Oncology最新文献

{"title":"The Utility of the New Category by Number of Stations for Lymph Nodal Involvement in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Nozomu Motono, Takaki Mizoguchi, Masahito Ishikawa, Shun Iwai, Yoshihito Iijima, Hidetaka Uramoto","doi":"10.1159/000545002","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the ninth edition of the TNM staging system, the new nodal involvement (N) subcategories to N2 for single-station involvement (N2a) and multiple-station involvement (N2b) have been adopted. Although there are significant differences in survival rates for each group of pN categories in the ninth edition, it can be assumed that survival rates in pN1 and pN2a are relatively similar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated the utility of the new category by number of stations such as none, single station, and multiple station for pN in 1,000 NSCLC patients treated by pulmonary resection.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Survival rates were significantly different among none, single station, and multiple station (5-year RFS: none: 79.6%, single station: 47.3%, multiple station: 24.2%, all groups, p < 0.01; 8-year OS: none: 78.7%, single station: 65.2%, multiple station: 33.6%, all groups, p < 0.01). There were significant differences among each group categorized by number of pN station in multivariate analysis for RFS (none vs. single station: p < 0.01, none vs. multiple station: p < 0.01, single station vs. multiple station: p < 0.01). There were significant differences among each group categorized by number of pN station in multivariate analysis for OS (none vs. single station: p = 0.04, none vs. multiple station: p < 0.01, single station vs. multiple station: p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were significant differences among none, single station, and multiple station in each survival curve and in multivariate analysis for both RFS and OS. This category by number of pN station without dependence of location for lymph nodal involvement might be the new classification of lymph node involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Significance of APC Mutation in Patient with Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Kyoung Min Kim, Woo Sung Moon, Gi Won Ha, Ho Sung Park, Kyu Yun Jang, Min Ro Lee, Myoung Ja Chung, Ae Ri Ahn","doi":"10.1159/000545255","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In colorectal cancer (CRC), the prognostic significance of Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the effect of APC mutations on the prognosis of patients with CRC and to elucidate the clinicopathological features associated with these mutations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded CRC specimens were tested for APC mutations using targeted next-generation sequencing, mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. Clinicopathological features were obtained from medical records and through a review of hematoxylin and eosin slides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APC mutations and MMR deficiencies were detected in 72.8% and 8.9% of the patients with CRC, respectively. APC mutations were significantly correlated with male sex (p = 0.046) and left colon cancer (p < 0.001). They were inversely correlated with age (p = 0.020), serum 19-9 elevation (p = 0.047), distant metastasis (p = 0.005) and MMR deficiency (p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, APC mutations correlated with longer overall survival in patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APC mutations are associated with favorable prognostic factors and longer overall survival. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms of association between APC mutations to favorable cancer prognosis and their correlation MMR protein expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Env Gene Product Is a Hallmark of Sidedness in Operable Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Maria Dolci, Ivan Civettini, Pietro Francesco Bagnoli, Wafa Toumi, Lucia Signorini, Roberto Crocchiolo, Kevin Kamau Maina, Federica Perego, Pasquale Ferrante, Carolina Scagnolari, Marco Bregni, Serena Delbue","doi":"10.1159/000543099","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) account for approximately 8% of the human genome, where they are integrated and typically remain silent. Despite their inactivation, numerous retroviral sequences retain intact open reading frames capable of producing retroviral transcripts and/or proteins, which have been detected in colon cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three different cohorts of patients who underwent surgery at three different hospitals, comprising 167 Italian and Tunisian colon cancer patients, were analyzed. The expression levels of HERV-H, -K, -P env genes and HERV-K pol gene were assessed in tumor and adjacent healthy tissues using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Correlative analysis was conducted to investigate associations between clinicopathological factors, including tumor location, stage, patient age, lymphocyte infiltration, and vascular/perineural invasion, and HERV gene expression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HERV gene expression level was similar among samples from tumor and from adjacent healthy tissues. Significant (p < 0.05) higher expression of HERV-P and -R env was observed in tumor tissues arising from right colon than from left colon, while HERV-H env was more (p < 0.05) expressed in the left colon than in the right colon. A significant increase in the expression of HERV-H and -K env, following the increasing severity of tumor grade, was observed in the tumor tissue. HERV-H and -P env genes were more expressed in patients under 73 and over 73 years old, respectively, in the tumor tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In colorectal cancer, HERV env gene expression seems to represent a specific signature in tumor and/or adjacent healthy tissues, based on tumor location and patients' age. Analyzing differential HERV expression and its correlation with clinicopathological patient characteristics could be valuable for identifying novel biomarkers and exploring potential therapeutic targets in colon cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosome-Derived miR-148a-3p Protect against Tumor Proliferation and Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma.","authors":"Jingting Zhang, Takeshi Toyozumi, Masayuki Kano, Yasunori Matsumoto, Ryota Otsuka, Nobufumi Sekino, Tadashi Shiraishi, Koichiro Okada, Toshiki Kamata, Shinichiro Iida, Hiroki Morishita, Tenshi Makiyama, Yuri Nishioka, Masanari Yamada, Masaya