Open Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Anti-nephrotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficiency of <i>Nigella sativa</i> ethanolic extract against CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.","authors":"Barakat M Alrashdi, Mahmoud Ashry, Mousa O Germoush, Maged Fouda, Ibrahim Abdel-Farid, Diaa Massoud, Fayez Shaldoum, Ahmed E Abdel Moneim, Ali G Gadel-Rab, Mohamed Mahrous, Mohamed H A Gadelmawla, And Hussam Askar","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induces acute and chronic kidney damage alongside oxidative stress in rats.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study examines <i>Nigella sativa</i> ethanolic extract's (NEE) potential barriers against CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar albino male rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were acclimatized and randomly divided into four groups, each comprising 10 animals. The control group consisted of healthy rats; the second group received oral administration of 200 mg/kg NEE for six weeks; the third group received intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg twice weekly for six weeks; and the fourth group received both oral NEE and CCl4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicate that NEE significantly mitigated renal degeneration induced by CCl4, evidenced by notable reductions in creatinine, urea, urea nitrogen, uric acid, potassium, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, renal NO, MDA, and DNA fragmentation, coupled with substantial increases in kidney SOD, GPx, GSH, and CAT levels. Additionally, CD4, Albumin, Sodium, Calcium, Immunohistochemistry, and Histopathological analyses revealed marked regenerative effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, NEE exhibits anti-nephrotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, with a likely mediation by its antioxidant constituents. The radical scavenging activity, particularly the high phenolic content of its active component, suggests NEE's potential efficacy as a nephroprotective supplement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"402-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical insights on paratuberculosis in Arabian camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>): A review.","authors":"Mohamed Tharwat, Haytham Ali, Abdulrahman A Alkheraif","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a long-standing granulomatous infectious disease of both domesticated and wild ruminants. It is caused by <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP). This review emphasizes the clinical, hematobiochemical, sonographic, and pathologic findings as well as therapeutic and control measures in dromedary camels infected with PTB. The clinical signs include intermittent and/or chronic diarrhea, decreased milk yield, emaciation, submandibular edema, dehydration, irregular and weak rumen contractions, and abdominal pain. Hematological changes include leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and decreased erythrocytes, hematocrit percent, and hemoglobin concentration. Biochemical alterations included hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, hypomagnesemia, hypoglycemia, increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity, and increased concentration of magnesium and calcium. Sonographically, the intestinal wall is either mildly, moderately, or severely thickened along with mesenteric lymph nodes (LNs) enlargement. The LN capsule is either anechoic or echoic and the contents are either echogenic, anechoic, or heterogenous. Other sonographic findings include bright hepatic parenchyma, aggregation of echogenic materials separated with fluids among the intestines, and pleural and pericardial effusions. The typical pathological lesions are corrugation of the small intestinal mucosa, especially that of the ileum, and the colonic mucosa is folded. Mesenteric and ileocecal LNs are edematous, congested, and granular. Other necropsy findings include fatty liver and peritoneal, pericardial, and pleural effusions. Histologically, proliferative enteritis and lepromatous granulomas are detected. Clusters of acid-fast bacilli are usually found in the intestinal mucosa and lamina propria. Accurate diagnosis of PTB depends on the culture and identification of the causative organism MAP from tissue or feces. Herd screening is also performed through complement fixation, agar gel immunodiffusion, competitive-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, Ziehl-Neelsen staining of tissue or feces, histologic pattern of a granulomatous reaction, DNA probes, and polymerase chain reaction. A trial for the treatment of PTB in dromedary camels was carried out through IM injection of rifampin and streptomycin for 10 weeks. The diarrhea resolved within 1 week of treatment, and MAP disappeared from rectal scraping 5-9 weeks after treatment. In conclusion, early detection and eradication procedures of PTB should be more implemented for the control and prevention of PTB in dromedary camels. More research should be directed toward vaccination programs in those species.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantation of porcine amniotic epithelial cells model for myocardial infarction combined with cardiomyocyte therapy of pigs (<i>Sus scrofa domestica</i>).","authors":"Arni Diana Fitri, Deni Noviana, Gunanti Gunanti, Anita Esfandiari, Mawar Subangkit","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common heart disorder in patients with cardiovascular disease. Obstruction of blood flow to the heart causes ischemia and results in heart pump failure.