Open Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of rabies in Côte d'Ivoire from 2020 to 2023.","authors":"Yacouba Kouassi Mamadou, Kallo Vessaly, Zobo Anicet Aristide, Sevidzem Silas Lendzele, Douyeri Thierry Ouattara, Acapovi-Yao Geneviève Lydie","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zoonotic diseases remain a major public health problem. In Côte d'Ivoire, rabies causes significant economic losses in human and animal populations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the prevalence and risk factors of animal rabies in Côte d'Ivoire.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retro-prospective study was conducted in which surveillance registers of the Directorate of Veterinary Services were consulted and information from 2020 to 2023 on rabies in different animal species was recorded and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 152 people were exposed to animal rabies. Of the 147 brain tissue samples obtained from various animal species suspected of rabies and sent to the Central Veterinary Laboratory of Bingerville (LANADA), viral examination of these samples using the direct immunofluorescence technique method showed that 111 samples were positive for rabies, representing an overall prevalence of 75.51% (95% CI: 67.74%-82.22%). The most affected animal species were dogs, with a prevalence of 74.83% (110/147) and a very low prevalence in cats [0.68% (1/147)]. The association between cases of rabies and risk factors showed that males [79.81% (83/104)] were more exposed to rabies than females [65.12% (28/43)]. Animals aged ≥ 36 months [79.75% (63/79)] had a higher risk of infection than their younger counterparts [70.59% (48/69)]. However, vaccinated animals had a lower risk of contracting rabies. Stray animals that had been in contact with rabies-infected counterparts had a higher risk of infection [˃90% (81/89)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is clear that this zoonosis remains a permanent public health threat to the population of Côte d'Ivoire, and it is important to implement a national epidemiological surveillance network to better manage this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1488-1494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression profiles of the Tau-associated genes <i>GSk3β</i>, <i>CAPN1</i>, and <i>CDK5R1</i> in the brain cortex of aged female cynomolgus monkeys with cognitive impairment.","authors":"Huda S Darusman, Lis Rosmanah, Sela S Mariya, Uus Saepuloh, Yuliana Yuliana, Jann Hau","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the buildup and aggregation of misfolded proteins in the brain, including amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau. The hyperphosphorylation state of Tau protein plays an important role in the development of AD. Our previous studies developed and characterized the cynomolgus monkey as a spontaneous animal model of AD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We demonstrated the validity of the model through experimental investigations of the relationship between cognitive decline and AD neuropathy. There is, however, little information about the expression of hyperphosphorylated tau-related genes in various brain areas in the cynomolgus monkey spontaneous AD model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, total RNA was extracted from archived cortex and hippocampus tissues from the brains of two groups of cynomolgus monkeys, adult (10-12 years old, <i>n</i> = 5) and aged (> 20 years old, <i>n</i> = 4). The expression of the tau-protein-associated genes kinase 3 beta, calpain 1, and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1 was evaluated using RT-qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of all three genes increased by up to fivefold in the cortical brain area of aged subjects compared with adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results add weight to the utility of cynomolgus macaques as a valid spontaneous model in translational preclinical research involving studies of the effect of aging on the formation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which causes AD-related lesions in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1150-1156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effects of garlic (<i>Allium sativum var. Solo Garlic</i>) extract mitigates piroxicam-induced liver damage and oxidative stress in rats.","authors":"Maya Nurwartanti Yunita, Hani Plumeriastuti, Bodhi Agustono, Moch Ilham Riza Fahlefi, Aprilia Rizki Fadilla, Ragil Ayu Pangastutie, Shelly Oktania Nurvita Sari, Muhammad Fikri Syamsuri, Muhammad Alivio Putra Fajar, Reina Puspita Rahmaniar, Aliar Rahman","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Piroxicam, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, is commonly used to induce inflammation in experimental models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Piroxicam can modulate the immune system and disrupt the mucosal barrier, leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of single-clove garlic (<i>Allium sativum var. solo garlic</i>) extract (SGE) on liver histopathological findings, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in white rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>) Wistar strain induced with piroxicam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used a completely randomized design with 30 male Wistar rats aged 2 months and weighing 150-200 g. The rats were divided into five groups: negative control (C), receiving CMC-Na 0,5% only; positive control (T0), receiving 20 mg/kgBW piroxicam; and three treatment groups, receiving 20 mg/kgBW piroxicam combined with 75 mg/kgBW (T1), 100 mg/kgBW (T2), or 125 mg/kgBW (T3) of SGE. Piroxicam was administered orally to induce inflammation, followed by SGE treatment for 14 days. Liver histopathological images were measured for damage repair using the scoring method. Superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a significant increase in SOD levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the treatment groups compared with the T0 (20 mg/kgBW piroxicam), with the T3 (125 mg/kgBW piroxicam) showing the most significant effect. Additionally, MDA levels were significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in all treatment groups, indicating a reduction in oxidative damage. Statistical analysis revealed a dose-dependent relationship between garlic extract administration and improvement in liver histopathological findings and oxidative stress markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGE is a potent antioxidant that reduces oxidative stress in a piroxicam-induced IBD model and contributes to good health. Further studies are needed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects and to optimize the therapeutic potential of IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1349-1357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal abscessation in dromedary camels: Clinical, ultrasonographic, hematobiochemical, and etiological investigations.","authors":"Mohamed Tharwat, Hazem M M Elmoghazy, Elhassan M A Saeed, Abdulrahman A Alkheraif","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although renal abscessation is rarely reported in dromedary camels, it is increasingly detected in this species.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate renal abscessation in camels with special emphasis on ultrasonographic findings and causative agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventeen diseased camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) were examined. In addition, 10 healthy camels were used as the control group. A jugular puncture was performed to collect blood in EDTA tubes and serum samples. The thorax and abdomen were examined via transcutaneous and transrectal ultrasound. A free-hand ultrasound-guided aspiration technique using a 14G × 170 mm spinal biopsy needle was used for aspiration of the renal lesion content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The signs of diseased camels included general gradual and/or progressive weakness, inappetence or anorexia, passage of dry feces, dysuria, bloody feces, lameness, bloody urine, and abdominal pain. Neutrophilic leukocytosis is the most significant hematological abnormality. Significant biochemical alterations included hyperproteinemia, azotemia, hyperglycemia, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity. Single or multiple renal abscesses were visualized sonographically compressing the renal parenchyma. Three abscesses measuring 5.2-15.0 cm were scanned in 2 camels; one affected the left and the other affected the right kidneys. In addition, two abscesses were imaged in 2 camels; both are affecting the left kidney. However, single abscesses measuring 3.6-14.0 cm in length were recorded in the remaining 13 camels; nine in the right and four in the left kidneys. The contents of the abscesses were hyperechogenic in 8 cases, hypoechoic in 4, isoechoic with hyperechoic foci in 3 cases, and heterogenous in 2. In 4 of the 17 diseased camels, hyperechoic urine and echogenic deposits were found within the urinary bladder. Bacteriological examination showed pure growth of <i>Staphylococcus lugdunensis</i> in 10 coagulase-negative isolates, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in 5 coagulase-positive isolates, and 2 unidentified <i>Staphylococcus</i> species.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sonography is extremely helpful for verifying renal abscesses and is a good guide for abscess aspiration in dromedary camels. The isolation of <i>S. lugdunensis</i> from camel renal abscessation in this study was significant because of the zoonotic nature of this organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1289-1303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of kecemcem leaves extract (<i>Spondias pinnata</i> (L.f.) Kurz) on LDL levels, cytokines, and microscopic liver changes in hyperlipidemic rat model.","authors":"Lia Cahya Sari, Nunuk Dyah Retno Lastuti, Theresia Indah Budhy, Yuliasih Yuliasih, Ni Luh Ayu Megasari, Indra Prastiwi Jamaluddin","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Modern lifestyle, which is characterized by a high-fat diet, increases the risk of hyperlipidemia, a primary trigger for cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Excessive fat consumption can trigger hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress, leading to inflammation and liver damage, which contributes to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Conventional cholesterol-lowering therapies are often expensive and come with side effects, making herbal alternatives such as kecemcem leaves a promising option. Kecemcem leaves extract contains flavonoids such as quercetin and catechin, which exhibit antioxidant properties, regulate lipid metabolism, and reduce inflammation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of kecemcem leaves extract [<i>Spondias pinnata</i> (L.f.) Kurz] in reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and its impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines [Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-10 (IL-10)], as well as liver histology in hyperlipidemic Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hyperlipidemia was induced through a high-fat diet for 16 weeks, after which the rats were administered kecemcem leaves extract at doses of 250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg body weight for 1 week. One week after the administration of kecemcem leaves extract, blood and liver samples were collected from all rats to measure LDL, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels, as well as to perform liver histological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kecemcem leaves extract significantly reduced LDL, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels while increasing IL-10 levels in hyperlipidemic rats, particularly at the 250 mg/kg body weight dose. In addition, there was an