Pharmaceutical nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Industrial Production and Therapeutic Application of Botulinum Neurotoxin: The Role of <i>C. botulinum</i> Type A.","authors":"S Danish Kadir","doi":"10.2174/2211738511666230825150259","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2211738511666230825150259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Botulinum neurotoxin has remarkably transitioned from a food safety hazard and biological warfare to an effective therapeutic drug. Currently, botulinum neurotoxins have seven serotypes (BoNT/A-G) in the form of protein complexes produced by <i>Clostridium</i>, a gram-positive and sporeforming bacteria. The conversion of toxins into useful drug substances of choice using the biotechnological process is tremendously increasing. Recent studies have shown that Botulinum neurotoxin-A (BoNT/A) has different biological activities and potencies in experimental and clinical conditions. They also indicate that the manufacturing process influences the potency and efficacy of BoNT/A drugs. Thus, this review focuses on the following criteria: detailed Fed-batch operation that includes the upstream and downstream processing of BoNT/A, the underlying mechanism behind the neurotoxic effect, and commercially available FDA-approved BoNT/A products and their therapeutic uses. Still, some research gaps exist in the mechanism for the treatment of psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin- β-Cyclodextrin Molecular Inclusion Complex: A Water-Soluble Complex in Fast-dissolving Tablets for the Treatment ofNeurodegenerative Disorders.","authors":"Sruthi Laakshmi Mugundhan, Purushothaman Balasubramaniyan, Damodharan Narayanasamy, Mothilal Mohan","doi":"10.2174/0122117385273171231120051021","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385273171231120051021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) have become an excellent choice for delivering drugs as their palatability is greatly improved. In this work, β-cyclodextrin has been used to improve the solubility of curcumin by encapsulating it into the hydrophobic cavity for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to present the design, formulation, and optimisation of fastdissolving oral tablets of curcumin- β-cyclodextrin molecular inclusion complex using a 3²-factorial design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The drug-excipient compatibility was studied by FTIR spectroscopy. The inclusion complex of curcumin-β-cyclodextrin was prepared using solvent casting and confirmed using XRD studies. Powder blends were evaluated for flow properties. Tablets prepared by direct compression were evaluated for post-compression parameters. Further, the effect of formulation variables, such as sodium starch glycolate (X1) and Neusilin^® ULF2 (X2), on various responses, including disintegration time and dissolution at 2 hours, was studied using statistical models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-compression parameters, <i>i.e</i>., hardness (4.4-5 kg/cm²), thickness (3.82-3.93 mm), weight variation (±7.5%), friability (< 1%), wetting time (51-85 seconds) and drug content (96.28- 99.32%) were all found to be within the permissible limits and the disintegration time of tablets with super-disintegrants ranged between 45-58 seconds. The <i>in-vitro</i> dissolution profile of tablets showed that higher SSG and Neuslin^® ULF2 levels promoted drug release. For statistical analysis, the 2FI model was chosen. Optimised variables for formulation have been determined and validated with the experimental findings based on the significant desirability factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study reveals the validated curcumin-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex fastdissolving tablets with SSG and Neusilin^® ULF2 to be an ideal choice for effectively treating neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139403932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and <i>In-vitro</i> Study of Micro-encapsulation Chitosan Alginate of Single-bulb Garlic Extract.","authors":"Sri Rahayu Lestari, Abdul Gofur, Dra Hartatiek, Yuslinda Annisa, Dimas Nur Ramadhani, Amalia Nur Rahma, Dahniar Nur Aisyah, Ikfi Nihayatul Mufidah, Nadiya Dini Rifqi","doi":"10.2174/2211738511666230607121118","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2211738511666230607121118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Single-bulb garlic extract (SBGE) contains more active compounds than regular garlic, but it is unstable and easily degraded in the digestive tract. SBGE is expected to be protected by microencapsulation chitosan-alginate (MCA).