Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Age-Stratified Risk of Carboplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients.","authors":"Koki Hashimoto, Takashi Yokokawa, Yuma Nonomiya, Naoki Shibata, Azusa Soejima, Kazuo Kobayashi, Yutaro Mae, Akiko Hasegawa, Takeshi Aoyama, Yoshikazu Tateai, Shuhei Ban, Kotono Nigata, Ryusei Abe, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Hisanori Shimizu, Ryo Ariyasu, Noriko Yanagitani, Kaname Hasegawa, Takashi Kawaguchi, Masakazu Yamaguchi, Kenichi Suzuki","doi":"10.1159/000544875","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Age has been reported as a risk factor for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, few reports have described risk factors for nausea and vomiting with carboplatin (CBDCA). This study investigated whether the incidence of CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting differs with age, using 70 years as the cutoff.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent CBDCA for lung cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research between November 2020 and October 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The age cutoff was set at 70 years, with the complete response (CR; no vomiting/retching and no rescue medication) rate during the observation period as the endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 198 patients included in the analysis, 114 (57.6%) were ≥70 years old. The CR rate was 36.9% for patients <70 years old and 61.4% for patients ≥70 years old (p = 0.001). In univariate analyses, age <70 years, female sex, no drinking history, no smoking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR. In multivariate analysis, age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were identified as risk factors for CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Correlation between the Cytological Grading System and Computed Tomography Features in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Xiaodong Dai, Hui Li, Huiting Qiu, Yazhen Han, Xingfeng Qi, Dandan Chen, Min Li, Yeting Zeng, Shangwen Xu, Zhiyong Zheng, Xianzong Ye, Lijuan Qu","doi":"10.1159/000544178","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The early lung adenocarcinoma detection rate has increased with the development and application of low-dose computed tomography (CT). However, overdiagnosis and overtreatment are frequent. Here, we established a cytology grading system for adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and correlated the grading system with CT features of ground-glass nodules (GGNs) to predict their biological behavior.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We screened 166 GGNs with pathological diagnoses of AAH, AIS, and MIA from the 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force. The Mann-Whitney U test and the multiple linear regression analysis were used to screen cytological parameters. We stratified the GGNs into low- and high-grade groups by cytological score and established a cytology grading system. The χ2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze differences in CT features between the two groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cytology grading system was established, and the cytological parameters included nucleoli, chromatin, and Ki-67 labeling indices. The maximum diameter growth rate of GGNs was significantly greater in the high-grade group than in the low-grade group. Vascular abnormality signs were an independent risk factor for predicting cytological grade.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings indicate that vascular abnormality signs are valuable predictors of the cytological grade and that the cytology grading system can effectively predict the biological behavior of GGNs, thus enabling personalized clinical decision-making to avoid overdiagnosis and overtreatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of 18F-FDG Standardized Uptake Value and Metabolic Tumor Volume to Predict Local Failure in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.","authors":"Yuhao Lin, Jiawei Chen, Linghui Yan, Muling Deng, Jianming Ding","doi":"10.1159/000543950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim was to evaluate the prognostic values of pretreatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) parameters for predicting local failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis was performed on 759 patients with NPC who underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET. The optimal cutoff values for maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors influencing local failure-free survival (LFFS). Survival curves for the different risk groups were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method and compared using the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up period was 49.0 months (range: 3.0-118.0 months). The optimal cutoff of SUVmax and MTV were 7.44 and 22.21 mL, respectively. Patients with higher SUVmax and MTV were associated with worse LFFS. The survival curves of different groups were significantly separated. The univariate analysis showed the statistical significance of SUVmax, MTV, and their composite in LFFS (p = 0.002 for SUVmax; p = 0.001 for MTV; p < 0.002 for their composite). The multivariate analysis showed that higher SUVmax and MTV was an independent negative prognostic factor for LFFS (HR = 1.805, 95% CI: 1.004-3.245, p = 0.049). The subgroups of stages III-IV further confirmed the impact of SUVmax and MTV on LFFS (HR = 1.884, CI: 1.087-3.708, p = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with higher SUVmax and MTV were associated with local failure as well as in the III-IV advanced stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma among Asian American.","authors":"Xiaoxia Yu, Lixia Xu, Shuwen Zhang, Ping Pan, Ying Xia","doi":"10.1159/000544841","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Asian American (AsA) populations frequently aggregates data, thereby overlooking the considerable diversity inherent within this demographic. The aim of this study was to investigate the variations in ESCC characteristics and clinical outcomes among AsA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with ESCC were identified through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 database. The AsA cohort was categorized into specific subgroups: Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, South Asian (Asian Indian or Pakistani), and other Asian. