Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Hydration with Bicarbonate Ringer's Solution on Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Miho Takemura, Kenji Ikemura, Masahiro Okuda","doi":"10.1159/000540637","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cisplatin (CDDP) often causes acute kidney injury (AKI), and magnesium supplementation has been suggested to be important in preventing CDDP-induced AKI. Sodium bicarbonate Ringer's solution (BRS) is a crystalloid solution composed of various electrolytes, including Mg2+, and can be generally used to supplement missing extracellular fluid and correct metabolic acidosis; however, the clinical outcomes of hydration with BRS for CDDP-induced AKI remain unclear. In this study, we retrospectively compared the effects of BRS and normal saline for hydration in patients undergoing CDDP treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the incidence rate of AKI (grade ≥ 1), the severity of AKI, the serum magnesium level, and the incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 hematological toxicities (leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia, or thrombocytopenia) following CDDP and fluorouracil (5-FU) administration in 131 in-patients who received CDDP and 5-FU for the first time to treat esophageal cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six patients (43%) received saline alone, while 75 patients (57%) received BRS for hydration. The incidence rate of AKI (grade ≥ 1) was significantly lower in the BRS group (11%) than that in the saline group (39%, p < 0.001). Moreover, severe AKI (grade ≥ 2) was significantly less common in the BRS group than in the saline group. Although the serum magnesium levels before CDDP administration were not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.939), the serum magnesium levels on days 2-3 after CDDP administration in the BRS group were significantly higher than those in the saline group (p < 0.001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the incidence rates of hematological toxicity between the two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that BRS use was an independent factor that significantly contributed to AKI prevention (odds ratio = 0.061, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hydration with BRS could prevent CDDP-induced AKI in patients with esophageal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Initial Validation of Neuroendocrine Differentiation as a Novel Prognostic Factor in Stage II Colorectal Cancer Patients.","authors":"Yu Liang, Yongmin Li, Rui Guo, Yan Zhao, Huanshuo Miao, Hong Chang, Yue Chen","doi":"10.1159/000540936","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuroendocrine differentiation is often found in colorectal cancer, but its impact on prognosis remains controversial. This study explored the association between neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis in stage II/III colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2012 and 2018, a total of 3,441 stage II/III colorectal cancer patients were included for analysis. To verify neuroendocrine differentiation, immunohistochemistry was performed to explore the expression of chromogranin A and synaptophysin in colorectal cancer. In addition, the difference in overall survival between groups was analyzed. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the clinicopathological characteristics significantly correlated with survival, and a Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to identify factors independently affecting overall survival prognosis. Furthermore, the findings were validated by the Gene Expression Omnibus database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 3,441 stage II/III colorectal cancer patients, in comparison to patients with neuroendocrine differentiation (+), patients with neuroendocrine differentiation (+) had a poorer prognosis (p = 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate survival analysis of stage II cases revealed that tumor differentiation (p = 0.018), nerve invasion (p < 0.001), and neuroendocrine differentiation (+) (p = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors. Moreover, the prognosis of patients with neuroendocrine differentiation (+) was similar to that of patients with high-risk factors in stage II cases (p = 0.639). High chromogranin A expression was correlated with poor prognosis in stage II colorectal cancer patients in the Gene Expression Omnibus database (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prognosis of colorectal cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation (+) was poor, especially in stage II colorectal cancer patients. Neuroendocrine differentiation might be another high-risk factor for the prognosis of stage II colorectal cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"156-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting an Increase in Spleen Volume and Association of Spleen Volume Variation with the Clinical Outcomes of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Takeshi Hatanaka, Naoto Saito, Satoru Kakizaki, Atsushi Hiraoka, Toshifumi Tada, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Toru Ishikawa, Hidenori Toyoda, Kazuhito Kawata, Atsushi Naganuma, Yutaka Yata, Hideko Ohama, Tomomitsu Matono, Fujimasa Tada, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Shinichiro Nakamura, Takashi Kumada","doi":"10.1159/000541002","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gastrointestinal varices rupture is considered to be prone to occur during atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) treatment. This study aimed to investigate predictive factors affecting the increase in spleen volume (SpV) and the association of SpV variation with the clinical outcomes of Atez/Bev.