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effects of porcine amniotic epithelial cell (pAEC)-based stem cell therapy alone and in combination with cardiomyocytes to understand its potential benefits in MI treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we conducted MI therapy using pluripotent stem cells derived from the amnion (AEC) implanted into the infarcted heart. Nine domestic pigs (<i>Sus scrofa domestica</i>), aged 3-4 months and weighing 35-40 kg, were used as models. The animal models were divided into three groups: the placebo MI group, the MI group treated with pAEC stem cells, and the MI group treated with amniotic epithelial stem cells combined with cardiomyocyte cells. Electrocardiography (ECG), pulsed wave (PW) Doppler, and biomarker examinations were performed to evaluate the effects of stem cell intervention on MI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single pAEC stem cell therapy and its combination with cardiomyocytes in MI lesions demonstrated improvements in VTI, particularly renal artery, mitral, and tricuspid valve compared to untreated infarction (placebo). Notably, single pAEC therapy significantly improved more than combining them with cardiomyocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment with AEC stem cells alone resulted in more significant improvements in heart valve function and large blood vessels compared to combining AEC with cardiomyocytes. This study allowed us to understand better the effects of stem cell therapy on blood hemodynamics and biomarker parameters of heart injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"98-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitation of chronic pain and enhanced healing in feline femoral surgery: A case report on laser therapy.","authors":"Dženita Hadžijunuzović Alagić, Kenan Baltić, Sabina Kolašinac, Nejra Hadžimusić","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic pain and delayed bone healing are significant challenges in veterinary rehabilitation following orthopedic surgeries in cats. These issues necessitate advanced modalities for effective management. Laser therapy (LT), also known as photobiomodulation, has shown promise in promoting tissue repair and alleviating pain but remains underused in feline cases. This case report aims to evaluate the efficacy of LT in managing chronic pain and enhancing bone healing in a cat following femoral surgery complicated by orthopedic implant failure.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 7-year-old cat presented with persistent lameness and discomfort 3 years post-femoral fracture surgery. Despite initial surgical stabilization, chronic pain and restricted mobility persisted, leading to implant removal. After surgery, the cat underwent 25 sessions of LT using an 810-nm infrared semiconductor laser at a dosage of 6 J. Treatment sessions were conducted over 2 months, beginning 4 days post-surgery. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed to assess therapeutic outcomes. The cat demonstrated marked improvement in weight-bearing and mobility, with reduced signs of pain. Radiographic imaging revealed significant bone remodeling and consolidation. The owner reported enhanced activity levels and overall quality of life for the cat. These findings suggest that LT effectively facilitated bone healing and chronic pain relief in this case.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LT proved to be a valuable component of multimodal rehabilitation in this feline patient, addressing both chronic pain and delayed bone healing. This case underscores the importance of integrating advanced therapeutic modalities into veterinary practice, particularly for complex orthopedic cases. Further research is recommended to validate these findings in larger, controlled studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"471-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the morphology of <i>Eimeria</i> spp. in beef cattle in Bandung Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia.","authors":"Fathur Rohman Haryadi, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo, Dwi Priyowidodo, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto, Fitrine Ekawasti, Vika Ichsania Ninditya","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Eimeria</i> spp. include endoparasites that can infect the digestive tract of cattle. Coccidiosis can reduce productivity, cause economic losses, increase susceptibility to other diseases, and even cause death; therefore, the urgency of the government's role in giving special attention to this case. A high potential case was found in farms with poor livestock management systems. Coccidiosis often does not show clinical symptoms; therefore, breeders and veterinarians have difficulty recognizing early symptoms in the field.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of the research is to identify and characterize the morphology of <i>Eimeria</i> spp.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fresh fecal samples were obtained from 106 beef cattle from Bandung Regency. Examination of fecal samples using the floating method with saturated sugar. The shape of the oocyst was observed using an Optilab microscope and oocyst measurements were performed using Image Raster software.