Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Gender-Based Disparities in Finalist Technical-Tactical Actions: A Study of Amateur and Professional Padel Players.","authors":"Ana Isabel Fernández de Ossó, Rafael Conde-Ripoll, Diego Muñoz, Adrián Escudero-Tena","doi":"10.1177/00315125241303276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125241303276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim in this study was to analyze gender differences across amateur and professional padel players related to the last shot of each rally. We analyzed a total of 180 games per category (professional and amateur), with 90 games for each gender. We performed descriptive and inferential analyses, including the Chi-square (χ2) statistical test, the Cramer's V coefficient (Vc), subsequent Z-tests and corrected standard residuals (CSR). Results revealed that male amateurs produced more winners than female amateurs (CSR = 3.2). Conversely, male professionals exhibited more forced errors (CSR = 3.0) than female professionals, while female professionals committed more unforced errors (CSR = 3.8). In addition, there was a significant relationship between the type of the last shot played and player gender among amateurs, particularly when the last shot resulted in a winner (<i>p</i> < .001) or an unforced error (<i>p</i> = .011). Similarly, among professionals, there was a significant relationship between gender and last shot play when the last shot was a forced error (<i>p</i> = .009). Likewise, there was a relationship between the court zone and gender in amateur padel, when the last shot was an unforced error (<i>p</i> = .002) and among professionals, when the last shot was a winner (<i>p</i> = .001). In conclusion, the type of technical-tactical action, its effectiveness, and the area of the court were influenced by the players' sex in both amateur and professional padel.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":"132 3","pages":"548-566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Quiet Eye and Kinematic Characteristics Based on Expertise in Badminton Backhand Serve.","authors":"Seok-Hyun Song","doi":"10.1177/00315125251346882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251346882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The badminton backhand serve is a fundamental skill that determines the start of a rally, requiring precise timing and stable movement control. In particular, effective visual attention, known as Quiet Eye (QE), is likely to play a crucial role in movement planning and motor control. However, research on QE during the execution of a badminton backhand serve remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to examine the differences in QE based on expertise while analyzing the interaction between QE and upper limb joint movements to understand the underlying mechanisms of the execution of the serve. By doing so, this study seeks to identify the specific visual information involved in badminton backhand serve performance and provide foundational data for performance enhancement. Expert and novice players were instructed to perform backhand short and long serves in both singles and doubles conditions, and QE, wrist joint MEA (Maximum Extension Angular Velocity), and elbow joint MEA were analyzed for each condition. The results showed that skilled players had a longer QE duration than novices, with a particularly longer QE and lower wrist MEA observed in the doubles short serve condition. Additionally, a significant correlation between QE and MEA was found during the execution of the short serve. These findings align with certain aspects of the posture-kinematics hypothesis, particularly in terms of joint-level control. However, further research incorporating direct measures of postural control is required, and there is a need for a more refined analysis of the relationship between visual attention and motor control in badminton serves.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251346882"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Robot-Assisted Therapy on Upper Extremity Functions and Functional Independence in Geriatric Individuals With Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Fatih Tekin, Umut Samsum, Ümmühan Melisa Gündüz","doi":"10.1177/00315125251347790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251347790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AimStroke often leads to impaired motor functions, particularly in upper extremities, making functional recovery essential for quality of life and independence. This study aims to examine effects of robot-assisted therapy on upper extremity functions and activities of daily living in rehabilitation of geriatric patients with chronic stroke.MethodsGeriatric participants who had a stroke at least six months prior were randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving both conventional physiotherapy and robot-assisted therapy (ReoGo end-effector robotic system) or a control group with conventional physiotherapy only. Intervention group participated in 60-min ReoGo sessions along with daily physiotherapy over four weeks. Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment Scale and Functional Independence Measure evaluated motor functions and daily living independence, respectively. Pre- and post-treatment results were statistically analyzed within and between groups.ResultsAmong the 30 participants, those in intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in upper extremity functions and daily living independence compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < .05). While control group exhibited minor improvements, these changes were not statistically significant, underscoring the greater efficacy of combined approach.DiscussionRobot-assisted therapy significantly enhances motor recovery, likely due to its support for neuroplasticity through repetitive, controlled movements. This aligns with existing research, emphasizing benefits of robot-assisted therapy for motor learning and functional gains. ReoGo device also positively affected motivation and engagement, highlighting its potential role in long-term stroke rehabilitation. Overall, robot-assisted therapy may be a promising approach to improve motor recovery and independence in post-stroke patients, enhancing both quality of life and functional independence in daily activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251347790"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Search, Pupillary Response, and Scoring Differences Between Expert and Novice Judges in Artistic Swimming: An Exploratory Study.","authors":"Katia R Ponciano, Maysa P G Leopoldo, Dalton Lustosa Oliveira, Cassio M Meira","doi":"10.1177/00315125251346884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251346884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artistic swimming (AS) choreographies are evaluated by judges who assign scores based on pre-established criteria. Since perception and cognition are key mechanisms involved in scoring AS performances, visual search patterns and pupillary responses may vary according to judges' levels of expertise. This exploratory study aimed to compare visual search behavior, pupil diameter variability, and scoring between expert and novice AS judges during the evaluation of the Straight Ballet Leg and Rio figures. Six expert and seven novice judges wore an eye-tracker while evaluating 2D video projections of these figures. The results indicated that expert judges exhibited shorter fixations away from the athlete's body, made more fixations on the athlete's upper limbs, and fewer fixations on the lower limbs and areas outside the athlete's body. They also showed greater variability in pupil diameter and assigned higher scores compared to novice judges. Regardless of expertise, judges directed more fixations toward the upper limbs when evaluating the Rio figure and more toward the lower limbs when evaluating the Straight Ballet Leg figure. These findings suggest that expert AS judges display distinct patterns of visual attention - focusing on relevant areas (e.g., upper limbs) while disregarding irrelevant ones (e.g., areas outside the body) - along with greater cognitive load and superior scoring performance, indicative of highly automated cognitive processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251346884"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Laser Device for the Assessment of Trunk Position Sense: Normative Data and Concurrent Validation With Verticality Perception Tests in Healthy Individuals.","authors":"Flávia Guirro Zuliani, Leandro Ribeiro Alves, Fabio Somera Junior, Andressa Rastrelo Rezende, Jussara Almeida de Oliveira Baggio, Rodrigo Bazan, Marcos Massao Shimano, Luciane Aparecida Pascucci Sande de Souza, Gustavo José Luvizutto","doi":"10.1177/00315125251346867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251346867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the participants' ability to perceive trunk positions by comparing the trunk position sense (TPS) and subjective vertical test results. The effect of age on the perception of trunk position was also evaluated. Verticality perception was measured in the sitting position using the subjective vertical visual (SVV) bucket test and the subjective vertical postural (SVP) test with an automatic chair in the frontal plane. The repositioning accuracy of the trunk joint perception was measured using the TPS and assessed using a 3D-printed laser point support fixed to the xiphoid process during 30° of trunk lateral flexion in sitting and standing positions. Subsequently, the absolute angular deviation was calculated. The TPS data of the groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. The Bland-Altman test was used to calculate the agreement between the evaluation methods. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the TPS_sitting, TPS_standing, and verticality tests were compared using a receiver operating characteristic curve. A total of 26 young and 26 older adults were included in this study. Older adults had a greater absolute angular deviation in the TPS_standing in the counterclockwise and total directions than the young adults. Agreement was greater between TPS_sitting and TPS_standing with SVV in young and older adults and between TPS_standing and SVP in older adults. TPS_standing has a greater sensitivity for clinical application in older adults. Therefore, the TPS is a viable instrument for assessing active trunk proprioception in young and older adults and has greater agreement with verticality tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251346867"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Lower-Limb Simple and Choice Reaction Time and Spatial Orientation in Junior Basketball Players by Implementing Fitlight Technology in Sports Training.","authors":"Dana Badau, Norbert Steff, Adela Badau, Marius Stoica","doi":"10.1177/00315125251347793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251347793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study