Open Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hematological and serum biochemical profiles at the time of artificial insemination based on pregnancy outcomes in repeat breeder beef cows.","authors":"Fika Yuliza Purba, Muhammad Ayub, Muhammad Rizky Trimulya Putra, Dwi Kesuma Sari, Muhammad Ardiansyah Nurdin, Andi Ariyandy, Muhammad Muflih Nur, Irwan Ismail, Sri Gustina, Subaedy Yusuf","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.31","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Repeat breeder cows (RBCs) are characterized by failure to conceive at least 3 times without anatomical or infectious abnormalities. This condition presents a major challenge to farm fertility and profitability.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate hematological and serum biochemical profiles at the time of artificial insemination (AI) to identify potential indicators of subfertility and the association with pregnancy rate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 14 RBCs received estrous synchronization protocol comprising 2 doses of 500 µg Cloprostenol at 11-day intervals, followed by AI within 72 hours after the second injection. Pregnancy was diagnosed 60 days after insemination, and the outcome was analyzed descriptively. Factors affecting pregnancy were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, while hematological and serum biochemical parameters were compared between pregnant and nonpregnant cows in the next estrous cycle using the <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>These results showed that 7 out of 14 cows (50%) were pregnant. Among the variables assessed, the timing of AI significantly affected pregnancy rates. Analysis of the hematological profile revealed significant differences in the percentage of granulocytes and midcells between pregnant and nonpregnant cows. Furthermore, biochemical profiles showed that the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the BUN/creatinine ratio were considerably higher in nonpregnant cows (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that physiological conditions during AI affect pregnancy outcomes in RBCs. In addition to management practices, these results provided valuable information regarding the diagnosis of fertility problems in RBCs receiving AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2602-2609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study for evaluation of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract and gold nanoparticle-encapsulated metformin against nephrotoxicity caused by potassium bromate in Sprague Dawley rats.","authors":"Mai A Al-Mosaibih","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.28","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Potassium bromate (KBrO₃) is a potent oxidizing agent that can initiate the generation of free radicals through xenobiotic metabolic pathways, according to more research. This chemical disturbs cellular redox balance, causing structural and functional damage to particular tissues and macromolecules.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study explored the therapeutic impact of a blend of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract and metformin, delivered via gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in reducing the toxicity of KBrO₃ in the kidneys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were categorized into eight groups: a control group, a group receiving <i>G. biloba</i> extract with metformin, a group treated with AuNPs, a group with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin delivered via AuNPs, a KBrO₃ group, a KBrO₃ group combined with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin, and a KBrO₃ group treated with both <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin on AuNPs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>KBrO₃ administration led to a notable increase in levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid. KBrO₃ caused glomeruli shrinkage, expansion of the capsular space, and tubular damage at the histopathological level, and there was a loss of brush borders in the proximal convoluted tubule, an abundance of vacuoles, and glomerular tubules with irregular basement membranes exhibiting significant thickening at the ultrastructural level. Additionally, it increased malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and reduced superoxide dismutase, and catalase compared to the normal control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin, and with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin encapsulated in AuNPs reduced the damages caused by KBrO₃ in the histopathological and ultrastructural levels of the kidney. Treatment with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin and <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin encapsulated in AuNPs improved kidney function tests and kept oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in check. However, <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin encapsulated in AuNPs worked better as a treatment option than <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin. In conclusion, treatment with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin and with <i>G. biloba</i> extract and metformin encapsulated in AuNPs showed good treatment options against KBrO₃ induced-nephrotoxicity in the rat model.