Open Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Molecular detection of coronavirus in camelids and bovines using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in Wasit Province, Iraq.","authors":"Ibrahim Hasan Madhloom, Rasha Munther Othman, Hussein Ali Mohammed Al-Bayati","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a diverse group of RNA viruses that cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in humans and animals. Over the past two decades, outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) have affected animal populations, especially in regions with close animal-human interactions, such as the Arabian Peninsula and Iraq. Given the potential for zoonotic transmission, understanding the prevalence and spread of CoVs among livestock is essential for managing potential risks to animal and human health.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MERS-CoV in camels and BCoV in bovines within the Wasit Governorate of Iraq to assess the infection rates and potential interspecies transmission risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and fifty nasal swab samples (75 from camels and 75 from bovines) were collected between November 2022 and April 2023. The samples were analyzed for the presence of MERS-CoV and BCoV using real- time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) targeting the nucleocapsid (N) gene for each virus. Standard procedures for RNA extraction were followed, and qRT-PCR assays were conducted using specific primers to ensure high sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MERS-CoV was present in (42%) of the camel samples, whereas BCoV was detected in (34%) of the bovine samples. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in infection rates between camels and bovines, with a higher prevalence observed in camels. The clinical signs observed in infected camels included fever, nasal discharge, and appetite loss, whereas infected bovines exhibited symptoms such as diarrhea and respiratory distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of MERS-CoV and BCoV in camels and bovines in the Wasit region indicates a substantial risk for the continued spread of these viruses within animal populations. These findings underscore the importance of surveillance and biosecurity measures to control the spread of coronavirus among livestock, potentially reducing zoonotic transmission risks. Further research is required to understand the transmission dynamics of CoVs in mixed livestock farming systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"765-773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementation of microbiota inoculum and single clove garlic extract on growth performance, egg quality, reproductive organ, and hematological trait in laying quail.","authors":"Bodhi Agustono, Maya Nurwartanti Yunita, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari, Sunaryo Hadi Warsito, Tabita Dameria Marbun, Sarasati Windria","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several alternative feed additives to replace AGP to maintain good quail performance include the use of probiotics and herbal extracts.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>In this study, the researchers want to find out the best dosage of microbiota inoculum as probiotics (<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium,</i> and <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>), single garlic extract (<i>Allium Sativum L</i>), and combination groups to improve laying quail egg production, hematology profile (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, and platelets), and reproductive organs in terms of length and weight and have better egg quality on the internal (Haugh units, yolk score, albumin index, yolk index) and external (shell thickness, egg weight) while laying phase of laying quail.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 4-week-old laying quails of uniform body weight were randomly distributed into five treatments with four replicates each and five quails in each replicate. There were 5 treatment groups: T0 quails were given basal feed; T1 quails were given basal feed and drinking water added with probiotics at a dose of 4 ml/l; T2 quails were given feed added with a single garlic extract at a dose of 2 ml/g and ordinary drinking water; T3 quails were given feed with a single garlic extract at a dose of 2 ml/g and drinking water supplemented with probiotics at a dose of 4 ml/l; and T4 quails were given a single garlic extract at a dose of 1 ml/g and drinking water supplemented with probiotics at a dose of 2 ml/l. The study investigated the effects of microbiota inoculum, including probiotics, garlic extract, and a control group, on reproductive organ morphologies in chickens. Results showed significant improvements in weight vagina, uterus, oviduct, ovarium, weight cloaca, growth performance, body weight, egg production, internal egg quality, yolk color score, yolk index, albumin index, external egg quality, Haugh unit, egg height, shape index, egg cell weight, and egg cell thickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of erythrocytes was significantly higher in the chickens treated with the microbiota inoculum compared to the control group. Hemoglobin levels were not significant in all treatments, but hematocrit levels were significant in the chickens treated with the microbiota inoculum. Leukocytes were also significantly higher in the chickens treated with the microbiota inoculum compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of a combination of microbiota inoculum in drinking water and garlic extract in feed has been proven to be effective in reducing feed consumption, maintaining hematology, increasing reproductive organs, and boosting the number of laying quail productions, thereby reducing feed conversion ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"690-699"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation on clinicopathological alterations in Barki sheep with Mange.","authors":"Asmaa A Darwish","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovine mange is a highly transmissible skin condition that typically results in significant economiclosses.