Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score as a Marker for Predicting Outcomes in Patients with either Bladder or Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jie Chen, Suna Fu, Jianhong Yu, Qi Tang, Xiuping Wu, Sai Luo, Huifang Sun","doi":"10.1159/000545001","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the association of pre-treatment-modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) with survival-related outcomes in patients with bladder cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for cohort studies in adult participants (≥18 years). The exposure was pre-treatment mGPS, and the outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Eligible studies compared low mGPS (considered as a score of 0) with a score of ≥1. A random-effects model was used for the analysis. Pooled effect sizes were reported as hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis was performed based on the tumour stage (≤T2 and >T2), sample size (≥200 and <200), treatment (surgical and non-surgical), and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) score (≥8 and ≤7).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 20 studies included in the analysis, 19 studies were retrospective cohort studies. Fourteen studies reported data of patients with BC, and the remaining 6 studies focused on PC patients. Compared to mGPS of 0, higher scores were associated with reduced OS (HR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.99, 3.52), CSS (HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.26), and RFS (HR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.50, 2.08). There was no evidence of publication bias (Egger's p > 0.05). These associations remained valid in subgroup analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher mGPS values were found to be associated with significantly reduced survival outcomes. These findings underscore the prognostic significance of mGPS, thereby highlighting its potential clinical utility in risk stratification and treatment decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Long-Term Continuation of Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Patients Receiving Systemic Chemotherapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.","authors":"Takanori Suzuki, Kiyoto Narita, Kentaro Matsuura, Daisuke Kato, Katsumi Hayashi, Kohei Okayama, Fumihiro Okumura, Satoshi Sobue, Atsunori Kusakabe, Izumi Hasegawa, Tsutomu Mizoshita, Yoshihide Kimura, Hiromu Kondo, Atsushi Ozasa, Hayato Kawamura, Kei Fujiwara, Shunsuke Nojiri, Hiromi Kataoka","doi":"10.1159/000544051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000544051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Changes in liver function in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC), following extended periods from the initiation of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev), have not been fully investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Of 148 u-HCC patients treated with first-line Atez/Bev, the study enrolled 38 u-HCC patients treated with first-line Atez/Bev, whose treatment response was initially evaluated as non-progressive disease (non-PD) and later as PD on imaging, and who then received second-line systemic chemotherapy. We evaluated the relationship between the period from the initiation of first-line Atez/Bev to that of second-line systemic chemotherapy with liver function and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the periods from the initiation of Atez/Bev to that of the second-line therapy, patients were classified into a long continuation group (Group-L, n = 19), ≥11 months; or a short continuation group (Group-S, n = 19), <11 months. The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score at the initiation of the second-line therapy did not differ significantly between the groups (median: -2.38 vs. -2.02, p = 0.559), and the change in ALBI score also did not differ significantly between the groups (median: 0.42 vs. 0.51, p = 0.770). Group-L had significantly better overall survival (OS) than Group-S (not reached vs. 18 months, p = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Liver function did not decrease even after long-term treatment with first-line Atez/Bev in patients who were able to progress to second-line therapy, indicating that long continuation of first-line Atez/Bev may be valuable for improving OS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cachexia Index as a Prognostic Indicator in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab Therapy.","authors":"Khanh Van Nguyen, Kosuke Matsui, Hisashi Kosaka, Hideyuki Matsushima, Hidekazu Yamamoto, Tung Thanh Lai, Kyoko Inoue, Moriyasu Takada, Fujimasa Tada, Atsushi Hiraoka, Takeshi Hatanaka, Toshifumi Tada, Takashi Kumada, Hiroki Kato, Kengo Yoshii, Takashi Yamaguchi, Shinji Shimoda, Makoto Naganuma, Masaki Kaibori","doi":"10.1159/000544979","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated the association between the pretreatment cachexia index (CXI) and survival outcomes in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 195 patients with u-HCC treated with Atez/Bev from September 2020 to December 2023. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by normalizing the psoas muscle area by the square of the height (cm2/m2). The CXI was defined as the SMI × serum albumin level (g/dL)/neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to minimize the effect of potential confounders. Associations between CXI, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the initial cohort, CXI cutoffs of 7.23 for males and 4.99 for females were established. PSM matched 60 pairs of patients with low and high CXI, showing no significant differences in confounding factors between groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the low CXI group had shorter median OS (12.5 vs. 26.1 months, p = 0.009) and PFS (6.1 vs. 11.1 months, p = 0.045) compared with the high CXI group. No significant differences existed between groups in overall response rate (p = 0.994) and disease control rate (p = 0.090). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis identified low CXI as an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.11-3.22, p = 0.019) and PFS (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.01-2.34, p = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CXI may be a valuable prognostic tool for predicting survival outcomes in patients with u-HCC receiving Atez/Bev.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab Is Associated with Favorable Overall Survival over Lenvatinib in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Hyung-Don Kim, Young-Gyu Park, Hyeyeon Hong, Sung Won Chung, Sejin Kim, Min-Hee Ryu, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Jonggi Choi, Danbi Lee, Ju Hyun Shim, Kang Mo Kim, Young-Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Won-Mook Choi, Changhoon Yoo","doi":"10.1159/000545351","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effectiveness outcomes of Child-Pugh class A patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with first-line atezolizumab-bevacizumab and lenvatinib.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients with Child-Pugh A unresectable HCC who were administered first-line treatment with either atezolizumab-bevacizumab (n = 368) or lenvatinib (n = 229) at Asan Medical Center (Seoul, Korea). Effectiveness outcomes were analyzed along with the inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis to adjust for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hepatitis B virus infection was the most common cause of HCC. With median follow-up duration of 11.9 for atezolizumab-bevacizumab and 20.9 months for the lenvatinib groups, patients treated with atezolizumab-bevacizumab exhibited superior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those treated with lenvatinib (median PFS 6.3 vs. 4.9 months, p = 0.031; and median OS 18.5 vs. 11.3 months, p < 0.001). After IPTW adjustment, atezolizumab-bevacizumab remained associated with favorable OS (median OS of 17.9 vs. 12.3 months, p = 0.010). Treatment with atezolizumab-bevacizumab was an independent factor of OS in both the entire and IPTW-adjusted cohorts. For patients with a viral etiology, the atezolizumab-bevacizumab group exhibited significantly longer OS than the lenvatinib group in both entire and IPTW-adjusted cohorts (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). Conversely, both groups showed comparable OS among those with a nonviral etiology (p = 0.656 and p = 0.616, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Atezolizumab-bevacizumab showed superior OS compared to lenvatinib in Asian patients with unresectable HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility of the New Category by Number of Stations for Lymph Nodal Involvement in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Nozomu Motono, Takaki Mizoguchi, Masahito Ishikawa, Shun Iwai, Yoshihito Iijima, Hidetaka Uramoto","doi":"10.1159/000545002","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the ninth edition of the TNM staging system, the new nodal involvement (N) subcategories to N2 for single-station involvement (N2a) and multiple-station involvement (N2b) have been adopted. Although there are significant differences in survival rates for each group of pN categories in the ninth edition, it can be assumed that survival rates in pN1 and pN2a are relatively similar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated the utility of the new category by number of stations such as none, single station, and multiple station for pN in 1,000 NSCLC patients treated by pulmonary resection.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Survival rates were significantly different among none, single station, and multiple station (5-year RFS: none: 79.6%, single station: 47.3%, multiple station: 24.2%, all groups, p < 0.01; 8-year OS: none: 78.7%, single station: 65.2%, multiple station: 33.6%, all groups, p < 0.01). There were significant differences among each group categorized by number of pN station in multivariate analysis for RFS (none vs. single station: p < 0.01, none vs. multiple station: p < 0.01, single station vs. multiple station: p < 0.01). There were significant differences among each group categorized by number of pN station in multivariate analysis for OS (none vs. single station: p = 0.04, none vs. multiple station: p < 0.01, single station vs. multiple station: p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were significant differences among none, single station, and multiple station in each survival curve and in multivariate analysis for both RFS and OS. This category by number of pN station without dependence of location for lymph nodal