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2562-2572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of mung bean sprouts suspension in improving reproductive organs of female albino rats.","authors":"Andriyanto Andriyanto, Aulia Andi Mustika, Hamdika Yendri Putra, Amaq Fadholly, Mawar Subangkit, Elpita Tarigan, Yusa Irarang, Wasmen Manalu","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.19","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mung bean sprouts (<i>Vigna radiata</i>) (MBS) are recognized for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this study was to determine the impact of MBS suspension on the reproductive organs of female rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 15 eight-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats in their diestrus phases were allocated into three distinct groups: one control group receiving aquadest (P0) and two experimental groups receiving 1% MBS suspension (P1) and 5% MBS suspension (P2) for 20 days. The assessment of reproductive organs was conducted using measured serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone. The measurements of ovarian and uterine relative weights, uterine cornual diameter, uterine cornual length, uterine vascularization, histological assessment of uterine gland diameter, and the quantification of primary, secondary, tertiary, de Graaf follicles, corpus luteum, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) expression in the ovary was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The P1 group exhibited a substantial rise in relative weights of the uterus and ovaries, whereas the P2 group had an increase in uterine cornual width, length, and vascularization. Neither the P1 nor P2 groups exhibited an increase in uterine gland diameter or the quantity of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum, despite the observation of larger mature superficial follicles. Serum concentrations of FSH in both P1 and P2 groups were significantly lower than those in the P0 group. The suspension treatment of MBS showed a nonsignificant influence on serum estradiol concentrations across all groups. A notable rise in serum progesterone levels and VEGF expression was detected in both P1 and P2 groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 20-day administration of MBS enhanced the reproductive system and function in female rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2471-2477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First surveillance study of avian orthoavulavirus type 1 in wild birds in Morocco: Insights and implications for future monitoring.","authors":"Hasnae Zekhnini, Fatiha El Mellouli, Mohamed Rida Salam, Faiza Bennis, Fatima Chegdani","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.30","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wild birds, particularly migratory species, can act as natural reservoirs and vectors of avian orthoavulavirus type 1 (AOAV-1) or Newcastle disease virus (NDV), contributing to its spread across regions and potentially threatening domestic poultry populations. AOAV-1, also known as NDV, is a major pathogen affecting avian species and poses a global threat to poultry production. It belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and is an RNA virus encoding six key proteins, including the fusion (F) protein, which determines pathogenicity. AOAV-1 is classified into three pathotypes based on virulence: velogenic (highly pathogenic), mesogenic (moderately pathogenic), and lentogenic (mild or asymptomatic). In Morocco, AOAV-1 is endemic in poultry production systems, as evidenced by recent studies reporting a 52.1% seroprevalence and active viral RNA detection in backyard chickens in the Khemisset and Skhirat-Temara provinces; however, effective vaccination strategies have contributed to controlling the clinical signs and widespread dissemination of the virus.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The main objective of this study was to investigate the presence of AOAV-1 in wild bird populations across Morocco, providing insights into possible transmission of infection affecting domestic poultry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From November 2016 to April 2022, a total of 1984 samples were collected from 840 individual birds, encompassing 79 species, 25 families, and 12 orders. The majority of the samples belonged to Charadriiformes, Anseriformes, Pelecaniformes, and Passeriformes. Sampling was conducted at 17 wetlands and six additional locations throughout Morocco. Viral detection was performed using real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) targeting Matrix (M) and RNA polymerase (L) genes to confirm the presence of AOAV-1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the study spanned 6 years and included a large number of samples from bird orders considered primary AOAV-1 reservoirs, all samples tested negative for NDV RNA using both M and L gene targets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study represents the first effort in Morocco to monitor wild birds for AOAV-1. The samples analyzed were initially collected for avian influenza surveillance, which shares epidemiological similarities with Newcastle's disease. However, to improve future surveillance efforts, sample collection should be optimized to target scenarios with the highest probability of virus detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2586-2601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variability of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in thin-tailed and fat-tailed sheep.","authors":"Arif Wicaksono, Aris Haryanto, Alek Ibrahim, Anggita Suryandari, Rana Ayuningtyas Adhi Puspita, Medania Purwaningrum","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.47","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scrapie is a deadly neurodegenerative transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) that affects sheep and goats. TSEs are a consequence of polymorphisms of the prion protein gene PRNP, which result in misfolded prion proteins. They are transmitted through contact with the abnormal proteins (prions). Currently, there are no data regarding the identification of PRNP variability in Indonesian sheep breeds.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to identify variants of the PRNP gene and classify the risk of scrapie disease genotypically in thin-tailed and fat-tailed sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA isolates from the blood samples of thin-tailed (ET) and fat-tailed (EG) sheep were amplified with the forward primer 5'-AAGCCACATAGGCAGTTGGA-3'and thereverse primer 5'-GAGACACCACCACTACAGGG-3'. A total of 10 samples of polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and analyzed with molecular evolutionary genetics analysis v.11 software. The data were multiply aligned with comparison samples from GenBank.