aimed to improve the lower limbs' simple and choice reaction times and reactive spatial orientation by practicing an experimental program using Fitlight technology in U14 and U16 junior basketball players. This research integrates three specific tests: the Lower Limb Reaction Test, the Lower Limb Choice Reaction Test, and the Spatial Orientation Reactive Test. These were designed to measure and improve players' reactions to simple, choice, and spatial orientation through visual stimuli. An 18-week training program was implemented between the initial and final evaluation, emphasizing integrating basketball-specific technical and physical exercises using Fitlight technology. The subjects' sample consists of an experimental and control group with identical numbers of participants in both the U14 (18 subjects) and U16 (17 subjects) categories. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. The results indicate significant improvements with <i>p</i> < .05, Cohen's d parameters with very high effect sizes (d > 1), in reaction times and spatial orientation for the experimental groups, highlighting the effectiveness of incorporating modern equipment in the sports training program. Analyzing the results of the experimental groups, we find that the most relevant age for the reactive development of spatial orientation with the help of Fitlight technologies implemented in the training process is U14, while the most relevant age for the reactive time of the lower limbs is U16. The study's results highlight the experimental program's positive impact in improving reactive reaction time in the lower limbs and spatial orientation of junior basketball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251347793"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Quality of Life, Level of Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Body Composition on the Academic Performance of High School Students in an Integrated Educational System.","authors":"Jeann C Gazolla, João B Ferreira-Júnior, Samuel Encarnação, André C Schneider, António M Monteiro, José E Teixeira, Pedro Forte, João P Verbena E Oliveira, Diego A Borba, Carlos M A Costa, Carlos A Vieira","doi":"10.1177/00315125251344404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251344404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Adolescence is a critical period for the development of physical and cognitive health. Understanding how lifestyle and physical health parameters relate to academic performance and quality of life may inform school-based interventions. <b>Purpose:</b> This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between physical activity level (PAL), quality of life (QoL), physical fitness (PF), strength, speed and agility, body composition, and academic performance (AP) in high school students. <b>Research Design:</b> A cross-sectional, correlational study using multiple linear regression models to assess predictive relationships. <b>Study Sample:</b> 365 students (aged 16.93 ± 0.94 years) participated in the study. <b>Data Collection and Analysis:</b> Evaluations included Body Mass Index (BMI); PAL; QoL; PF (handgrip strength, countermovement vertical jump, and agility); and AP. A multiple linear regression was conducted using AP as the dependent variable, with BMI, jump performance, agility, handgrip strength, and PAL scores as predictors. Five additional multiple linear regressions were performed, each with a QoL domain as the dependent variable, and the same set of predictors as in the AP model. Participants' age and sex were included as covariates in all models. <b>Results:</b> Significant predictive capacity was observed for AP (<i>F</i> = 2.22, <i>p</i> = .028, R = 0.31, R² = 0.093) and two QoL domains: physical health (F = 2.32, <i>p</i> = .021, R = 0.28, R² = 0.079) and psychological health (F = 2.32 and <i>p</i> = .021, R = 0.28, R² = 0.079); however, with weak correlation coefficients (0.2 ≤ R <0.4). Only jump performance and age significantly affected the AP model (β = 0.038, <i>p</i> = .014) and the psychological health domain model (β = 0.48, <i>p</i> = .018). <b>Conclusions:</b> The predictors explained 9.3% of the variance in AP and 7.9% of the variance in physical health and psychological health in QoL domains, suggesting that additional factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, dietary habits) may play a role. The findings highlight the importance of multifactorial approaches in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251344404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Touchscreen Interface Design for Home Health Management Products: Effects of Button Size and Position on Elderly Users.","authors":"PoChan Yeh","doi":"10.1177/00315125251345594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251345594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement of technology has driven significant changes in user interface design, shifting from traditional button-based interfaces to touch-based graphical user interfaces. As medical knowledge progresses, there is a growing awareness of the importance of self-health monitoring at home. However, due to age-related physiological and cognitive changes, elderly individuals often encounter challenges when operating touchscreen interfaces. This study explores the effects of button size, display position, and color contrast on the usability of touchscreen interfaces for elderly users. A total of 220 subjects, including 