Pharmaceutical nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Nose-to-brain Drug Delivery System: An Emerging Approach to Chemotherapy-induced Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Shireesha Jannapu Reddy, Srinivas Mutalik, Gollapalle Lakshminarayanashastry Viswanatha, Gautam Kumar, Jeena John, Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi, Arpita Das, Sudip Das, Krishnadas Nandakumar","doi":"10.2174/0122117385291482240426101519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385291482240426101519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in global cancer burden, notably breast cancer, emphasizes the need to address chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, also known as chemobrain. Although chemotherapy drugs are effective against cancer, they can trigger cognitive deficits. This has triggered the exploration of preventive strategies and novel therapeutic approaches. Nanomedicine is evolving as a promising tool to be used for the mitigation of chemobrain by overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) with innovative drug delivery systems. Polymer and lipid-based nanoparticles enable targeted drug release, enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. Utilizing the intranasal route of administration may facilitate drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) by circumventing first-pass metabolism. Therefore, knowledge of nasal anatomy is critical for optimizing drug delivery via various pathways. Despite challenges, nanoformulations exhibit the potential in enhancing brain drug delivery. Continuous research into formulation techniques and chemobrain mechanisms is vital for developing effective treatments. The intranasal administration of nanoformulations holds promise for improving therapeutic outcomes in chemobrain management. This review offers insights into potential future research directions, such as exploring novel drug combinations, investigating alternative delivery routes, or integrating emerging technologies to enhance the efficacy and safety of nanoformulations for chemobrain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nose-to-brain Drug Delivery System: An Emerging Approach to Chemotherapy-induced Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Shireesha Jannapu Reddy, Srinivas Mutalik, G. L. Viswanatha, Gautam Kumar, Jeena John, M. Chamallamudi, Arpita Das, Sudip Das, K. Nandakumar","doi":"10.2174/0122117385291482240426101519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385291482240426101519","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in global cancer burden, notably breast cancer, emphasizes the need to address chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, also known as chemobrain. Although chemotherapy drugs are effective against cancer, they can trigger cognitive deficits. This has triggered the exploration of preventive strategies and novel therapeutic approaches. Nanomedicine is evolving as a promising tool to be used for the mitigation of chemobrain by overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) with innovative drug delivery systems. Polymer and lipid-based nanoparticles enable targeted drug release, enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. Utilizing the intranasal route of administration may facilitate drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) by circumventing first-pass metabolism. Therefore, knowledge of nasal anatomy is critical for optimizing drug delivery via various pathways. Despite challenges, nanoformulations exhibit the potential in enhancing brain drug delivery. Continuous research into formulation techniques and chemobrain mechanisms is vital for developing effective treatments. The intranasal administration of nanoformulations holds promise for improving therapeutic outcomes in chemobrain management. This review offers insights into potential future research directions, such as exploring novel drug combinations, investigating alternative delivery routes, or integrating emerging technologies to enhance the efficacy and safety of nanoformulations for chemobrain management.","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":"99 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart Multifunctional Nanoparticles in Cancer Theranostics: Progress and Prospect.","authors":"D. Karati, Swarupananda Mukherjee, Ayon Dutta, Dipanjana Ash, Shayeri Chatterjee Ganguly, Apurbaa Acharya, Biswajit Basu","doi":"10.2174/0122117385304258240427054724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385304258240427054724","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Worldwide, cancer is the second most common cause of death. Chemotherapy and other traditional cancer treatments have toxicities that affect normal cells in addition to their intended targets, necessitating the development of novel approaches to enhance cell-specific targeting.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000The present work summarizes the scientific information on nanoparticles in cancer theranostics to provide a comprehensive insight into the preventive and therapeutic potential of nanoparticles in cancer. Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases are searched to collect all the recent (2015-2023) scientific information on smart multifunctional nanoparticles using the terms nanotechnology, cancer theranostics, and polymer.