Optics express最新文献

Real-time detection of multiple trace gases using fiber Bragg gratings combined with gas ionization. 多种微量气体的实时检测使用光纤布拉格光栅结合气体电离。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.592441

Ying-Gang Nan, Yinping Sun, Bianli Zhao, Kangjian Zhao, Hu Zhang, Shunshuo Cai, Xiaoyong Chen, Nanchuan Liu, Xiaoshi Zhang

{"title":"Real-time detection of multiple trace gases using fiber Bragg gratings combined with gas ionization.","authors":"Ying-Gang Nan, Yinping Sun, Bianli Zhao, Kangjian Zhao, Hu Zhang, Shunshuo Cai, Xiaoyong Chen, Nanchuan Liu, Xiaoshi Zhang","doi":"10.1364/OE.592441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.592441","url":null,"abstract":"Trace levels of water vapor (H2O), nitrogen (N2), and methane (CH4) in high-purity helium pose challenges for gas monitoring. In this work, we report a real-time, multi-species sensing approach that combines glow-discharge gas ionization with wavelength-selective fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). Dedicated FBG channels were engineered with reflection peaks near ∼308 nm, 357.7 nm, and 431.4 nm to match the characteristic ionization emission of the -OH group (water), N2, and C-H bonds (methane), respectively, producing distinct optical signals for each species while retaining the intrinsic sensitivity and electromagnetic-immunity of FBG devices. The system was evaluated using three helium mixtures with known impurity concentrations (2.99-20 ppm). For all three gases, the FBG outputs exhibited strong linearity versus concentration ( R2 > 0.97). Limits of detection were 47 ppb (H2O), 103 ppb (N2), and 39 ppb (CH4). These results demonstrate that ionization-assisted FBG spectroscopy is a highly linear, sensitive, and reproducible method for trace-impurity monitoring in helium.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"15006-15016"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-sensitivity differential terahertz detector based on antenna-coupled InP high-electron-mobility transistors. 基于天线耦合InP高电子迁移率晶体管的高灵敏度差分太赫兹探测器。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.588561

Yu Liu, Shang Jiao, Jiandong Sun, Wenwei Gong, Hanze Chen, Yang Shangguan, Chenyang Ruan, Dong Li, Lu Liu, Xinxing Li, Hua Qin

{"title":"High-sensitivity differential terahertz detector based on antenna-coupled InP high-electron-mobility transistors.","authors":"Yu Liu, Shang Jiao, Jiandong Sun, Wenwei Gong, Hanze Chen, Yang Shangguan, Chenyang Ruan, Dong Li, Lu Liu, Xinxing Li, Hua Qin","doi":"10.1364/OE.588561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.588561","url":null,"abstract":"We report an approach for enhancing the sensitivity of terahertz detectors based on self-mixing in antenna-coupled field-effect transistors, and verify that such sensitivity can be significantly enhanced by adopting a differential detector design, enhancing electron mobility, reducing ohmic contact resistance, and minimizing surface roughness. Using this approach, a room-temperature optical noise-equivalent power (NEP) of 7.7pW/Hz at 363.7 GHz was achieved in an antenna-coupled differential InP high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) detector with a 2-μm gate length, fabricated exclusively via contact lithography. This performance is comparable to that of state-of-the-art CMOS and GaN HEMT terahertz detectors with deep-submicron gate lengths. This result indicates that further scaling the gate length of the InP HEMT detector down to the deep-submicron regime is expected to break the sensitivity limit and reduce the optical NEP to the sub-pW/Hz level at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"14900-14911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indoor and outdoor measurements and validation of laser polarization transmission characteristics under sea fog conditions. 海雾条件下激光偏振传输特性的室内外测量与验证。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.589567

Tengfei Wang, Su Zhang, Hairui Wang, Shuang Song, Mingxuan Li, Juntong Zhan, Jin Duan, Qiang Fu

