Pharmaceutical nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Polymeric Nano-discs: A Versatile Nanocarrier Platform for Delivering Topical Theranostics.","authors":"Devesh U Kapoor, Mansi Gaur, Hetal Hingalajia, Sudarshan Singh, Bhupendra G Prajapati","doi":"10.2174/0122117385353188241218153916","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385353188241218153916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymeric nano-discs offer a promising and adaptable nanocarrier platform for topical applications involving the targeted administration of drugs. These biocompatible polymer-based, disc-shaped, nanoscale structures have drawn interest due to their exceptional capacity to encapsulate a diverse range of theranostics. Theranostics, the concept of combining treatments and diagnostics into a single system, is the core of attraction. Precision and fewer adverse effects are provided by the regulated and prolonged release of these drugs made possible by polymeric nano-discs. They also offer the perfect foundation for keeping track of the effectiveness of treatments. The selection of polymeric materials that provide biocompatibility and customized release mechanisms is critical to effectively implementing polymeric nano-discs. Recent pre-clinical and clinical research has demonstrated efficacy in targeted therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, there are obstacles and restrictions in real-world implementation, and more study is necessary to fully realize their potential. Hence polymeric nano-discs offer controlled drug release and simultaneous diagnostic capabilities, making them a flexible and viable path forward for topical theranostics. Their advancement has opportunities for improved treatment results; however, more study is needed to properly resolve obstacles and realize their therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"414-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Beauty Revolution of Nanotechnology: Unveiling the Impact of Cosmetic Nano Wonders.","authors":"Parul Gupta, Anjali Sharma, Vishnu Mittal","doi":"10.2174/0122117385309082240924051320","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385309082240924051320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The infusion of nanotechnology into cosmetic formulations marks a transformative shift in beauty science. Although Raymond Reed originally used the word \"cosmeceutical,\" Dr. Albert Kligman popularised the idea in the late 1970s. Cosmetic Nano Wonders are redefining skincare by leveraging nanomaterials to enhance the stability, delivery, and efficacy of active ingredients. The paradigm shift holds promise for overcoming longstanding challenges in traditional cosmetic formulations. This article aims to explore and showcase the revolutionary impact of nanotechnology on the cosmetic industry. Focusing on key nanocarriers, such as liposomes and nanoparticles, our objective is to illuminate how nanotechnology elevates the performance of beauty products, providing advanced solutions for skincare concerns. This revolution promotes sustainability through green synthesis techniques and enables more accurate and effective therapies for a variety of skin issues, including acne and ageing that raises the bar for safety and innovation in the cosmetics business by enhancing product performance and environmental impact. Conducting a thorough literature review, we analyze recent scientific studies and industry reports to unveil the mechanisms and applications of nanotechnology in cosmetics. Special attention is given to the role of nanocarriers in stability enhancement, targeted delivery, and controlled release, unraveling the methods that drive the transformative potential of Cosmetic Nano Wonders. The database sources are Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google Patents. The examination of recent research underscores the tangible benefits of nanotechnology in cosmetics. Cosmetic Nano Wonders demonstrate superior stability, enhanced penetration into skin layers, and controlled release mechanisms, showcasing their potential to revolutionize beauty science and address longstanding challenges in skincare. Cosmetic Nano Wonders represent a groundbreaking shift in beauty science, offering unprecedented possibilities for formulators and consumers. As nanotechnology continues to reshape cosmetic formulations, the future holds the promise of safer, more effective, and personalized skincare solutions, ushering in a new era in beauty science.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"56-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Solubility of a BCS Class II Drug- Itraconazole by Developing and Optimizing Solid Lipid Nanoparticles using a Central Composite Design.","authors":"Irfan A Mohammed, Sriramakamal Jonnalagadda","doi":"10.2174/0122117385341583250119054309","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385341583250119054309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Itraconazole (ICZ) has been approved by the FDA to treat many fungal infections including, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and aspergillosis. ICZ can be also used as prophylaxis in the population who are at high risk for developing systemic fungal infections, such as HIV patients, and chemotherapy patients.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>However, since ICZ is a BCS Class II drug that has low solubility and high permeability, leads to low oral bioavailability. In addition, the absorption of ICZ from commercial oral dosage forms is highly affected by food intake and pH.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to develop, optimize, and characterize ICZ-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (ICZ-SLNs) using a Central Composite Design for improved solubility and extendedrelease profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ICZ-SLNs were optimized based on physicochemical characteristics. ICZ-SLNs were also evaluated for differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), in-vitro release, lyophilization, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and physicochemical stability at refrigerated and room temperatures for three months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized ICZ-SLNs formulation showed particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, drug content, and entrapment efficiency of 335.6±8.0 nm, 0.25±0.02, -23.8±0.5 mV, 98.3±2.5%, and 99.5±1.5%, respectively. ICZ-SLN dispersions showed extended-release profiles for ICZ compared to the control solution over 24 h. The absence of the endothermic melting drug peak of the lyophilized formulation indicated that the drug was converted to its amorphous form inside the solid matrix. In addition, TEM studies showed spherical shape nanoparticles. Moreover, the optimized ICZ-SLN formulation was