Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Endogenous and Extracellular Roles of a Tumor Suppressor miR-379-5p in Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Michelle Xin Liu, Kent-Man Chu","doi":"10.1159/000546620","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>MiRNAs play important roles in development of various cancers including gastric cancer. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles for translocating molecules. This study aimed to investigate the tumor suppressive roles of miR-379-5p in gastric cancer and to investigate the roles of exosomes in transporting miR-379-5p from intracellular to extracellular.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-three pairs of gastric cancer and non-tumor tissue samples were collected. Five cell lines were applied. Functional assays including cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion, and cell adhesion assay were performed. Targets of miR-379-5p were screened and validated by Western blot. Expressions of endogenous miR-379-5p in gastric cancer cells and exosomal miR-379-5p in cell culture medium were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Medium of culturing AGS or BCG23 was applied for culturing MKN45 and HEK293T.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that miR-379-5p was significantly downregulated in gastric cancer tissue samples and cell lines. Enforced expression of miR-379-5p inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while miR-379-5p mimic enhanced cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. IGF1R was a potential target of miR-379-5p in gastric cancer. Expression of miR-379-5p was dramatically higher in exosomes in cell culture medium than its endogenous expression. Exosomes from cell culture medium of AGS or BCG23 could regulate endogenous expression of miR-379-5p in HEK293T cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MiR-379-5p was significantly downregulated and it functioned as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer. MiR-379-5p was highly expressed in exosomes of culture medium than its endogenous expression. MiR-379-5p could be translocated from cells into cell culture medium and entered certain cell types via exosomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Development to Implementation: A Systematic Review on the Current Maturity Status of Artificial Intelligence Models for Patients with Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.","authors":"Ruby Kemna, J Michiel Zeeuw, Kirsten A Ziesemer, Mahsoem Ali, Jacqueline I Bereska, Henk Marquering, Jaap Stoker, Inez M Verpalen, Rutger-Jan Swijnenburg, Joost Huiskens, Geert Kazemier","doi":"10.1159/000546572","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being researched and developed in the medical field and holds the potential to transform healthcare after successful implementation. For patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM), many AI models have been developed, but knowledge about translation of these models in the clinical workflow is lacking. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to provide a contemporary overview of the current maturity status of AI models for patients with CRLM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of the literature until November 2, 2023, was conducted in PubMed, <ext-link ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://Embase.com\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Embase.com</ext-link>, and Clarivate Analytics/Web of Science Core Collection to identify eligible studies. Studies using AI and/or radiomics for patients with CRLM were considered eligible. Data on the study aim, study design, size of dataset, country, type of AI application, level of validation and clinical implementation status (NASA technology readiness levels) were collected. Risk of bias and applicability of the individual studies were evaluated using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 117 studies were included. Ninety-seven studies (83%) have been published in the last 5 years. The most common study design was retrospective (96%). Thirty-five studies (30%) utilized a dataset of fewer than 50 patients with CRLM. Internal validation was performed in 63% of the studies and external validation in 17%. The remaining studies did not report validation. Half of the studies were classified as high risk of bias. None of the included studies performed real-time testing, workflow integration, clinical testing, or clinical integration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although a rapid increase in research describing the development of AI models for patients with CRLM has been observed in recent years, not a single AI model has been translated into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12215172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin and Immune-Related Cardiovascular Events in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Junmin Song, Kuan-Yu Chi, Hyein Jeon, Yu-Cheng Chang, Nutchapon Xanthavanij, Zhiting Tang, Yu Chang, Cho-Hung Chiang, Yu-Shiuan Lin, Shuwen Lin, Xiaocao Haze Xu, Cho-Han Chiang","doi":"10.1159/000546204","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved lung cancer treatment but are associated with an increased risk of cardiotoxicity. We investigated whether statins could mitigate ICI-associated cardiovascular risks in lung cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study utilizing the TriNetX database. We identified lung cancer