{"title":"Indoor and outdoor measurements and validation of laser polarization transmission characteristics under sea fog conditions.","authors":"Tengfei Wang, Su Zhang, Hairui Wang, Shuang Song, Mingxuan Li, Juntong Zhan, Jin Duan, Qiang Fu","doi":"10.1364/OE.589567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.589567","url":null,"abstract":"The transmission of polarized light in sea fog is severely affected by multiple scattering and depolarization phenomena, which limit the performance of polarization-based optical systems. This study systematically verified the transmission of polarized laser light in sea fog by combining outdoor field experiments, indoor hardware-in-the-loop simulations, and numerical simulations. Outdoor measurements were conducted under real sea fog conditions, and the measured visibility was converted into extinction coefficients and optical thickness to establish an equivalent indoor experiment. Four laser wavelengths (450, 532, 671, and 808 nm) were investigated for both linearly and circularly polarized states under visibility conditions ranging from 5 to 11 kilometers. Results indicate that laser polarization exhibits a pronounced attenuation trend with decreasing visibility (increasing optical thickness), and this depolarization process is strongly wavelength-dependent. At identical visibility conditions, longer wavelengths demonstrate superior polarization retention compared to shorter wavelengths. Circularly polarized light generally outperforms linearly polarized light under identical scattering conditions, exhibiting higher resistance to depolarization. Outdoor experiments, indoor hardware-in-the-loop simulations, and numerical simulations achieved good consistency, with consistency levels of approximately 78% and 85%, respectively, and root mean square errors below 0.20. This fully demonstrates the high consistency of laser polarization transmission patterns in sea fog environments.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"13967-13985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Broadly tunable continuous-wave Tm:CALYO laser operating on the ³H₄→³H₅ transition. 宽可调谐连续波Tm:CALYO激光器工作在3H4→3H5跃迁。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.596707

Zeshang Ji, Kirill Eremeev, Zhongben Pan, Pavel Loiko, Xiaoxu Yu, Hongwei Chu, Han Pan, Simone Normani, Alain Braud, Patrice Camy, Ammar Hideur, Dechun Li

{"title":"Broadly tunable continuous-wave Tm:CALYO laser operating on the 3H4→3H5 transition.","authors":"Zeshang Ji, Kirill Eremeev, Zhongben Pan, Pavel Loiko, Xiaoxu Yu, Hongwei Chu, Han Pan, Simone Normani, Alain Braud, Patrice Camy, Ammar Hideur, Dechun Li","doi":"10.1364/OE.596707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.596707","url":null,"abstract":"We report broadly tunable diode-pumped laser operation of a disordered Tm:CALYO aluminate crystal on the 3H4 → 3H5 transition. By applying an intracavity birefringent filter, continuous tuning ranges of 258 nm (2254-2512 nm) and 225 nm (2235-2460 nm) were achieved for the π- and σ-polarized eigen polarization states of this uniaxial crystal, respectively. In the free-running regime, the Tm:CALYO laser delivered a maximum continuous-wave output power of 1.10 W at 2.3 µm with a slope efficiency of 6.4%. The polarized spectroscopic properties of Tm3+ ions in CALYO were systematically investigated to explain the observed laser behavior. The stimulated-emission cross section for π-polarized light reaches 0.23 × 10-20 cm2 at 2353 nm, corresponding to an emission bandwidth exceeding 250 nm, while the intrinsic luminescence lifetime of the 3H4 upper laser level is about 400 µs. Attention was devoted to crystal annealing conditions, which were found to play a critical role in optimizing laser performance and represent a pathway for further improvement. Owing to its exceptionally broad emission bandwidth and good thermal properties, Tm:CALYO emerges as a promising gain material for femtosecond pulse generation at 2.3-2.4 µm.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"15207-15219"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SESAM mode-locking of a diode-pumped Yb:Ca₃TaGa₃Si₂O₁₄ laser. 二极管泵浦Yb:Ca3TaGa3Si2O14激光器的SESAM锁模。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.590978