improvement in liver histology, as evidenced by decreased steatosis and hepatocyte ballooning. These effects are attributed to the flavonoid content in kecemcem, such as quercetin and catechins, which inhibit cholesterol synthesis, reduce oxidative stress, and decrease liver fat accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kecemcem leaves extract potentially reduced LDL, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels, increased IL-10 levels, and improved liver histology. This effect is supported by the flavonoid content of quercetin and catechin. Thus, kecemcem leaves extract has shown promising therapeutic effects in managing conditions related to hyperlipidemia and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1310-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissemination and phenotypic characterization of ESBL-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Indonesia.","authors":"Tati Ariyanti, Suhaemi Suhaemi, Sri Mulyati, Sukatma Sukatma, Sumirah Sumirah, Susan Maphilindawati Noor, Faidah Rachmawati, Prima Mei Widiyanti, Eddy Sukmawinata, Andriani Andriani, Eni Kusumaningtyas, Aswin Rafif Khairullah","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The alarming rise in infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> in animals and humans poses a serious threat due to its escalating antibiotic resistance. Unveiling this problematic bacteria's prevalence and resistance patterns in animals is crucial for formulating effective control strategies and safeguarding public health.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of three main genes: <i>bla</i>CTX-M, <i>bla</i>SHV, and <i>bla</i>TEM, in ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates from The Research Center for Veterinary Science and the National Research and Innovation Agency. Moreover, their resistance profiles against various antibiotics should be systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-seven <i>E. coli</i> isolates from the bacteriology laboratory of The Research Center for Veterinary Science were identified on MacConkey medium supplemented with cefotaxime. The isolates were verified for the existence of the <i>bla</i>CTX-M, <i>bla</i>SHV, and <i>bla</i>TEM genes using PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using antibiotic discs following the CLSI standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> in chicken ceca, eggs, and fish intestines was 16.5% (16/97). The specific genes detected were <i>bla</i>CTX-M gene at 93.75% (15/16), followed by the <i>bla</i>TEM gene, at 81.25% (13/16), and blaSHV at 25% (4/16). The antimicrobial sensitivity test results revealed that all ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates had multidrug resistance 81.25% to 1-5 antibiotics and 18.75% to 6-7 antibiotics. The isolate exhibited 100% resistance to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole, with exclusive sensitivity to chloramphenicol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dominant gene in the ESBL-producing isolates was <i>bla</i>CTX-M. This bacterium is completely resistant to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole, whereas it displays multidrug resistance to 1-7 different types of antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1340-1348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and serological incidences of <i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i> in pet dogs with urinary infections.","authors":"Hadaf Mahdi Kadhim, Ahlam Ali Soghi Al-Galebi, Mithal K A Al-Hassani, Hasanain A J Gharban","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Bordetella bronchiseptica</i> is an important bacterial pathogen that is linked primarily to canine infectious respiratory disease complex and rarely to other health issues, including urinary tract infections.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to molecularly identify <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> in the urine of diseased dogs with urinary infections and to document local isolates in NCBI. The serological prevalence of anti-<i>B. bronchiseptica</i> antibodies in the sera of the study dogs were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 129 pet dogs with urinary tract infections were attended to private clinics in Baghdad province (Iraq) and subjected aseptically to collection of fresh urine and venous blood. Molecular testing of urine samples was performed using the PCR assay, and positive DNA was sequenced, submitted to the NCBI database, and analyzed phylogenetically. Serological testing of sera was performed using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Targeting the <i>16S RNA</i> gene, PCR assay revealed that 13.92% of study dogs were positive. Phylogenetic analysis of study <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> isolates showed the presence of identity with global NCBI-BLAST Chinese <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> strain (NCBI-GenBank ID: MT411887.1) at 94.52%-99.66% as the range of similarity and 0.01%-0.0001% as the range of mutation/changes. Serologically, the prevalence rate of anti-<i>B. bronchiseptica</i> antibodies by ELISA was 32.91%; in which, the mild, moderate, and severe infections occurring in 53.85%, 34.62%, and 11.54% of cases, respectively. Subsequently, the ODs of mild, moderate, and severe seropositive ODs were 0.560 ± 0.011, 0.686 ± 0.009, and 0.769 ± 0.009, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed the prevalence of <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> in dogs by molecular testing of urine and serological examination of blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1397-1406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histomorphological evaluation of docetaxel effects on testes and epididymides in Wistar rats.","authors":"Muntadher Salman Ashour, Ashwaq Ahmed Hussein, Entekhab Hameed Abed Al-Shuwaili, Amer M Hussin, Harith Humadi Khalaf","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemotherapy drugs, such as Docetaxel, which are crucial for treating cancer, frequently cause unknowingly damage to healthy tissues.