Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of locoregional treatment for oligo-drug-resistant lesions during first-line atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study.","authors":"Tasuku Nakabori, Sena Higashi, Kaori Mukai, Toshiki Ikawa, Noboru Maeda, Masaki Kawabata, Kana Hosokawa, Kazuhiro Kozumi, Makiko Urabe, Yugo Kai, Ryoji Takada, Kenji Ikezawa, Koji Konishi, Katsuyuki Nakanishi, Kazuyoshi Ohkawa","doi":"10.1159/000546211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite recent advancements, outcomes for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo/bev) remain suboptimal, with drug resistance posing a major challenge. This study evaluated the efficacy of additional locoregional treatments (LRTs) for oligo-atezo/bev-resistant lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed patients with intermediate-stage and advanced-stage HCC who developed drug-resistant lesions during first-line atezo/bev therapy. Patients were divided into two groups: the combination therapy group (n=10) receiving additional LRT and the atezo/bev alone group (n=26). Progression-free survival (PFS) 1 was measured from atezo/bev therapy initiation to progressive disease (PD) or death, whereas PFS2 was calculated from atezo/bev therapy initiation to PD of second-line therapy or death. The PFS1 in the combination therapy group was compared to the PFS1 and PFS2 in the atezo/bev alone group. Two analyses were performed for the PFS and overall survival (OS): one including the total cohort and the other restricted to those eligible for LRT upon the appearance of atezo/bev-resistant lesions. Changes in the hepatic reserve before and after LRT were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LRT, followed by continued atezo/bev therapy, safely eradicated drug-resistant lesions in the combination therapy group, without compromising the hepatic reserve. All patients in the combination therapy group transitioned to second-line treatment due to preserved hepatic reserve after PD. The PFS1 in the combination therapy group was longer than the PFS1 and PFS2 in the atezo/bev alone group in both the total cohort and LRT-eligible subgroup. Similarly, the OS in the combination therapy group was longer than in the atezo/bev alone group in both analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LRTs may provide a viable option for managing oligo-drug-resistant lesions during first-line atezo/bev therapy for unresectable HCC when safely administered.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Know-how Post-transplant Skin cancer for Immunotherapy and target therapies.","authors":"Nerina Denaro, Emanuela Passoni, Giulia Murgia, Cinzia Solinas, Gianluca Nazzaro, Angelo Valerio Marzano, Maria Rosaria Campise, Ornella Garrone","doi":"10.1159/000543801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kidney transplant recipients are increasing, as is their life expectancy. Due to immunosuppression, skin cancers are the neoplasms more common in this population. Cancer immunotherapy is the choice treatment for squamous cell non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) patients who are not candidates for local therapies (radiotherapy and surgery). Basal cell carcinomas, which require systemic therapies, need hedgehog inhibitors (HHi). Special populations such as solid transplant recipients were traditionally excluded from clinical studies. We revised the literature on immunotherapy and hedgehog inhibitors for NMSC in this special population. Immunotherapy might be administered after a multidisciplinary evaluation in selected patients. Previous rejections, high proteinuria, and anti-donor antibody levels might be considered relative contraindications. Hedgehog inhibitors might be prescribed with caution in selected patients, and renal function and further SCC might be evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Cut-Off Value of the MASCC Score to Predict Mortality in Hospitalized Febrile Neutropenic Patients: A Decade-Long Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yasemin Nadir, Pinar Kiran, Damla Erturk, Hale Bulbul, Mustafa Degirmenci, Suheyla Serin Senger","doi":"10.1159/000546029","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Febrile neutropenia (FN) is linked to significant morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Therefore, our study aimed to determine the cut-off value of the MASCC score to predict mortality in hospitalized FN patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 354 hospitalized cancer patients, divided into two groups: the mortality group (n = 116) and the survival group (n = 238). We defined risk factors of all-cause mortality according to a Cox regression model. The optimal cut-off value for the MASCC score was found using Youden's index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 30-day, 60-day, and 90-day mortality rates were 25.1% (n = 89), 30.2% (n = 107), and 32.7% (n = 116), respectively. Having a hematological malignancy, advanced age, comorbidities, higher levels of C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin on admission, profound neutropenia and a lower MASCC score were statistically different in the mortality group compared to the survival group. The only independent risk factor was the MASCC score to predict all-cause