Xiu-Ping Li, Zhang-Lang Lin, Yujin Chen, Pavel Loiko, Zhen Zhang, Liangbi Su, Huang-Jun Zeng, Bo Ma, Yidong Huang, Xavier Mateos, Valentin Petrov, Ge Zhang, Weidong Chen

{"title":"SESAM mode-locking of a diode-pumped Yb:Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 laser.","authors":"Xiu-Ping Li, Zhang-Lang Lin, Yujin Chen, Pavel Loiko, Zhen Zhang, Liangbi Su, Huang-Jun Zeng, Bo Ma, Yidong Huang, Xavier Mateos, Valentin Petrov, Ge Zhang, Weidong Chen","doi":"10.1364/OE.590978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.590978","url":null,"abstract":"We report on continuous-wave and passively mode-locked operation of a diode-pumped Yb:Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 laser. In the continuous-wave regime, the laser delivered a maximum output power of 408 mW at 1045.5 nm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 58.1% and a laser efficiency of 53.4%. By incorporating a quartz-based Lyot filter, a continuous wavelength tuning range of 82 nm, spanning from 1007 to 1089 nm, was achieved. In the mode-locked regime, a commercial semiconductor saturable absorber mirror was employed to initiate and sustain soliton-like pulse shaping, and pulses as short as 50 fs were generated at a central wavelength of 1052.4 nm, with an average output power of 40 mW at a pulse repetition rate of 73.9 MHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a mode-locked laser based on the Yb:Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 langasite-type non-centrosymmetric crystal, highlighting its significant potential as a gain medium for sub-100 fs solid-state lasers.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"14499-14507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical analysis of acoustic sensitivity of mandrel fiber optic hydrophone with fiber optic layer. 带光纤层的芯轴型光纤水听器声灵敏度的理论分析。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.592386

Caoyuan Deng, Dong Guang, Chongxu Fang, Pengcheng Zhu, Yuyang Jiang, Xuqiang Wu, Benli Yu

{"title":"Theoretical analysis of acoustic sensitivity of mandrel fiber optic hydrophone with fiber optic layer.","authors":"Caoyuan Deng, Dong Guang, Chongxu Fang, Pengcheng Zhu, Yuyang Jiang, Xuqiang Wu, Benli Yu","doi":"10.1364/OE.592386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.592386","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes and investigates the acoustic sensitivity of mandrel fiber optic hydrophones (FOHs) with fiber optic layers (FOLs). Sensitivity models for both single-column and push-pull air-backed structures influenced by the FOL were established, and simulations were conducted to compare the theoretical acoustic sensitivity of mandrel structures with and without the FOL. Three sets of single-column FOHs and two sets of push-pull FOHs were fabricated using different materials and tested. The experimental results show that: in the model considering FOL, the deviation between theoretical and measured values for different material mandrel structures is controlled within 1.5 dB; in the model neglecting the FOL, the maximum deviation between theoretical and measured values of the polyurethane single-column probe reaches 29.2 dB, and the maximum deviation between the theoretical and measured values for the polycarbonate push-pull probe reached 4.29 dB. Therefore, this model can more accurately estimate the acoustic sensitivity of mandrel structures with lower Young's modulus, providing guidance and reference for the design of high-sensitivity mandrel FOHs.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"15543-15558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silicon-photonics-compatible optomechanical oscillator operating in the low-megahertz regime. 在低兆赫频段工作的硅光子学兼容光机械振荡器。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.591047

