Open Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Poop for thought: Can fecal microbiome transplantation improve cognitive function in aging dogs?","authors":"Curtis Wells Dewey","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is the dog version of human Alzheimer's disease (AD), and it has strikingly similar pathological features to those of this neurodegenerative disorder. The gastrointestinal system is in constant communication with the brain via several conduits collectively termed the gut-brain axis. The microbial population of the gut, referred to as the microbiota, has a profound effect on the interactions that occur along this communication route. Recent evidence suggests that dysbiosis, an abnormal gastrointestinal microbial population, is linked to cognitive impairment in rodent AD models and human AD. There is also evidence from rodent AD models that correcting dysbiosis by transferring fecal material from healthy donors to the gastrointestinal tracts of cognitively impaired recipients [fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT)] reverses AD-associated brain pathology and improves cognitive function. Although limited, some clinical reports have described the improvement of cognitive function with FMT in human AD. The goals of this review article are to provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in dysbiosis- associated cognitive decline and the role of FMT in therapy for such decline. The potential role of FMT in CCD is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"556-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of multidrug-resistant <i>Vibrio</i> species in fish in a reduction trial using lemon juice and sesame oil.","authors":"Alaa Eldin M A Morshdy, Ghada M Abd El Galil, Rasha M El Bayomi, Amer Al Ali, Rehab E Mohamed, Amany M Shosha, Wageh Sobhy Darwish","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Because of its high nutritional value, excellent taste, and ease of digestion, fish is one of the most popular foods. However, it also serves as a vehicle for various pathogenic microorganisms, particularly <i>Vibrio</i> species, which pose a risk to public health.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study targeted studying the prevalence of multidrug-resistant <i>Vibrio</i> species in three marine fish retailed in Egypt. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of lemon juice and sesame oil against <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> were screened.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For these reasons, this study assessed the prevalence of <i>Vibrio</i> species in marine fish (mullet, brush tooth lizard, and coral fish) that are sold in the local market of Zagazig, Egypt. Additionally, certain virulence factors were detected in the recovered <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the recovered <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> isolates was also screened. The antivibrio activities of lemon juice and sesame oil (1% and 2%) were additionally tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The acquired data showed that the prevalence of <i>Vibrio</i> species was 40% among the tested fish samples. <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> was isolated at 20.8%. <i>Vibrio fluvialis</i> (8.3%), <i>Vibrio Mimicus</i> (8.3%), and <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> (2.5%). The recovered isolates were highly resistant to cefazolin (87.5%), ampicillin (77.1%), cephalothin (68.75%), penicillin, and streptomycin (100%, each). Lemon juice and sesame oil had marked antibacterial activities against <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fish dipping in lemon juice and sesame oil was an effective way to lower the load of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> in fish. In addition, sanitary measures must be implemented to prevent microbial contamination in fish markets and aquatic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"680-689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of black cumin (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.) on the number of glial cells in white rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>) exposed to cigarette smoke.","authors":"Marita Wahyunengtiyas, Amirul Amalia, Widjiati Widjiati, Sunaryo Hadi Warsito, Kadek Rachmawati, Iwan Sahrial Hamid, Hani Plumeriastuti, Viski Fitri Hendrawan","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cigarette smoke is known to have harmful effects on the brain, particularly on glial cells, which play a crucial role in maintaining the health and functionality of the central nervous system. <i>Nigella sativa</i> (black cumin) has been reported to have neuroprotective properties, but its effects on glial cells in the cerebellum and cerebrum when exposed to cigarette smoke are not well understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the benefits of <i>N. sativa</i> on the number of glial cells in the cerebellum and cerebrum of white rats (<i>Rattus norvegicus</i>) exposed to cigarette smoke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty white rats weighing approximately 105 g were divided into five groups: K (control group, no exposure to cigarette smoke and without given <i>N. sativa</i>), K+ (exposed to cigarette smoke, 2 cigarettes/day, and 0.5% CMC), and three treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) exposed to cigarette smoke, 2 cigarettes/day, with <i>N. sativa</i> dosages of 300, 600, and 1200 mg/kg BW, respectively. The number of glial cells in the cerebellum and cerebrum was examined under a microscope at 400x magnification. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test, followed by the <i>post hoc</i> Duncan test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the number of glial cells in both the cerebellum and cerebrum between the control and treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The administration of <i>N. sativa</i>, particularly at a dosage of 1,200 mg/kg BW/day, significantly increased and maintained the number of glial cells in the cerebellum and cerebrum of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"709-713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effects of <i>Aloe vera</i> leaf extract and vitamin E on wound healing in <i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i> (Rabbits).","authors":"Anila Khan, Shakeeb Ullah, Faiqah Ramzan, Ata Ur Rehman, Saifur Rehman, Kholik Kholik, Akhmad Sukri, Muhammad Munawaroh, Teguh Hari Sucipto","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wound healing is a complex process involving inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. <i>Aloe vera</i> and vitamin E (Evion®) are well-known for their wound-healing properties because of their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and collagen-promoting effects.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy of <i>A. vera</i> leaf extract, vitamin E, and their combined application on wound healing in rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty male rabbits were divided into four groups: control (treated with saline), <i>A. Vera</i>, vitamin E, and combined (<i>A. Vera</i> + vitamin E). Full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsum of each rabbit, and treatments were applied daily for 14 days. Wound closure rates were measured on days 0, 4, 7, 10, and 14, followed by histopathological and biochemical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By day 14, the combined treatment group demonstrated the most significant wound closure, reducing the wound area by 75% compared with 50% in the <i>A. Vera</i> group, 55% in the vitamin E group, and 35% in the control group. Histopathological analysis showed near-complete re-epithelialization, dense granulation tissue, and enhanced collagen deposition in the combined treatment group. The biochemical results indicated that the hydroxyproline levels were highest in the combined group (6.0 mg/g tissue) and that the antioxidant enzyme activity was elevated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest a synergistic effect between <i>A. Vera</i> and vitamin E, leading to accelerated wound healing and improved tissue repair. The combination treatment has the potential to be a superior therapeutic approach for wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"700-708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrastructural and developmental anatomy of the peripheral olfactory organs of <i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i> inhabiting Egyptian Mediterranean water.","authors":"Sheren A Al-Zahaby, Al-Ahmady S Al-Zahaby, Radwa A Mohamed, Dyah Haryuningtyas Sawitri, Eman H Elsheikh","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Olfaction regulates animal behavior; hence, its organs are present early in fish development. Due to their aquatic lifestyle, fish use olfaction to communicate chemical signals during gustation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>In this study, we investigated the morphogenesis and ontogeny of the European seabass's (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>, Linnaeus, 1758) olfactory organ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the development of these organs in fries, fingerlings,juveniles, and adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both placodes were thickened and invaginated, generating simple olfactory pits with undifferentiated cells. The non-sensory and sensory olfactory cells (OC) emerged after the first day of hatching. In addition to occasional mucous goblet cells, ciliated receptor cells are more common than microvillous receptor cells. Long, thin, disordered kinocilium and small microvilli of ciliated and microvillous supporting cells cover some of the pit floor. The SEC- lined pit bottom deepens 45 days after hatching. Fries develop tube-shaped anterior incurrents and broader posterior excurrent nostrils by the 75th day post-hatching, along with a broad epidermal nasal bridge. In this stage and after fingerling formation at 90 days post-hatching, the bottom olfactory epithelium lining each chamber forms a multilamellar rosette of lamellae that radiates equally from the median raphe. Fully mature European seabass have 38-40 lamellae. The pseudostratified epithelia surrounding each lamella are sensory and nonsensory. The first one, scattered in islets between the second, has receptor (ciliated, microvillous, and rod-tipped) and supporting (ciliated and microvillar) cells, whereas the nonsensory epithelium