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the histomorphological effects of docetaxel chemotherapy on certain parameters in testes and epididymides.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>For this purpose, 24 Wistar Albino rats were divided randomly into one control group and three treatment groups. The treatment groups were administered 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of the drug. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The weights of the testes and epididymides were measured. The testicular and epididymal samples were subjected to histological analysis and were examined under a light microscope.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The results revealed that the dose of DX1 (2.5 mg/kg) of docetaxel had no adverse effect on the process of spermatogenesis; however, the highest doses of DX2 and DX3 penetrated the blood-testis barrier and disrupted the structural and functional system of spermatogenesis. The results of the present study indicate that the highest dose of docetaxel leads to adverse effects on testes, epididymides, and their fertility parameters. In addition, the testicular tissues of DX2 and DX3 displayed adverse histomorphological changes. The process of spermatogenesis was interrupted, and a progressive decrease in the height of the germinal epithelium was observed. On this basis, the weight of the testes and epididymides decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A dose of 2.5 mg/kg of Docetaxel was the drug of choice for chemotherapy. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of Docetaxel on male fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1140-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beta-defensin 126 (DEFB126) localization and expression in the sperms and male reproductive tract of the dromedary camel (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) during the rutting season.","authors":"Khalid M Al Khodair, Abdulkarem Al-Shabebi, Thnaian A Al-Thnaian, Osamah I M Alturki, A M Marwa-Babiker, Saeed Y Al-Ramadan, Abdelhay M Ali, Abdelrahman M A Elseory","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous plant and animal species have β-defensins, antimicrobial peptides involved in immunity and reproduction. Beta-defensin 126 (DEFB126) belongs to the β-defensin family and is a vital component of sperm function. It regulates the capacitation and sperm-egg interaction.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Clarify the expression of DEFB126 in the dromedary camel's sperm and reproductive tract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current work used immunohistochemical (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) methods to clarify the distribution and expression of DEFB126 in the sperm and male reproductive tract (MRT) of dromedary camels in the time of rutting. Samples of fresh and epididymal sperm, testicular, epididymis, ductus deferens, and male accessory gland tissues were obtained from 20 male camels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of IHC showed that the fresh and epididymal sperms had a positive immunoreaction to DEFB126 antibodies. Also, all parts of the testicles, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, and bulbourethral glands were positively stained to various degrees with a strong immunoreaction in the epididymal's tail. qRT-PCR results showed that expression levels of DEFB126 mRNA varied in the fresh and epididymal sperms and throughout all parts of the MRT; the tail of the epididymis had the most significant expression levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's results indicated that DEFB126 protein is expressed in the sperm and MRT of the dromedary camel, with the acrosomal cap of the sperm and the epididymis tail exhibiting the highest levels of expression. These findings imply that DEFB126 could be involved in the reproductive processes of sperm maturation, capacitation, and sperm-zona recognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1206-1216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical study and distribution of taste buds in the palatal organs of various types of local koi fish (<i>Cyprinus rubrofuscus</i>) in Indonesia.","authors":"Synthia Regita Noor Mahesti, Aris Haryanto, Krisna Noli Andrian, Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i3.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Koi fish (<i>Cyprinus rubrofuscus</i>), which are celebrated for their vibrant colors and cultural significance, are also valued in the ornamental fish industry. Despite extensive research on fish sensory biology, specific studies on taste buds in koi, especially among different ornamental varieties, are limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the anatomical structure and distribution of taste buds in the palatal organs of six popular koi varieties in Indonesia: Kohaku, Shiro, Showa, Sanke, Platinum, and Ogon.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighteen koi fish, three of each variety and aged 4-6 months, were examined using histological techniques and scanning electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although no macroscopic or histological differences were observed in the palatal organs across varieties, significant variation in taste bud density was noted. The Ogon variety exhibited the highest average taste bud density (23.95 ± 7.03), whereas the Shiro variety had the lowest (17.03 ± 5.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statistical analysis revealed that taste bud density significantly differed among varieties, with the Ogon variety having a notably higher density than the Shiro and Sanke. These findings suggest that selective breeding of ornamental traits may affect sensory function.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 3","pages":"1157-1165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}