Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Age-Related Effects on Cognitive-Locomotor Dual-Task Abilities in Activities Representative of Daily Life Among Young Seniors.","authors":"Anne Deblock-Bellamy, Anouk Lamontagne, Bradford J McFadyen, Marie-Christine Ouellet, Andreanne K Blanchette","doi":"10.1177/00315125251332325","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251332325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study examined whether dual-task (DT) cognitive-locomotor interferences are present among young seniors (55-75 years) simultaneously performing a locomotor and a cognitive task of varying levels of complexity while ambulating in a virtual community environment. <b>Method:</b> To assess DT abilities, participants were asked to walk down a virtual mall corridor while remembering a 5-item shopping list. Two levels of complexity for the locomotor (without vs. with obstacles) and the cognitive task (unmodified vs. modified shopping list) were assessed. After measuring the presence of locomotor and cognitive DT costs (DTC) using one sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, a nonparametric ANOVA was performed to explore the impact of task complexity on DTC. Spearman coefficients were used to examine the impact of age on DTC. <b>Results:</b> Sixteen participants were recruited. Locomotor and cognitive DTC were observed in all DT conditions, except the easiest combination (no obstacle + unmodified shopping list). These DTC were mainly impacted by the complexity of the cognitive task. They were also positively correlated to age. <b>Discussion:</b> The results highlight the importance of real-life scenarios for accurately describing DT abilities for whom locomotor DTC seems to increase with age despite the absence of daily limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1046-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Motivational Music and Video and the Role of Cognitive Style on the Gait Kinematics of Elderly Individuals.","authors":"Vahid HasanPour, Alireza Farsi, Mahin Aghdaei, Jasmin C Hutchinson","doi":"10.1177/00315125251332016","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251332016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, we investigated the impact of motivational music and video on gait parameters in older adults with different cognitive styles. Participants (<i>N</i> = 24; <i>M</i> age = 68.83 years, <i>SD</i> = 2.61) were divided into two cognitive style groups: field-dependent and field-independent, based on a hidden figures test. Participants completed a treadmill walking task under three different conditions (motivational music, motivational video, and no intervention). We measured their step width and step length and their hip, knee, and ankle joint angles at heel strike and toe-off. Results showed a significant positive effect of the music condition on step width and stride length and hip joint angle at heel strike, and ankle joint angle at toe-off. There was a significant effect of group (cognitive style) on step width, the angle of the hip joint and the angle of the knee joint at toe-off; however, there was no significant group by condition interaction for any of the assessed variables. Thus, walking with motivational music improved gait parameters in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1025-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breakfast Skipping: Influencing Factors and its Impact on Cognitive Function and Academic Performance among Malaysian University Students.","authors":"Shi-Hui Cheng, Li Qing Rebecca Yew","doi":"10.1177/00315125251329999","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251329999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breakfast skipping has been linked to impaired brain function and reduced information processing. While previous studies have focused on its association with academic performance among school children, other important factors, such as cognitive aspects, have received limited attention. Breakfast is the most frequently skipped meal among university students, however, its prevalence and the impact on cognitive performance among university students remain unclear. This study aims to determine the prevalence of breakfast skipping, factors associated with breakfast skipping, and the association of breakfast skipping with cognitive function and academic performance among Malaysian university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 298 foundation and undergraduate students were recruited via convenience sampling. A questionnaire was used to determine sociodemographic, anthropometry data and breakfast consumption habits. Cognitive function was assessed using the location learning test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test and Stroop Test. Academic performance was assessed based on the latest examination grades. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of breakfast skipping. The prevalence of breakfast skipping among university students was 67.3%. Factors that were significantly associated with breakfast skipping were faculty, parents' education levels, and living status. Students majoring in Arts and Social Sciences were more likely to skip breakfast (AOR = 2.196, 95% CI = 1.310-3.680, <i>p</i> = .003) while lower odds of breakfast skipping were found among students with parents who had higher education levels (AOR = 0.489, 95% CI = 0.245-0.974, <i>p</i> = .042) and students who lived with their parents at home (AOR = 0.513, 95% CI = 0.305-0.861, <i>p</i> = .012). Breakfast skipping was significantly associated with lower academic performance, poorer memory, lower attention and reaction times in executive function. Breakfast skipping has been identified as an urgent public health issue that demands swift intervention strategies from policy makers and university management to promote healthy breakfast habits among university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"829-850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taekwondo Kyorugi Players' Perceptions of Referees' Judgements: Text-Mining Analysis.","authors":"Yun Ho Kim, Chang-Hwan Choi, Sang-Eun Oh","doi":"10.1177/00315125251334155","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251334155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to explore athletes' perceptions of referees' judgements in taekwondo competitions using text mining analysis. Participants comprised 100 taekwondo athletes taking part in the World Taekwondo Championships. A total of 898 pieces of identified keywords data were collected on the