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 10 nucleotide variations and 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms at sites 379, 380, 566, 691, and 711. Four codon haplotypes were identified, namely G127A, G127S, G127V, and Q189L, as well as six genotypic variations at codon 127 and two at codon 189. All ET and EG samples had the scrapie codon A136L141R154Q171.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lack of resistant genotypes and protective alleles in the sheep in this study rendered them less genetically resistant to classical scrapie and more susceptible to atypical scrapie. This is the first study on the identification of PRNP gene variations in sheep in Indonesia. Our results suggest the need for further PRNP research in sheep, especially in Indonesia, to anticipate the risk of a scrapie outbreak and determine the relationship between PRNP variants and phenotypic characteristics of sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2789-2797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and identification of the H9N2 virus that caused the decline in poultry egg production in Indonesia from 2011 to 2018 using the RT-PCR-sequencing method.","authors":"Kadek Rachmawati, Kuncoro Puguh Santoso, Rochmah Kurnijasanti, Aswin Rafif Khairullah","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.50","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza A virus subtype H9 is enzootic in portions of North and Central Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, where it significantly reduces the chicken industry's profitability. The H9N2 virus was reported in Indonesia in late 2016, causing decreased egg production and increased mortality. Research on the H9N2 virus is important as an early warning system for the reassortment of potentially pandemic viruses such as HPAI virus subtype H5N1.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This tracking study aimed to isolate and identify the H9N2 virus in laying hens from samples collected from 2011 to 2018 in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sequencing was performed on 2,949 samples obtained from tracheal and cloacal swabs after examination for the H9N2 virus using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One positive sample was from West Java in 2017. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed that this virus belongs to the China-Vietnam-Indonesia lineage and is related to the A/chicken/West Java/VSN791/2017(H9N2) and A/chicken/Viet Nam/QN-2576/2015(H9N2) viruses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As an early warning system for AI outbreaks, active surveillance is required to track the progress of LPAI viruses like H9N2.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2815-2822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of a fly maggot antimicrobial peptide in a <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>-induced mouse mastitis model.","authors":"Zhengli Wang, Jungang Wang, Hong Shen","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.26","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been widely recognized for their robust antimicrobial efficacy and significant activity against diverse pathogens.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</i> is a well-known pathogen associated with mastitis in dairy cows. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of maggot-derived antimicrobial peptides for treating S. aureus-induced mastitis in a murine model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The AMP derived from maggots was isolated, purified, and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Subsequently, it was applied to treat a murine model of mastitis. A concentration of 25.36 µg/ml AMP was determined as the optimal dose for intramammary administration in mice with <i>S. aureus</i>-induced mastitis. ICR mice were randomly allocated into four groups, with 30 mice in each group: Group I (healthy control), Group II (disease control), Group III (AMP treatment), and Group IV (ciprofloxacin treatment).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The therapeutic efficacy of maggot-derived AMP against <i>S. aureus</i>-induced mastitis was evaluated according to clinical manifestations, mammary gland structure, bacterial load, histopathological analysis, and recovery conditions. During the 7-day treatment period, all mice in Group II (disease control) succumbed to the infection by the afternoon of the fifth day. In contrast, mice in Group III (AMP treatment) exhibited noticeable clinical improvement starting from the third day, characterized by gradual restoration of mental status, food intake, and water consumption. Throughout the treatment period, the bacterial load in Group III was significantly lower than that in Group II but higher than that in Group IV (ciprofloxacin treatment). However, from the fifth to the seventh day, the bacterial load in Group III progressively declined, approaching levels observed in Group IV. Additionally, TNF-ɑ levels in Groups III and IV were significantly reduced compared with Group II, indicating that maggot AMP exerts a suppressive effect on TNF-ɑ production. AMP administration (10 µl at a concentration of 25.36 µg/ml) resulted in alleviation of clinical symptoms, reduction in bacterial load, and decreased TNF-ɑ levels, accompanied by significant amelioration of histopathological alterations compared with the disease control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that maggot-derived AMP holds promise as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of bovine mastitis, offering a viable therapeutic strategy to address antimicrobial resistance and improve clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2540-2550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of vitamin B12 treatment on the adrenal gland of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid rats.","authors":"May T Ajeel, Hazar S Saleh, Aisha M Din, Fatima Alashkham, Rozzana M Said","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.12","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypothyroidism is characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which are crucial for metabolism. It often causes adrenal gland disturbances.