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This research explored the clinicopathological alterations associated with mange in Barki sheep and evaluated the impact of integrating probiotics (ZAD) into the treatment protocol. Additionally, the study proposed diagnostic markers and indicators for assessing treatment prognosis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty healthy lambs [control group (CG)] and 20 lambs suffered from mange symptoms (confirmed by skin scrapings) in the diseased group (DG). DG was divided into two groups: the traditional group (TG) was injected once with 1 ml/50 kg ivermectin 1% (Promectine, Invesa) subcutaneously injected + topical Zinc ointment, and the ZAD Group (ZG): received the same treatment + 5 ml/ head of ZAD orally, repeated daily for 3 weeks. Skin scraping was repeated weekly until complete curing in both groups. Blood samples were collected from CG, DG (before treatment), and TG and ZG (after recovery).</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>DG (compared to CG) showed a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) innate immune response with hypercortisolemia and hypoinsulinemia, microcytic hypochromic anemia with leukocytosis and lymphocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, hyperlipidemia, elevated liver and kidney function tests, decreased minerals and electrolytes, and hypozincemia. After treatment, the clinical symptoms and lesions completely recovered, and most of the estimated parameters reobtain their physiological ranges in TG and ZG on the 21st day. ZAD did not significantly impact the recovery or regression of lesions, but it markedly improved the diseased animals body weights and serum glucose in ZG (compared to CG and TG). Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and ferritin had the highest likelihood ratios among the estimated markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ovine scabies can lead to systemic and clinicopathological changes, necessitating careful monitoring and intervention. Adding ZAD to the treatment of mangy sheep might help enhance their body weights and serum glucose levels, but it does not affect the healing or reduction of lesions. TAC and IL-1β serve as dependable indicators for diagnosing ovine scabies, whereas TAC and ferritin are valuable for evaluating treatment effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"901-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in subclinical bovine mastitis: Prevalence and innovative treatment with <i>Moringa oleifera</i> and Selenium nanoparticles.","authors":"Mayada A M Abou Zeid, Lamiaa Okasha, Yamen Hegazy, Mohamed Abdelmegeid","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine subclinical mastitis is a significant disease that significantly impacts the health of dairy cows and subsequently affects milk production. Among the various causes of subclinical mastitis, bacterial infections, particularly <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus),</i> play a crucial role.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this investigation was to isolate and identify <i>S. aureus</i> strains from cows with subclinical mastitis, assess their antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, and investigate the potential antibacterial activity of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> ethanolic extract and Selenium (Se) nanoparticles against both somatic cell count (SCC) and <i>S. aureus</i> count in subclinical mastitic cows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 110 milk samples from dairy cows with subclinical mastitis in the Kafrelsheikh governorate before treatment with intramammary antibiotics. Samples were identified using pH detection, SCC at ≤200,000 cells/ ml, and California Mastitis Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effect of <i>M. oleifera</i> ethanolic extract, Se nanoparticles, and Ciprofloxacin antibiotic in reducing SCC and <i>S. aureus</i> counts was significant. Selenium nanoparticles and Ciprofloxacin antibiotics showed the highest reduction in the <i>S. aureus</i> count, comparable to <i>M. oleifera</i> ethanolic extract, while ciprofloxacin followed by <i>M. oleifera</i> ethanolic extract, and Selenium nanoparticles were effective against somatic cell count.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes the widespread occurrence of <i>S. aureus</i> in subclinical bovine mastitis and highlights the potential of <i>M. oleifera</i> ethanolic extract and Se nanoparticles as promising treatment options. Selenium nanoparticles demonstrated notable antibacterial effects against <i>S. aureus</i> and contributed to a reduction in somatic cell counts. Considering these findings, we propose additional studies on the potential of Selenium nanoparticles as antibacterial agents, as they demonstrate effectiveness in preventing and managing <i>S. aureus</i> subclinical mastitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"835-846"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential toxic elements in edible shrimp and other edible parts: A health risk assessment.","authors":"Saad Ibrahim Al-Sultan, Sabry Mohamed El-Bahr, Wageh Sobhy Darwish, Ahmed M A Meligy, Mahmoud El Sebaei, Mahmoud H A Mohamed, Ayman Megahed, Radwa Rasheed Elzawahry","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pollutant pollution caused by heavy metals is considered a significant problem worldwide. Consuming food, drinking water, and breathing in air are the primary routes through which heavy metals enter the human body. Shellfish are a source of heavy metals for humans, despite being a significant source of protein derived from animals, vitamins, and trace minerals. The influence of seasons on the heavy metal burden in shellfish has received less attention than it should have.