perceptions of refereeing judgments. The stability and reliability of the referees' judgments were also examined quantitatively. SPSS, KrKwic, and Netminer 4.0 were used to process the data, and descriptive statistics, covariance matrix, and centrality analysis were performed. The study revealed that the overall perception of the referees' judgments, including the head referee's gam-jeom declarations and the assistant referee's punch points, centered on \"unfairness\" and \"inconsistency,\" confirming that taekwondo competitors perceived referees' judgments as unfair. In particular, 'gam-jeom_declared' was perceived as unfair, and other situations such as 'punch_points,' 'clinch_position,' and 'video_replay'. The overall fairness confidence level was 37.23%, indicating that the players perceived the referees as unfair. The results of this study can be used as a basis for further research on refereeing fairness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1169-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparisons of Types of Schematic Diagrams and Time of Day of Instruction for Teaching Soccer Tactics.","authors":"Ghazi Rekik","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320682","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251320682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our purpose in this study was to explore how types of schematic diagrams and diurnal timing of instruction of soccer tactics affect physical education undergraduates' learning. We partly randomized student assignments to three schematic conditions: (a) diagrams with simultaneous arrows, (b) diagrams with sequential-transient arrows, or (c) diagrams with sequential-permanent arrows. Each of 45 participants attended a morning session (08h00-09h00) and an afternoon session (16h00-17h00) on two different days. Each session involved oral temperature and mood state measurements, a study phase (in which the participant studied how the play system functioned), and then a recall-reconstruction task. We found that morning sessions were associated with better recall performance than late afternoon sessions, regardless of the schematic diagram format. Moreover, students derived greater benefit from diagrams featuring both sequential-transient and sequential-permanent arrows in both morning and afternoon sessions, with a clear relative advantage for the diagrams with sequential-permanent arrows. During morning sessions, compared to afternoon sessions, participants showed lower oral temperature, lower negative mood, and higher positive mood. We discuss these findings and their implications for the acquisition of tactical information about soccer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"923-943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Components of Executive Function Relate to Taiwanese Sixth Graders' Mathematical Skills?","authors":"I-Hsuan Shen, Chia-Ling Chen","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320423","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251320423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions are crucially important for helping to explain children's mathematical performances. We investigated the relationships between components of executive functions and different aspects of mathematical ability in young school-aged Taiwanese children. In a cross-sectional design, a typically developing group of 122 sixth-grade students completed tests battery of working memory (WM), inhibition, and set-shifting tests, and a measure of achievement competence in mathematical concepts, computation, and applied problems. We found significant associations between general intellectual ability, working memory, inhibition, and set-shifting, and between these abilities and different mathematical skills. Verbal and spatial WM was positively correlated with different mathematical skills, and inhibition and set-shifting were positively correlated with mathematical performance to a lesser extent. We conducted partial correlation analyses to control for participants' age, socioeconomic status, and processing speed, and we then found that verbal and spatial WM was related to the math domains of concepts, computation, and applied problems. Meanwhile, inhibition was correlated with the domain of applied problems. Regression analyses revealed that varied domains of mathematical skills were best predicted by a general intelligence index (GAI) and verbal working memory (WM). Inhibition predicted better performance in applied problems. We discuss the limitations and implications of these findings, as they provide important information about the specific associations between aspects of executive function and components of mathematics performance in middle childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"891-922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptual Acuity Ability Applied for Endurance Runners: The Validity of a <i>Just Noticeable Difference Approach</i>.","authors":"Maressa Priscila Krause, Dayanne Sampaio Antonio, Luke Haile, Cassio de Macedo Salgueirosa, Robert J Robertson","doi":"10.1177/00315125251336269","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251336269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endurance runners need to self-regulate their pace continuously in a race so that the ideal performance can be sustained without fatigue. Hence, we are interested in validating an approach to measure individual perceptual acuity ability using just noticeable differences (JND) in a physical stimulus, and its related psychophysiological demands. Fifteen male runners (<i>M</i> age = 34.27, <i>SD</i> = 6.91 years) first performed a maximal treadmill test to determine the speed of a standard exercise bout for the JND trials. The JND trials consisted of four 5-min running bouts on a treadmill with 5-min rest between bouts. For bouts 1 and 3, participants ran at the standard stimulus (SS) pace, but for bouts 2 and 4, they adjusted their speeds to achieve a level of exertion at a JND above/below the SS. They achieved differences in the final 30 seconds of the VO₂ between each JND bout and the previous SS at just above (JND-A) and just below (JND-B) the JND perceived exertions. We assessed the JND approach validity by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficient of variation (CoV), concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), Bland-Altman and Cohen's <i>d</i> for VO₂ of two standard stimuli within each JND trial. All validity statistical tests indicated a high level of concordance and agreement within both JND at 70%VO_2max and 80%VO_2max (ICC = .896 and .940; CoV 2.77 and 2.05; CCC = .889 and .936; respectively); with low standard error of measurement and of the estimate (1.261 and 1.0105; 1.6932 and 1.3868; respectively) (all <i>p</i> = .05). The data also showed a high level of agreement since the measures are within 95% limits in each JND trial. Our findings established the validity and reproducibly of the JND approach to identify the perceptual acuity ability applied to endurance male runners.