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The examination results showed that 51 stool samples out of the 106 samples tested positive for <i>Eimeria</i> spp. The samples revealed eight different species of <i>Eimeria</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eight <i>Eimeria</i> spp. were identified from the samples taken from the Bandung regency and they were <i>Eimeria bovis, Eimeria zuernii, Eimeria alabamensis, Eimeria cylindrica, Eimeria auburnensis, Eimeria.wyomingensis, Eimeria pellita, Eimeria canadensis</i>. The prevalence of beef cattle coccidiosis in Bandung Regency was 48.11%. Morphological determination can be used to diagnose <i>Eimeria</i> spp. based on shape, size, shape index, and characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary study on physiological dynamism of various serum cardiac biomarkers in apparently healthy Sipli sheep of Pakistan.","authors":"Madiha Sharif, Mushtaq Hussain Lashari, Umer Farooq, Musadiq Idris, Aisha Mahmood, Musarrat Abbas Khan","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.40","DOIUrl":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For sheep in tropical/subtropical areas of the world, the reported mortality and morbidity rate regarding cardiomyopathies is quite low (1%-2%), yet it has been elucidated that many sheep slaughtered for meat purposes in Pakistan have enlarged hearts with underlying cardiac abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present preliminary work is the first record of deducing normal reference intervals (RIs) for various serum cardiac biomarkers namely cardiac troponin I (cTnI), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), and total protein (TP), and their interrelationship in apparently healthy indigenous Sipli breed of sheep (<i>n</i> = 141) from Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Apropos to aseptic blood collection and serum extraction, the attributes were deduced using commercially available kits. For the sake of analyses, the studied biomarkers were attributed as independent (Na⁺, K⁺, and TP) and dependent (LDH, ALT, AST, cTnI, and CK-MB) variables. The RIs were determined through Reference Value Advisor Version 2.1 as <i>per</i> gender and age keeping in view the guidelines provided by the American Society of Veterinary Pathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RIs for cardiac serum biomarkers included in the present study were generally within the reference range provided for sheep with slight variations which might be attributed to physiological adaptation to harsh desert climate. The Na⁺ significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) predicted AST (adj. <i>r</i>-square = 0.976, 97% probability) and CK-MB (adj. <i>r</i>-square = 0.477, 47% probability). Similarly, K⁺ significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) predicted LDH (adj. <i>r</i>-square = 0.626, 62% probability) and ALT (adj. <i>r</i>-square = 0.897, 89% probability). The TP had the highest adjusted <i>r</i>-square of 0.770 (77% probability) with AST; however, it was statistically non-significant (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study present baseline data about these cardiac biomarkers which may be utilized for cardiac assessment of the sheep. It is recommended that the serum cardiac biomarkers ascertained in this study be studied in perspective to electrophysiology and ultrasonography of sheep heart for confirmed diagnosis/prognosis of cardiomyopathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"446-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal helminths infection of Reithrodontomys mexicanus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from a Suburban Area in Medellín, Colombia.","authors":"Horwald A B Llano, Itzel López Aguilar, Natalia Granda Orozco, Laura Gutiérrez Giraldo, Gloria Sánchez Zapata, Daisy Gómez Ruíz","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal parasites associated with small wild rodents in Colombia remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to identify the intestinal helminths of <i>Reithrodontomys mexicanus,</i> a common wild rodent species, in rural areas of Medellín, Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between June and December 2022, 31 individuals were captured and sex-classified. Fecal samples underwent flotation and sedimentation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall helminth prevalence in <i>R. mexicanus</i> was 67.7% (21/31). Identified helminth egg morphotypes included: Ascarid (types 1 and 2), Dicrocoeliidae-like (types 1 and 2), <i>Physaloptera</i> sp., <i>Strongyloides</i> sp., <i>Trichuris</i> sp., and two unidentified nematode eggs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals that <i>R. mexicanus</i> hosts a diverse range of parasites, including those with significant public health implications such as <i>Ascaris</i> spp., <i>Dicrocoelium</i> spp., and <i>Trichuris</i> spp. Our findings contribute to the understanding of wild rodent helminth fauna in South America and provide the first documentation of parasites in <i>R. mexicanus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"465-470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a feed supplement containing probiotics on fecal score and clinical parameters in dogs with chronic kidney disease and intestinal disorders: A pilot study.","authors":"Francesca Perondi, Ilaria Lippi, Natascia Bruni, Nicolò Lonigro, And Elisa Martello","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs is often accompanied by dysbiosis and abnormal gut microbiota composition, leading to gastrointestinal issues. Probiotics, including <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, and <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, have shown promise in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota in both healthy and CKD animals.