Pharmaceutical nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Rationalization Progress of Novel Drug Delivery System for Intra-Periodontal Pockets Against Periodontitis.","authors":"Rishabh Maurya, Prashant Kumar, Gaurav Tiwari","doi":"10.2174/0122117385334802241122094148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385334802241122094148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis (PD) is a pathological condition that results in chronic swelling in the tissue around a tooth, which results in advanced periodontal structural injury to the encircling soft and hard tissues with eventual exfoliation and movement of teeth. It affects around 60% of the world's population, indicating a relatively high prevalence. Therefore, the discovery of efficient therapeutic interventions for dental disorders is a primary goal of the health sciences, and periodontitis is a significant public health problem. Currently, perioceutics plays a revolutionary role in periodontal therapy with the introduction of both systemic and local route administration of therapeutic drugs as supportive therapy to SRP (Scaling and Root Planning). The key to effective periodontal treatment is the selection of the proper antibacterial agent and the local route of medication delivery. The items mentioned, including irrigation systems, gels, fibers, films, thin strips, microvesicles, zero-dimensional nanomaterial, and moderate-dose biocide agents, reflect the innovative site-specific drug delivery available in the sector, resulting in the fulfillment of antimicrobial substances to sites of periodontal disease with low to non-existent negative impacts on other bodily systems. The current report seeks to present the most recent technologies in local biomaterial-based delivery with different properties that play a significant role in gum disease so that the practitioners are able to select appropriate bioactive agents for LDDS that are custom-tailored for a given clinical condition, identify present obstacles, and determine the future research opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Updates on Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery Platforms for Treating Alzheimer's with Herbal Drugs.","authors":"Shakeel Ahmed Ansari, Asim Muhammad Alshanberi, Rukhsana Satar, Jakleen Abujamai, Ghulam Md Ashraf","doi":"10.2174/0122117385335626241204165702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385335626241204165702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible brain disorder that led to memory loss and disrupts daily life. Earlier strategies to treat AD such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) drugs are not showing effectiveness due to the inability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, traditional AChEI provides limited efficacy in terms of bioavailability and solubility for treating AD treatment. Many of the current drugs such as donepezil taken to treat the disease exhibited harmful side effects. Hence, researchers are keen to find the alternative effective therapeutic agents for treating AD. This review summarizes the recent advancement in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems of herbal drugs such as Curcumin, Ginkgo biloba, Salvia officinalis, etc for the prevention and cure of AD. Herbal drugs proved useful in treating neuronal disorders such as AD but exhibited some limitations like low bioavailability via oral drug delivery. Such limitations were overcome by tagging these drugs by nanoparticles which enables them to cross the blood-brain barrier and offer the delivery of greater concentration of herbal drugs to the brain. Inorganic nanoparticle-based drugdelivery systems such as gold nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticulate systems like polymeric micelles and dendrimers, and solid polymeric nanoparticles were some of the effective methods that have earlier shown potential for enhancing the delivery of herbal drugs to the brain. Long-term repeated injection of drugs loaded on nanomaterials can lead to the accumulation of nanomaterials in the body without timely and effective degradation which can cause serious issues to the brain. Hence, nanotechnology-based strategies should involve the formulation of nontoxic nanoparticles in such a way that they can significantly transport the drugs across the BBB followed by effective degradation of nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation, Development, and Optimization of Fast Dissolving Tablets Containing Tapentadol Hydrochloride.","authors":"Chandrashekar Thalluri, Mallikarjun Vasam, Rajkumar Jampala, Shanmugarathinam Alagarsamy, Anubhav Dubey, Amit Lather, Tanuj Hooda","doi":"10.2174/0122117385350217241122151638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385350217241122151638","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Tapentadol hydrochloride is a potent analgesic commonly used to manage moderate to severe pain. Rapidly dissolving tablets of Tapentadol offer a significant advantage in enhancing patient compliance by providing quick pain relief. The development of fast-dissolving tablets (FDTs) requires careful consideration of formulation parameters to achieve optimal disintegration and dissolution profiles. In this study, the aim was to fabricate Tapentadol FDTs by selecting suitable super disintegrating agents such as croscarmellose sodium and crospovidone, which serve as two independent variables. The direct compression method was employed to formulate nine different Tapentadol hydrochloride formulations (TH1 to TH9).