Uesato, Koichi Hayano, Akira Nakano, Hisahiro Matsubara","doi":"10.1159/000544987","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most serious malignancies worldwide, seriously affecting the survival and living quality of patients. Abnormal expression of microRNAs plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of tumor, while exosomes are usually involved in some biological functions as tools for the delivery of intercellular substances, including miRNAs. The purpose of our study was to investigate the impact of exosome miR-148a-3p expression on ESCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>qRT-PCR was used to examine the relative expression of miR-148a-3p in plasma exosomes and in vitro cells. Cell proliferation ability was tested by CCK-8; the migration and invasion function were tested using Transwell assay. The overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival rate of ESCC patients were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of exosomal miR-148a-3p in ESCC patients' plasma can clearly distinguish the survival rate, and the OS rate with high expression of exosomal miR-148a-3p is clearly higher than the patients with low expression. In cell function tests, the miR-148a-3p expression of ESCC cell lines was lower than in control group. After transfecting miR-148a-3p mimic, the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of experimental group was reduced than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Above experimental results explained that miR-148a-3p showed significant tumor inhibition function both in serum exosomes of ESCC patients and in functional tests of cancer cell lines in vitro, suggesting that exosome miR-148a-3p can inhibit tumor progression and has the potential to be used as an indicator of clinical ESCC diagnosis and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors in Pleural Mesothelioma Patients Receiving First-Line Chemotherapy: Establishing the PLECH Baseline Risk Score.","authors":"Alberto Guijosa, Luis Antonio Cabrera-Miranda, Ana Pamela Gómez-García, Rogelio Trejo Rosales, Wendy Muñoz-Montaño, Diana Flores, Nancy Reynoso-Noverón, Oscar Arrieta","doi":"10.1159/000543637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pleural Mesothelioma (PM) is a rare and aggressive cancer where prognostic assessment is crucial. Traditional prognostic scores such as the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the Cancer and Leukaemia Group B (CALGB) have limitations, particularly in reflecting contemporary treatments and demographic diversities, while more recent scores often include novel biomarkers, not widely available and validated. Our goal is to create an effective prognostic score for PM using readily available baseline data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study at two Mexican cancer centers included patients with unresectable PM treated with first-line chemotherapy from 2010 to 2023. Baseline variables' associations with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Prognostic variables from univariate and multivariate analyses formed a baseline risk score. The score's OS prediction was compared to standard CALGB and EORTC scores using ROC curves and Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 262 patients (69.1% male, 80.5% epithelioid histology), we developed a 0-7 point PLECH score based on five variables: Platelet count (P: +2), high LDH (L: +1), ECOG ≥ 2 (E: +1), Chest pain at diagnosis (C: +2), and non-epithelioid Histology (H: +1). The score had an AUC of 0.70 for predicting 1-year OS, outperforming CALGB (0.60) and EORTC (0.57) scores, with an optimal cut-off of 2.5 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 55%). High scores (≥3) indicated worse OS (12.3 vs. 20.1 months; p<0.001) and PFS (6.4 vs. 11.3 months; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PLECH score, developed from a substantial Latin-American cohort, is a simple and effective prognostic tool for PM patients, outperforming traditional scores. It identifies a high-risk group potentially better suited to alternative treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Stratified Risk of Carboplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients.","authors":"Koki Hashimoto, Takashi Yokokawa, Yuma Nonomiya, Naoki Shibata, Azusa Soejima, Kazuo Kobayashi, Yutaro Mae, Akiko Hasegawa, Takeshi Aoyama, Yoshikazu Tateai, Shuhei Ban, Kotono Nigata, Ryusei Abe, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Hisanori Shimizu, Ryo Ariyasu, Noriko Yanagitani, Kaname Hasegawa, Takashi Kawaguchi, Masakazu Yamaguchi, Kenichi Suzuki","doi":"10.1159/000544875","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Age has been reported as a risk factor for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, few reports have described risk factors for nausea and vomiting with carboplatin (CBDCA). This study investigated whether the incidence of CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting differs with age, using 70 years as the cutoff.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent CBDCA for lung cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research between November 2020 and October 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The age cutoff was set at 70 years, with the complete response (CR; no vomiting/retching and no rescue medication) rate during the observation period as the endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 198 patients included in the analysis, 114 (57.6%) were ≥70 years old. The CR rate was 36.9% for patients <70 years old and 61.4% for patients ≥70 years old (p = 0.001). In univariate analyses, age <70 years, female sex, no drinking history, no smoking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR. In multivariate analysis, age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were identified as risk factors for CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Correlation between the Cytological Grading System and Computed Tomography Features in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Xiaodong Dai, Hui Li, Huiting Qiu, Yazhen Han, Xingfeng Qi, Dandan Chen, Min Li, Yeting Zeng, Shangwen Xu, Zhiyong Zheng, Xianzong Ye, Lijuan Qu","doi":"10.1159/000544178","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The early lung adenocarcinoma detection rate has increased with the development and application of low-dose computed tomography (CT). However, overdiagnosis and overtreatment are frequent. Here, we established a cytology grading system for adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and correlated the grading system with CT features of ground-glass nodules (GGNs) to predict their biological behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We screened 166 GGNs with pathological diagnoses of AAH, AIS, and MIA from the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force. The Mann-Whitney U test and the multiple linear regression analysis were used to screen cytological parameters. We stratified the GGNs into low- and high-grade groups by cytological score and established a cytology grading system. The χ2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze differences in CT features between the two groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cytology grading system was established, and the cytological parameters included nucleoli, chromatin, and Ki-67 labeling indices. The maximum diameter growth rate of GGNs was significantly greater in the high-grade group than in the low-grade group. Vascular abnormality signs were an independent risk factor for predicting cytological grade.