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to characterize and assess the antioxidant activity, hemocompatibility, and toxicity of MCA-SBGE in 3T3-L1 cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research procedures consist of extraction of single bulb garlic, preparation of MCASBGE, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), FTIR analysis, DPPH assay, hemocompatibility test, and MTT assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average size of MCA-SGBE was 423.7 ± 2.8 nm, the polydispersity index (PdI) was 0.446 ± 0.022, and the zeta potential was -24.5 ± 0.4 mV. MCA-SGBE was spherical with a diameter range of 0.65-0.9 μm. A shift in absorption and addition of functional groups was found in SBGE after encapsulation. MCA-SBGE, at a concentration of 24 x 10³ ppm, has higher antioxidants than SBGE. The hemocompatibility test shows the hemolysis of MCA-SBGE lower than SBGE. MCA-SBGE was not toxic to 3T3-L1 cells with cell viability percentage above 100% at all concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MCA-SBGE characterization has microparticle criteria with homogeneous PdI values, low particle stability, and spherical morphology. The results showed that SBGE and MCA-SBGE are nonhemolytic, compatible with red blood cells, and non-toxic to 3T3-L1 cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9592407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Nanomedicine for Targeted Drug Delivery in Livestock: Future Prospective.","authors":"Neeti Hooda, Aarti Ahlawat, Puja Kumari, Sabir Alam, Jamilur R Ansari","doi":"10.2174/0122117385267911231109184511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385267911231109184511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanotechnology has advanced significantly in recent years and is currently used in a wide range of sectors. Only a handful of the many diverse issues covered by nanotechnology include nanoscale gadgets, nanomaterials, nanoparticles, and nanomedicines. Its performance in treating a range of grave conditions, such as cancer, early detection of infections, analysis, bio-imaging, and bio sensing, suggests that it is highly advanced. Nanoscale materials have been employed for medicine delivery, pharmaceutics, and a range of diagnostic techniques due to their various biochemical and physical features. The use of nanoparticles that are based on nanotechnology can significantly improve the drug delivery mechanism. It is believed that nanoparticles capacity to improve the stability and solubility of drugs and shield them from impulsive inactivation during drug transfer makes it possible for them to capture, encapsulate, or bond with the molecules. The use of nanomedicine or nanoparticle-based tactics to combat viruses has emerged as a potentially life-saving tactic. These approaches have the power to protect both humans and animals against viruses. In order to inactivate a virus, nanoparticles have the unique capacity to connect with the virus epitope. Many nanocarriers have the potential to replace current drug delivery methods with focused drug delivery. Small dosages, low toxicity, and targeted flow of drug release at the infected location are all characteristics of nanocarriers or nanomedicine. Due to their distinct physicochemical and biological features, nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems (NBDDS) are frequently employed to enhance the safety and therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated pharmaceuticals. The program's objective can be supported by the applications that have so far been developed. This idea is therefore essential and sophisticated for the development of civilization. Our research will therefore concentrate on how human use of nanomedicines has changed through time in many domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Liposomal and Ethosomal Formulations of Curcuma heyneana Rhizome Extract in a Transdermal Delivery System.","authors":"Idha Kusumawati, Kresma Oky Kurniawan, Rohmania Rohmania, Bernasdito Ade Pratama, Yusuf Alif Pratama, Subhan Rullyansyah, Mega Ferdina Warsito, Retno Widyowati, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah, Katsuyoshi Matsunami","doi":"10.2174/0122117385252518231018161755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385252518231018161755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to develop an anti-aging nanoformulation with Curcuma heyneana extract as bioactive substance.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zipj extract has been proven in previous research to have antioxidant, anti-ageing, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties, which makes it a potential bioactive material for anti-ageing and sunscreen cosmetic products. Phytoantioxidants need to penetrate into deeper skin layers to ensure effectivity. Thus, a transdermal delivery system is needed to deliver the extract to a deeper skin layer.