110 young people aged 18-35 years and 110 elderly people aged 65 years and above, were recruited for this study. Each subject was required to perform 16 experiments (4 button sizes × 4 display positions). Results indicated that age significantly affected both operation time and error rates, with younger participants exhibiting faster response times and lower error rates. For young adults, button size influenced operation time but not display position or color contrast. In contrast, elderly users performed best with a 16 mm button size and when buttons were positioned at the upper or right side of the display. These findings highlight the importance of designing touchscreen interfaces tailored to the physiological and cognitive limitations of elderly users. Future research should explore adaptive interface designs that dynamically adjust button sizes and layouts to optimize usability across different subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251345594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Human Frequency-Following Responses Using an Artificial Neural Network.","authors":"Fuh-Cherng Jeng, Amanda E Carriero, Sydney W Bauer","doi":"10.1177/00315125251347006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251347006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frequency-following responses (FFRs) are neural signals that reflect the brain's encoding of acoustic characteristics, such as speech intonation. While traditional machine learning models have been used to classify FFRs elicited under various conditions, the potential of deep learning models in FFR research remains underexplored. This study investigated the efficacy of a three-layer artificial neural network (ANN) in detecting the presence or absence of FFRs elicited by a rising intonation of the English vowel /i/. The ANN was trained and tested on FFR recordings, using F0 estimates derived from the spectral domain as input data. Model performance was evaluated by systematically varying the number of inputs, hidden neurons, and the number of sweeps included in the recordings. The prediction accuracy of the ANN was significantly influenced by the number of inputs, hidden neurons, and sweeps. Optimal configurations included 6-8 inputs and 4-6 hidden neurons, achieving a prediction accuracy of approximately 84% when the signal-to-noise ratio was enhanced by including 100 or more sweeps. These results provide a foundation for future applications in auditory processing assessments and clinical diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251347006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning and Transfer of Dynamic Stability in Manual Coordination Modes in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Compared to Typically Developing Children.","authors":"Hasan Sepehri Bonab, Malek Ahmadi","doi":"10.1177/00315125251343154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251343154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) experience significant deficits in motor control. Understanding the mechanisms associated with the stability of coordination patterns and their transfer, particularly in the context of interlimb coordination and intertask transfer, can provide valuable insights into addressing their motor challenges. <b>Purpose:</b> The present study employed a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest measures, including retention and transfer sessions. <b>Research Design:</b> A total of 36 boys, aged 7-12 years, diagnosed with DCD according to the DSM-5 criteria, and 36 typically developing children, matched for IQ and chronological age, were selected through purposive sampling. Each child was randomly assigned to one of three practice conditions: unimanual, bimanual, or dyadic. In the pretest, participants completed five trials in unimanual, bimanual, and dyadic execution modes across all groups. During the acquisition, they performed five blocks of practice, each consisting of 10 trials. After 24 hours, one block of five trials was conducted to assess retention, and two blocks of five trials each were used to evaluate transfer across different practice conditions. <b>Data Collection:</b> Manual coordination was assessed using rotary pursuit task software, measuring variables such as continuous relative phase (CRP), total time on target (TOT), continuous time on target (CTT), distance from target (DT), and distance from path (DP). <b>Results:</b> Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences between the groups in TOT, CTT, and DT during retention (<i>p</i> < .05), indicating challenges in maintenance of retention in children with DCD. For CRP, there was no significant difference between the two groups (<i>p</i> > .05). In the transfer of coordination stability, significant differences were observed when transferring from dyadic and bimanual training to unimanual execution in DP, CTT, and TOT (<i>p</i> < .05) and from unimanual and dyadic training to bimanual execution in TOT and CTT (<i>p</i> < .05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Overall, children with DCD are capable of executing and learning motor coordination patterns and even transferring acquired skills to new conditions. However, they face greater challenges compared to typically developing children. These difficulties are likely due to the performer constraints, which may be alleviated with increased training and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251343154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}