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The use of nanomaterials as chemical biology tools in cancer theranostics has been thoroughly investigated. They demonstrate expanded uses in terms of stability, biocompatibility, and enhanced cell permeability, enabling precision targeting and ameliorating the drawbacks of conventional cancer treatments. The nano platform presents a fascinating chance to acquire multifunctionality and targeting techniques. The production of smart nanomaterials, specifically with regard to the advent of nanotechnology, has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The capability of nanoparticles to functionalize with a variety of biosubstrates, including aptamers, antibodies, DNA, and RNA, and their broad surface area allow them to encapsulate a huge number of molecules, contributing to their theranostic effect. Comparatively speaking, economical, easily produced, and less toxic nanomaterials formed from biological sources are thought to have benefits over those made using conventional processes.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The present study highlights the uses of several nanoparticles (NPs), and describes numerous cancer theranostics methodologies. The benefits and difficulties preventing their adoption in cancer treatment and diagnostic applications are also critically reviewed. The use of smart nanomaterials, according to this review's findings, can considerably advance cancer theranostics and open up new avenues for tumor detection and treatment.","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140997074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart Multifunctional Nanoparticles in Cancer Theranostics: Progress and Prospect.","authors":"Dipanjan Karati, Swarupananda Mukherjee, Ayon Dutta, Dipanjana Ash, Shayeri Chatterjee Ganguly, Apurbaa Acharya, Biswajit Basu","doi":"10.2174/0122117385304258240427054724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385304258240427054724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Worldwide, cancer is the second most common cause of death. Chemotherapy and other traditional cancer treatments have toxicities that affect normal cells in addition to their intended targets, necessitating the development of novel approaches to enhance cell-specific targeting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present work summarizes the scientific information on nanoparticles in cancer theranostics to provide a comprehensive insight into the preventive and therapeutic potential of nanoparticles in cancer. Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases are searched to collect all the recent (2015-2023) scientific information on smart multifunctional nanoparticles using the terms nanotechnology, cancer theranostics, and polymer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of nanomaterials as chemical biology tools in cancer theranostics has been thoroughly investigated. They demonstrate expanded uses in terms of stability, biocompatibility, and enhanced cell permeability, enabling precision targeting and ameliorating the drawbacks of conventional cancer treatments. The nano platform presents a fascinating chance to acquire multifunctionality and targeting techniques. The production of smart nanomaterials, specifically with regard to the advent of nanotechnology, has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The capability of nanoparticles to functionalize with a variety of biosubstrates, including aptamers, antibodies, DNA, and RNA, and their broad surface area allow them to encapsulate a huge number of molecules, contributing to their theranostic effect. Comparatively speaking, economical, easily produced, and less toxic nanomaterials formed from biological sources are thought to have benefits over those made using conventional processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study highlights the uses of several nanoparticles (NPs), and describes numerous cancer theranostics methodologies. The benefits and difficulties preventing their adoption in cancer treatment and diagnostic applications are also critically reviewed. The use of smart nanomaterials, according to this review's findings, can considerably advance cancer theranostics and open up new avenues for tumor detection and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-Based Theranostics Approach in the Management of Cancer: Review.","authors":"Sonia Singh, Vandana Chauhan, Piyali Barik","doi":"10.2174/0122117385300471240408063205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385300471240408063205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a prevalent and potentially fatal disease worldwide. The proliferation of abnormal cells and uncontrolled cellular growth characterizes cancer. Cancerous tumors exhibit distinct microenvironments characterized by a deficient lymphatic drainage system and aberrant blood supply. Various medications and diagnostic systems exist for cancer treatment, but they all have inherent limitations and undesirable consequences. Consequently, the achievement of effective cancer detection and treatment remains challenging. Theranostics nanoparticles are becoming increasingly popular in nano drug delivery systems. These nanoparticles can diagnose and treat tumors, making them a promising approach in the field. They are designed to be small in size, allowing them to be effective in delivering drugs to targeted areas. Furthermore, these nanoparticles can fundamentally transform the identification and management of several ailments, including cardiovascular disorders and infectious diseases. Such nanoparticles possess dual capabilities, functioning as therapeutic agents and diagnostic tools. They can transport medicinal substances, such as medications, nucleic acids, or therapeutic proteins, and include substances that can be used for imaging, such as contrast agents or fluorescent dyes, to enable non-invasive diagnostics and monitoring of the effectiveness of the treatment. These techniques can be employed for diagnostic purposes to identify, locate, and determine the extent of disorders using imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and fluorescence imaging. These nanoparticles can deliver therapeutic compounds to specific locations accurately during therapy. This leads to improved effectiveness of the treatment, decreased adverse effects, and better patient