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study was to compare the permeability and anti-ageing activity of liposomal and ethosomal formulations of C. heynena rhizome ethanolic extract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, C. heyneana extract was loaded into a phospholipid vesicular system in the form of liposome and ethosome formulations using the ethanolic injection method. The anti-ageing activity was assessed by analyzing the epidermal thickness, number of sunburn cells, distance between collagen fibres, and number of fibroblasts. While the histologic specimen scoring was carried out for the in vivo penetration study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ethosomal formulation had been found to have better penetration ability since it was able to reach the lower dermis area compared to the liposomes, which only reached the upper dermis. The ethosomal formulation of C. heyneana extract exhibited a better anti-ageing activity based on the parameters of epidermal thickness, sunburn cell count, fibroblast count, and the distance between collagen fibres in rat skin histology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ethosomes have been found to be a more proficient carrier system for transdermal delivery of C. heyneana extract compared to liposomes. Meanwhile, their penetration correlated with the effectivity of the formulation, suggesting that the vesicular system enhanced the penetration ability of the extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71484671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Nanotechnological Applications in Preserving and Improving the Shelf Life of Food.","authors":"Rashmi Saini,&nbsp;Neha Paserkar,&nbsp;Anand Varma,&nbsp;Dhaval K Acharya,&nbsp;Vijay Upadhye,&nbsp;Dinesh Pathak,&nbsp;Ashish Warghane","doi":"10.2174/0122117385260631231016102111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385260631231016102111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ever-growing demand for safe and nutritious food has activated the scrutinization of innovative approaches to enhance food preservation and extended shelf life. Nanotechnology has progressed by making a significant contribution to the food industry at the nanoscale level and appeared as a promising avenue for these challenges. Various nanomaterials have been employed to preserve and extend the shelf life of a variety of food products. Since most harvested fruits and vegetables have a perishable nature, they cannot be preserved in natural circumstances for a long period. Due to a range of unique qualities, nanotechnology-related shelf life extension technologies can compensate for the limitations of normal preservation procedures. The encapsulation of nutraceuticals increases their stability and bioavailability, resulting in beneficial effects on humans. Nanoparticles are used as carriers of health-promoting and/or functional substances in product formulations. They have shown excellent effectiveness in encapsulating bioactive substances and retaining their qualities to ensure their functioning (antioxidant and antibacterial) in food products. This review focuses on the current developments in nanotechnology and their application for improving shelf life and food preservation techniques. Here we excavated the implementation of different types and forms of nanostructured materials (NSMs), from inorganic metals, metal oxides, and their nanocomposites to nano-organic materials incorporating bioactive chemicals in the food system. This review also focuses on exploring the slow and sustainable release of the bioactive compounds, and nutrients enriching the taste and sensory characteristics of the food. Throughout the paper, we dug deep into the regulatory, food safety, and assessment concerns about nanotechnology. The review provides a deep understanding of the developing landscape of nanotechnological applications, challenges, and future opportunities revolutionizing the preservation and extended shelf life of food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgements to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.2174/221173851105230712163728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/221173851105230712163728","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation Of Benzoyl Peroxide Microsponge-Based Transdermal Gel For Acne Infection And Its Evaluation.","authors":"Samali S Raut,&nbsp;Neha R Singh,&nbsp;Bhushan R Rane,&nbsp;Ashish S Jain","doi":"10.2174/2211738511666230908162410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211738511666230908162410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benzoyl peroxide is a peroxide with antibacterial, irritating, keratolytic, comedolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties. When benzoyl peroxide is applied topically, it breaks down and releases oxygen, which kills the germs of Propionibacterium acnes. Benzoyl peroxide's irritating impact causes an increase in epithelial cell turnover, which causes the skin to peel and aids in the healing of comedones. Treatment for acne vulgaris involves the use of benzoyl peroxide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The research is aimed at studying the formulation of Microsponge gel preparation of benzoyl peroxide by using Carbopol 934 as a gelling agent and evaluation of microsponge gel formulation for its physicochemical properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Microsponges of Anti-acne agent benzoyl peroxide drug were prepared by quasi-emulsion method, and in-vitro drug release using a suitable membrane model using a simple diffusion cell.