Perceptual and Motor Skills最新文献

{"title":"Home Sweet Court? Examining Disparities in Individual Performance Between All-NBA and Non-All-NBA Players: Home Versus Away Games Comparison Across 23 Seasons (1997-2023).","authors":"Enrique Alonso-Pérez-Chao, Adrian Martin-Castellanos, Julio Calleja-González, Ruben Portes, Sergio L Jiménez-Sáiz","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we assessed players' technical and tactical performance, based on home or away venues and examined whether these differences varied between All-NBA and Non-All-NBA players. We analyzed data from 23 NBA seasons (1997-1998 to 2022-2023), excluding seasons impacted by lockouts and pandemic restrictions. The dataset, sourced from open-access NBA records, included 243,067 games and variables such as points per game, rebounds (offensive and defensive), shooting percentages (2-points %, 3-points %, free-throw %), assists, steals, blocks, turnovers, personal fouls, and efficiency, normalized per 48 minutes of play. We found significant differences based on venue and player tier. Points per game were higher at home (<i>p</i> < .001) and for All-NBA players (<i>p</i> < .001), with a strong interaction effect showing that All-NBA players performed best at home. Free throw and 2P % were also higher at home and for All-NBA players (both <i>p</i> < .001). Efficiency, assists, and rebounds were higher at home and for All-NBA players, with interaction effects showing that All-NBA players at home excelled over other conditions (all <i>p</i> < .001). Turnovers were higher for All-NBA players at home (<i>p</i> < .001), while steals were lower for Non-All-NBA players in away games. Blocks were highest at home, with Home All-NBA players leading (<i>p</i> < .001). Personal fouls were higher in away games and for Non-All-NBA players (<i>p</i> < .001). We concluded that both venue and player tier were significantly associated with better performance, with home games offering a distinct advantage and All-NBA players showing superior performance to Non-All-NBA Players across most metrics. Practical applications include optimizing recovery and travel schedules to manage away-game challenges, leveraging home-court advantages, and tailoring strategies to maximize elite player performance in different environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Discomfort is Decreased After Repeated Bouts of Isometric Handgrip Exercise With and Without Blood Flow Restriction.","authors":"Robert W Spitz, Vickie Wong, Yujiro Yamada, Ryo Kataoka, Jun Seob Song, William B Hammert, Anna Kang, Aldo Seffrin, Zachary W Bell, Jeremy P Loenneke","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blood flow restricted exercise appears to be more discomforting than the same exercise without blood flow restriction. Changes in discomfort have not been investigated following repeated bouts of isometric exercise. It is possible that the isometric contractions may further trap metabolites resulting in greater discomfort. The purpose was to investigate the effects of six weeks of isometric handgrip exercise on perceived discomfort and willingness to continue with that form of exercise. 135 participants trained three times a week for six-weeks. The training consisted of four sets of 2-min low-intensity contractions (at 30% of their maximal voluntary contraction) with blood flow restriction (LI + BFR) and without blood flow restriction (LI). The maximal contraction group performed four, five second maximal contractions (MAX). Discomfort was measured post-exercise on the first, ninth, and last training session using the CR10+ scale. Changes in discomfort from the 1^st to the 18^th session were greater in the LI [-1.7 (1.7) AU] (BF₁₀ = 6952.769) and LI + BFR [-1.5 (1.9) AU] (BF₁₀ = 404.996) when compared to MAX group [0.04 (1.5) AU]. There was no difference between LI and LI + BFR (BF₁₀ = 0.241). Although there were differences in discomfort, there was no difference in the desire to continue the same exercise amongst groups (BF₁₀ = 0.208). Discomfort decreased more in both low intensity groups compared to the MAX group. Despite greater decreases in discomfort there was no difference in willingness to continue with the same form of exercise. This suggests other factors besides discomfort may influence an individual's willingness to continue with the same type of exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Components of Executive Function Relate to Taiwanese Sixth Graders' Mathematical Skills?","authors":"I-Hsuan Shen, Chia-Ling Chen","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Executive functions are crucially important for helping to explain children's mathematical performances. We investigated the relationships between components of executive functions and different aspects of mathematical ability in young school-aged Taiwanese children. In a cross-sectional design, a typically developing group of 122 sixth-grade students completed tests battery of working memory (WM), inhibition, and set-shifting tests, and a measure of achievement competence in mathematical concepts, computation, and applied problems. We found significant associations between general intellectual ability, working memory, inhibition, and set-shifting, and between these abilities and different mathematical skills. Verbal and spatial WM was positively correlated with different mathematical skills, and inhibition and set-shifting were positively correlated with mathematical performance to a lesser extent. We conducted partial correlation analyses to control for participants' age, socioeconomic status, and processing speed, and we then found that verbal and spatial WM was related to the math domains of concepts, computation, and applied problems. Meanwhile, inhibition was correlated with the domain of applied problems. Regression analyses revealed that varied domains of mathematical skills were best predicted by a general intelligence index (GAI) and verbal working memory (WM). Inhibition predicted better performance in applied problems. We discuss the limitations and implications of these findings, as they provide important information about the specific associations between aspects of executive function and components of mathematics performance in middle childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preservation of Temporal Organisation of Tennis Service Following Ageing in Recreational Players.","authors":"Mohsen Shafizadeh, Hazun Hizan, Keith Davids","doi":"10.1177/00315125251324419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251324419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Ageing leads to