involvement might be the new classification of lymph node involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Significance of APC Mutation in Patient with Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Kyoung Min Kim, Woo Sung Moon, Gi Won Ha, Ho Sung Park, Kyu Yun Jang, Min Ro Lee, Myoung Ja Chung, Ae Ri Ahn","doi":"10.1159/000545255","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In colorectal cancer (CRC), the prognostic significance of Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the effect of APC mutations on the prognosis of patients with CRC and to elucidate the clinicopathological features associated with these mutations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded CRC specimens were tested for APC mutations using targeted next-generation sequencing, mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. Clinicopathological features were obtained from medical records and through a review of hematoxylin and eosin slides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APC mutations and MMR deficiencies were detected in 72.8% and 8.9% of the patients with CRC, respectively. APC mutations were significantly correlated with male sex (p = 0.046) and left colon cancer (p < 0.001). They were inversely correlated with age (p = 0.020), serum 19-9 elevation (p = 0.047), distant metastasis (p = 0.005) and MMR deficiency (p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, APC mutations correlated with longer overall survival in patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APC mutations are associated with favorable prognostic factors and longer overall survival. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanisms of association between APC mutations to favorable cancer prognosis and their correlation MMR protein expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Env Gene Product Is a Hallmark of Sidedness in Operable Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Maria Dolci, Ivan Civettini, Pietro Francesco Bagnoli, Wafa Toumi, Lucia Signorini, Roberto Crocchiolo, Kevin Kamau Maina, Federica Perego, Pasquale Ferrante, Carolina Scagnolari, Marco Bregni, Serena Delbue","doi":"10.1159/000543099","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) account for approximately 8% of the human genome, where they are integrated and typically remain silent. Despite their inactivation, numerous retroviral sequences retain intact open reading frames capable of producing retroviral transcripts and/or proteins, which have been detected in colon cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three different cohorts of patients who underwent surgery at three different hospitals, comprising 167 Italian and Tunisian colon cancer patients, were analyzed. The expression levels of HERV-H, -K, -P env genes and HERV-K pol gene were assessed in tumor and adjacent healthy tissues using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Correlative analysis was conducted to investigate associations between clinicopathological factors, including tumor location, stage, patient age, lymphocyte infiltration, and vascular/perineural invasion, and HERV gene expression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HERV gene expression level was similar among samples from tumor and from adjacent healthy tissues. Significant (p < 0.05) higher expression of HERV-P and -R env was observed in tumor tissues arising from right colon than from left colon, while HERV-H env was more (p < 0.05) expressed in the left colon than in the right colon. A significant increase in the expression of HERV-H and -K env, following the increasing severity of tumor grade, was observed in the tumor tissue. HERV-H and -P env genes were more expressed in patients under 73 and over 73 years old, respectively, in the tumor tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In colorectal cancer, HERV env gene expression seems to represent a specific signature in tumor and/or adjacent healthy tissues, based on tumor location and patients' age. Analyzing differential HERV expression and its correlation with clinicopathological patient characteristics could be valuable for identifying novel biomarkers and exploring potential therapeutic targets in colon cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosome-Derived miR-148a-3p Protect against Tumor Proliferation and Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma.","authors":"Jingting Zhang, Takeshi Toyozumi, Masayuki Kano, Yasunori Matsumoto, Ryota Otsuka, Nobufumi Sekino, Tadashi Shiraishi, Koichiro Okada, Toshiki Kamata, Shinichiro Iida, Hiroki Morishita, Tenshi Makiyama, Yuri Nishioka, Masanari Yamada, Masaya Uesato, Koichi Hayano, Akira Nakano, Hisahiro Matsubara","doi":"10.1159/000544987","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most serious malignancies worldwide, seriously affecting the survival and living quality of patients. Abnormal expression of microRNAs plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of tumor, while exosomes are usually involved in some biological functions as tools for the delivery of intercellular substances, including miRNAs. The purpose of our study was to investigate the impact of exosome miR-148a-3p expression on ESCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>qRT-PCR was used to examine the relative expression of miR-148a-3p in plasma exosomes and in vitro cells. Cell proliferation ability