mortality according to the multivariate Cox regression models. A MASCC score below 17 showed a sensitivity of 83.6% and a specificity of 94.1% for predicting all-cause mortality in hospitalized FN patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this cohort study, we showed 30, 60 and 90-day mortality rates of hospitalized patients and determined the risk factors. We supported that the MASCC score was an independent risk factor for predicting mortality in hospitalized FN patients. We contributed to the literature by establishing a threshold value for the MASCC score, below 17, showing notably high sensitivity and specificity for predicting all-cause mortality in FN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Impact of Recurrence Pattern for Surgically Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Nozomu Motono, Takaki Mizoguchi, Masahito Ishikawa, Shun Iwai, Yoshihito Iijima, Hidetaka Uramoto","doi":"10.1159/000545310","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although several prognostic risk factors have been identified for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who undergo pulmonary resection, the significance of several factors remains unclear, including the number and location of recurrent foci. Here, we investigated associations between clinicopathological characteristics and the risk of recurrence patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated the prognostic impact of the recurrence pattern and individual recurrence sites for 1,000 NSCLC patients who underwent pulmonary resection between 2002 and 2021. The recurrence was defined by imaging tools, and the data were analyzed using logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Simultaneous intrathoracic and extra-thoracic recurrence was associated with significantly shorter overall survival compared with either recurrence pattern alone. Multivariate analyses identified significant risk factors for sites of recurrence as follows: age (p = 0.03), prognostic nutrition index (p = 0.03), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.03), pathological lymph node metastasis (pN)1 (p = 0.02), and pN2 (p < 0.01) for bone metastasis; cancer-inflammation prognostic index (CIPI) (p = 0.04), maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) (p < 0.01), and pN2 (p < 0.01) for brain metastasis; histological type without adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.01) for liver metastasis; age (p < 0.01), SUVmax (p < 0.01), lower lobe (p < 0.01), and pN2 (p < 0.01) for lung metastasis; CIPI (p < 0.01), SUVmax (p < 0.01), Ly (p = 0.01), pN1 (p < 0.01), and pN2 (p = 0.01) for lymph node metastasis; and CIPI (p < 0.01) for pleural dissemination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Simultaneous intrathoracic and extra-thoracic recurrence was a significant prognostic indicator of poor overall survival. Identification of the risk factors for each recurrence site may assist in planning optimal routine postoperative surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcome-Based Symptom Management Improves Quality of Life in Postoperative Gastroesophageal Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shusheng Wu, Jiayu Niu, Conglan Ding, Lihong Ke, Mengge Li, Ying Yan, Huijun Xu, Xiaoxiu Hu, Wenju Chen, Huiqin Luo, Liyuan Fan, Huimin Li, Lulu Cao, Yifu He","doi":"10.1159/000545529","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Following resection for gastroesophageal cancer, patients may experience symptoms like reflux, anorexia, and weight loss that can significantly impact their quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are becoming more important for symptom monitoring. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge on symptom management post-gastroesophageal cancer resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted on postoperative patients with gastroesophageal cancer. Participants were randomly assigned to the PRO group and usual care (the control group), with a 1:1 ratio. The PRO-based symptom management included symptom assessment, monitoring, and personalized interventions such as lifestyle guidance, nutritional support, and drug therapy. An electronic system was developed on the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) platform to monitor and assess patients' symptoms, QoL, and provide diagnosis and treatment. The study focused on five key symptom events: anorexia, reflux, depression, nutritional risk, and underweight. In the PRO group, assessments were conducted every 3-4 weeks for a minimum of 16 weeks. Interventions for this group primarily involved counseling, patient education, and medication prescriptions based on individual symptoms. The control group's symptoms and QoL were assessed only at baseline and week 16. The primary outcome measure was the total number of symptoms at 16 weeks, with secondary outcomes including the incidence of symptoms at the same time point. QoL was also evaluated as part of the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between April 2021 and May 2022, a total of 124 patients were divided into two groups: 60 in the PRO group and 64 in the control group. The PRO group exhibited notably fewer overall symptoms at the 16-week mark compared to the control group (1.20 ± 1.16 vs. 2.50 ± 1.47), along with a lower prevalence