achievements by the administrative and public impact on the offenders of moral norms have to exist. The positive impact of implementing blockchain in the socially-labor sphere and education on the development of human and social capital of the country is proven.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115744805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CHANGING ENTERPRISE BUSINESS MODELS: TRENDS AND PROSPECTS","authors":"O. Pimenova, K.V. Mamii","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2021.43.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2021.43.6","url":null,"abstract":"Different approaches to the interpretation of the concept of \"business model\" are considered. Based on them, the essence of this concept is characterized, namely: the business model is a system that combines many elements that in their relationship determine the necessary directions of the firm, which creates value, financial results and consolidates positions on the market. An example of the formation of such a system based on the Busines Model Canvas by Osterwalder was considered in order to highlight key elements. The main elements are analyzed: Key Partners, Key Activities, Key Resources, Value Propositions, Customer relationships, Channels, Customer Segments, Cost Structure and Revenue Streams. It is determined that a business model of the enterprise is a reflection of the internal environment of the enterprise, but at the same time is strongly influenced by environmental factors. The consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of business in European countries are considered. According to results of the study, it was determined that the greatest impact of the pandemic was reflected on the income of enterprises. Based on the selected key elements of the business model of the enterprise, the impact of the pandemic on each element is analyzed. The main consequences are: the risk of losing partners, reducing the relevance of certain activities, the inexpediency of focusing only on tangible assets, changes in value propositions, loss of customer loyalty, reducing the efficiency of old sales channels and so on. Accordingly, the main trends in business models of enterprises are identified: reorientation of activities, sales channels, customer relationships online, emphasis on the importance of human capital, the introduction of elements of risk management. Thus, the Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the success of enterprises, even in highly developed countries. In an environment of unpredictability, business leaders should pay an attention for creating and improving business models to ensure their sustainability and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEASANT ECONOMIES AND FARMS IN THE MINDS OF THE LAND REFORM IN UKRAINE","authors":"O. Pimenova","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2019.38.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2019.38.10","url":null,"abstract":"The historical analysis of the development of national forms of economy has been carried out. It has been determined that the most economically advantageous for society, vital, rational, socio-ecological-economic forms of economy are peasant economies and farms.\u0000\u0000The methodological basis of the study as to the identification of rational and effective forms of economy are general scientific methods, including methods of historical analysis, generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis, methods of expert evaluation, graphical method. In the course of the research, the methods of historical analysis, generalization, analysis and synthesis were used in carrying out a retrospective analysis, in particular the research of scientific opinion on the effectiveness of such forms of economy as peasants and farms and the impact of land reform on their development; the method of expert evaluation in the survey of peasants and representatives from the administration of Radomyshl region of Zhytomyr oblast to determine their opinion – how the land reform will affect on the development of peasants and farms; graphical method for constructing tables and graphs.\u0000\u0000The study of the world experience in agriculture confirmed that the development of the farm model as a priority model of economy in agriculture is possible only with the active support of a state, as an institution that regulates land use through administrative and economic measures and provides legislation through limitation of purchase of land and the potential withdrawal of this land from agricultural circulation, and also involves the implementation of targeted programs through the financing of individual activity. An important function of state regulation is the conservation of the agricultural land fund. In developed countries, there are some restrictions on the land market to prevent latifundia. It is substantiated that in the course of land reform, the agrarian policy should be focused on preventing the creation of latifundia with large land tenure, as well as on the support, protection and development of peasant economies and farms as viable forms.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130579930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATE FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR RURAL TERRITORIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE","authors":"S. Andros, V.G. Gerasymchuk","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2022.44.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2022.44.7","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the article is due to the need to use in Ukraine the experience of the European Union in the implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), aimed at state support of rural areas. The purpose of the article is an analytical review of the priorities, tasks, schemes and measures of the EU СAP for the organization and implementation of state support for rural areas. The article used survey and analytical research methods, studied EU legislation, on the basis of which state support is provided to rural areas. The following research methods were used as a decision-making tool in the context of the effectiveness of EU CAP measures for state support of rural areas: analysis and synthesis; induction, deduction and analogy; abstraction; generalization; idealization. To formulate recommendations, the European experience of typification of rural areas, the state policy of supporting rural development within the framework of the socio-economic, natural-climatic and environmental aspects is summarized. Attention is focused on the expediency of state financial support for rural areas, given the inability to fully perform the function of providing food to the population. The EU Regulations that determine the procedure for supporting rural areas through the European Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) are analyzed. The CAP system has a special component (Second Pillar) addressed to rural areas. The expediency of singling out among agricultural producers of certain categories of farms worthy of special treatment by society and the state has been established. The trends in the development of rural areas of the EU in the context of reforming the САР are analyzed. The effectiveness of САР measures for state financial support of rural areas has been proved. Directions for using the experience of the EU countries to improve the mechanism for supporting the development of the rural economy at the state and regional levels are proposed: the organization of interdepartmental cooperation, the creation of a network of rural development agencies, the development of agricultural production, taking into account the needs of rural areas.