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study utilized Design-Expert® software version 13.0 and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for the optimization of Tapentadol FDTs. The formulations were prepared using the direct compression method with varying concentrations of the super disintegrants, croscarmellose sodium, and crospovidone. The primary response variables considered in this optimization study included disintegration time (Y1), percentage drug release at 15 minutes (Q15, Y2), and percentage drug release at 30 minutes (Q30, Y3). All pre-compressional and postcompressional parameters were evaluated for each formulation, along with in vitro dissolution studies. Furthermore, DD Solver, a statistical tool, was employed to determine the kinetics of drug release and the release order mechanism based on regression coefficient value (r²), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and Model Selection Criteria (MSC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The evaluation studies indicated that the TH5 formulation exhibited the most rapid disintegration time and the highest drug release percentage within the specified time frame. The super disintegrants used demonstrated a significant impact on the response variables, notably enhancing the solubility and dissolution rate of Tapentadol hydrochloride. Based on the exponent release (n) value, the study concluded that the TH5 formulation followed a first-order release kinetics and Fickian diffusion mechanism for drug release. Stability studies were performed following the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines to assess the shelf-life of the optimized formulation. The ANOVA data revealed that the p-value was greater than 0.05, indicating no significant differences during the storage period. Additionally, a similarity factor (f2) analysis was conducted to compare the optimized formulation with the marketed formulation (Tydol 100 mg).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings highlight the crucial role of super disintegrants in fast-dissolving tablet formulation, significantly impacting disintegration time and dissolution profile. The TH5 formulation excelled in rapid disintegration and drug release, optimized using RSM and Design-Expert software, ","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Cucurbitacin E-Glycoside and Methyl Gallate Isolated from Citrullus colocynthis L. Fruit and Evaluation of their Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities.","authors":"Achyut Adhikari, Asmita Sapkota, Syed Muhammad Zaki Shah, Kapil Aryal, Prajwal Acharya","doi":"10.2174/0122117385314421241009075737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385314421241009075737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Metal nanoparticles have received much attention due to their unique physical dynamics, chemical reactivity, and promising biological applications. Green synthesis using natural compounds is an alternative to traditional chemical methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Herein, two secondary metabolites were isolated from different fractions of methanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis (bitter apple) Schard. and identified as cucurbitacin Eglycoside (1) and methyl gallate (2). Both compounds were used in the green nanoformulation of gold nanoparticles. Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy were used for structure elucidation of compound 1 and compound 2. UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and AFM were performed to confirm the formation of AuNPs.</p><p><strong>Result and discussions: </strong>The spectra of UV-Vis showed a characteristic peak at 519 nm and 548 nm for compounds 1 and 2, respectively. AuNPs ranged mostly between 1 and 50 nm measured using AFM. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of phytochemicals on the surface of AuNPs. The synthesized AuNPs showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The synthesized AuNPs demonstrated good antibiofilm activity against Streptococcus mutans. Thus, the green synthesized AuNPs can combat the pathogenicity of several human pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles: Latest Insights and Applications.","authors":"Khadija El Ouardy, Hassan Ahmoum, Youssef Mir","doi":"10.2174/0122117385353296241119072148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385353296241119072148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanotechnology is rapidly transforming various fields, including medicine, environmental conservation, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals. The production of metallic nanoparticles is a key area within this field, known for its innovative applications. However, traditional chemical and physical methods used for nanoparticle synthesis often involve toxic chemicals and are expensive, making them unsuitable for large-scale production. To address these issues, there has been a growing focus on developing sustainable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly methods. One promising approach is the biological synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. This technique combines principles from biology and nanotechnology, using natural sources such as plant extracts, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae to produce nanoparticles in an environmentally friendly way. This review examines the biological synthesis of various metal nanoparticles, including platinum, palladium, gold, and silver. It explores different green methods used for their production and discusses the mechanisms that enable these biological processes. Additionally, the review highlights the diverse applications of these nanoparticles, from environmental cleanup and heavy metal removal to cancer treatment and drug delivery. By focusing on green synthesis methods, this approach not only reduces environmental impact but also offers a scalable, sustainable alternative to traditional nanoparticle production techniques. As research in this area advances, these eco-friendly methods are expected to play a crucial role in the future of nanotechnology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Critical Review on Lipid Nanoparticle-based siRNA Formulations