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to estimate unadjusted overall survival (OS), while Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to assess adjusted OS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9,252 patients were included, with the cohort comprising 1,100 Asian, 2,135 Black, 951 Hispanic, and 5,066 White individuals. AsA patients demonstrated the highest unadjusted OS (p < 0.001). The Vietnamese subgroup exhibited the highest proportion of male patients at 92.1%. South Asian patients showed the highest unadjusted OS among the distinct Asian subgroups, with survival rates of 56% at 1 year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 49-64), 31% at 3 years (95% CI: 25-40), and 23% at 5 years (95% CI: 17-32). After adjusting, only Chinese and South Asian patients displayed significantly improved OS compared to the White reference group (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considerable disparities in ESCC characteristics and outcomes exist among AsA populations. Socioeconomic, genetic, and epigenetic factors may influence these differences. Further research is essential to clarify the mechanisms of this discrepancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis: S100 as Marker for Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome.","authors":"Axel Schulenburg, Lina Rüsing, Armin Bumberger, Margit Mitterbauer, Julia Cserna, Clemens Petrasch, Sophia Oesterreicher, Nina Worel, Werner Rabitsch","doi":"10.1159/000543949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for hematologic malignancies, offering significant therapeutic benefits. However, this therapy is also associated with adverse effects such as cytokine release syndrome and Immune Effector Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS), which can lead to severe neurological symptoms. The pathophysiology of ICANS remains unclear but is believed to involve immune-mediated inflammation in the brain. This study investigates the potential of S100, a protein marker associated with blood-brain barrier integrity, as an early indicator of ICANS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed daily blood samples for S100 levels in patients undergoing CAR T-cell therapy, correlating these levels with the onset and severity of ICANS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that S100 levels significantly increased in patients who developed ICANS, with a positive correlation between the duration of elevation and the severity of the neurological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that S100 may serve as a useful biomarker for early detection of ICANS and could potentially guide therapeutic interventions. However, further studies are needed to fully understand its prognostic value in this context.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypo-Fractionated versus Standard Fractionation Radiotherapy in Frail and Elderly Patients with Central Nervous System Solitary Fibrous Tumors.","authors":"Ory Haisraely, Marcia Jaffe, Alisa Taliansky, Zvi R Cohen, Yaakov R Lawerence","doi":"10.1159/000543847","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Central nervous system solitary fibrous tumors (cSFTs) are rare, accounting for less than 1% of central nervous system tumors. Treatment guidelines are limited, especially for frail or elderly patients. Gross total resection followed by radiotherapy is recommended for higher grade cases, but the role of hypofractionated (HF) radiotherapy versus standard fractionation (SF) in this population remains unclear. This study evaluates outcomes of HF compared to SF in frail patients with cSFT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 51 frail patients (age >65, Karnofsky performance status [KPS] <80) with cSFT treated from 2015 to 2023 was performed. Patients received either HF (21 patients) or SF (30 patients). Data extracted included demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical outcomes, radiation regimens, and oncologic outcomes. Descriptive and survival analyses were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier methods, with multivariable analysis via Cox regression models to assess factors influencing local control and overall survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up was 19 months (11-55 months). HF regimens varied from 35-48 Gy in 10-15 fractions, while SF was predominantly 54-60 Gy in 28-30 fractions. Local control was achieved in 76.2% of HF and 80% of SF patients (p = 0.154). No statistical difference in overall survival was observed between HF (18 months) and SF (18 months, p = 0.54). Higher tumor grade (HR = 3.5, p = 0.021) and incomplete resection (HR = 0.72, p = 0.035) negatively impacted local control. KPS ≤50 was associated with reduced survival (HR = 2.3, p = 0.035).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HF radiotherapy appears feasible and safe for frail patients with cSFT, providing comparable outcomes to SF. The reduced treatment burden of HF may benefit patients with limited performance status. Further research is needed to guide optimal treatment approaches for this unique population. HF vs. SF radiotherapy in frail and elderly patients with cSFTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Core-Binding Factor Rearrangements: A 10-Year Cancer Center Experience.","authors":"Shehab Fareed, Dina Sameh Soliman, Abdulrahman F Al-Mashdali, Amna Gameil, Yahya Mulikandathil, Awni Alshurafa, ElMustafa Abdalla, Abdallah Fadul, Sarah Aldali, Deena Mudawi, Kaplana Singh, Feryal Ibrahim, Anas Hamad, Honar Cherif, Mohamed Yassin","doi":"10.1159/000544049","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Core-binding factor-acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) is characterized by t(8;21) or inv(16)/t(16;16) chromosomal rearrangements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study of 71 CBF-AML cases from Qatar's National Center for Cancer Care and Research (2013-2022), we analyzed clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort was predominantly male (76%) with a median age of 40 years, and 96% were de novo AML. The t(8;21) translocation was more frequent (69%) than inv(16)/t(16;16). Patients under 40 years showed higher white blood cell counts and blast percentages. Standard \"3 + 7\" induction chemotherapy (used in 69% of cases) achieved remission in 67% of patients. Median overall survival was 81% at 37 months, with median progression-free survival of 34 months. No significant survival differences were observed based on FLT3-ITD status, translocation type, complex karyotype, KIT mutation status, or allogeneic stem cell transplantation (performed in 19% of patients), though patients under 60 years demonstrated better survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights CBF-AML heterogeneity and challenges established prognostic markers, suggesting a need for risk stratification reassessment, treatment strategy optimization, ELN guideline implementation, and continuous molecular monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage I Non-Seminomatous Testicular Cancer: Long-Term Follow-Up with Surveillance Approach Post-Orchiectomy.","authors":"Jorge Martínez-Cedillo, Diego A Díaz-García, César Infante-González, Beatriz Mota-Vega, David Heredia, Alejandro Cabrera-Urbina, Miguel Ángel Álvarez Avitia, Nora Sobrevilla, Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Ríos, Juan W Zinser-Sierra","doi":"10.1159/000544105","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adjuvant treatment for patients with stage I non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs) could be active surveillance (AS), chemotherapy, or retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. AS is the preferred option in most cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term survival and prognostic factors in our population with AS approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected information from patients with stage I NSGCT of the testis in medical records from 1995 to 2016. Patients had negative serum tumor markers and imaging of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis with no evidence of metastasis. At relapse, if occurs, patients were treated with chemotherapy, surgery, or both. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival. Relationships with outcomes were analyzed using multivariable Cox regression and log-rank analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 457 patients were included. The median age at diagnosis was 25 years. The median follow-up was 65.3 months (range 12-270 months). Relapses were detected in 92 (20%) patients with a median time to recurrence of 7.1 months (range 1.1-123 months). Retroperitoneal lymph nodes were the most common site of relapsed (41.3%), and most patients presented biochemical and imaging recurrence (67.4%). Vascular invasion (VI) was significantly associated with recurrence (HR 2.38 [95% CI: 1.24-4.56], p = 0.008) in the multivariate analysis and rete testis invasion in the univariate analysis (p = 0.027). After salvage treatment, 83 (91.1%) patients were disease free. The overall survival was 98.25% at 20 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AS is an effective non-adapted risk-based approach in patients with stage I NSGCT. Almost 100% are alive at 20 years. Nearly all relapses were cured with salvage therapy. Toxicity related to adjuvant treatments, as well as overtreatment, could be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning and Radiomics for Gastric Cancer Lymph Node Metastasis: Automated Segmentation and Multi-Machine Learning Study from Two Centers.","authors":"Hui Shang, Yue Fang, Yuyang Zhao, Nan Mi, Zhendong Cao, Yi Zheng","doi":"10.1159/000544179","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to develop an automated method for segmenting spleen computed tomography (CT) images using a deep learning model. This approach is intended to address the limitations of manual segmentation, which is known to be susceptible to interobserver variability. Subsequently, a prediction model of gastric cancer (GC) lymph node metastasis was constructed in conjunction with radiomics and deep learning features, and a nomogram was generated to explore the clinical guiding significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 284 patients with pathologically confirmed GC from two centers. We employed a deep learning model, U-Mamba, to obtain fully automatic segmentation of the spleen CT images. Subsequently, radiomics features and deep learning features were extracted from the entire spleen CT images, and significant features were identified through dimensionality reduction. The clinical features, radiomic features, and deep learning features were organized and integrated, and five machine learning methods were employed to develop 15 predictive models. Ultimately, the model exhibiting superior performance was presented in the form of a nomogram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 radiomics features, 17 deep learning features, and 2 clinical features were deemed valuable. The DRC model demonstrated superior discriminative capacity relative to other models. A nomogram was constructed based on the logistic clinical model to facilitate the usage and verification of the clinical model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Radiomics and deep learning features derived from automated spleen segmentation to construct a nomogram demonstrate efficacy in predicting lymph node metastasis in GC. Concurrently, fully automated segmentation provides a novel and reproducible approach for radiomics research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and Risk Factors of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Linhong Cui, Kunxiang Cheng, Mingxin Cui, Xiaomei Li","doi":"10.1159/000543556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (ICI-P) is a life-threatening complication, limiting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) clinical application in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But risk factors for developing ICI-P have not been well defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a retrospective analysis method. Following approval from the Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital, we retrieved patient information on NSCLC registered in the hospital's PRIDE workstation, selecting patients who received treatment with ICIs from January 1, 2018 to September 30, 2023. Complete medical records of patients were collected and verified. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent high-risk factors for the occurrence of ICI-P.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 753 patients with NSCLC who received treatment with ICIs were included, with mean age of (63±9.5) years. 102 patients diagnosed with ICI-P were identified, resulting in an incidence rate of 13.5%. Development of ICI-P was independently associated with history of interstitial lung disease (ILD) (OR, 3.85; CI, 1.99-7.46; P<0.001), prior thoracic radiotherapy (OR, 2.65; CI, 1.56-4.48; P<0.001), concurrent thoracic radiotherapy (OR, 3.56; CI, 1.69-7.47; P<0.001) and treatment with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors compared with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (OR, 3.54; CI, 1.05-11.98; P=0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Independent risk factors for ICI-P occurrence included the history of ILD, previous chest radiotherapy, concurrent chest radiotherapy, and the use of PD-1 inhibitors (compared to non-PD-1 inhibitors). Specialty assessment of ILD before treatment and cautious use of ICIs in radiotherapy patients, represent feasible strategies to prevent the occurrence of ICI-P.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}