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this research was to determine the levels of harmful metal residues, including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As), present in the edible parts of crab and shrimp intended for human consumption. A risk evaluation for human health was also computed, in addition to the predicted daily intakes that were calculated.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A collection of crab and shrimp samples was made near the coasts of the Red Sea in Suez city, Egypt, throughout the winter and summer seasons. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) was used to detect heavy metals such as lead and cadmium, while cold vapor AAS was used to measure arsenic and mercury. Additional computations were made regarding daily intakes as well as potential hazards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of this research indicated that the toxic elements lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury were present in the edible tissues of shrimp and crab samples that were collected from Egypt. Compared with shrimp, crabs in particular displayed larger levels of these components in their bodies. When the samples collected in the summer were compared with those obtained in the winter, it was found that the heavy metal burden in the samples was much higher in the winter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When the potential health hazards associated with consuming such shellfish were estimated, it is possible that the Egyptian population was put in danger due to the presence of harmful metals. Therefore, it is suggested that you reduce the amount of crab and shrimp that you consume on a daily basis, particularly during winter.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"1024-1031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mitigating effect of dietary β-glucan against fipronil-induced intoxication in Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>): Histopathological, immunological, hematological, and biochemical analysis.","authors":"Fawiziah Khalaf Alharbi","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to its remarkable effectiveness against a wide range of pests and insects at very low concentrations, the broad-spectrum fipronil pesticide is currently gaining popularity in the agricultural, public health, and international industries. However, the stressor effects of fipronil insecticides cause ecological disruption, growth retardation, immunosuppression, and higher fish mortality rates. Both animals and humans have demonstrated the effectiveness of prebiotics such as β-1,3-glucan in their diets. Aquaculture has recently increased in use because of its potential to control diseases, compete with environmental stresses, and promote fish growth.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The goal of this study was to determine how dietary β-1,3-glucan can protect Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>)fish from fipronil's harmful effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomly divided 240 fish into four equal groups. As a control, the first group (G1) was fed a standard diet. A 0.1% dose of -1, 3-glucan was added to G2. Fipronil was added to G3 at a concentration of 2.8 mg/l (1/10 96 h LC50). At the indicated concentrations, G4 was combined with β-1, 3-glucan, and fipronil. Alterations in vital signs, metabolic profiles, immunological responses, blood counts, and any histological abnormalities in the liver or spleen of the fish were investigated and recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fipronil-exposed group exhibited slow mobility, respiratory discomfort, and increased mucus secretion. Several blood markers, like immunoglobulin M and lysozyme, were found to be significantly lower. On the other hand, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, and cortisol in the serum were significantly higher. Liver histopathology revealed hemorrhagic blood vessels, steatosis in hepatocytes, hydropic degeneration, and widespread necrosis. Furthermore, we noted serious splenic parenchymal necrosis, hemorrhagic red pulp, white pulp depletion, and hemosiderosis. Histological changes were slowed by G4, which had β-1,3-glucan and fipronil. Moreover, it increases blood markers and physical activity levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results show that β-1,3-glucan is an effective dietary supplement for Nile tilapia, and it improves their health, increases their immunity, and neutralizes fipronil contaminants in fish farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"965-976"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of common Myna, <i>Acridotheres tristis</i> (Linnaeus, 1766) in Libya.","authors":"Khaled Salem Etayeb, Housameddin M Elkrew","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive or alien species are organisms that exist outside their natural habitat, including plants and animals. They are considered as one of the greatest threats to native biodiversity. The common Myna (<i>Acridotheres tristis</i>) (Linnaeus, 1766) is considered one of the most dangerous invasive or alien species. It is a carnivorous, ferocious, and strong competitor species that can mimic different voices.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A pair of Mynas was observed in the Ain Zara region in Tripoli on June 19, 2024, among the houses in the area. Some locals confirmed that there is a group gathering in a garbage place near houses in the same area.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The spread of invasive species remains a major threat to native biodiversity, especially the common Myna. However, it poses a threat to birds in Libya if the necessary measures are not taken to control their spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"1064-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of CA1, CA3, and DG areas of the hippocampus, substance-P, and brain-derived neurotrophic factors expression in the presence of <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> Linn on the brain of the rat model Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Made Bagus Auriva Mataram, Ulayatul Kustiati, Hevi Wihadmadyatami, Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, Siti Isrina Oktavia Salasia, Dwi Liliek Kusindarta","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological condition characterized by impaired cognitive dysfunction and abnormal behavior. Thirty-five million individuals worldwide suffer from dementia, making it the most frequent cause of dementia. Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) affects 28% of dogs aged 11-12 years. It is a prevalent disease in canines. Amyloid-β peptides accumulate neurotoxicity, resulting in problems in the central nervous system and neurotransmitters. Treatments for both AD and CCD have not yet shown acceptable outcomes. It is crucial to comprehend disease mechanisms and identify novel therapeutics using animal models.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Using a rat model of AD, this study attempted to determine the effects of an ethanolic extract from <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> on the number and shape of neurons in the CA1, CA3, and DG sections of the hippocampus along with the expression of neurotrophic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The animal model will be split into five treatment groups, one of which will be a control group. The treatments will be administered for 14, 21, and 28 days, and samples will be analyzed by BDNF by ELISA, SP expression by immunohistochemical staining, and the number of neurons in CA1, CA3, and DG using cresyl violet staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of the study revealed increased neuronal density in the CA1, CA3, and DG regions, and these neurons were more highly expressed in the neurotrophic factor BDNF and neuropeptide SP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By upregulating the expression of SP and BDNF, the ethanolic extract of <i>O. sanctum</i> increased the neuronal counts (pyramidal and granular cells) in the hippocampal CA1, CA3, and DG regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"630-639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine obesity, overweight, and adipokine serum concentration are associated with hematological, biochemical, hormonal, and cardiovascular markers.","authors":"Adrián Carzoli, Ana Meikle, Paula Pessina","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine obesity is an increasingly concerning issue that negatively impacts dogs' health, quality of life, and lifespan.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the adipokine profiles of overweight (OW) and obese (OB) dogs and their associations with various hematological, biochemical, hormonal, and cardiovascular markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 84 dogs were classified according to their body condition scores as normal weight (NW), OW, or OB, and were subsequently subjected to blood pressure measurement, blood testing, and urine sampling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that OB dogs had higher serum concentrations of leptin and resistin while exhibiting lower levels of adiponectin when compared to NW dogs. Additionally, they showed higher systolic blood pressure. Serum creatinine levels were lower in OB dogs, and urinary specific gravity was reduced in both OW and OB dogs compared to their NW counterparts. Furthermore, total leukocyte counts and neutrophil counts were elevated in OW and OB dogs. The study also found that serum insulin levels were positively correlated with triglycerides, cholesterol, and C-reactive protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Canine obesity is reflected in altered adipokine concentrations and is associated with insulin resistance, as well as changes in renal function, protein metabolism, and hematological markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"619-629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of 3D printed low-cost models for veterinary clinical skills training.","authors":"Nedžad Hadžiomerović, Amila Šunje-Rizvan, Alan Maksimović, Lejla Šatrović, Faruk Tandir","doi":"10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-dimensional printing is used in veterinary medicine to produce precise physical models for education, research, and training. As simulation-based approaches in veterinary education continually improve, we are exploring the applicability of three dimensional (3D) printing technology for this purpose.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of student satisfaction, motivation, and confidence with the introduction of 3D-printed models in veterinary clinical training.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 57 students from the University of Sarajevo-Veterinary Faculty were included in the study. The groups were created according to the previous clinical training: third-year students with dominant observational and little active participation, fourth-year students with modest active participation, and fifth-year students with high prominent active participation in the clinical work. The students attended the theoretical review and practical presentation prior to their work on 3D printing models. Upon completion of the activity, students were given a survey that included questions divided into four categories: general satisfaction, comparison with traditional teaching methods, interactivity and practical application, and technical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students exhibited a positive attitude toward the use of the three dimensional printing (3DP) models as clinical simulators. This innovative approach could reduce stress when transitioning to work with live animals while enhancing interest in clinical work.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The significant benefits of the 3DP include enhanced durability, low production costs, and a significant reduction in the number of cadavers needed for educational purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19531,"journal":{"name":"Open Veterinary Journal","volume":"15 2","pages":"863-870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}