for Breast Cancer Management.","authors":"Phool Chandra, Vaibhav Rastogi, Mayur Porwal, Himanshu Sharma, Anurag Verma, Neetu Sachan","doi":"10.2174/0122117385330006241120084721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385330006241120084721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer poses a formidable challenge due to its inherent difficulty in treatment. Recognizing the imperative need for new therapeutic approaches, this study focuses on a groundbreaking technique that has the potential to reshape breast cancer treatment: siRNA formulations based on lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). This novel method holds promise for transforming the landscape of breast cancer therapy. The primary objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the art in the field, specifically exploring the potential applications of siRNA treatments encapsulated in LNPs for breast cancer. The research methodology involves a detailed literature review covering breast cancer, siRNA therapy, and lipid nanoparticles. The study investigates the fundamental principles of siRNA therapy, highlighting its capacity to selectively silence genes critical to breast cancer development. Additionally, the application of LNPs in delivering therapeutic siRNA payloads is explored, with an emphasis on the benefits of LNPs, including their biocompatibility and effective siRNA incorporation. Safety and effectiveness characteristics of LNP-based siRNA formulations are also assessed to pave the way for potential therapeutic applications. Findings from the study illuminate the promising characteristics of LNP-siRNA formulations in the treatment of breast cancer. The investigation provides insights into targeting strategies, such as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and the utilization of ligand-conjugated nanoparticles. The study outlines potential avenues for therapeutic use, drawing attention to the safety and effectiveness of LNP-based siRNA formulations. In summary, this study aims to reveal intricate interactions between lipid nanoparticle-based siRNA formulations and breast cancer treatment, fostering a transformation in the field by highlighting current developments, future trends, and innovative strategies for next-gen LNP-based siRNA formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Assessment of an Optimized Glimepiride Transdermal Therapeutic System Using 32 Full Factorial Design Approach.","authors":"Audumbar Mali, Sunayana Mali","doi":"10.2174/0122117385348069241017070659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385348069241017070659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, a large number of populations are suffering from diabetes mellitus, which significantly increases the burden on public health. Glimepiride is an antidiabetic drug with a shorter half-life (approximately 5 hours), low bioavailability, and first-pass metabolism. Due to these limitations, it is required to maintain a uniform therapeutic level, and it has been chosen as a transdermal drug delivery approach.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate glimepiride-loaded transdermal patches on the skin to treat diabetes mellitus. To overcome the issue of oral glimepiride and provide a localized effect, a transdermal drug delivery approach was developed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The glimepiride transdermal drug delivery approach was developed by using the solvent evaporation method. To examine the impact of altering amounts of polyvinyl alcohol (X1) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (X2) on tensile strength, % of glimepiride released in 12 hours (Q12), and % of glimepiride released in 24 hours (Q24), as reliant on variables, a 32 complete factorial design was employed. For dependent variables, regression estimation and estimation of variance were employed. In-vitro release statistics were fixed to different models for various glimepiride release kinetics. In-vitro glimepiride release was tested using the best formulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The formulation F4 with 1300.00 milligrams of polyvinyl alcohol and 600.00 milligrams of polyvinyl pyrrolidone demonstrated a release of 96.17% for up to 24 hours and zero order release kinetics consisting of r2=0.987, which was the best batch. The optimized formulation F4 showed a controlled release of glimepiride and better permeation and deposition properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this research work demonstrated the potential of the 32 full factorial mathematical models created to anticipate formulations with additional desirable release and permeability qualities for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Curcumin-Loaded Bacterial Nanocellulose for Topical Application: Preparation and In vivo Study.","authors":"Juniar Kalpika Resmi, Safira Prisya Dewi, Heni Rachmawati","doi":"10.2174/0122117385330452241015071605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385330452241015071605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is typically produced through fermentation using Hestrin Schramm (HS) médium. However, its high cost limits its use in industry. Moreover, curcumin, as a model substance, is a potential bioactive compound but has low bioavailability. This also limits its use for clinical application. Thus, a delivery system using more affordable production of BNC was develop to improve the lack property of curcumin, focusing on topical route.