functional changes in body systems. <b>Purpose:</b> This study sought to examine the age-based differences in temporal patterning, temporal variability and temporal regularity of tennis service in older adults. <b>Research design:</b> cross-sectional study. <b>Study sample:</b> Participants of this study were volunteers from young (<i>n</i> = 10) and older (<i>n</i> = 11) adults who were self-defined as non-competitive, participating in tennis at a recreational (sub-elite) level for 2-3 days per week regularly. <b>Data collection:</b> They were asked to perform 20 trials of the same serves (flat, slice or top-spin) on a regular size court. The timing (duration) of the serve action was recorded and analysed, using a high-speed digital camera. Participants performed the tennis serves during their routine training sessions on a tennis court. They undertook a structured general (10min) and a specific warm-up routine (10min) before performing services. There was a 30-second rest period between trials. <b>Results:</b> Findings showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in temporal patterning, whereas the younger group performed the serves with higher variability and regularity/consistency than the older adults in some phases of the action. <b>Conclusion:</b> Older adults who participate recreationally in sports are able to preserve some functional organisation of perceptual-motor capacities, such as timing, due to long-term practice effects. The findings illustrate how sport participation may help maintain functional movement organisation following ageing to mitigate age-related declines in perception and action in late adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251324419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Telerehabilitation-Based Core and Scapular Stabilization Training in Young Adults With Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Hatice Ayan, Bilge Kara, R Serhat Erbayraktar","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although chronic neck pain (CNP) is associated with impairments in balance, the effects of muscle stabilization training are unknown. In this study, we compared the effects of core stabilization (CS) and scapular stabilization (SS) training via telerehabilitation on balance, functionality, pain, and depression in young adults with CNP. In this two-armed, randomized controlled study, we assigned 41 participants with CNP to either a CS (<i>n</i> = 21) or SS (<i>n</i> = 20) group. Both groups underwent stabilization training via telerehabilitation for eight weeks. We evaluated postural stability (PS), limits of stability (LOS), functionality (Neck Disability Index), pain (Visual Analog Scale), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory). Time × Group interactions were significant on VAS, NDI, PS overall, LOS overall, LOS forward, LOS backward, and LOS right (<i>p</i> < .05). Both groups showed significant improvements over time. However, the SS group demonstrated significantly greater improvements than the CS group in VAS (<i>p</i> < .001) and NDI (<i>p</i> = .001). On the other hand, the CS group showed significantly greater improvements in PS overall, as well as in various measures of LOS, including overall, forward, backward, and right (<i>p</i> < .05). While both groups showed significant improvements, there were notable differences between them. These findings suggest that SS training is more effective in pain management and functional improvement, while CS training has a stronger impact on balance and stability in young adults with CNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish Translation and Psychometric Properties of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 in 0-24 Months Turkish At-Risk Infants.","authors":"Bircan Yucekaya, Nilay Comuk Balci, Seda Nur Kemer, Hasan Gercek, Bayram Sonmez Unuvar, Mert Demirsoz","doi":"10.1177/00315125251322543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251322543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was designed to investigate the construct-concurrent validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 (PDMS-2) in at-risk infants between 0-24 age in Turkey. In this study, 120 infants (70 males, 50 females) participated in the study (mean corrected age 20.18 ± 22.535 weeks). The PDMS-2 scale consists of two subdimensions, the Fine Motor Quotient (FMQ) and the Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ). Whereas the construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent validity was investigated using the correlation between PDMS-2 and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination with Spearman's correlation analysis. The PDMS-2 was applied twice for test-retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha (α) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for reliability. ICC value was with 95% CI. The overall reliability coefficient of the test was found to be Croncbach's α = 0.865. TICC values were found (ICC FMQ: 0.998, ICC GMQ: 0.998). Construct validity (<math><mrow><msup><mi>χ</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></math>/SD = 4.396; root mean square error of approximation = 0.021; goodness-of-fit index = 0.951) and concurrent validity (<i>r</i> = 0.502-0.771; <i>p</i> < .05) were confirmed as acceptable. The PDMS-2 demonstrated good psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid measure to assess neurodevelopmental aspects of Turkish at-risk infants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251322543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Task (Cognitive Plus Sucking) Training for Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Qiaomin Tang, Yuanyuan Sun, Chen Hu, Qiaoni Wang, Jingfen Jin","doi":"10.1177/00315125251323418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251323418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim in this study was to determine the effect of applying dual-task training of cognitive rehabilitation and sucking activities for stroke patients. We selected 118 stroke patients from the Neurology Department of a class 3, grade A hospital between August 2020 and January 2022; and we randomly assigned them into either a dual-task (DT) training group or a control group. The DT training group received dual-task training of cognition combined with sucking activities based on conventional nursing guidelines; the control group received only conventional neurologic nursing procedures. After a 4-week intervention period, swallowing ability, sucking force, Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (SWAL-QOL) scores, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores improved significantly for patients in both groups (<i>p</i> = .010, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>p</i> < .001). And the incidence of clinical aspiration pneumonia was much lower in the DT training group than in the control group (<i>p</i> = .024). We concluded that short-term dual-task training of cognition combined with sucking activities effectively improved the sucking force, swallowing abilities, SWAL-QOL, and cognition functions of these stroke patients, with important implications for other stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251323418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparisons of Types of Schematic Diagrams and Time of Day of Instruction for Teaching Soccer Tactics.","authors":"Ghazi Rekik","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our purpose in this study was to explore how types of schematic diagrams and diurnal timing of instruction of soccer tactics affect physical education undergraduates' learning. We partly randomized student assignments to three schematic conditions: (a) diagrams with simultaneous arrows, (b) diagrams with sequential-transient arrows, or (c) diagrams with sequential-permanent arrows. Each of 45 participants attended a morning session (08h00-09h00) and an afternoon session (16h00-17h00) on two different days. Each session involved oral temperature and mood state measurements, a study phase (in which the participant studied how the play system functioned), and then a recall-reconstruction task. We found that morning sessions were associated with better recall performance than late afternoon sessions, regardless of the schematic diagram format. Moreover, students derived greater benefit from diagrams featuring both sequential-transient and sequential-permanent arrows in both morning and afternoon sessions, with a clear relative advantage for the diagrams with sequential-permanent arrows. During morning sessions, compared to afternoon sessions, participants showed lower oral temperature, lower negative mood, and higher positive mood. We discuss these findings and their implications for the acquisition of tactical information about soccer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is There a Curvilinear Trajectory of Motor Competence Across Different Weight Status? Exploring the Non-Linear Hypothesis in Adolescents.","authors":"Daniel das Virgens Chagas, Maria Carolina Joia, Blena Marinho, Fabricio Vasconcellos","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Evidence supports that motor competence is inversely associated with weight status, yet less is known about this relationship among young people who are underweight. We hypothesized that there is a non-linear trajectory of motor competence across weight status categories (from underweight to obesity). <b>Purpose:</b> To check whether a non-liner relationship exists between motor competence and weight status in adolescents. <b>Research Design:</b> Cross-sectional study. <b>Study sample:</b> we assessed the motor competence of 310 participants (44.8% boys), aged 12-15 years. <b>Data Collection:</b> Motor competence was assessed the Korperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK). Weight status (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity) was determined using body mass index (BMI). <b>Results:</b> Motor competence was inversely associated with BMI in normal weight (rho = -.222, <i>p</i> = .001), overweight (rho = -.309, <i>p</i> = .028) and obesity (rho = -.663, <i>p</i> < .001), but not in underweight (rho = .193, <i>p</i> = .508). Adolescents with normal weight presented higher motor competence than those with overweight (mean difference = 17.198, <i>p</i> = .001) and obesity (mean difference = 31.686, <i>p</i> < .001). There was no significant difference in motor competence between normal weight and underweight categories. In addition, boys showed a curvilinear trajectory of motor competence, being ascendant from underweight to normal weight and then downward with increasing BMI. Polynomial regressions, fitting a non-linear model, confirmed a non-linear relationship between motor competence and BMI in boys (B = -3.534, <i>p</i> < .001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings suggest that the inverse relationship between motor competence and BMI does not occur in adolescents who are underweight. Furthermore, our results supported the non-linear hypothesis about the relationship between motor competence and weight status in boys.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic Insights Into One-Touch Finishing in Soccer: Analyzing Play During Copa America 2021.","authors":"Michalis Mitrotasios, Spyros Plakias, Vasilis Armatas, Alliance Kubayi, Paul Larkin","doi":"10.1177/00315125251320129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00315125251320129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Goal scoring is critical in soccer, but limited research exists on one touch finishing in open play situations. This study addresses this gap by analyzing one touch finishing in the Copa America 2021. <b>Purpose:</b> To evaluate the effectiveness of one touch finishing and identify the conditions under which they are most successful in competitive soccer matches. <b>Research Design:</b> Observational study using video analysis of Copa America 2021 matches. <b>Study Sample:</b> 544 goal scoring attempts from 28 matches in the Copa America 2021 tournament. <b>Data Collection:</b> Video footage was coded using Hudl Sportscode software to capture relevant game indicators related to final attempts. <b>Data Analysis:</b> Chi-square tests examined associations between touches and various match factors. Binary logistic regression analyzed the impact of touches on goal scoring success. <b>Results:</b> One touch finishing significantly enhanced goal scoring chances compared to multiple touch attempts, especially when executed from within the penalty area and as part of elaborate attacks. Assists from crosses and cutbacks facilitated successful one touch finishing. Binary logistic regression confirmed one touch finishing was three times more likely to result in goals. <b>Conclusion:</b> One touch finishing is highly effective for goal scoring in competitive soccer. Coaches should emphasize quick, decisive actions in high-pressure zones and develop targeted training programs to enhance one touch finishing efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":19869,"journal":{"name":"Perceptual and Motor Skills","volume":" ","pages":"315125251320129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}