Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Physical Activity, Academic Self-Efficacy, and Depression Among Ninth-Grade Students in Shanghai.","authors":"Dan Bai, Asha Hasnimy Mohd Hashim","doi":"10.1177/00315125251337854","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251337854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our main objective of this study was to identify the relationship between different intensity levels of physical activity (PA), academic self-efficacy (ASE), and depression among 9th-grade students in Shanghai junior high schools. We used quantitative questionnaires to collect and analyze data from 407 junior high school students, and we used Structural Equation Modelling Partial Least Square (SEM- PLS) version 4.0 to analyze the data and examine the relationships between light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), ASE, and depression. The results revealed that only VPA had a positive relationship with ASE and a negative relationship with depression, while ASE was negatively related to depression and mediated the relationship between VPA and depression. These findings helped to develop an assumptive framework for understanding the interaction between Shanghai junior high school students' PA, ASE, and depression; thereby, contributing valuable knowledge to the field of educational psychology and public health. These data also provide targeted insights for educators, policymakers, and parents in Shanghai and may be beneficial to planning interventions and policies aimed at enhancing student well-being and academic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1087-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Emotional and Cognitive Changes on Aesthetic Evaluation of Poetry Based on Subjective and Physiological Continuous Responses with Pupil Diameter Measurements.","authors":"Jimpei Hitsuwari, Michio Nomura","doi":"10.1177/00315125251330926","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251330926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haiku poetry, a short poem with a clear form, has the potential to elucidate many unknown aspects of linguistic art. Previous studies on haiku appreciation have shown that negative emotion and cognitive ambiguity reduce aesthetic evaluation. Considering the importance of negative emotions and ambiguity in art, it is beneficial to clarify the process of emotional and cognitive changes during aesthetic evaluation. This study examined the temporal effects of emotional and cognitive changes on aesthetic evaluation from multiple perspectives by measuring the ratings of each section of haiku, continuous emotional reports, and physiological changes in pupil diameter. The 112 students first rated the haiku at three time points on items such as beauty, valence, and ambiguity. Next, they rated the same haiku continuously for 20 seconds using a joystick for valence and arousal during which the pupil diameter was measured. The results showed that a decrease in negative emotions and ambiguity explained the beauty of the haiku. In the continuous emotion reports, positive emotions gradually increased for positive haiku and negative emotions gradually increased for negative haiku, while arousal decreased once and then gradually increased for both forms of haiku. Additionally, an increase in pupil diameter also explained the beauty. The roles of negative emotions and ambiguity were revealed by focusing on both subjective and physiological indicators of emotional and cognitive changes during haiku appreciation. This study has contributed to the advancement of our understanding of linguistic art forms by empirically exploring conscious and unconscious emotional and cognitive responses to haiku.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"851-875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Spinal Curvature and Mobility and Balance Abilities in Young Soccer Players.","authors":"Zuhal Abasiyanik, Melissa Kopruluoglu, Sevtap Gunay Ucurum, Turhan Kahraman, Merve Kurt, Merve Keskin, Derya Ozer Kaya","doi":"10.1177/00315125251338539","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251338539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the relationship between balance, spinal curvature, and mobility in young soccer players is important for optimizing performance and preventing injuries. The aim was to examine the association between balance abilities and spinal curvature and mobility in young soccer players. Forty-two male elite soccer players (mean age: 16.38 ± 1.10 years, mean Body Mass Index: 20.80 ± 1.34 kg/m², years of experience: 6.4 ± 1.6) were enrolled. Balance assessments were performed using Computerized Posturography (ProKin 252, Tecnobody, Dalmine, Italy). Static balance assessments were performed in a unipedal and bipedal stance either with the eyes open or closed. Limits of Stability (LOS) were tested to measure dynamic balance. Spinal curvature, inclination, and mobility were assessed using HocomaValedo® Shape (Idiag, Fehraltorf, Switzerland). There was a significant correlation between thoracic kyphosis