patients receiving ICIs between April 2013 and June 2023. We created two cohorts: statin users and non-users. The primary efficacy outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and heart failure. The secondary efficacy outcomes were myocarditis and cardiac arrest. Safety outcomes were all-cause mortality and serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16,650 lung cancer patients undergoing ICIs were identified, consisting of 6,812 statin users and 9,838 non-users. After propensity score matching, 4,379 patients were well-matched in baseline characteristics. Over a follow-up period of 12 months, statin use was associated with a lower risk of MACE (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.98), primarily driven by reductions in myocardial infarction (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.97) and heart failure (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.98). For safety outcomes, statin use was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77-0.90) and did not result in an increased risk of serious irAEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of statins in lung cancer patients with cardiovascular risk factors and without previous cardiovascular events undergoing immunotherapy was associated with a reduction in MACE and all-cause mortality without an increased risk of serious adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Albumin-Bilirubin Grade and Alpha-Fetoprotein Score for Predicting Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization.","authors":"Manabu Hayashi, Kazumichi Abe, Tatsuro Sugaya, Naoto Abe, Yosuke Takahata, Masashi Fujita, Hiromasa Ohira","doi":"10.1159/000546334","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Predicting post-treatment prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) is challenging due to tumor heterogeneity. We here assessed the utility of the modified albumin-bilirubin grade and α-fetoprotein (mALF) score for predicting the prognosis of cTACE-treated HCC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 206 early- and intermediate-stage HCC patients who had undergone cTACE. We calculated baseline and post-treatment mALF scores by assigning one point for a modified albumin-bilirubin grade of 2b or 3 and one point for an alpha-fetoprotein level of ≥100 ng/mL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline mALF scores were 0, 1, and 2 points for 66 patients (32%), 95 patients (47%), and 45 patients (21%), respectively, and their median survival times were 42.3 months, 21.1 months, and 14.0 months, respectively. The baseline mALF score was also associated with overall survival, independent of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage and the tumor burden score (hazard ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.49; p < 0.001). One month after cTACE, the mALF score had decreased in 26 patients and increased in 31 patients. In those with a baseline mALF score of 0 or 1, the increased mALF score was significantly associated with shorter survival periods after cTACE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The baseline mALF score was useful in stratifying HCC patients undergoing cTACE, according to post-treatment prognosis. Increased mALF scores after cTACE were associated with poor prognosis in patients with a baseline mALF score of 0 or 1. Assessment of baseline and post-treatment mALF scores may help in predicting prognosis in HCC patients following cTACE.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Locoregional Treatment for Oligo-Drug-Resistant Lesions during First-Line Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Tasuku Nakabori, Sena Higashi, Kaori Mukai, Toshiki Ikawa, Noboru Maeda, Masaki Kawabata, Kana Hosokawa, Kazuhiro Kozumi, Makiko Urabe, Yugo Kai, Ryoji Takada, Kenji Ikezawa, Koji Konishi, Katsuyuki Nakanishi, Kazuyoshi Ohkawa","doi":"10.1159/000546211","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite recent advancements, outcomes for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo/bev) remain suboptimal, with drug resistance posing a major challenge. This study evaluated the efficacy of additional locoregional treatments (LRTs) for oligo-atezo/bev-resistant lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed patients with intermediate-stage and advanced-stage HCC who developed drug-resistant lesions during first-line atezo/bev therapy. Patients were divided into two groups: the combination therapy group (n = 10) receiving additional LRT and the atezo/bev alone group (n = 26). Progression-free survival (PFS) 1 was measured from atezo/bev therapy initiation to progressive disease (PD) or death, whereas PFS2 was calculated from atezo/bev therapy initiation to PD of second-line therapy or death. The PFS1 in the combination therapy group was compared to the PFS1 and PFS2 in the atezo/bev alone group. Two analyses were performed for the PFS and overall survival (OS): one including the total cohort and the other restricted to those eligible for LRT upon the appearance of atezo/bev-resistant lesions. Changes in the hepatic reserve before and after LRT were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LRT, followed by continued atezo/bev therapy, safely eradicated drug-resistant lesions in the combination therapy group, without compromising the hepatic reserve. All patients in the combination therapy group transitioned to second-line treatment due to preserved hepatic reserve after PD. The PFS1 in the combination therapy group was longer than the PFS1 and PFS2 in the atezo/bev alone group in both the total cohort and LRT-eligible subgroup. Similarly, the OS in the combination therapy group was longer than in the atezo/bev alone group in both analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LRTs may provide a viable option for managing oligo-drug-resistant lesions during first-line atezo/bev therapy for unresectable HCC when safely administered.