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the effect of vitamin B12 supplementation on adrenal gland disturbance in propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty female rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 received normal saline. Group 2 received only vitamin B12 supplementation. Group 3 received 50 mg/kg of propylthiouracil (PTU). Group 4 received PTU and 25 µg/kg of vitamin B12. At the end of the experiment and after the animals' dissection, serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), cortisol, epinephrine, and vitamin B12 were analyzed. The adrenal gland and thyroid glands were examined histologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the present study revealed a significant increase in TSH hormone (2.23 ± 0.44) and epinephrine hormone (371.74 ± 24.29) in the hypothyroid group compared with the control group, while there is a significant decrease in cortisol hormone (88 ± 17.97) and vitamin B12 (297.52 ± 12.51) in the hypothyroid group compared with the control group, where the level of hormones in the (hypothyroid rats +B12) group became close to the level of hormones in the control group as well as significantly decreased TSH and epinephrine levels and increased cortisol and vitamin B12 serum levels. Histopathology examination showed that vitamin B12 reversed the adrenal gland damage caused by hypothyroidism, restoring the normal tissue structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin B12 mitigates hypothyroidism-induced adrenal gland damage by restoring hormonal balance and tissue integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2395-2407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video otoscopy-assisted Holmium: yttrium-aluminum- garnet laser excision of aural masses in four dogs.","authors":"Adheip Prabakaran, Julia P Sumner, Sophie A Tyler","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.61","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This case series reports the outcomes of four dogs that underwent video otoscopy-assisted laser excision (VALE) of aural masses using a Holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>All cases underwent excision of aural masses by snare polypectomy and laser ablation of the stalk or direct excision of the mass with a Ho:YAG laser. The first three cases underwent VALE and were free of clinical signs at follow-up times ranging from 197 to 403 days post procedure. In one case, the direct application of the laser on the mass resulted in thermal necrosis of the submitted tissue and an open histopathological diagnosis. In the fourth case, VALE was unsuccessful due to an intimate adhesion of the mass with the tympanic bulla. This patient underwent total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy (TECALBO), which subsequently developed a deep surgical site infection and was revised. The patient experienced complete recovery at 232 days post TECALBO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VALE of aural masses using a Ho:YAG laser is a minimally invasive and effective treatment for aural masses in dogs in the medium term, providing an alternative to TECALBO in three out of four of our cases. Direct excision of the mass using a laser can cause thermal necrosis of the tissue, making histopathologic diagnosis more challenging. More studies are required to determine the contraindications of this technique and to better quantify the outcomes and complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2909-2914"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The identification of <i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> infection and therapeutic influence of fruit <i>Cordia myxa</i> and curcumin extracts on broiler chickens.","authors":"Raed Hussein Salih Rabee, Shurooq Asaad Abdulameer Shaher, Mohammed R Obaid, Adnan Mansour Jasim, Saadeya Ali Lefelef Al-Gnami","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.40","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i6.40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Salmonella enteritidis</i> is a major foodborne pathogen and affects the poultry industry as well.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to find out how well extracts of <i>Cordia myxa (C. myxa)</i> and curcumin protect chickens from S. enteritidis infection.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We bred 75 newly hatched Ros 308s after 10 days. The negative control was the only group that was not infected. The other four groups of broiler chicks in each group were infected by 1 × 107 cfu S. enteritidis 147, which is known to be resistant to nalidixic acid. Group 3 received a standard feed supplemented with curcumin at 400 mg/kg. Group 4 received a standard diet and 500 mg/kg of extract in drinking water. Lastly, Group 5 received a standard feed supplemented with 400 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of extract in drinking water.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obtained results showed that broilers that were infected with <i>S. enteritidis</i> and given curcumin and <i>C. myxia</i> did better in terms of body weight, IgG, and IgA levels than the positive untreated group. In particular, <i>C. myxia</i> was better than curcumin in IgA. Even though curcumin or mixed therapy raised glutathione, it also decreased the number of heterophils (heterophilia) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and TNF-α). This happened because the number of white blood cells and lymphocytes was reduced in the groups that got curcumin or <i>C. myxa</i>. The number of goblet cells also was raised. The intestinal villi stayed the same.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of <i>C. myxa</i> and curcumin inhibits the growth of <i>S. enteritidis</i>, provides antioxidants, reduces free radicals, and improves intestinal tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 6","pages":"2715-2721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12451138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}