outcomes. They offer a potential nanomedicine approach by providing diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities for disease diagnosis and treatment. Theranostics nanoparticles have distinct characteristics and adaptability, which can transform the healthcare sector by facilitating personalized and precise medical treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Lipid-Based Nanoformulations for Targeting Brain through Non-invasive Nasal Route.","authors":"Vaibhav Rastogi, Nirvesh Chaudhri, Anurag Verma","doi":"10.2174/0122117385293436240321090218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385293436240321090218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nasal method for administering nanoformulations to the brain has been examined and proven successful by prior investigators. For the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as neuropsychiatric, depression, Alzheimer and anxiety, intranasal administration has become more popular for delivering drugs to the brain. This method offers direct transport through neuronal pathways. The lipid-based nanocarriers like nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) appear more favorable than other nanosystems for brain administration. The nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) system can quickly transform into a gelling system to facilitate easy administration into the nasal passages. The various compatibility studies showed that the other lipid structured-based formulations may not work well for various reasons, including a low drug filing capacity; during storage, the formulation showed changes in the solid lipid structures, which gives a chance of medication ejection. Formulations containing NLC can minimize these problems by improving drug solubility and permeation rate by incorporating a ratio of liquid lipids with solid lipids, resulting in improved stability during storage and drug bioavailability because of the higher drug loading capacity. This review aimed to find and emphasize research on lipid-based nanocarrier formulations that have advanced the treatment of central nervous system illnesses using nasal passages to reach the targeted area's drug molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation Optimization and Characterization of Tizanidine Hydrochloride-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles Using Quality by Design Approach.","authors":"Milind Dharmraj Kamble, Mahesh Gaikwad, Rajendra Marathe, Mahendra Shirsat, Ganesh Tapadiya","doi":"10.2174/0122117385279456240329041704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385279456240329041704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gold nanoparticles (GNP) have been used extensively in cancer biologics and as drug carrier systems for improved pharmacokinetics and effective therapeutic action. GNPs also ensure reliable diagnosis with sensitive imaging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to synthesize tizanidine hydrochloride (TZN)-biodegradable gold (Au) nanoparticles by the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with trisodium citrate using a microwave synthesizer and quality by design approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The formulation method used was optimized using a 32 (two-factor, three-level design) factorial experiment. Temperature (X1) and concentration of gold salt (X2) were the two independent factors, and particle size (Y1), Percent drug entrapment efficiency (Y2), and polydispersity index (Y3) were the responses recorded for the study.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The results of the study revealed that the optimized nanoparticles (TGN8) had a particle size (Y1) of 195 ± 1.2 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.2, and entrapment efficiency of 99.0 ± 2.9% at an optimized concentration of 14 mM gold salt (X1) and 100 0C temperature (X2). Atomic Force Microscopy showed the spherical shape particles. In vitro drug release was found to be 62.1 ± 0.5% release of TZN in simulated gastric buffer (pH 1.2) and 45.5 ± 2.8% in physiological buffer (pH 7.4).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the study identified the optimal formulation conditions for TZN GNPs by considering the effects of independent variables on desired responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Incorporation of Clove Essential Oil into Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Improvement of the Delivery and Antioxidant Effects on the Fibroblast Cells.","authors":"Satrialdi, Nada Nurul Husna, Risya Qonitah Rihad, R. A. Utami","doi":"10.2174/0122117385304491240320040711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385304491240320040711","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil (CO) has been studied extensively for its antioxidant properties but faces several limitations, including high volatility, low aqueous solubility, and irritation.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000We aimed to develop a Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) to enhance the benefits of CO.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Using the emulsification sonication method, a liquid lipid component, surfactant concentration, and a co-surfactant were optimized to create CO-loaded NLC (CO-NLC). The developed CO-NLC was rigorously assessed for its stability during storage. Free radical scavenging activity and fibroblast oxidative stress protection were also measured to assess the antioxidant activity.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The CO-NLC displayed a spherical shape with a hydrodynamic diameter of 125.77 ± 29.68 nm, homogenous particle distribution with polydispersity index of 0.26 ± 0.09, and a surface charge of -27.30 ± 4.56 mV with an encapsulation efficiency of 97% and a good stability profile. Furthermore, free CO and CO-NLC displayed very strong free radical scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 22.74 ± 0.57 µg/mL and 18.28 ± 2.63 µg/mL, respectively. However, only CO-NLC managed to protect fibroblast cells from the harmful effects of oxidative stress.