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This pilot double-blinded, randomized controlled study aimed to assess the effects of a feed supplement containing these probiotics on clinical parameters and fecal consistency in dogs with CKD and intestinal disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight dogs with CKD were randomly assigned to receive the supplement (TRT, <i>n</i> = 4) or placebo (CTR, <i>n</i> = 4) alongside a renal commercial complete dietetic feed and another supplement specific for CKD for 50 days. Clinical parameters, such as body condition score and fecal score, were regularly monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dogs in the TRT group exhibited improvements in fecal consistency and clinical parameters compared with the CTR group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The feed supplement under investigation seems beneficial for improving clinical conditions, gut health, and stool quality in dogs with CKD. Future studies with larger sample sizes and microbiota analyses are needed to gain a better understanding of the potential benefits of this supplement in managing CKD in dogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"307-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the morphological and molecular profile of Setaria digitata in Aceh cattle.","authors":"Teuku Zahrial Helmi, Farida Farida, Aisyah Kasturi, Ella Prisa Lusisia Rahmah, Winaruddin Winaruddin, Muhammad Hanafiah","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The <i>Setaria</i> nematode, classified within the order <i>Spirurida</i> and family <i>Setariidae</i>, has predilection in the peritoneal cavity of its host, with mosquitoes acting as vectors for transmitting microfilariae to cattle, its primary host.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigates the morphology and molecular characteristics of <i>Setaria digitata</i> in Aceh cattle and evaluates the effectiveness of three staining solutions lactophenol, glycerol, and lugol 2% for visualizing adult worms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 124 blood serum and adult worm samples were collected from Aceh cattle at slaughterhouses in Banda Aceh and Bireuen. Microfilariae detection was conducted using the Knott test, while worm morphology was assessed via polymerase chain reaction amplification of the 12S rDNA and cox1 genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each staining solution enhanced worm morphology visualization with varying benefits. The Lugol 2% solution offered a complete view of morphology but lacked detail for internal structures. Lactophenol improved the visibility of both morphology and internal organs, though sample integrity declined quickly. Glycerol displayed both the morphology and internal structures with clarity, making it the most effective option overall. Molecular amplification results showed a 450 bp band for the 12S rDNA gene and a 680 bp band for the cox1 gene in <i>S. digitata</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Glycerol proved superior for maintaining morphology and visualizing the internal structures of <i>S. digitata</i>. Molecular profiling using the 12S rDNA and cox1 genes effectively confirmed the identity of <i>S. digitata</i>, underscoring the value of these genetic markers for species identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"187-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined extracts of <i>Curcuma longa</i> and <i>Curcuma zedoaria</i> ameliorates cisplatin-induced kidney damage in rats.","authors":"Putri Reno Intan, Sukmayati Alegantina, Hidayatul Fajri, Fitrine Ekawasti, Ani Isnawati, Lisa Andriani Lienggonegoro, Uly Alfi Nikmah, Sunarno Sunarno, Sela Septima Mariya, Lina Noviyanti Sutardi, Agus Setiyono, Ekowati Handharyani","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v15.i1.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cisplatin (CIS) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug. However, it is associated with various side effects, including kidney damage, due to its nephrotoxic properties.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the renoprotective potential of the combined extract of <i>Curcuma longa</i> and <i>Curcuma zedoaria</i> in reducing nephrotoxicity by examining its effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), KIM-1, and caspase-3 levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five rats were divided into normal control groups (NS), CIS control groups, and three treatment groups that received doses of the combined extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg (CUR100, CUR200, and CUR400), respectively, on day 1-20. All groups, except the NS group (receiving normal saline i.p.), received intraperitoneal CIS (1 mg/kg) on days 7 and 14 of the 20-day extract treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the rats in the CIS group, rats given the combined extract had a considerable gain in body weight and decreased TNF-α, KIM-1, and caspase-3 expression levels. Histopathological examination revealed that the extract group experienced less kidney damage than the CIS group. The combined extract, administered at 200 mg/kg, exerted the most apparent protective effect, decreasing renal TNF-α, KIM-1, and caspase 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined extract of <i>C. longa</i> and <i>C. zedoaria</i> has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for reducing nephrotoxicity by suppressing TNF-α, KIM-1, and caspase-3 levels. Further research is required to determine the potential of this combination therapy in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"428-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}