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the best substrate component according to yield value and evaluate the physical properties as well as the permeation capability of BNC as a delivery matrix system for curcumin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The optimization of Gluconacetobacter xylinus culture media to produce BNC was conducted using 6 variation substrates consisting of Palmyra sap (PS) and tofu pulp with certain concentrations. Following a nine-day period, the yield of BNC was calculated. The selected BNCs were then impregnated with curcumin-DMSO and curcumin in the form of nanoemulsion (curcumin- NE). Subsequently, the BNCs containing these curcumin forms were characterized. In vitro testing of curcumin reléased from BNC was conducted using Franz difusión cells. In addition, the penetration ability of curcumin across the mice skin was observed using confocal microscopy. In vivo testing was also conducted to ascertain the safety of BNC-loaded curcumin on mice skin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PS-TP substrate (100:0, S-6) was the most appropriate substrate for BNC production, yielding 118.5±0.09 g/L. CR-DMSO and CR-NE were successfully impregnated into BNC. Confocal data showed that both formulations were able to penétrate the dermis layer. There was no significant difference was observed between the administration of BNC/CR-DMSO and BNC/CR-NE against the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BNC successfully produced using palmyra sap shows promising biomembrane for topical delivery of curcumin. No evidence inflammation or neovascularization in BNC/CR-DMSO- and BNC/CR-NE-treated mice confirms the safety use of this biomembrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Trends in Transdermal Drug Delivery: Nanoparticle Formulations and Technologies for Enhanced Skin Penetration and Drug Efficiency.","authors":"Kiran Dudhat","doi":"10.2174/0122117385331393241111073911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385331393241111073911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have emerged as a popular non-invasive approach for treating skin-related disorders, offering quick and reliable drug delivery into the skin, thereby accelerating therapeutic efficacy. In India, there is a growing interest in TDDS due to its perceived safety and effectiveness. Researchers are actively developing new formulations and technologies to enhance drug delivery efficiency and reduce side effects. Recent trends indicate a focus on overcoming challenges such as low permeability and stability issues through innovative nanoparticle-based delivery systems. Nanotechnology has revolutionized transdermal drug delivery by offering precise control over nanoparticle properties, enabling enhanced skin permeation and targeted delivery. Various nanoparticle formulations, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanotubes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanoemulsions, have shown promise in improving drug solubility, bioavailability, and sustained release. Additionally, microneedles have emerged as a successful transdermal delivery method, offering advantages over traditional creams and patches. Metallic nanocarriers and nanoemulsions are also being explored for their potential in targeted drug delivery and enhanced skin penetration. Despite these advancements, challenges such as toxicity and biocompatibility need to be addressed for widespread clinical translation. Overall, the growing interest in transdermal drug delivery systems in India reflects the potential for improved therapeutic outcomes and patient convenience through innovative nanoparticle- based formulations and technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Arthritis Patients: Optimized Drug Delivery through Piroxicam Microcapsule-Embedded Scaffold Implants via Box-Behnken Experimental Design.","authors":"Sampath Kumar, Mothilal Mohan","doi":"10.2174/0122117385332757241104104727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385332757241104104727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The necessity for extended drug discharge to alleviate pain without adverse effects underscores the importance of innovative drug delivery systems. Achieving sustained pain relief without compromising patient safety is a critical objective in healthcare. By extending the duration of drug action while suppressing side effects, such systems offer enhanced therapeutic outcomes and improved patient quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study endeavors to develop and appraise an innovative implantable drug delivery system by integrating NSAID-loaded gelatin microcapsules into a gelatin scaffold designed to augment drug delivery efficiency and sustain drug release.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Piroxicam-loaded microcapsules with a 1:1 ratio of poly lactic acid and poly lacto glycolic acid showed smaller particle size, good yield, entrapment efficiency, and discharge. They were selected to make gelatin scaffolds with Box Behnken Design using Design Expert software for optimization. The better scaffolds were made in the form of rod-shaped sub-dermal implants. The primary focus of the investigation was the evaluation of critical parameters, specifically entrapment efficiency and drug discharge properties as dependent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microcapsules with a 1:1 ratio of PLA and PLGA showed smaller particle sizes, good yield, entrapment efficiency, and discharge. Notably, the Design Expert-driven optimization yields highly favorable results. Furthermore, the scaffolds loaded with microcapsules exhibited favorable physicochemical assets, including drug discharge, for an extended period, underscoring their versatility for drug delivery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By employing Design Expert software for optimization, the study demonstrates promising results, particularly in sustained pain management for arthritis, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes and patient quality of life. The study concludes that the prepared implants (holding scaffolds impregnated with piroxicam-loaded microcapsules) can be promising for relieving arthritis all day.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}