angle and LOS and bipedal static balance (r = -0.333, r = 0.323; <i>p</i> < .05, respectively). Furthermore, significant moderate correlations were observed between lumbar and thoracic mobility measurements and LOS and static balance parameters on unipedal stance (r = 0.355 to 0.482, <i>p</i> < .05). No correlation was found between spinal curvature and spinal mobility, and other balance parameters (<i>p</i> > .05). There is a significant association between spinal curvatures, spinal mobility, and balance abilities in young soccer players. Sports professionals should consider this relationship as it may reflect the response of the postural control system to altered spinal curvature and mobility in young soccer players within the maturation period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"988-1004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Mental Fatigue Affect Physical Performance in Wheelchair Basketball Players? An Individualized Cognitive Load Approach.","authors":"Carlos Mariano Aguiar Ferreira da Silva, Eduardo Macedo Penna, Thatiane da Silva Coelho, Carlos Aguiar Ferreira da Silva Neto, Marco Túlio de Mello, Alex Harley Crisp, Victor Silveira Coswig, Andressa Silva, Anselmo de Athayde Costa E Silva","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320422","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251320422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The negative effects of mental fatigue on physical performance have been well established in different sports that require aerobic endurance, but, in this study, we investigated the impact of mental fatigue on the physical performance of paralympic (wheelchair basketball) athletes. Eleven participants completed a baseline and two experimental sessions, each separated by 24 hours. The baseline session familiarized participants with the measurements. During each experimental session, athletes performed a version of the Yo-Yo intermittent 10-m test under one of two conditions: (a) after watching a documentary for 30 minutes (control), and (b) after high cognitive effort, induced by the Stroop test. Rating of perceived effort (RPE) was measured during both conditions after cognitive and physical effort. We used estimation statistics, paired Hedge's <i>g</i> for repeated measures with 95% bootstrap confidence intervals (CI) to compare conditions. Results showed that high cognitive effort significantly reduced performance in distance covered (control <i>M</i> = 1169, <i>SD</i> = 429 m; high cognitive effort <i>M</i> = 924, <i>SD</i> = 399 m), with a moderate effect size (Hedge's <i>g</i> = -0.54 [95% CI -1.06; -1.16]), indicating a moderately negative mental fatigue impact on intermittent endurance performance. Test duration decreased (control <i>M</i> = 18, <i>SD</i> = 6.89 min; high cognitive effort <i>M</i> = 14, <i>SD</i> = 6.49 min), also with a moderate effect size (Hedge's <i>g</i> = -0.54 [95% CI -1.06; -1.17]). Furthermore, RPE increased under high cognitive effort (control <i>M</i> = 15, <i>SD</i> = 0.9; high cognitive effort <i>M =</i> 17, <i>SD</i> = 1.4), with a large effect size (Hedge's <i>g</i> = 1.59 [95% CI 0.87; 2.31]), suggesting considerably increased perceived exertion. Thus, the evidence obtained suggests that mental fatigue impairs physical performance and increases perceived effort among wheelchair athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"1108-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visually-Perceived Momentum in Biological Motion: The Influence of Changes in Running Velocity.","authors":"Shinji Yamamoto, Masanobu Araki","doi":"10.1177/00315125251331245","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00315125251331245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to elucidate the characteristics of visually perceived momentum of others' motions. Twenty participants watched and compared two consecutive point-light running motions: one at a fixed velocity of 8.0 km/h and the other at one of seven velocities (5.6, 6.4, 7.2, 8.0, 8.8, 9.6, and 10.4 km/h). They then evaluated which had greater momentum, or if they were the same. The results indicated that as the velocity deviated from the standard velocity of 8.0 km/h, the correct rates increased; in particular, the correct rate at 5.6 km/h, which differed the most from the standard velocity, was the greatest (<i>p</i> < .001). Additionally, the mean response times at 5.6 and 6.4 km/h, which were relatively smaller than the standard velocity, were significantly lower (both <i>p</i> < .05). This study indicates that humans can accurately perceive the momentum of others' motions, consistent with previous studies demonstrating an accurate perception of the physical and mechanical properties of human-like motion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"876-890"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Electronic Sports on the Cognitive Skills of Attention, Working Memory, and Cognitive Flexibility.","authors":"Maryam Imanian, Amin Khatibi, Caio Victor Sousa, Sedighe Heydarinejad, Esmaeil Veisia, Esmaeel