was tested by CCK-8; the migration and invasion function were tested using Transwell assay. The overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival rate of ESCC patients were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of exosomal miR-148a-3p in ESCC patients' plasma can clearly distinguish the survival rate, and the OS rate with high expression of exosomal miR-148a-3p is clearly higher than the patients with low expression. In cell function tests, the miR-148a-3p expression of ESCC cell lines was lower than in control group. After transfecting miR-148a-3p mimic, the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of experimental group was reduced than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Above experimental results explained that miR-148a-3p showed significant tumor inhibition function both in serum exosomes of ESCC patients and in functional tests of cancer cell lines in vitro, suggesting that exosome miR-148a-3p can inhibit tumor progression and has the potential to be used as an indicator of clinical ESCC diagnosis and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors in Pleural Mesothelioma Patients Receiving First-Line Chemotherapy: Establishing the PLECH Baseline Risk Score.","authors":"Alberto Guijosa, Luis Antonio Cabrera-Miranda, Ana Pamela Gómez-García, Rogelio Trejo Rosales, Wendy Muñoz-Montaño, Diana Flores, Nancy Reynoso-Noverón, Oscar Arrieta","doi":"10.1159/000543637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pleural Mesothelioma (PM) is a rare and aggressive cancer where prognostic assessment is crucial. Traditional prognostic scores such as the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the Cancer and Leukaemia Group B (CALGB) have limitations, particularly in reflecting contemporary treatments and demographic diversities, while more recent scores often include novel biomarkers, not widely available and validated. Our goal is to create an effective prognostic score for PM using readily available baseline data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study at two Mexican cancer centers included patients with unresectable PM treated with first-line chemotherapy from 2010 to 2023. Baseline variables' associations with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Prognostic variables from univariate and multivariate analyses formed a baseline risk score. The score's OS prediction was compared to standard CALGB and EORTC scores using ROC curves and Kaplan-Meier analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 262 patients (69.1% male, 80.5% epithelioid histology), we developed a 0-7 point PLECH score based on five variables: Platelet count (P: +2), high LDH (L: +1), ECOG ≥ 2 (E: +1), Chest pain at diagnosis (C: +2), and non-epithelioid Histology (H: +1). The score had an AUC of 0.70 for predicting 1-year OS, outperforming CALGB (0.60) and EORTC (0.57) scores, with an optimal cut-off of 2.5 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 55%). High scores (≥3) indicated worse OS (12.3 vs. 20.1 months; p<0.001) and PFS (6.4 vs. 11.3 months; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PLECH score, developed from a substantial Latin-American cohort, is a simple and effective prognostic tool for PM patients, outperforming traditional scores. It identifies a high-risk group potentially better suited to alternative treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Stratified Risk of Carboplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients.","authors":"Koki Hashimoto, Takashi Yokokawa, Yuma Nonomiya, Naoki Shibata, Azusa Soejima, Kazuo Kobayashi, Yutaro Mae, Akiko Hasegawa, Takeshi Aoyama, Yoshikazu Tateai, Shuhei Ban, Kotono Nigata, Ryusei Abe, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Hisanori Shimizu, Ryo Ariyasu, Noriko Yanagitani, Kaname Hasegawa, Takashi Kawaguchi, Masakazu Yamaguchi, Kenichi Suzuki","doi":"10.1159/000544875","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Age has been reported as a risk factor for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. However, few reports have described risk factors for nausea and vomiting with carboplatin (CBDCA). This study investigated whether the incidence of CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting differs with age, using 70 years as the cutoff.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent CBDCA for lung cancer at the Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research between November 2020 and October 2023 were included in this retrospective study. The age cutoff was set at 70 years, with the complete response (CR; no vomiting/retching and no rescue medication) rate during the observation period as the endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 198 patients included in the analysis, 114 (57.6%) were ≥70 years old. The CR rate was 36.9% for patients <70 years old and 61.4% for patients ≥70 years old (p = 0.001). In univariate analyses, age <70 years, female sex, no drinking history, no smoking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR. In multivariate analysis, age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were associated with non-CR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age <70 years, no drinking history, and higher CBDCA dose were identified as risk factors for CBDCA-induced nausea and vomiting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}