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Know-How Post-Transplant Skin Cancer for Immunotherapy and Target Therapies.","authors":"Nerina Denaro, Emanuela Passoni, Giulia Murgia, Cinzia Solinas, Gianluca Nazzaro, Angelo Valerio Marzano, Maria Rosaria Campise, Ornella Garrone","doi":"10.1159/000543801","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney transplant recipients are increasing, as is their life expectancy. Due to immunosuppression, skin cancers are the neoplasms more common in this population.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Cancer immunotherapy is the choice treatment for squamous cell non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) patients who are not candidates for local therapies such as radiotherapy and surgery. For basal cell carcinomas requiring systemic therapies, hedgehog inhibitors (HHis) are necessary. Traditionally, special populations, such as solid organ transplant recipients, were excluded from clinical studies. We reviewed the literature on immunotherapy and HHis for NMSC in this specific population.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Immunotherapy may be administered to selected patients following a thorough multidisciplinary evaluation. Factors such as prior episodes of rejection, high proteinuria, and elevated anti-donor antibody levels should be considered relative contraindications. Similarly, HHis may be prescribed with caution in selected patients, with careful monitoring of renal function and the potential development of additional squamous cell carcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Cut-Off Value of the MASCC Score to Predict Mortality in Hospitalized Febrile Neutropenic Patients: A Decade-Long Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yasemin Nadir, Pinar Kiran, Damla Erturk, Hale Bulbul, Mustafa Degirmenci, Suheyla Serin Senger","doi":"10.1159/000546029","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Febrile neutropenia (FN) is linked to significant morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the cut-off value of the MASCC score to predict mortality in hospitalized FN patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 354 hospitalized cancer patients, divided into two groups: the mortality group (n = 116) and the survival group (n = 238). We defined risk factors of all-cause mortality according to a Cox regression model. The optimal cut-off value for the MASCC score was found using Youden's index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 30-day, 60-day, and 90-day mortality rates were 25.1% (n = 89), 30.2% (n = 107), and 32.7% (n = 116), respectively. Having a hematological malignancy, advanced age, comorbidities, higher levels of C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin on admission, profound neutropenia and a lower MASCC score were statistically different in the mortality group compared to the survival group. The only independent risk factor was the MASCC score to predict all-cause mortality according to the multivariate Cox regression models. A MASCC score below 17 showed a sensitivity of 83.6% and a specificity of 94.1% for predicting all-cause mortality in hospitalized FN patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this cohort study, we showed 30, 60 and 90-day mortality rates of hospitalized patients and determined the risk factors. We supported that the MASCC score was an independent risk factor for predicting mortality in hospitalized FN patients. We contributed to the literature by establishing a threshold value for the MASCC score, below 17, showing notably high sensitivity and specificity for predicting all-cause mortality in FN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Impact of Recurrence Pattern for Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Nozomu Motono, Takaki Mizoguchi, Masahito Ishikawa, Shun Iwai, Yoshihito Iijima, Hidetaka Uramoto","doi":"10.1159/000545310","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although several prognostic risk factors have been identified for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who undergo pulmonary resection, the significance of several factors remains unclear, including the number and location of recurrent foci. Here, we investigated associations between clinicopathological characteristics and the risk of recurrence patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic impact of the recurrence pattern and individual recurrence sites for 1,000 NSCLC patients who underwent pulmonary resection between 2002 and 2021. The recurrence was defined by imaging tools, and the data were analyzed using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Simultaneous intrathoracic and extra-thoracic recurrence was associated with significantly shorter overall survival compared with either recurrence pattern alone. Multivariate analyses identified significant risk factors for sites of recurrence as follows: age (p = 0.03), prognostic nutrition index (p = 0.03), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.03), pathological lymph node