Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Low Hepsin Expression Associates with a Better Response to Gemcitabine-Based Neoadjuvant Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Sini Vahtera, Jaana Hagström, Harri Mustonen, Topi Aulis Tervonen, Juha Klefström, Malin Sund, Caj Haglund, Hanna Seppänen","doi":"10.1159/000547820","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepsin is a type 2 transmembrane serine protease, primarily located on the cell membrane, which can degrade the extracellular matrix and modify connections between cells and the extracellular matrix. Given these features, hepsin is thought to play a role in cancer invasion and metastasis. While studied in various other cancers, hepsin's role in pancreatic cancer remains unexamined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study included 223 patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Among these, 66 received neoadjuvant therapy and these were analyzed separately. Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression of hepsin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue. Hepsin expression intensity, ranging from negative to strong, was evaluated against clinicopathological parameters, including age at surgery, sex, T-stage, N-stage, tumor grade, perivascular and perineural invasion, CA19-9 levels, ASA class, stage, and, in the neoadjuvant-treated group, response to neoadjuvant therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong hepsin expression was observed in 105 (67%) patients who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy, while 27 (42%) neoadjuvant-treated patients exhibited a strong expression. Hepsin expression did not associate with survival in either group. In the neoadjuvant-treated group, a strong positivity was, however, associated with a lower T-stage (p = 0.005) and higher N-stage (p = 0.048). Among those receiving gemcitabine-based chemotherapy, a weaker hepsin expression was associated with a better treatment response (p = 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A low hepsin expression following neoadjuvant therapy is associated with a better treatment response among those receiving gemcitabine-based treatment. Thus, hepsin does not appear to influence prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients, regardless of whether they received neoadjuvant therapy or not.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of antibiotic therapy in patients with cholangiocarcinoma treated with chemoimmunotherapy.","authors":"Francesco Vitiello, Caterina Vivaldi, Mario Domenico Rizzato, Anna Saborowski, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Federico Rossari, Francesca Salani, Jin Won Kim, Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli, Emiliano Tamburini, Margherita Rimini, Federica Lo Prinzi, Tomoyuki Satake, Frederik Peeters, Tiziana Pressiani, Jessica Lucchetti, Oluseyi Abidoye, Chiara Gallio, Stefano Tamberi, Fabian Finkelmeier, Guido Giordano, Chiara Pircher, Hong Jae Chon, Chiara Braconi, Aitzaz Qaisar, Alessandro Pastorino, Florian Castet, Changhoon Yoo, Mario Scartozzi, Gerald W Prager, Antonio Avallone, Marta Schirripa, Il Hwan Kim, Lukas Perkhofer, Ester Oneda, Monica Verrico, Alessandro Parisi, Anna Diana, Nuno Couto, Stephen Lam Chan, Ingrid Garajova, Ricardo Roque, Masafumi Ikeda, Monica Niger, Giuseppe Tonini, Vera Himmelsbach, Matteo Landriscina, Gianluca Masi, Arndt Vogel, Sara Lonardi, Lorenzo Fornaro, Lorenza Rimassa, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Jorge Adeva, Gian Paolo Spinelli, Nicola Personeni, Maria Grazia Rodriguez, Silvana Leo, Cecilia Melo Alvim, Giovanni Farinea, Virginia Genovesi, Antonio De Rosa, Daniele Lavacchi, Silvia Camera, Jeroen Dekervel, Rita Balsano, Minsu Kang, Giulia Tesini, Luca Esposito, Alessandro Boccancino, Selma Ahcene Djaballah, Tanios Bekaii-Saab","doi":"10.1159/000546856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with biliary tract cancers (BTC) often require antibiotic therapy before starting systemic treatment that includes an immune checkpoint inhibitor. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic impact of antibiotic therapy administered in the 15 days prior to the start of chemoimmunotherapy in patients with BTC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study population included patients with metastatic or locally advanced BTC from western and eastern populations treated with first-line chemoimmunotherapy. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of antibiotic therapy in the 15 days prior to starting oncological treatment (AT population) compared to patients who did not receive antibiotic therapy (NAT). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate predictive factors for overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) while prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis using Cox regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>666 patients were enrolled in the study: 93 (14%) in AT cohort and 573 (86%) in NAT cohort. In the AT population, the incidence of cholangitis (p = 0.0017), ALT elevation (p = 0.0009), fever (p = 0.0021), decreased appetite (p = 0.0007), itching (p = 0.0081), and rash (p = 0.012) was significantly higher compared to the NAT. The median OS was 15.9 months (95% CI 13.8 - 18.3) in NAT cohort vs 10.1 months (95% CI 7.9 - 12.4) in AT cohort (NAT vs AT, HR 0.43,95% CI 0.27 - 0.70-15.6 p=0.0006) while median PFS was 8.5 months in NAT cohort vs 5.4 months in AT cohort (NAT vs AT, HR 0.49 ,95% CI 0.34 - 0.71 p=0.0001). Multivariate analysis confirmed the prognostic role of antibiotic for OS and PFS. Finally, NAT cohort showed better overall response rate compared with AT cohort (31.4% vs 20.4 %, p=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of antibiotic therapy in the 15 days prior to starting chemoimmunotherapy is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for survival in our cohort of patients with advanced BTC treated with cisplatin, gemcitabine and durvalumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144855942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newly Developed Drugs for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Expanded the Use of Systemic Therapy: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis Using an Electronic Medical Record in Japan.","authors":"Sachiyo Shirakawa, Takanori Yanai, Koji Kawakami","doi":"10.1159/000547883","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Systemic therapy options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have rapidly expanded, transforming the treatment landscape. However, real-world changes in treatment choices remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the current treatment choices for HCC in Japan, considering age and liver functional reserves.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an interrupted time series analysis using electronic medical records in Japan to assess the overall changes in the proportions of systemic therapy among the initial treatments for HCC following the approval of lenvatinib in 2018 and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (atezo/bev) in 2020, stratified by age and modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade. This study included patients who were diagnosed with HCC between 2015 and 2022. We also assessed 2-year survival rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the interrupted time series analysis, the proportions of systemic therapy among the initial treatments for HCC increased by 3.96% (95% confidence interval: 2.75, 5.17, p < 0.001) following lenvatinib approval, with a 1.00% (0.45, 1.55, p = 0.002) slope change per 6 months. There was a 4.27% (1.69, 6.86, p = 0.004) increase in systemic therapy use following atezo/bev approval and a 0.27% (-0.66, 1.20, p = 0.53) slope change. In age subgroups with a cutoff of 75 years, the largest increase in systemic therapy use was 6.94% (4.46, 9.42) in the elderly group following atezo/bev approval (p = 0.189). Increases in systemic therapy use following lenvatinib approval in patients with mALBI grades 2b or 3 and 1 or 2 were 10.0% (6.70, 13.42) and 0.80% (-1.16, 2.77), respectively (p < 0.001). There was no apparent change in the overall 2-year survival or in any subgroup before and after approval.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Newly developed drugs for HCC would expand the population for systemic therapy. The optimal population for systemic therapy should be explored based on long-term survival considering age and liver functional reserve heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Prognostic Impact of Sustained Virologic Response on Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab Therapy for HCV-Related Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Hideko Ohama, Atsushi Hiraoka, Toshifumi Tada, Masashi Hirooka, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Masanori Atsukawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Shinya Fukunishi, Kunihiko Tsuji, Toru Ishikawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Hironori Ochi, Hidenori Toyoda, Yuichi Koshiyama, Chikara Ogawa, Hiroki Nishikawa, Takashi Nishimura, Takeshi Hatanaka, Satoru Kakizaki, Hidenao Noritake, Kazuhito Kawata, Atsushi Naganuma, Hisashi Kosaka, Kosuke Matsui, Tomomitsu Matono, Hidekatsu Kuroda, Yutaka Yata, Hironori Tanaka, Tomoko Aoki, Hideyuki Tamai, Fujimasa Tada, Yuki Kanayama, Kazunari Tanaka, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Norio Itokawa, Tomomi Okubo, Taeang Arai, Teruki Miyake, Osamu Yoshida, Michitaka Imai, Shinichiro Nakamura, Hirayuki Enomoto, Masaki Kaibori, Masatoshi Kudo, Yoichi Hiasa, Takashi Kumada","doi":"10.1159/000547353","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Sustained virological response (SVR) is a favorable prognostic factor for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) treated curatively. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of SVR on atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) therapy for unresectable HCC (uHCC) caused by HCV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 364 uHCC patients treated with Atez/Bev (September 2020-April 2025) and divided into SVR (n = 284) and non-SVR (n = 80) groups was performed, with clinical characteristics, prognosis, and adverse events compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences between the groups for age, sex, platelet count, AFP, or BCLC stage. However, the SVR group showed a significantly better ALBI score (-2.50 vs. -2.16) and lower AST (33 vs. 57 IU/L) and ALT (23 vs. 40 IU/L) levels (p < 0.01). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.1 months in the SVR group and 6.1 months in the non-SVR group (p = 0.443), and median overall survival (OS) was 20.9 months in the SVR group and 18.9 months in the non-SVR group, with no significant differences between the groups (p = 0.560). Following IPW adjustment for factors related to OS, there was no significant difference regarding PFS (p = 0.921) and OS (p = 0.927). Multivariate analysis identified age ≥75 years and poor hepatic function (mALBI grade 2b/3) as independent predictors of poor OS; SVR status was not an independent factor. Changes in ALBI and Child-Pugh scores over time were not significantly different between the groups. In the non-SVR group, adverse events were more common as compared to the SVR group, including liver dysfunction (27.5% vs. 13.0%, p < 0.001) and edema/ascites (12.5% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although SVR was not independently associated with better survival, patients with SVR had preserved liver function and experienced fewer adverse events. These factors may indirectly support improved tolerability and therapeutic options during Atez/Bev therapy for HCV-related uHCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Real-World Single-Center Cohort Study on the Tolerability of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer.","authors":"Ameer Basta, Kyle Lien, Weihong Sun, Junmin Whiting, Melissa Armitage, Aixa E Soyano, Avan Armaghani, Loretta Loftus, Tracey O Apos Connor, Kathrin Dvir, Hyo S Han, Hatem Soliman, Brian J Czerniecki, Ricardo L B Costa","doi":"10.1159/000547685","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The DESTINY-B01 trial led to trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) approval for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2+) metastatic breast cancers (mBCs), with efficacy further confirmed by DESTINY-B03, demonstrating improved progression-free and overall survival versus trastuzumab emtansine. Despite its efficacy, T-DXd had notable adverse events (AEs), including interstitial lung disease, necessitating real-world studies on safety and tolerability. Findings from such studies may help guide treatment selection and inform risk-benefit discussion in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A real-world cohort study evaluated the safety and tolerability of T-DXd in patients with HER2+ mBC. De-identified patient data, tumor characteristics, AEs, dose modifications, and discontinuation rates due to AEs were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2020 and June 2024, 85 predominantly non-Hispanic white patients with a median age of 57 years were treated. Notably, 17.6% had an ECOG performance status of 2-3, 69.4% had 1-2 prior metastatic treatments, 94% had visceral involvement, and most received primary prophylaxis with dexamethasone and palonosetron. Approximately 29.4% initiated treatment at a reduced dose; 40% required further dose reductions, primarily due to fatigue (9.4%). Permanent discontinuation due to AEs occurred in 10.6%. Common AEs included fatigue (95.3%), alopecia (14.1%), and peripheral neuropathy (14.1%). Grade ≥3 AEs were infrequent and included neutropenia (10.6%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (2.4%), elevated alkaline phosphatase (2.4%), and interstitial lung disease (1.2%). No grade 5 events were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T-DXd demonstrated acceptable tolerability with manageable AEs in real-world patients with HER2+ mBC, aligning with clinical trial outcomes and supporting its continued use in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Comorbidity on Antiemetic Efficacy in Patients with Esophageal Cancer Treated with Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Study from Japan.","authors":"Masahiro Hatori, Shota Fukuoka, Shunya Kimura, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Kensei Yamaguchi, Masakazu Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1159/000547684","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cancer patients often have comorbidities due to the aging population or various other factors. However, clinical trials typically exclude specific severe comorbidities, and no prior study has examined their impact on antiemetic efficacy. Our previous research suggested that antiemetic efficacy might be higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) compared to those without DM because of cortisol and substance P. To further investigate this, the current study analyzed which comorbidities affected chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with esophageal cancer treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled Japanese patients with esophageal cancer who received fluorouracil and cisplatin (FP) combination chemotherapy as their initial treatment. The primary endpoint was the total control (TC) rate during the first cycle, defined as no emetic episodes, no nausea, and no rescue medication use over the overall period (0-120 h) measured by patients' diary or medical staff interview. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the TC rate, including previously reported risk factors (age, sex, performance status, body mass index, cisplatin dose, and number of prophylactic antiemetic agents). Comorbidities showing significance in the univariate analysis were further assessed in the multivariate analysis. The significance level was set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 285 eligible patients, the prevalence of comorbidities was as follows: hypertension (36.8%), DM (17.9%), cardiovascular disease (10.6%), and hyperlipidemia (9.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed a significantly higher TC rate during the overall period in patients with cardiovascular disease (50.0%) compared to those without one (32.5%) (adjusted odds ratio 0.455, 95% confidence interval 0.207-0.999, p = 0.0499).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antiemetic regimen appeared to be more effective in patients with esophageal cancer and cardiovascular disease during the overall period when compared to patients without one. The clinical trial stratified by whether cardiovascular disease should be conducted in the further.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144743500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a Neonatal Orthotopic Metastatic Xenograft Model of Hepatoblastoma in Mice.","authors":"Pierre Klein, Hélène Guillorit, Léa Mora Charrot, Romain Laborde, Nathalie Dugot-Senant, Julien Izotte, Benoît Rousseau, Christophe François Grosset","doi":"10.1159/000546028","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most frequent liver cancer in children, typically occurring before the age of five. Thanks to the combination of chemotherapy and surgery, the 5-year survival rate following diagnosis is approximately 83%. Today, the main challenge is the efficient treatment of high-risk patients, particularly those presenting with lung metastasis or experiencing relapse. To better study HB and validate new therapeutic options, various animal models have been developed in mice, chick and zebrafish. However, none of these models fully recapitulates the complexity and juvenile context of the disease, as observed in very young patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To account for the young age of patients and better mimic the hepatic microenvironment in which HBs develop, we established an innovative orthotopic xenograft model of HB in juvenile mice, which also generates lung metastases. Eleven-day-old immunocompromised mice were injected intrahepatically with Huh6 cells. Tumor progression was monitored through bioimaging and confirmed post-euthanasia by direct examination of the liver and lungs using microscopic imaging and immunohistochemistry. To further validate the model, some implanted mice were treated with cisplatin, and the response of HB cells to this DNA intercalating agent was assessed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This neonatal orthotopic xenograft model of HB in mice reproduces lung metastases and exhibits sensitivity to cisplatin. It fully mimics the developmental progression of this pediatric tumor and clearly surpasses existing models in adult mice, paving the way for more robust basic research investigations and preclinical studies in whole animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Safety and Effectiveness of Azacitidine plus Venetoclax versus Intensive Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.","authors":"Yu-Cheng Chang, Hao-Kuen Lin, Yu-Che Lee, Cho-Han Chiang, Wenli Gao","doi":"10.1159/000547415","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Azacitidine plus venetoclax (HMA&Ven) is a well-established treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older or medically unfit patients, given its favorable efficacy and safety profile. Recently, there has been growing interest in extending its use to younger, fitter patients who are traditionally treated with intensive chemotherapy (IC). However, prior studies comparing HMA&Ven to IC have been limited by small sample sizes and inconclusive results.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a propensity score-matched cohort study using the TriNetX database to compare mortality and safety outcomes between HMA&Ven and IC in this population. We included patients aged 60-75 years with a diagnosis of AML who received either HMA&Ven or IC as induction therapy. Patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy following induction were excluded. We matched patients on predetermined variables, such as age, sex, race, comorbidities, medication, socioeconomic status, and healthcare utilization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 370 patients in each treatment group. At the 1-year follow-up, HMA&Ven demonstrated comparable all-cause mortality to IC (HR: 1.16 [95% CI: 0.93-1.44], p value = 0.186). However, HMA&Ven was associated with significantly lower rates of neutropenia (HR: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.60-0.87], p value <0.001) and sepsis (HR: 0.72 [95% CI: 0.56-0.92], p value = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among AML patients aged 60-75, HMA&Ven showed similar 1-year all-cause mortality compared to IC, while offering a significantly better safety profile with reduced risks of neutropenia and sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of HER2 Expression in Prostate Cancer among Mexican Patients.","authors":"Ignacio Antonio Tapia-Salas, Rita Dorantes-Heredia, Rodrigo Rafael Flores-Marinelarena, Regina Moreno-Lopez, Ruth Mariana Sánchez-Pichardo, Jose Ruiz-Morales","doi":"10.1159/000547372","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prostate cancer is one of the main types of cancer in men; specifically, in Mexico there is an increasing trend in incidence in the last 2 decades. The lack of targeted therapy in this neoplasm compels us to find new biomarkers that could work as possible drug targets. HER2 is a protein in cell membrane that has been targeted with different types of antibodies in multiple neoplasms, such as breast or gastric cancer. In prostate cancer, there are few reports of HER2 expression; in one study, the incidence of HER2 in prostatic tissue was 15%, mainly with low expression of the protein; in another report that included a total of 2,525 patients, they reported up to 22.5% of HER2 expression, with HER2 1+ and 2+ being the most common report. There are no reports of HER2 expression in Mexican population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified patients diagnosed with prostate cancer through prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate, between January 2017 and December 2021 in a private hospital in Mexico City, and then performed immunohistochemistry utilizing VENTANA® HER2 (4B5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 277 patients with prostate cancer were included and finally a total of 194 patients were analyzed, reporting an expression of 21.1% of patients, with expression of HER2 1+ in 20.1%, HER2+ 0.5%, and HER2 3+ in 0.5% of patients. We found an association between the presence of HER2 and the prognostic group according to Gleason score that the patients were allocated in.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows that expression of HER2 in prostate cancer in Mexican population is similar to that reported in other countries and that this biomarker could be used as a prognostic factor. As well, the overexpression of this protein might be used as a targeted therapy since there is evidence of the use of drugs such as fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan in different types of tumors that have a low expression of HER2, adding a new possible therapeutic weapon in a tumor with limited therapeutic options.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical Evaluation of 99mTc-Labeled LHRH Analog as Cancer Receptor Imaging.","authors":"Lucía Alfaya, Ximena Camacho, Mirel Cabrera, Marcos Tassano, Eduardo Savio, Laura Reyes, Andrea Paolino, María Fernanda García, Marcelo Fernández, Juan Pablo Gambini, Pablo Cabral","doi":"10.1159/000542823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is the main cause of cancer-related mortality in women in the developed world. In particular, receptors of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH or GnRH) are overexpressed in this malignant disease. The aim of this study was to develop a new molecular probe [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(<sc>d</sc>-Lys6)/tricine/nicotinic acid (NA) as a novel molecular imaging agent for breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(D-Lys6) was acquired and radiolabeled with [99mTc]Tc. Radiochemical purity and stability under different conditions were evaluated by instant thin-layer chromatography (ITLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography. Lipophilicity was determined by the partition coefficient test. In vitro cell binding studies were performed in different human and mice breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, MCF-7, BT474, and 4T1) as well as in normal murine fibroblasts (NIH-3T3) and CHO-K1 as a negative control. Biodistribution studies were performed in normal Balb/c mice and 4T1 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice up to 6 h post-injection (pi). SPECT/CT images were performed in 4T1 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice up to 5 h pi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>[99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(<sc>d</sc>-Lys6)/tricine/NA complex was labeled with a high radiochemical purity (>98%) and remained stable for up to 4 h. It exhibited good hydrophilicity (log p = -2.82 ± 0.04) and also demonstrated significant and specific binding across all evaluated breast cancer cell lines. Biodistribution studies showed a high renal clearance and low nonspecific binding (<2% Act/g) in most organs, as well as appreciable tumor uptake (5.8 ± 0.5 % ID/g 1 h pi) and high tumor-to-muscle ratio (maximum of 30.5 ± 11.2 at 1 h pi). SPECT/CT imaging of 4T1-tumor-bearing Balb/c mice revealed results consistent with the biodistribution studies, showing a tumor-to-non-tumor ratio of greater than 3.5 at all evaluated time points. In vivo blocking studies confirmed specificity for the LHRH receptor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>[99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(<sc>d</sc>-Lys6)/tricine/NA complex has shown significant potential for in vivo visualization of LHRH receptors expression in breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}