stable at both tested storage conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current ICZ formulation could exhibit improved oral bioavailability with better therapeutic outcomes during the treatment of systemic fungal infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"138-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Particles: A Comparative Review on Lipid-based Nanocarriers.","authors":"Anjali Sharma, Devkant Sharma, Pritish Kumar Panda, Niladry Shekhar Ghosh","doi":"10.2174/0122117385318686241003103005","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385318686241003103005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid-based nanocarriers have emerged as promising vehicles for the delivery of various therapeutic agents, owing to their biocompatibility, stability, and ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Among these lipid-based nanocarriers, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) have gained significant attention in the field of drug delivery. This comparative review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of SLNs and NLCs, focusing on their formulation, physicochemical properties, drug-loading capacity, stability, and drug release profiles. The review highlights the differences in preparation techniques, particle size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency, stability, drug delivery, cosmetic and personal care, and food industry applications between SLN and NLC. Furthermore, the review discusses the toxicity and safety profiles of these nanoparticles, including cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, acute toxicity, and long-term toxicity. Finally, the review identifies the potential applications, limitations, and future research directions of SLN and NLC. In summary, this comparative review provides valuable insights into the formulation, physicochemical properties, drug-loading capacity, stability, and drug release profiles of SLNs and NLCs. By understanding the similarities and differences between these lipid-based nanocarriers, researchers and pharmaceutical scientists can make informed decisions regarding the selection of the most suitable nanocarrier for specific therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"230-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Self-nanoemulsifying System for the Delivery of Herbal Drugs.","authors":"Manoj Harde, Rashmi Mallya","doi":"10.2174/0122117385325207240910073653","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385325207240910073653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDSs) are an isotropic mixture of oils, co-surfactants, and surfactants and can form fine O/W nanoemulsions in aqueous media. These components are advantageous in terms of improved solubility and bioavailability, as limited permeability, solubility, and bioavailability remain a significant challenge in the development of herbal drugs. This review explores the potential of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDSs) as a promising strategy to overcome this problem. The SNEDDSs are considered to be a novel technique for the delivery of low water-soluble drugs. They can bypass the first-pass metabolism, which ultimately results in steady and sustained drug levels in the systemic circulation. The present article provides a comprehensive overview of the SNEDDSs formulation of herbal drugs. It includes their composition, characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies conducted on various disease conditions, and their pharmacokinetic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"260-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization, Formulation, and <i>Ex vivo</i> Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery of Diltiazem Hydrochloride.","authors":"Sandhya Jaiswal, Ghanshyam Das Gupta","doi":"10.2174/0122117385330951240925064813","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385330951240925064813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac arrhythmia, is a medical condition that reduces the heart's efficiency in pumping blood, and can be fatal, requires long-term management with conventional drugs, despite their limited efficacy. Diltiazem hydrochloride, chosen as a model drug, has a short biological half-life and extensive metabolism. Administering drug through skin is challenging, particularly due to the penetration via stratum corneum. However, solid lipid nanoparticles as a particulate carrier system can enhance its permeation and bioavailability.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to develop a matrix type transdermal patch with diltiazem hydrochloride encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used the solvent diffusion technique to prepare SLNs by mixing the drug and solid lipid in an organic phase at 80°C, then slowly adding it to an aqueous phase with continuous stirring for 45 minutes. The resulting nanodispersion was freeze-dried and analyzed for morphological studies, encapsulation efficiency & drug content. A patch was formulated using solvent evaporation technique, incorporating HPMC E50 (2% w/v), propylene glycol, and ethanolic oleic acid (1.5% v/v). SLNs loaded with diltiazem hydrochloride taken equivalent to diltiazem hydrochloride dose in the transdermal patch. The patch was then evaluated for In vitro and skin permeation studies.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The result showed a positive correlation between lipid concentration and particle size. Probe sonication and homogenization increased particle size, while stirring speed reduced it. SEM and TEM images confirmed spherical particles with a size of 488.1±4.01nm and an entrapment efficiency of 55.03±1.99%. Drug release studies demonstrated 70.7% drug release from lipid matrix over 24 hrs. The formulated patch with uniform SLN distribution, had a drug content 89.37 ± 0.04% with a surface pH of 6.1 ± 0.53, close to skin pH. The uniformity of content in 3x3 patch estimated to be 14.587 ± 1.404 mg, close to the theoretical content 16.318 ± 1.08 mg, confirmed homogenous distribution of diltiazem hydrochloride SLNs throughout the patch diameter. Cumulative amount released from patch formulation at pH 5.6 and pH 7.4 was 518.1414μg/cm² and 404.4466 μg/cm². Synergistic flux enhancement was observed with oleic acid propylene glycol blend. Ex vivo study of the patch showed steady-state flux of 6.9 μg/cm2/hr, permeability coefficient 0.00362 cm/hr, diffusion coefficient 0.000103 cm/hr, cumulative drug permeation (Dmax) 814.885 μg after 24 hrs, and followed a Higuchi-matrix release model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed patch possessed improved bioavailability with reduced dosing and enhanced patient compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"280-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper Nanoparticles: Characterization, Synthesis, and Biological Activity- A Review.","authors":"Dhanashri A Dakhore, Suchita P Dhamane, Sneha N Chintewar, Virendra S Gomase","doi":"10.2174/0122117385330139240924082840","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385330139240924082840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Copper and copper-based nanoparticles, derived from the abundant and cost-effective copper metal, have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties and potential for various applications. Copper is a biogenic metal that is found in all kingdoms of life and has a variety of essential biological activities. Among the earliest metals that humanity has harvested and exploited, copper has played a crucial role in maintaining and advancing civilization since the beginning of time. The article provided sources that shed light on the synthesis, characteristics, and applications of copper and copper nanoparticles, highlighting their historical significance and diverse range of uses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation of Benzoyl Peroxide Microsponge-based Transdermal Gel for Acne Infection and Its Evaluation.","authors":"Samali S Raut, Neha R Singh, Bhushan R Rane, Ashish S Jain","doi":"10.2174/2211738511666230908162410","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2211738511666230908162410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benzoyl peroxide is a peroxide with antibacterial, irritating, keratolytic, comedolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties. When benzoyl peroxide is applied topically, it breaks down and releases oxygen, which kills the germs of Propionibacterium acnes. Benzoyl peroxide's irritating impact causes an increase in epithelial cell turnover, which causes the skin to peel and aids in the healing of comedones. Treatment for acne vulgaris involves the use of benzoyl peroxide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The research is aimed at studying the formulation of Microsponge gel preparation of benzoyl peroxide by using Carbopol 934 as a gelling agent and evaluation of microsponge gel formulation for its physicochemical properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Microsponges of anti-acne agent benzoyl peroxide drug were prepared by quasi-emulsion method, and in-vitro drug release using a suitable membrane model using a simple diffusion cell.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Prior to drying, the microsponge was filtered and rinsed using distilled water. Formulation containing benzoyl peroxide and Eudragit RS100 with a ratio of 1:4 showed a high 87.5% drug content and 78.20 % yield. The drug content of the microsponge gel was found to be 84%. Microbiological study on S. aureus was conducted by the cylinder cup method and found good results. The invitro diffusion of microsponge formulations was sustained for 8 hours. The drug release rate for Eudragit RS-100 was reported to be 88.87% after 8 hours based on the polymer: drug ratio (4:1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method was used to successfully prepare benzoyl peroxide microsponges using Eudragit RS100, Ethyl Cellulose, and HPMC K4M as polymers. The formulations with the highest medication concentration were made with the porous polymer Eudragit RS100.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"509-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10570859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rationalization Progress of Novel Drug Delivery System for Intra-periodontal Pockets Against Periodontitis.","authors":"Rishabh Maurya, Prashant Kumar, Gaurav Tiwari","doi":"10.2174/0122117385334802241122094148","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385334802241122094148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis (PD) is a pathological condition that results in chronic swelling in the tissue around a tooth, which results in advanced periodontal structural injury to the encircling soft and hard tissues with eventual exfoliation and movement of teeth. It affects around 60% of the world's population, indicating a relatively high prevalence. Therefore, the discovery of efficient therapeutic interventions for dental disorders is a primary goal of the health sciences, and periodontitis is a significant public health problem. Currently, perioceutics plays a revolutionary role in periodontal therapy with the introduction of both systemic and local route administration of therapeutic drugs as supportive therapy to SRP (Scaling and Root Planning). The key to effective periodontal treatment is the selection of the proper antibacterial agent and the local route of medication delivery. The items mentioned, including irrigation systems, gels, fibers, films, thin strips, microvesicles, zero-dimensional nanomaterial, and moderate-dose biocide agents, reflect the innovative site-specific drug delivery available in the sector, resulting in the fulfillment of antimicrobial substances to sites of periodontal disease with low to non-existent negative impacts on other bodily systems. The current report seeks to present the most recent technologies in local biomaterial-based delivery with different properties that play a significant role in gum disease so that the practitioners are able to select appropriate bioactive agents for LDDS that are custom-tailored for a given clinical condition, identify present obstacles, and determine the future research opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"338-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Mysteries of Brain Cancer from Diagnosis to Treatment.","authors":"Dyandevi Mathure, Sejal Bhandare, Dipanjan Karati, Mohammad Adnan, Dileep Kumar","doi":"10.2174/0122117385331332241226101149","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0122117385331332241226101149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Even with recent advancements in surgery and multimodal adjuvant therapy, brain cancer treatment is still difficult. The blood-brain barrier and the potentially deadly medications' nonspecificity have made pharmacological treatment for brain cancer particularly ineffective. The nanoparticle has surfaced as a viable brain delivery vector that can solve the issues with existing approaches. Furthermore, it is possible to integrate many functions into a single nanoplatform to enable tumor-specific diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up observation. Conventional technology does not allow for such multitasking. Recent developments in brain cancer treatment and detection using nanoparticles are discussed in this study. The benefits of delivery via nanoparticles are discussed, along with the kinds of nanoparticle systems being studied and their potential uses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"325-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}