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 164 HCC patients were included in this retrospective multicenter study. We measured SpV based on CT scans obtained before treatment and at evaluations. We used the inverse probability of treatment weight to address the imbalance between patient characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median pretreatment SpV was 184 (130-257) cm3 and the median SpV variation was 27 (9-60) cm3. An increase in the SpV was observed in 140 patients (85.4%). Age <74 years (p = 0.03), mALBI grade 2b or 3 (p = 0.03), and pretreatment SpV ≥184 cm3 (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with increased SpV. There were no significant differences in progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) between patients with SpV variation <25 cm3 and those with SpV variation ≥25 cm3 in the crude (p = 0.3 and 0.7) and IPTW-weighted cohorts (p = 0.08 and 0.8, respectively). Regarding pretreatment SpV, there were no significant differences in PFS or OS between patients with and without pretreatment spleen enlargement in the crude (both p = 0.3) and IPTW-weighted cohort (p = 0.6 and 0.3, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caution is warranted to detect the aggravation of portal hypertension when administering Atez/Bev to young patients or patients with an impaired liver function or pretreatment spleen enlargement. The impact of spleen modulation by Atez/Bev appears to be limited on clinical efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"94-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in Pregnancy: A Review of the Available Literature and the Pharmacological Challenges in Management.","authors":"Ahmed Badr, Maria Benkhadra, Basel Elsayed, Omar Metwally, Mohamed Elhadary, Amgad Mohamed Elshoeibi, Rola Ghasoub, Raghad Mohamed Elshoeibi, Salem Alshemmari, Mervat Mattar, Khalil Alfarsi, Mohamed Yassin","doi":"10.1159/000540650","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a rare hematologic malignancy to occur in pregnancy, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 75,000 pregnancies. Pregnant women with CLL face increased susceptibility to infections, due to a weakened immune system. Higher risks of fetal malformations and death are associated with CLL treatment during pregnancy, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and management in these cases.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CLL in pregnant cases. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases, yielding 14 case reports for inclusion. The cases were divided based on CLL diagnosis onset, either before or during pregnancy. Our results showed that patients diagnosed during pregnancy (n = 5) were mostly asymptomatic at diagnosis, with management ranging from supportive care to leukapheresis and transfusions. Postpartum treatment varied, with some patients requiring no additional therapy and others receiving chemotherapy. Pregnancy outcomes were generally favorable, with most neonates born healthy at term. However, one case of Richter transformation resulted in maternal death despite treatment. Among patients with pre-existing CLL (n = 9), the majority experienced an indolent course during pregnancy, with only supportive care required. A few cases necessitated treatment due to progressive disease or complications, including chemotherapy, leukapheresis, and splenectomy.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review highlights the heterogeneous nature of CLL in pregnancy and the importance of individualized management based on disease severity, gestational age, and maternal-fetal risks. Close monitoring, supportive care, and a multidisciplinary approach are essential for optimizing outcomes in this rare and complex clinical scenario.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"56-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-7 Risk Allele, Lymphocyte Counts, and Autoantibodies for Prediction of Risk of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Hitomi Takada, Leona Osawa, Yasuyuki Komiyama, Masaru Muraoka, Yuichiro Suzuki, Mitsuaki Sato, Shoji Kobayashi, Takashi Yoshida, Shinichi Takano, Shinya Maekawa, Nobuyuki Enomoto","doi":"10.1159/000540648","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (AB) therapy was the effective immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC). However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common in patients receiving ICI therapies. Our research aimed to explore the risk factors for irAE development, with attention to interleukin-7 (IL-7) risk alleles, lymphocyte counts, and autoantibodies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-six patients receiving AB therapy for u-HCC were recruited. Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping was done for the analysis of rs16906115 polymorphism near IL-7-expressing genes using 20 μL of stored buffy coat at baseline. The association between IL-7 risk alleles, lymphocyte counts, autoantibodies, and irAE development was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>irAEs were found in 14 (18%) patients. The incidence of irAEs did not differ significantly between the groups showing IL-7 AG/AA and the GG group (p = 0.72). The incidence in the group with a lymphocyte count of 1,130/µL or more at baseline was higher than in that with a value below 1,130/µL (p = 0.0093). The group showing IL-7 AG/AA or lymphocyte count >1,130/μL had a higher irAE prevalence rate than the others (p = 0.019). IL-7 AG/AA or lymphocyte count >1,130/μL and positivity for autoantibodies at baseline were the prognostic factors for irAE development. irAE incidence could be stratified using a combination of IL-7 AG/AA or lymphocyte counts ≥1,130/µL and positive autoantibodies (p = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with IL-7 risk alleles, high lymphocyte counts, and autoantibodies at baseline may require careful monitoring for irAE development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of Gene Polymorphism and Gene Expression of BACE2 in Swedish Patients with Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Jan Dimberg, Levar Shamoun, Kristin Af Geijerstam, Kalle Landerholm, Dick Wågsäter","doi":"10.1159/000540887","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 2 (BACE2) cleaves APP which is ubiquitously expressed in a variety of cell types including cancer cells. BACE2 can process APP in several ways and appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Our purpose was to assess the association of mRNA expression and genetic polymorphism of BACE2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility and its association to clinicopathological factors in Swedish patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 720 CRC patients and 470 healthy controls were genotyped for BACE2 gene polymorphism rs2012050, using TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assays based on polymerase chain reaction. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR was used to investigate the BACE2 gene expression in 192 CRC tissue and 181 paired normal tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Assessing clinicopathological factors, we noted that carrying of T allele in C/T and C/T+T/T was significantly associated with a protective role against disseminated cancer and higher lymph node status. Moreover, individuals carrying T/T genotype were significantly more likely to have poorly differentiated cancer. Follow-up data for patients in poorly differentiated cancer and the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cancer-specific survival curves differed between C/C and C/T+T/T for the BACE2 gene polymorphism and that the carriers of the genotype C/C were associated with more favorable prognosis. We found no significant differences in the genotypic frequencies between the patients and healthy controls. BACE2 mRNA level was significantly 2.2-fold upregulated in CRC tissue when compared to noncancerous tissue. A higher BACE2 mRNA level was observed in smaller tumors and in rectal cancer when compared to colon cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with CRC, our results indicate BACE2 rs2012050 as a useful potential predictor of poor differentiation, disseminated cancer and lymph node status and that the BACE2 mRNA expression is associated to tumor size and cancer location.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"48-55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Model Predicting Malignant Potential of Adnexal Masses in Areas with Scarcity of Ultrasound Resources.","authors":"Guangxia Cui, Yu Guo, Wenpei Bai","doi":"10.1159/000542952","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Appropriately stratifying the risk of adnexal masses is of great importance. Many diagnostic algorithms have been devised, most of which rely on ultrasound features. However, some remote areas lack trained sonographers. This study aimed to develop an alternative model to distinguish between malignant and benign adnexal masses in resource-constrained settings using clinical information rather than ultrasound data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included women diagnosed with an adnexal tumor and scheduled for surgery between 2020 and 2023. Participants were divided into two groups based on histopathology reports: those with malignant adnexal masses and those with benign ones. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of adnexal mass malignancy. The training set yielded a nomogram model, which was then validated in the validation set. The model's effectiveness was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We randomly assigned 550 participants to the training and the validation sets in an 8:2 ratio. Logistic regression analyses identified age (OR = 1.044, p = 0.003), abdominal distension (OR = 0.139, p < 0.001), serum CA125 (OR = 1.007, p < 0.001), and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (OR = 1.291, p = 0.004) as independent risk factors for predicting malignant adnexal tumors. A nomogram was constructed using these factors. The ROC curve showed an area under the curve of 0.846 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.783, 0.908) in the training set and 0.817 (95% CI: 0.668, 0.966) in the validation set. The calibration curve showed good consistency between model predictions and actual outcomes. The DCA curve demonstrated a considerable clinical advantage afforded by the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The logistic regression model can aid gynecologists - particularly those in areas with limited access to skilled sonographers - in identifying patients at high risk and implementing appropriate management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant Sequential Chemotherapy for Salivary Duct Carcinomas: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis.","authors":"Younghac Kim, Nayeon Choi, Eun-Hye Kim, Man Ki Chung, Young-Ik Son, Dongryul Oh, Yong Chan Ahn, Se-Hoon Lee, Hyun Ae Jung, Sehhoon Park, Jinyong Kim, Han-Sin Jeong, Myung-Ju Ahn","doi":"10.1159/000543281","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to report the efficacy and safety of adjuvant sequential chemotherapy after definitive treatment of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) compared with the standard treatment alone (surgery with postoperative radiation therapy).