metastasis (pN)1 (p = 0.02), and pN2 (p < 0.01) for bone metastasis; cancer-inflammation prognostic index (CIPI) (p = 0.04), maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) (p < 0.01), and pN2 (p < 0.01) for brain metastasis; histological type without adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.01) for liver metastasis; age (p < 0.01), SUVmax (p < 0.01), lower lobe (p < 0.01), and pN2 (p < 0.01) for lung metastasis; CIPI (p < 0.01), SUVmax (p < 0.01), Ly (p = 0.01), pN1 (p < 0.01), and pN2 (p = 0.01) for lymph node metastasis; and CIPI (p < 0.01) for pleural dissemination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Simultaneous intrathoracic and extra-thoracic recurrence was a significant prognostic indicator of poor overall survival. Identification of the risk factors for each recurrence site may assist in planning optimal routine postoperative surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcome-Based Symptom Management Improves Quality of Life in Postoperative Gastroesophageal Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shusheng Wu, Jiayu Niu, Conglan Ding, Lihong Ke, Mengge Li, Ying Yan, Huijun Xu, Xiaoxiu Hu, Wenju Chen, Huiqin Luo, Liyuan Fan, Huimin Li, Lulu Cao, Yifu He","doi":"10.1159/000545529","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Following resection for gastroesophageal cancer, patients may experience symptoms like reflux, anorexia, and weight loss that can significantly impact their quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are becoming more important for symptom monitoring. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge on symptom management post-gastroesophageal cancer resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted on postoperative patients with gastroesophageal cancer. Participants were randomly assigned to the PRO group and usual care (the control group), with a 1:1 ratio. The PRO-based symptom management included symptom assessment, monitoring, and personalized interventions such as lifestyle guidance, nutritional support, and drug therapy. An electronic system was developed on the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) platform to monitor and assess patients' symptoms, QoL, and provide diagnosis and treatment. The study focused on five key symptom events: anorexia, reflux, depression, nutritional risk, and underweight. In the PRO group, assessments were conducted every 3-4 weeks for a minimum of 16 weeks. Interventions for this group primarily involved counseling, patient education, and medication prescriptions based on individual symptoms. The control group's symptoms and QoL were assessed only at baseline and week 16. The primary outcome measure was the total number of symptoms at 16 weeks, with secondary outcomes including the incidence of symptoms at the same time point. QoL was also evaluated as part of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between April 2021 and May 2022, a total of 124 patients were divided into two groups: 60 in the PRO group and 64 in the control group. The PRO group exhibited notably fewer overall symptoms at the 16-week mark compared to the control group (1.20 ± 1.16 vs. 2.50 ± 1.47), along with a lower prevalence of nutritional risk (63.3% vs. 81.3%), anorexia (18.3% vs. 60.9%), reflux (13.3% vs. 57.8%), and depression (5.0% vs. 20.3%). The QoL scores were markedly higher in the PRO group. Furthermore, the PRO group displayed lower nutritional status, reflux, and depression scale trends, as well as higher anorexia trends when compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PRO-based symptom management led to superior symptom control and enhanced QoL in postoperative gastroesophageal cancer patients when compared to standard care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Relating to Tumor Size and Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Significance of Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, Portal Vein Thrombosis, and Albumin.","authors":"Rossella Donghia, Brian Irving Carr, Sezai Yilmaz","doi":"10.1159/000545636","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maximum tumor diameter (MTD) is one of the key aggressiveness features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the clinical associations and causes of large size HCC are not well understood. The aim was to compare small and large MTD (≤/>6 cm) HCCs with respect to clinical associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MTD ≤/> 6 cm HCCs were compared by clinical characteristics and analyzed through logistical regression models, as well as Cox proportional hazard models for death, on clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with larger HCCs had more portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and tumor multifocality, higher AST, ALKP and GGT levels and lower albumin levels. A logistic regression model of MTD (≤/>6 cm) showed the highest risk for PVT and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) >150, while albumin and female gender were protective. The combination of male gender, PLR >150, plus PVT had an odds ratio of 12.124. In Cox proportional hazard models, the highest hazard ratio for death was for PVT, and only albumin was significantly protective. PVT plus low albumin had a hazard ratio of 4.254.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PVT, albumin, PLR, and gender were significant for ≤/>6 cm MTD. PVT and albumin were significant for survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}