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128823550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INCOME DISPERSION IN POLAND. AN ANALYSIS IN YEARS 2005 – 2018 BASED ON INDIVIDUAL INCOMES OF POLISH GMINA’S (COMMUNES) IN NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 units","authors":"D. Sokołowska-Woźniak, D. Woźniak","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2019.38.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2019.38.2","url":null,"abstract":"Presented paper addresses the issue of income inequalities among regions in Poland. Although the topic is broadly discussed both in scientific literature and public debates, the problem of territorial cohesion still remains important for many scholars and politicians. In the article the main attention is focused on the measuring the wealth and its dispersion which is coherent with the current public data state and enables following the phenomena in all statistical units of NUTS nomenclature and local administrative units (local self-government entities: poviats and gminas). In the calculations presented in the paper gminas’ own resources are taken into consideration as a measure of welfare, then Theil index is employed to identify the dispersion for aggregated date on NUTS 1,2,3 units for post-accession to European Union structures period. Authors used the data delivered by the Central Statistical Office.\u0000\u0000Referring to the goals of the article, conducting of the research enabled to draw two following conclusions.\u0000\u0000Measures of wealth used in the convergence analysis are derived from national/regional accounts statistics. They are mainly depended on the place of creating value (like GDP). On the local/regional level it is recommended to analyze the situation of residents. So, other measures like gminas’ (basic local administration unit) own resources, based on personal and commercial income tax should be at least parallelly taken into consideration.\u0000\u0000An analysis of the convergence process inside the country, carried out for Polish NUTS 1, 2 and 3 administrative units in years 2005-2018, based on gminas’ own resources as a standard of living measure, showed different (opposite) patterns than the results of studies using national/regional accounts measures. Starting from the year 2006 the convergence process (sigma type) is observed in all levels of statistical regions in Poland.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"53 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120914952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEARCH FOR A SOLUTION OF THE CAPACITATED VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM (CVRP)","authors":"M. Golovanenko","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2022.45.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2022.45.10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP), which is a challenging optimization problem faced by logistics companies. The objective of CVRP is to determine the optimal routing of a fleet of vehicles to deliver goods to a set of customers, subject to various constraints such as vehicle capacity and distance. The optimization of CVRP can lead to significant cost savings for logistics companies, which is why it has received a lot of attention from researchers and practitioners. To solve the CVRP, the author has proposed an interface based on Dash components, which allows users to input information necessary for setting up and solving the problem in the format of Microsoft Excel files. The service accommodates both the coordinates of the logistics network points and the matrix of distances between them as input data. The graphical visualization of the routes determined by the optimization package is also provided, making it easy for users to interpret the results. One of the key features of the service is its ability to automatically construct the distance matrix, which can be a time-consuming and error-prone process when done manually. The input data for the network of logistics points can be presented in the form of coordinates, and the service can estimate distances in two ways - the method of distances of Manhattan blocks and the method of Euclidean distances. This flexibility allows users to choose the most appropriate method for their particular use case. The service is hosted on the Google Cloud Platform, which enables users to access and work with it from energy-efficient mobile devices as well as computers. This is particularly important in the context of the energy crisis caused by the aggressor in Ukraine, where energy efficiency is critical. The service's accessibility from energy-efficient devices makes it a valuable tool for users seeking to optimize their operations in the face of energy constraints.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116922008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS MODELS OF ENTERPRISES ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY","authors":"H. Fyliuk, O. Pimenova, S. Pimenov, M. Golovanenko","doi":"10.17721/tppe.2021.42.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/tppe.2021.42.1","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to study the impact of business models of modern enterprises on the environment and society and how this impact has changed in recent decades. Hypothesis. We assumed that the more economically viable the business model of the enterprise, in the absence of control and regulation, the greater damage cause enterprises to the environment and exacerbate social problems, especially in poor countries. Research Methodology – The impact of modern business models of large enterprises on socio-economic environment based on neoclassical approaches of economic theory, as well as the theory of classical school of political economy on the one hand and the concept of sustainable development and the concept of ecological economy on the other hand are analyzed. In addition, the following methods were used in the research process: monographic (analysis of environmental and social consequences of the implementation of existing business models of enterprises); retrospective analysis (analysis of environmental and social consequences in the process of changing business models of enterprises), comparative analysis (identified features of methods of enterprise evaluation, which include the use of integrated method and systematic analysis of information disclosure, as well as CSR activities); empirical (on the assessment of social and environmental consequences of the implementation of business models of large enterprises and the concentration of large tracts of agricultural land in hands of national and transcontinental industrial and commercial companies); abstract-logical (generalization and formulation of main conclusions and proposals based on the results of the study). Findings – In order to increase the objectivity and completeness of information as to the specifics of companies, in particular, in terms of their impact on the environment, society and other stakeholders, we propose to evaluate companies, primarily on the basis of questionnaires and direct interviews and in secondly is on the basis of information from open sources, as well as to compare them with each other, which should be the subject of further scientific research.","PeriodicalId":200033,"journal":{"name":"THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSUES OF ECONOMICS","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121681056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}