has ciliated and microvillar supporting cells and masses of superficial epidermal cells. Goblet mucous cells and basal stem cells on the epithelium's basal lamina are abundant in nonsensory areas but rare in sensory parts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the functional specialization of OCs, reflecting the organ's pivotal role in chemical communication and environmental adaptation throughout the European seabass' development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"939-953"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biometrical parameters of internal female genitalia in western Libyan Barbary sheep.","authors":"Farg Aboashia, Fatma Alatrag, Aboulgasem Elmarimi, Abdalhalim Suaiee","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Libya, the Barbary sheep plays an important role as a source of meat and wool. Improving animal production requires knowledge and understanding of the female reproductive system.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the biometry of the female genitalia of the Barbary sheep of Libya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-seven apparently healthy, non-pregnant female Barbary sheep genitalia were collected immediately after slaughter from the slaughterhouse. Biometric parameters, including the length and width of the genital organs, were measured using a vernier caliper. The biometric data were studied in two groups: the estrous phase or active ovary group (<i>n</i> = 47) and the inactive ovary group (<i>n</i> = 50). The active ovary group was subdivided into follicular phase (<i>n</i> = 24) and luteal phase (<i>n</i> = 23) groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that different dimensions of the genital organs between the ewes in the follicular andluteal phases of the estrous cycle were significantly affected (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In the inactive ovary group, no significant (<i>p</i> > 0.05) difference was observed in the mean length and width of both the ovaries and uterine horns, whereas the right and left oviduct lengths were significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge of the biometric parameters of female genitalia would help in the identification of various organ abnormalities, diagnosis of pregnancy, and infertility treatment of Barbary sheep in Libya.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"640-645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal morphogenic and histogenic development of the kidney in rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>).","authors":"Mohamed Aref, Noha Ali Abd-Almotaleb, Eman H Elsheikh, Gamal A Salem, Mohamed A Nassan, Esraa Elsheikh","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rabbits are easily available and docile animals; thus, they are a promising model for medical research. White New Zealand rabbits are usually employed for research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the kidney's histological structure using rabbit embryos and fetuses at various stages of gestation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Morphogenesis and histogenesis of the kidney were assessed using Harris's hematoxylin and eosin staining at different gestational periods in rabbits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Around the 10th day of gestation, the intermediate mesoderm started to differentiate into kidney tissue. The first primitive form of the kidney was the pronephros, which consisted of pronephric tubules and ducts. Large mesonephroi occupied a large part of the abdominal cavity from the 13th day of gestation and persisted for several days. At 15th day of gestation, the permanent kidney, the metanephros, began its differentiation and then persevered until formation of the adult kidney tissue at 24th day of gestation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study clarified normal kidney histogenesis in rabbits; this would provide better understanding of kidney diseases aid in kidney transplant.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"738-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the mycotoxins of some fungi isolated from poultry feeds on the relative weight of the liver and gizzard of broiler chicks in different regions of Karbala, Iraq.","authors":"Zeinab A M Al-Tememe, Mustafa Hadi Hamid, Mohanad Fadhl Hussain Al-Musodi","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The spread of fungi in agricultural products in Iraq poses a great challenge to the productivity of meat broilers because of the contamination of most components of feed leeches at various ages, including poor storage. Fungi were isolated from wheat grains.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of the fungi associated with poultry feed on gizzard and liver relative weight in a number of breeding halls in Karbala, Iraq.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fungi were isolated from wheat grains brought from some poultry farming halls in Holy Karbala Province. Three random samples were taken for each site. The results were analyzed using complete randomized design, and means were compared using the least significant difference test. The results showed the appearance of <i>Aspergiulls niger</i> and <i>Aspergiulls flavus</i> with a frequency of 70% and 40%, respectively. The isolated fungi were diagnosed using approved taxonomic keys.