Weilin Jin, Hailong Pi, Chuang Sun, Wanchen Bai, Jize Yan

{"title":"Silicon-photonics-compatible optomechanical oscillator operating in the low-megahertz regime.","authors":"Weilin Jin, Hailong Pi, Chuang Sun, Wanchen Bai, Jize Yan","doi":"10.1364/OE.591047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.591047","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated optical sources operating at low repetition rates are a practical requirement in distributed fibre-optic sensing (DFOS) architectures, where the pulse period is set by the round-trip delay of long fibre links rather than by arbitrary design choices. Optomechanical oscillators offer a purely optical route to low-frequency signal generation, but experimental demonstrations on silicon photonic platforms have largely concentrated on higher-frequency operation or have relied on external electronic feedback to sustain oscillation. In this work, we demonstrate a silicon-photonic optomechanical oscillator operating in the low-megahertz regime as a self-sustained optical signal source without radio-frequency driving or electronic control. The device is implemented on a silicon-on-insulator platform using a racetrack resonator with a partially suspended waveguide. Stable self-oscillation is observed at a frequency of approximately 5.86 MHz. Time-domain measurements reveal a near-sinusoidal waveform, while frequency-domain spectra show a distinct mechanical resonance with a quality factor of about 1100. By adjusting the laser cavity detuning, the oscillator transitions from a single-tone oscillation state into nonlinear dynamical regimes characterized by pronounced harmonic generation. The evolution of the output spectrum follows the behavior expected from standard optomechanical models based on phase modulation of the intracavity field. Taken together, these results indicate that low-MHz optomechanical oscillators implemented within silicon photonics are experimentally accessible and can serve as compact optical signal primitives for DFOS-oriented integrated photonic systems.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"14015-14026"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distortion removal in wafer surface interference fringe patterns based on large language models. 基于大语言模型的晶圆表面干涉条纹畸变去除。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.584438

Yanwen Xing, Jing Xing, Jiangang Yang, Hongbo Liu, Yitao Huang, Yun Wang, Jian Liu

{"title":"Distortion removal in wafer surface interference fringe patterns based on large language models.","authors":"Yanwen Xing, Jing Xing, Jiangang Yang, Hongbo Liu, Yitao Huang, Yun Wang, Jian Liu","doi":"10.1364/OE.584438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.584438","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of wafer surface inspection via interference fringes is often degraded by optical aberrations, speckle noise, and unmodeled distortions. Existing approaches for distortion removal lack generalization across diverse distortions, limiting their practical deployment. This paper proposes a novel method that adopts a large language model (LLM) to robustly restore distorted fringe patterns. Our approach employs a cross-modal guidance strategy that deeply aligns fringe features with the semantic latent space of an LLM, guiding the LLM to better interpret fine-grained structures of dense fringe patterns. Furthermore, a fringe-fidelity constrained mechanism is incorporated to ensure high-quality restoration of distorted fringe patterns. To address data scarcity, we generated a large-scale synthetic dataset using physics-based modeling of optical aberrations and speckle noise, covering a wide range of distortion types and their combinations. Experiments demonstrate our method's superior performance in both controlled settings with various optical distortions and noise, and in challenging real-world scenarios. It shows strong generalization to unseen distortions, thereby offering a reliable preprocessing solution for high-precision wafer surface profilometry.","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"34 8","pages":"14155-14173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental demonstration of a low-cost petabit-per-second SDM network node. 低成本每秒拍比特的SDM网络节点的实验演示。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.588079

D A Shaji, R S Luís, B J Puttnam, D Orsuti, M S Neves, B Boriboon, G Di Sciullo, Qi Wu, S Gross, A Ross-Adams, M J Withford, S Shinada, F P Guiomar, P P Monteiro, L Palmieri, A Marotta, A Mecozzi, C Antonelli, H Furukawa

引用次数: 0

Ultrafast change of optical polarization predicted for XUV-irradiated diamond. xuv辐照下金刚石光偏振超快变化的预测。

IF 3.3 2区物理与天体物理

Optics express Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1364/OE.585149

Sebastião Antunes, Flavio Capotondi, Konrad J Kapcia, Vladimir Lipp, Beata Ziaja

引用次数: 0