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"789-814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Task (Cognitive Plus Sucking) Training for Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Qiaomin Tang, Yuanyuan Sun, Chen Hu, Qiaoni Wang, Jingfen Jin","doi":"10.1177/00315125251323418","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251323418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim in this study was to determine the effect of applying dual-task training of cognitive rehabilitation and sucking activities for stroke patients. We selected 118 stroke patients from the Neurology Department of a class 3, grade A hospital between August 2020 and January 2022; and we randomly assigned them into either a dual-task (DT) training group or a control group. The DT training group received dual-task training of cognition combined with sucking activities based on conventional nursing guidelines; the control group received only conventional neurologic nursing procedures. After a 4-week intervention period, swallowing ability, sucking force, Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) scores, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores improved significantly for patients in both groups (<i>p</i> = .010, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>p</i> < .001). And the incidence of clinical aspiration pneumonia was much lower in the DT training group than in the control group (<i>p</i> = .024). We concluded that short-term dual-task training of cognition combined with sucking activities effectively improved the sucking force, swallowing abilities, SWAL-QOL, and cognition functions of these stroke patients, with important implications for other stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1005-1024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological Assessment in Orienteers: Implications for Sports Performance and Cognitive Health.","authors":"Rodrigo Hohl, Rodrigo Machado de Oliveira, Sávio Soares Gonçalves, Paula Mauad Kaheler Sá, Nádia Shigaeff","doi":"10.1177/00315125251338644","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251338644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orienteering integrates physical (i.e., running) and cognitive (i.e., navigation) demands, making it a dual-task activity with potential neuroplasticity benefits for cognition. Standard neuropsychological assessment may inform athletes and coaches about the cognitive functions to be targeted in brain exercise training for high-performance competition. Moreover, orienteering may improve brain function in those with cognitive impairment in specific domains. This study aimed to identify the predominant cognitive functioning developed in experienced orienteers to inform cognitive training and rehabilitation. Memory, attention, and executive functions (EF) were assessed using a battery of seven neuropsychological tests. The orienteer's neuropsychological profiles (<i>N</i> = 20) were compared with road runners (<i>N</i> = 20) matched for regular physical training to distinguish the cognitive skills developed through dual-task orienteering practice. Cognitive performances were also compared to normative samples using Z-score (CI 95%) analysis. Orienteers demonstrated above-normative levels in four EF tests (mean Z between 0.5-0.7; 0.2-1.2 CI 95%), sustained attention (mean Z: 0.6; 0.2-0.9 CI 95%), and recognition memory (mean Z: 1.09; 0.7-1.5 CI 95%). This approach shows that the above-norm cognitive skills of orienteers may still be improved for high-performance competition. Orienteers outperformed road runners in visual fluency and spatial working memory (Five-Point test (t (2.039), <i>p</i> =.049, <i>d</i> = 0.6) and Corsi Block test (forward [t (2.842), <i>p</i>= (0.046), <i>d</i> = 0.9] and backward [t (2.066), <i>p</i> = .007, <i>d</i> = 0.7]). These findings suggest that orienteering develops specific EF brain networks in healthy individuals which promises to be an efficient practice for cognitive training or rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1188-1213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Basketball Tactics Learning in Physical Education: The Impact of Modality and Video Control.","authors":"Montassar Ben Romdhane, Hajer Mguidich, Houssem Ben Chikha, Hamdi Chtourou, Aïmen Khacharem","doi":"10.1177/00315125251328727","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251328727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Instructional videos are commonly employed in physical education (PE) to boost motor skills and motivation. However, their transient nature often hampers their effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study delves into how video modality and user control affect learning basketball tactics.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>Eighty third-year students (<i>M</i>_<i>age</i> = 16.13 years old, <i>SD</i> = 0.62) take part in this study.</p><p><strong>Research design: </strong>Participants were randomly placed into four groups: \"video + audio without control\", \"video + text without control\", \"video + audio with control\", and \"video + text with control\". After the intervention, students were assessed through recall and transfer tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results highlighted that the students performed significantly better in conditions where they had control over the video. Interestingly, the \"video + text with control\" group outperformed the \"video + audio with control\" group. This outcome suggests a reverse modality effect, challenging the traditional preference for audio over text in instructional videos.</p><p><strong>Conculsion: </strong>These results imply that giving learners control is beneficial, especially for novices dealing with complex dynamic visualizations. However, they also advise caution in choosing the modality, as the effectiveness can vary depending on the nature of the content and the learner's control over it.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"969-987"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}