Saemi","doi":"10.1177/00315125251381007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251381007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing popularity of electronic sports (esports) prompted the authors of this paper to examine their effects on cognitive skills, specifically attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility among gamers. A total of 40 undergraduate physical education students with no prior experience in esports participated in this study. The students were randomly assigned to two groups: Single Players and Co-Players. Both groups played the esports game FIFA in either single-player or co-player mode over a period of eight weeks. Attention was assessed using the Stroop task, working memory was measured through the N-back task, and cognitive flexibility was evaluated with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. In addition, a paired-sample t-test was used to assess changes within each group, while differences between the two groups were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA. The results indicated that FIFA can improved attention and working memory in both the single-player and co-player groups. However, improvements in cognitive flexibility were observed only in the co-player group. These findings suggest that esports can enhance several cognitive skills, including attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, and that such activities may be applied to diverse objectives such as learning and instruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251381007"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Gestational Trimester Influence Walking Parameters in Pregnant Women During a Dual-Task Activity?","authors":"Stéfanie Defaveri Ciotta, Raquel Saccani, Guilherme Auler Brodt, José Mauro Madi, Leandro Viçosa Bonetti","doi":"10.1177/00315125251381865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251381865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the potential influences of different gestational periods on the spatiotemporal parameters of the gait and cognitive performance during a dual-task (DT) activity. This study included the gestational group (GG) comprised 20 pregnant women (mean age of 30.48 years) and the control group (CG) consisted of 20 healthy, non-pregnant women (mean age of 28.30 years). The GG was evaluated during the second trimester (mean gestational age of 23.15 weeks) and again in the third trimester (mean gestational age of 35.95 weeks), whereas the CG was assessed at a single time point. Participants performed a verbal fluency cognitive task followed by a gait assessment. Subsequently, participants completed a DT activity, which involved performing the gait task simultaneously with the verbal fluency cognitive task. To assess differences in spatiotemporal gait and cognitive variables between groups, regardless of the type of task performed, a two-factor ANOVA (group and task) was used. Significant differences were observed only in cadence (Sig = 0.024; η² = 0.127, medium effect size) and cognitive performance (Sig = 0.001; η² = 0.583, large effect size), both of which were negatively affected under DT conditions, regardless of the gestational trimester. However, different gestational trimesters did not significantly affect spatiotemporal gait or cognitive parameters during DT activities. The addition of a verbal fluency task to gait did not markedly affect most of the analyzed spatiotemporal parameters, suggesting that pregnant women, are capable of performing DT gait activities effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251381865"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Cognitive Function in Adults with ADHD and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome.","authors":"Leila Kamran, Seyed Mousa Golestaneh","doi":"10.1177/00315125251370101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251370101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. A substantial proportion of individuals with ADHD also exhibit symptoms of Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS), which may further impair executive functions.PurposeThis study aimed to examine the prevalence of comorbid ADHD and CDS (ADHD+) among adults in Bushehr, Iran, and to compare executive functioning between students with ADHD+ and healthy controls. Gender-based prevalence patterns were also explored.MethodsA total of 690 university students were screened using the Barkley Adult ADHD Rating Scale-IV (BAARS-IV). ADHD and CDS diagnoses were confirmed via structured clinical interviews. From this sample, 43 adults with comorbid ADHD+CDS and 53 matched healthy controls completed three standardized executive function tasks: the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and Tower of London Test (TOL).ResultsThe prevalence of comorbid ADHD and CDS (ADHD+) was 25.15% across the total sample (N = 690), whereas 41.3% of those diagnosed with ADHD also met criteria for CDS; however MANOVA revealed significant group differences across ADHD symptom domains based on CDS comorbidity (Wilk's λ = .48, F = 184.21, p < .001, η² = .52). Significant