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings indicate that vascular abnormality signs are valuable predictors of the cytological grade and that the cytology grading system can effectively predict the biological behavior of GGNs, thus enabling personalized clinical decision-making to avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of 18F-FDG Standardized Uptake Value and Metabolic Tumor Volume to Predict Local Failure in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.","authors":"Yuhao Lin, Jiawei Chen, Linghui Yan, Muling Deng, Jianming Ding","doi":"10.1159/000543950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim was to evaluate the prognostic values of pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) parameters for predicting local failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis was performed on 759 patients with NPC who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET. The optimal cutoff values for maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors influencing local failure-free survival (LFFS). Survival curves for the different risk groups were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method and compared using the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up period was 49.0 months (range: 3.0-118.0 months). The optimal cutoff of SUVmax and MTV were 7.44 and 22.21 mL, respectively. Patients with higher SUVmax and MTV were associated with worse LFFS. The survival curves of different groups were significantly separated. The univariate analysis showed the statistical significance of SUVmax, MTV, and their composite in LFFS (p = 0.002 for SUVmax; p = 0.001 for MTV; p < 0.002 for their composite). The multivariate analysis showed that higher SUVmax and MTV was an independent negative prognostic factor for LFFS (HR = 1.805, 95% CI: 1.004-3.245, p = 0.049). The subgroups of stages III-IV further confirmed the impact of SUVmax and MTV on LFFS (HR = 1.884, CI: 1.087-3.708, p = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with higher SUVmax and MTV were associated with local failure as well as in the III-IV advanced stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma among Asian American.","authors":"Xiaoxia Yu, Lixia Xu, Shuwen Zhang, Ping Pan, Ying Xia","doi":"10.1159/000544841","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Asian American (AsA) populations frequently aggregates data, thereby overlooking the considerable diversity inherent within this demographic. The aim of this study was to investigate the variations in ESCC characteristics and clinical outcomes among AsA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with ESCC were identified through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 database. The AsA cohort was categorized into specific subgroups: Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, South Asian (Asian Indian or Pakistani), and other Asian. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to estimate unadjusted overall survival (OS), while Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to assess adjusted OS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9,252 patients were included, with the cohort comprising 1,100 Asian, 2,135 Black, 951 Hispanic, and 5,066 White individuals. AsA patients demonstrated the highest unadjusted OS (p < 0.001). The Vietnamese subgroup exhibited the highest proportion of male patients at 92.1%. South Asian patients showed the highest unadjusted OS among the distinct Asian subgroups, with survival rates of 56% at 1 year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 49-64), 31% at 3 years (95% CI: 25-40), and 23% at 5 years (95% CI: 17-32). After adjusting, only Chinese and South Asian patients displayed significantly improved OS compared to the White reference group (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considerable disparities in ESCC characteristics and outcomes exist among AsA populations. Socioeconomic, genetic, and epigenetic factors may influence these differences. Further research is essential to clarify the mechanisms of this discrepancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis: S100 as Marker for Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome.","authors":"Axel Schulenburg, Lina Rüsing, Armin Bumberger, Margit Mitterbauer, Julia Cserna, Clemens Petrasch, Sophia Oesterreicher, Nina Worel, Werner Rabitsch","doi":"10.1159/000543949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for hematologic malignancies, offering significant therapeutic benefits. However, this therapy is also associated with adverse effects such as cytokine release syndrome and Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS), which can lead to severe neurological symptoms. The pathophysiology of ICANS remains unclear but is believed to involve immune-mediated inflammation in the brain. This study investigates the potential of S100, a protein marker associated with blood-brain barrier integrity, as an early indicator of ICANS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed daily blood samples for S100 levels in patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy, correlating these levels with the onset and severity of ICANS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that S100 levels significantly increased in patients who developed ICANS, with a positive correlation between the duration of elevation and the severity of the neurological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that S100 may serve as a useful biomarker for early detection of ICANS and could potentially guide therapeutic interventions. However, further studies are needed to fully understand its prognostic value in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}