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The chickens treated with the mycotoxin of A. <i>flavus</i> reached 0.95 g, while the <i>A. niger</i> gave a weight loss rate of 1.20 g, with a significant difference from the fungus <i>A. flavus</i>. The gizzard weight of chickens treated with the treatment recorded a significant difference of 1.34 and 0.96 g, respectively. Regarding the effect of mycotoxins on the relative level of the liver, the fungal poison of <i>A. flavus</i> recorded a weight of 2.36 g, while the fungus <i>A. niger</i> gave a weight loss rate of 2.51 g, a significant difference from the poison of <i>A. flavus</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results showed that spoilage of poultry feed, including wheat, caused by <i>A. niger</i> and <i>A. flavus</i> has a negative impact on poultry. <i>Aspergiulls niger and A. flavus</i> cause decreased liver and gizzard weight in meat birds as a result of treatment with mycotoxins.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"1050-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the hazards associated with poultry meat and its products using European rapid alert system for food and feed notifications from 2000 to 2022.","authors":"Fawzy Eissa, Ahmed Alfifi, Alaaeldin Mohamed Saad, Walaa Fathy SaadEldin, Heba A Baz, Wageh Sobhy Darwish","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The European Commission developed the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feeds (RASFF) as a monitoring and reporting tool for food safety risks and consumer protection among the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area member states.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the notifications of variable hazards on poultry meat and poultry meat products originating from global supply chains to the EU between 2000 and 2022 by analyzing notifications and alert incidences on the RASFF database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 4,134 notifications were evaluated and analyzed, such studies were reported by 32 countries due to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, residues of veterinary medicinal products, microbial contaminants, feed additives, and adulteration in addition to poor or insufficient controls from 48 countries worldwide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest number of notifications was for poultry meat and poultry meat products imported from Poland (<i>n</i> = 1,208; 29.22%) and Brazil (<i>n</i> = 975; 23.58%). Among all reported notifications, pathogenic microorganisms were the most predominant (<i>n</i> = 3,356; 81.18%) across the variable categories of hazards. <i>Salmonella</i> was the most notified pathogen (<i>n</i> = 3,170; 76.68%). According to notification type, alert represented (31.88%), followed by border rejection (21.89%), and based on risk decisions, the vast majority of cases (54.26%) were considered as serious. The main measures taken in response to notifications were withdrawal from the market (12.62%) and import not authorized (11.46%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results revealed that imported poultry meat and poultry meat products are potential vehicles for clinically relevant risks, including microbial and chemical hazards.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"983-993"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Neospora caninum</i> in goats from Iraq: A serological and molecular study.","authors":"Roqaya B Mohammed, Mansour J Ali","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Neospora caninum</i> is an Apicomplexa parasite that is an important abortive infectious agent in cattle, goats, and other domestic and wild animals.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to identify <i>N. caninum</i> using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in suspected goats in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted to identify <i>N. caninum</i> in blood and milk samples of 138 goats (92 blood and 46 milk samples) from suspected infected goats in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. Two techniques were used; ELISA and PCR (<i>NC5</i>-gene-based and partial sequencing), and the recorded data were categorized into age, sex, and region. Results: ELISA results revealed that the seroprevalence rates were 14.13% (13/92) in blood and 21.73% (10/46) in milk samples. The PCR results demonstrated that for the blood samples, 3/45 (6.66%) and 2/47 (4.25%) were positive for males and females, respectively. The PCR milk findings showed that the highest rates were 3/20 (15%) and 1/26 (3.84%) in the 2-4 and 4-6 age groups, respectively. Sequencing demonstrated close identities of the examined isolates to those from New Zealand and Australia for the blood and milk samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study reveal that <i>N. caninum</i> is widely distributed in goats, which could be an important source of zoonosis in the tested areas. The phylogenetic analysis shows a shared ancestor between the study isolates and those from New Zealand and Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"724-730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}