effects were observed for attentional problems (F = 103.12, p < .001, η² = .13), overall ADHD symptoms (F = 65.26, p < .001, η² = .09), and combined ADHD + scores (F = 259.43, p < .001, η² = .27). Smaller effects were found for hyperactivity and impulsivity (η² = .01).ConclusionsStudents with ADHD and comorbid CDS exhibit specific cognitive deficits, particularly in planning and attentional control, that should be considered in designing cognitive rehabilitation programs. These findings may inform culturally appropriate intervention strategies in Iran, such as cognitive rehabilitation programs targeting attentional control and planning deficits among university students with ADHD+CDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251370101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Assessment of Trunk Control in Ambulant Individuals With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.","authors":"Cristhina Bonilha Huster Siegle, Flaviana Kelly de Lima Maciel, Cristina Dos Santos Cardoso de Sá","doi":"10.1177/00315125251380984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251380984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AimTo evaluate the evolution of trunk control in individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) over a period of 12 months.MethodsLongitudinal study involving individuals with DMD categorized from Vignos (staging scale with a grade of 1 to 10 for clinical progression of the disease, with 1 to 6 individuals who can walk and 7 to 10 individuals who use wheelchairs) 1 to 6. Initial assessments were conducted, followed by assessments after 6 and 12 months. The Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control was used.ResultsThe sample consisted of 18 individuals, with 2 dropouts by the third assessment. Initially, 38% of individuals were in Vignos 2; 33% in Vignos 3; 12% in Vignos 4; 12% in Vignos 5; and 5% in Vignos 6. There was notable heterogeneity in trunk control levels concerning disease staging, with individuals showing the same Vignos but different trunk control levels, or different Vignos with similar trunk control. The median trunk control level according to the scale used ranged from 7 (complete trunk control) to 5 (upper lumbar trunk control) during the study period. A significant decline in trunk control was observed both at the 6-month and 12-month assessments.ConclusionThe decline in trunk control in individuals with DMD begins even during their ambulant phase. The 6-month interval between assessments indicates a noticeable deterioration in this control. Therefore, assessments every 6 months are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251380984"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ergonomic Solutions for Referee Mistakes: A Visual Assessment of the Environment in Boxing Competitions.","authors":"Merve Uca, Ednan Ayvaz, Zafer Yıldız","doi":"10.1177/00315125251379145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251379145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This study examines whether transparent boxing ring ropes increase referees' visual access and improve scoring accuracy and consistency. <b>Purpose:</b> In total, 25 certified international referees, (20 scoring judges and 5 supervisory officials) who were judging matches between the same athletes in both traditional and transparent roped rings, participated in the study. <b>Research Design:</b> Scoring was conducted according to five predefined zones (A-E) of the boxing ring using a counterbalanced experimental design. <b>Study Sample:</b> A one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant scoring discrepancy in Zone D under the traditional-rope condition (F(5, 90) = 2.442, <i>p</i> = .040). Dunnett's post-hoc test showed that one referee's scores significantly diverged from the video-based reference scores established via multi-angle review (<i>p</i> = 0.007), while no such discrepancies were observed in the transparent rope setting. <b>Data Collection and/or Analysis:</b> Independent samples t-tests indicated that there were significantly higher, more consistent scores across all zones when transparent ropes were used (all <i>p</i> < .05; Cohen's d = 0.36-0.50). <b>Results:</b> On average, referees awarded between 1.2 and 1.5 more points per scoring zone when using transparent ropes compared to traditional ropes, indicating a meaningful practical improvement. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results suggest that by increasing visual access, transparent boxing ring ropes reduce scoring inconsistency and increase decision accuracy. Transparent boxing ring ropes may represent a cost-effective and easily implemented design innovation to improve the quality of boxing refereeing. Future studies should evaluate the long-term effects of transparent boxing ring ropes and include referees with varying levels of experience in real-time competition environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251379145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145070167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}