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Prior to drying, the microsponge was filtered and rinsed using distilled water. Formulation containing benzoyl peroxide and Eudragit RS100 with a ratio of 1:4 showed a high 87.5% drug content and 78.20 % yield. The drug content of the microsponge gel was found to be 84%. Microbiological study on S. aureus was conducted by the cylinder cup method and found good results. The in-vitro diffusion of microsponge formulations was sustained for 8 hours. The drug release rate for Eudragit RS-100 was reported to be 88.87% after 8 hours based on the polymer: drug ratio (4:1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method was used to successfully prepare benzoyl peroxide microsponges using Eudragit RS100, Ethyl Cellulose, and HPMC K4M as polymers. The formulations with the highest medication concentration were made with the porous polymer Eudragit RS100.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10570859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Potential of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized using <i>Lasiosiphon eriocephalus Decne</i> Plant Extract.","authors":"Kailas D Datkhile,&nbsp;Pratik P Durgawale,&nbsp;Shuvronil Chakraborty,&nbsp;Nilam J Jagdale,&nbsp;Ashwini L More,&nbsp;Satish R Patil","doi":"10.2174/2211738511666230206112537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211738511666230206112537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent advancements in biomedicine have revolutionized nanomedicine as a therapeutic moderator in the management of both infectious and noninfectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In the current study we demonstrated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of <i>Lasiosiphon eriocephalus</i> as a capping and reducing agent and evaluation of their antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The biosynthesized LE-AuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, DLS, and Zeta potential analysis. The antibacterial activity was checked by a minimum inhibitory concentration assay. The anticancer potential of biogenic LE-AuNPs was checked by cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assay against HeLa and HCT-15 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak of the colloidal solution at 538 nm by UV-Vis spectrum confirmed the formation of LE-AuNPs in the solution. The SEM, TEM, and XRD revealed 20-60 sized hexagonal and crystalline LE-AuNPs. The LE-AuNPs displayed significant inhibition potential against DPPH and ABTS radicals in vitro. The LE-AuNPs demonstrated significant antibacterial potential. The results of cytotoxicity interpreted that biogenic gold nanoparticles exhibited strong dose and time-dependent cytotoxicity effect against selected cancer cell lines where IC50 of LE-AuNPs required to inhibit the growth of HeLa cells after 24 h and 48 h exposure were 5.65± 0.69 μg/mL and 4.37±0.23 μg/mL respectively and that of HCT- 15 cells was 6.46 ± 0.69 μg/mL and 5.27 ± 0.34 μg/mL, 24h and 48h post-exposure respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this study revealed that gold nanoparticles synthesized using <i>L. eriocephalus,</i> showed remarkable antioxidant, antimicrobial, and extensive cytotoxicity and genotoxicity activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoconstituents Based Nanomedicines for the Management of Diabetes: A Review.","authors":"Shailaja Jadhav,&nbsp;Adhikarao Yadav","doi":"10.2174/2211738511666230118095936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2211738511666230118095936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a life-threatening multifactorial metabolic syndrome that is still one of the most difficult unsolved health concerns. Different herbal drugs have been proposed to be useful in treating diabetes and its associated complications. Two major obstacles in plant extracts are their limited solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic bioactive components. Applying nanotechnology has opened new avenues to improve solubility, bioavailability, compliance, and efficacy by overcoming the pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical obstacles associated with herbal extracts and phytochemicals. Herbal nanomedicines can overcome the drawbacks of conventional therapy of DM, its complications like delayed wound healing, and also decrease the side effects of synthetic drugs. The targeted delivery of herbal nanoparticles employing nano-pumps, nanorobots, smart cells, and nanosized herbal medications is recognized today as one of the most far-reaching discoveries in the therapy of DM. This paper focuses on using nanotechnology and herbal therapies to manage diabetes effectively. The review provides a detailed and up-to-date overview of phytonanoformulations in treating diabetes and its consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9958747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}