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study of pathologically confirmed 135 SDC patients (study period 2009 to 2022). After curative surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy, 55 of 135 patients decided to receive additional chemotherapy (OP + RT + chemo group), while 80 opted for surgery and radiation (OP + RT group). Treatment outcomes of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were compared using a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjuvant chemotherapy consisted of three cycles of cisplatin-based regimen, which was well tolerated in most patients with minimal adverse events. Multivariable analyses indicated that the addition of chemotherapy did not improve OS (p = 0.05), DFS (p = 0.386), and DMFS (p = 0.735), although there was a trend toward favoring adjuvant chemotherapy in terms of OS. With PSM analysis, OS (OP + RT + chemo to OP + RT, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.12-1.29, p = 0.126), DFS (HR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.30-1.56, p = 0.367), and DMFS (HR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.46-1.99, p = 0.903) were not statistically different.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly improve treatment outcomes of SDC patients over the surgery and adjuvant radiation. Further development or clinical studies are required to improve the outcomes of SDC, including chemotherapeutic, biomarkers, immune checkpoint inhibitors, or treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Efficacy of Nal-IRI+5FU/LV and S-1 in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Refractory to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel.","authors":"Kazuhisa Yamaguchi, Yoshinori Kikuchi, Yusuke Kimura, Susumu Iwasaki, Kensuke Takuma, Naoki Okano, Takahisa Matsuda","doi":"10.1159/000543027","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) + 5-fluorouracil (FU)/leucovorin (LV) is the new standard second-line therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). Tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil potassium (S-1) have been used in advanced PC after gemcitabine (GEM) plus nab-paclitaxel treatment, but the clinical difference between nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 in patients with advanced PC refractory to GEM plus nab-paclitaxel. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed patients with advanced PC who were refractory to GEM plus nab-paclitaxel from May 2015 to January 2022 at our hospital. Twelve patients treated with nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and 51 patients treated with S-1 were included in this study. Comparing the nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 groups, the median PFS was 2.95 months versus 2.10 months (p = 0.658), respectively, and the median OS was 8.51 months versus 5.83 months (p = 0.763), respectively. The ORR and DCR were 8.3% and 2.0% (p = 0.347) and 58.3% and 49.0% (p = 0.750) for the nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in adverse events between the two groups. In a subgroup analysis, patients under 65 years of age treated with S-1 had a significantly better median OS (HR, 3.46; 95% CI: 1.02-11.71, p = 0.046).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nal-IRI+5-FU/LV and S-1 were equally effective and safe as second-line therapy for PC. However, the results suggest that S1 is an option for younger patients, especially those under 65 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Mechanism of Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim in the Treatment of Liver Cancer through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Validation.","authors":"Nan Wang, Liwen Tang, Ronghui Duan, Yuhong Shu","doi":"10.1159/000542990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim (HMM), a Chinese traditional medicine , exerts anti-tumor effects and has been extensively studied for its potential to treat cancer in recent years. Clinical research has shown that HMM can control hepatocellular cancer, but the exact molecular mechanism is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify the principal bioactive constituents of HMM and their corresponding targets, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Secondly, the Cytoscape software was utilized to delineate the relationships among drugs, active components, targets, and illnesses. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis using the clusterProfiler tools on the DAVID platform and the Bioconductor package in R. Molecular docking was performed on the PubChem database, whereas the AutoDock, and PyMOL software were utilized to explore the binding affinity of the primary targets and active molecules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses identified six key active constituents of HMM: quercetin, kaempferol, formononetin, isorhamnetin, calycosin, and 7-O-methylisomucronulatol. It was predicted that this herb can modulate the expression of several genes, including TP53, AKT1, MYC, CASP3, VEGFA, EGFR, HIF1A, ESR1, CCND1, and PTGS2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HMM has potential therapeutic effects on the liver cancer. This study provides important insights regarding the methods for investigating HMM in the treatment of hepatocellular cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}