of nutritional risk (63.3% vs. 81.3%), anorexia (18.3% vs. 60.9%), reflux (13.3% vs. 57.8%), and depression (5.0% vs. 20.3%). The QoL scores were markedly higher in the PRO group. Furthermore, the PRO group displayed lower nutritional status, reflux, and depression scale trends, as well as higher anorexia trends when compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PRO-based symptom management led to superior symptom control and enhanced QoL in postoperative gastroesophageal cancer patients when compared to standard care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Relating to Tumor Size and Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Significance of Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, Portal Vein Thrombosis, and Albumin.","authors":"Rossella Donghia, Brian Irving Carr, Sezai Yilmaz","doi":"10.1159/000545636","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maximum tumor diameter (MTD) is one of the key aggressiveness features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the clinical associations and causes of large size HCC are not well understood. The aim was to compare small and large MTD (≤/>6 cm) HCCs with respect to clinical associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MTD ≤/> 6 cm HCCs were compared by clinical characteristics and analyzed through logistical regression models, as well as Cox proportional hazard models for death, on clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with larger HCCs had more portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and tumor multifocality, higher AST, ALKP and GGT levels and lower albumin levels. A logistic regression model of MTD (≤/>6 cm) showed the highest risk for PVT and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) >150, while albumin and female gender were protective. The combination of male gender, PLR >150, plus PVT had an odds ratio of 12.124. In Cox proportional hazard models, the highest hazard ratio for death was for PVT, and only albumin was significantly protective. PVT plus low albumin had a hazard ratio of 4.254.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PVT, albumin, PLR, and gender were significant for ≤/>6 cm MTD. PVT and albumin were significant for survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism and Application Prospect of Noncoding RNA Regulating Tumor Cell Pyroptosis.","authors":"Wang Wan, Qiyang Mao, Zhuohong Ye, Dan Huang, Rongjing Zhang, Kangxian Wang, XueFeng Wang, QiaYu Wu, Zhu Liang, Chunyuan Chen","doi":"10.1159/000543102","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, play essential roles in physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, where they act as drivers or suppressors. Aberrant ncRNA expression in tumors has been linked to tumor promotion or suppression, making them potential cancer biomarkers. Pyroptosis, a newly discovered form of programmed cell death, is characterized by cell swelling, membrane rupture, and inflammation, offering a novel strategy for tumor elimination.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Pyroptosis can activate anti-tumor immunity, while ncRNAs regulate pyroptosis pathways, influencing tumorigenesis through diverse mechanisms. However, the role of ncRNAs in pyroptosis, including potential initiators and their impact on tumor resistance, immunity, and cancer progression, remains unclear. The specific role of circRNAs in pyroptosis also requires further exploration.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This article explores the role of ncRNAs in pyroptosis, with a particular focus on ncRNA-mediated mechanisms, and highlights their potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Social Vulnerability Index on Multiple Myeloma Mortality.","authors":"Jia Yi Tan, Boon Jian San, Tze Ern Ong, Yong Hao Yeo, Modupe Idowu","doi":"10.1159/000545459","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) in the USA has been increasing over the past decades with persistent demographic disparities. Social determinants of health (SDOH) were found to affect health outcomes among certain diseases. However, there were limited data on the impact of SDOH on the MM mortality rates. Our study aimed to investigate the association between the SDOH and MM mortality rates from 2016 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>County-level data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Social Vulnerability Index (CDC/ATSDR SVI) were correlated with MM mortality rates from the CDC WONDER database. Counties were categorized into four quartiles based on SVI scores: SVI-Q1 (lowest vulnerability) to SVI-Q4 (highest vulnerability). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 individuals for patients aged 25 years and above were analyzed. The rate ratio (RR) was measured by calculating the ratio of the AAMRs in SVI-Q4 to SVI-Q1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2016 and 2020, 61,307 MM-related deaths occurred, with 20,390 in SVI-Q4 versus 8,498 in SVI-Q1. Overall, AAMR was higher in SVI-Q4 (4.90; 95% CI, 4.83-4.97) than in SVI-Q1 (4.66; 95% CI, 4.56-4.76), though the RR was not significant (1.05; 95% CI, 0.81-1.36). Higher SVI was not significantly associated with higher AAMR among males (RR: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.73-1.45) or females (RR: 1.10; 95% CI, 0.75-1.62). Among the younger patients (25-64 years old) and the older patients (65 years old and above), increasing SVI was not associated with higher AAMR (RR: 1.27 [95% CI, 0.69-2.34] and 1.01 [95% CI, 0.76-1.34], respectively). SVI was also not significantly associated with higher AAMR in the rural populations (1.07 [95% CI, 0.60-1.92]). Across racial groups - American Indians, Asians, African Americans, Hispanics, and Whites - SVI was not significantly associated with AAMR differences. Similarly, no significant differences were observed when stratified by census regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>African Americans had higher AAMRs from MM compared to other racial groups. However, SVI scores were not significantly associated with MM mortality disparities. These findings suggest that SVI alone is insufficient to determine mortality disparities in MM. Future research should explore more specific indicators to identify at-risk populations and address mortality inequities in MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antihistamines Improve the Survival of Lung Cancer: A 10-Year Cohort Study of Tertiary Hospital in Taiwan.","authors":"Chun-Hsiang Hsu, Chiu-Fan Chen, Chun-Hao Yin, Yao-Shen Chen, Jin-Shuen Chen","doi":"10.1159/000545458","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antihistamines (AHs) have beneficial effects as adjuvant anticancer agent in several preclinical and observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the effect of AHs on stage IV lung cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Cancer Registry Database provided by the Cancer Center of Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital to investigate whether AH use is associated with improved survival among patients with stage IV lung cancer. We analyzed AHs use across various patient subgroups, including sex, age, comorbidities, co-medications, smoking status, histologic type, treatment modality, and survival time. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,886 lung cancer patients were enrolled. Of them, 41 (2.1%) patients were AH users, 1,845 (97.8%) were AH nonusers before lung cancer diagnosis, and 594 (31.6%) patients were AH users, 1,292 (68.4%) were AH nonusers after lung cancer diagnosis. AH users were more to have comorbidities with hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), allergic disease (p < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.002), co-medications with targeted therapy (p < 0.001), and nonaspirin NSAID (p < 0.001). Pre-diagnostic AH users did not show improved survival outcomes. Post-diagnostic AH users tend to have a better OS among patients with a survival period of more than 90 days (median, 28.4 months and 15.1 months, respectively; HR: 0.49; 95% confidence interval: 0.43-0.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AHs use was associated with improved OS in patients with stage IV lung cancer. Further prospective studies are needed to better elucidate the role of AHs in the treatment of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Inflammatory Blood Factors during Chemoradiation Therapy in Rectal Cancer.","authors":"Hiroshi Miyakita, Takashi Ogimi, Hajime Kayano, Masaki Mori, Seiichiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.1159/000545312","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multidisciplinary treatments for advanced rectal cancer are diverse. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) is a total neoadjuvant therapy treatment option. Some studies have reported that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inflammatory blood factors (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet-lymphocyte ratio [PLR], and systemic immune inflammatory index [SII]) are predictors of nCRT efficacy. However, the relationship between changes in TILs and inflammatory blood factors during nCRT and the resulting tumor regression grade (TRG) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether changes in TILs and inflammatory blood factors during nCRT were related to TRG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 196 patients with rectal cancer who underwent curative resection after nCRT for advanced rectal cancer. Immunohistochemical staining of lymphocyte surface markers, including CD3, CD4, and CD8, was performed on biopsy specimens before and during nCRT. Inflammatory blood factors were assessed using blood samples collected before treatment and 7 days after the initiation of nCRT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Changes in CD4 levels were related to TRG. NLR, and SII during nCRT were associated with TRG. TRG tended to be better in patients with values below the cutoff. The NLR during nCRT and changes in NLR, PLR, and SII were associated with the tumor shrinkage rate. Changes in PLR were related to TRG. There was no relationship between TIL, peripheral blood changes, and recurrence rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was suggested that changes in CD4+ TILs immediately after treatment initiation and changes in inflammatory blood factors during treatment may be useful for predicting the reduction rate and TRG. These changes begin early during treatment and may be useful in predicting efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}