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The NLC formulations improved free radical scavenging activity and effectively protected fibroblasts from oxidative stress compared to free CO.","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RES-CMCNPs Enhance Antioxidant, Proinflammatory, and Sensitivity of Tumor Solids to γ-Irradiation in EAC-Bearing Mice.","authors":"Mohamed S Mansour, Amira A Mahmoud, Mohannad A Sayah, Zahraa N Mohamed, Mohammed A Hussein, Diana A ALsherif","doi":"10.2174/0122117385290497240324190453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385290497240324190453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Resveratrol (Res) is a bifunctional compound found in numerous plants, including grapes and mulberries. Nanotechnology has promising applications in medicine. The ability of various nanomaterials to serve as radiosensitizers against tumor cells were reported in several manuscripts. The present investigation aimed to assess the antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of Res-CMCNPs on EAC-bearing mice. </P> Methods: Res-CMCNPs have been developed using the CMC emulsification cross-linking technique. Entrapment efficiency (%), particle size, Polydispersity index and ZETA potential, UV, FTIR spectra, and drug release were evaluated and described for RES-CMCNPs. The radiosensitizing properties of RES-CMCNPs were also evaluated in vitro and in vivo against EAC-carrying rodents. The LD50 of Res-CMCNPs was estimated and its 1/20 LD50 was prepared for treating EAC transplanted mice. </P> Results: The results revealed that the Res-CMCNPs exhibited a high entrapment efficiency (85.46%) and a size of approximately 184.60 ±17.36 nm with zeta potential value equals -51.866 mv. Also, the UV spectra of Res and Res-CMCNPs have strong absorption at 230 and 250 nm. The percentage of resveratrol release at pHs 5.8 and 7.4 was found to be 56.73% and 51.60 %, respectively, after 24 h at 100 rpm. Also, the FTIR analysis confirmed the chemical stability of resveratrol in Res-CMCNPs cross-linking. The IC50 values of Res-CMCNPs against EAC cells viability were 32.99, 25.46, and 22.21 µg after 24-, 48- and 72 h incubation, respectively, whereas those of ResCMCNPs in combination with γ-irradiation after 6-, 10 and 12-mins exposure were 24.07, 16.06 and 7.48 µg, respectively. Also, the LD50 of Res-CMCNPs was 2180 mg/kg.b.w. The treatment of EAC-bearing mice with Res-CMCNPs plus γ-irradiation improved plasma levels of NO, caspase-3, P53 and NF-kB levels as well as liver MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, LT-B4, aromatase, Bax, Bcl2 and TGF-β levels and exhibited more significant anticancer activity than administration of ResCMCNPs and/or exposure to γ-irradiation individually. On the other hand, administration of ResCMCNPs in combination with γ-irradiation attenuated liver mRNAs (21, 29b, 181a, and 451) gene expression. </P> Conclusion: Grafting resveratrol onto carboxymethyl chitosan appears to be a promising strategy for cancer therapy as a radiosensitizer by potentiating tumor cells' sensitivity to radiation by improving levels of proinflammatory features and antioxidant biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Neuroprotective Nano-structured Lipid Carriers for Transdermal Delivery through Artificial Neural Network.","authors":"Saloni Dalwadi, Vaishali Thakkar, B. Prajapati","doi":"10.2174/0122117385294969240326052312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0122117385294969240326052312","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that predominantly impacts the elderly population, although it can also manifest in younger people through the impairment of cognitive functions, such as memory, cognition, and behaviour. Donepezil HCl and Memantine HCl are encapsulated in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) to prolong systemic circulation and minimize the systemic side effects.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000This work explores the use of data mining tools to optimize the formulation of NLCs comprising of Donepezil HCl and Memantine HCl for transdermal drug delivery. Neuroprotective drugs and excipients are utilized for protecting the nervous system against damage or degeneration.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000The NLCs were formulated using a high-speed homogenization technique followed by ultrasonication. NLCs were optimized using Box Behnken Design (BBD) in Design Expert Software and artificial neural network (ANN) in IBM SPSS statistics. The independent variables included the ratio of solid lipid to liquid lipid, the percentage of surfactant, and the revolutions per minute (RPM) of the high-speed homogenizer.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The NLCs that were formulated had a mean particle size ranging from 67.0±0.45 to 142.4±0.52nm. Both drugs have a %EE range over 75%, and Zeta potential was determined to be - 26±0.36mV. CryoSEM was used to do the structural study. The permeation study showed the prolonged release of the formulation.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The results indicate that NLCs have the potential to be a carrier for transporting medications to deeper layers of the skin and reaching systemic circulation, making them a suitable formulation for the management of Dementia. Both ANN and BBD techniques are effective tools for systematically developing and optimizing NLC formulation.","PeriodicalId":19774,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical nanotechnology","volume":"59 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140723727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}