Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Predictive Value of Preoperative Peak Oxygen Uptake for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Lung Cancer Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Masaya Noguchi, Masaya Noguchi, Toshiki Takemoto, Masashi Shiraishi, Ryuji Sugiya, Hiroki Mizusawa, Tamotsu Kimura, Akira Tamaki, Yasuhiro Tsutani, Yuji Higashimoto","doi":"10.1159/000543370","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between preoperative peak oxygen uptake/weight (VO₂/W) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) in lobectomies, including video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, remains unclear. Traditional pulmonary function tests are often unreliable in this group, necessitating alternative predictive methods. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the predictive value of preoperative peak VO₂/W for PPC and explore factors related to PPC in lung cancer patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective cohort study included 40 patients with lung cancer complicated by COPD who underwent a preoperative cardiopulmonary exercise test between January 2017 and March 2024. Patients were divided into those with and without PPC (PPC and non-PPC groups, respectively). Clinical parameters such as surgical approach, pulmonary function, low attenuation area, and peak VO₂/W were compared between the groups. The association between these parameters and PPC was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The preoperative % diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (%DLCO) and peak VO₂/W were significantly lower in the PPC group than in the non-PPC group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively), while the ventilatory equivalent/ventilatory carbon dioxide (VE/VCO₂) slope was significantly higher in the PPC group than in the non-PPC group (p < 0.05). In the multivariate logistic analysis including the %DLCO, peak VO₂/W, VE/VCO_{2 slope}, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, only peak VO₂/W was identified as a significant independent factor for predicting PPC. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of peak VO₂/W to predict PPC was 0.93, with a cutoff value of 14.6 mL/min/kg, sensitivity of 78%, and specificity of 95%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed that peak VO₂/W was the most important parameter for predicting PPC in lung cancer patients with COPD. Incorporating cardiopulmonary exercise tests into preoperative assessments could improve risk stratification and perioperative management, potentially reducing the incidence of PPC in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"899-906"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MUC17 Is a Potential New Prognostic Biomarker and Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression in Obstructive Jaundice.","authors":"Eleonóra Gál, István Menyhárt, Zoltán Veréb, Lajos Kemény, László Tiszlavicz, Zoltán Márton Köhler, Anikó Keller-Pintér, Dávid Rakk, András Szekeres, Tamás Takács, László Czakó, Péter Hegyi, Boshra Yosef, Viktória Venglovecz","doi":"10.1159/000541874","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Our working group has previously shown that bile acids (BAs) accelerate carcinogenic processes in pancreatic cancer (PC) in which mucin 4 (MUC4) expression has a central role. However, the role of other mucins in PC is less clear, especially in bile-induced cancer progression. The study aim was to investigate expression of MUC17 in BA- or human serum-treated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Different cell-based assays with RNA silencing/overexpression were used to study the role of MUC17 in cancer progression. Protein expression of MUC17 was evaluated in 55 human pancreatic samples by immunohistochemistry, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare survival curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expression of MUC17 increased in PDAC patients, especially in obstructive jaundice (OJ), and the elevated MUC17 expression associated with poorer overall survival (10.66 ± 1.99 vs. 15.05 ± 2.03 months; log-rank: 0.0497). Treatment of Capan-1 and AsPC-1 cells with BAs or with human serum obtained from PDAC + OJ patients enhanced the expression of MUC17, as well as the proliferative potential of the cells, whereas knockdown of MUC17 alone or in combination with MUC4 decreased BAs-induced carcinogenic processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that MUC17 has a central role in bile-induced PC progression, and in addition to MUC4, this isoform also can be used as a novel prognostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"725-741"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Patterns: Insights from Japanese Pathological Autopsy Registry Analysis.","authors":"Tomohiko Hara, Suguru Oka, Shinji Ito, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Michikata Hayashida, Kazushige Sakaguchi, Shinji Urakami","doi":"10.1159/000542684","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding the metastatic patterns is crucial for the treatment of malignancies. This study aimed to identify the characteristic organ metastases of primary malignancies, including rare malignancies, and classify them according to their metastatic patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted data on primary malignancies and organ metastases from the Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan recorded in 1993-2021. Autopsy findings of the primary and metastatic organs in patients with malignancy were recorded on an organ-by-organ basis. The metastatic frequency (number of metastases per autopsy) and the proportion (percentage of organs with metastases out of the total in a primary malignancy) for 48 organ metastasis sites across 76 primary malignancies were calculated. Metastatic patterns were classified into hierarchical and nonhierarchical clustering classifications based on the standard proportion of organ metastases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 332,195 autopsy cases and 810,206 organ metastases were analyzed. The metastatic frequency of all malignancies was 2.44. Malignancies of the placenta, eye, and ovary showed a higher propensity for metastasis, whereas central nervous system malignancies showed a lower tendency. Metastasis site was a characteristic of each malignancy, with a particularly high proportion of lung metastasis in parathyroid malignancy and bone metastasis in prostate malignancy. In the hierarchical and nonhierarchical cluster methods, brain, lung, liver, bone, peritoneum, and hematolymphoid organ were key metastatic sites, and this factor divided primary malignancies into seven categories. The unweighted kappa coefficient comparing the two classification methods was 0.84 (95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.93). The proportion of metastatic organs was influenced by anatomical location and/or organ specificity of the primary malignancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the patterns and frequencies of metastatic organ sites associated with 76 primary malignancies. Our findings will provide useful information for future research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"655-666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting High-Risk Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma: The Power of Plasma Cell-Related Genes.","authors":"Jiameng Gao, Xianqiang Zhou, Weibin Tian, Junyi Xia, Lei Wang, Yao Shen, Yao Shen","doi":"10.1159/000543101","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543101","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The incidence of lung cancer remains high worldwide and is still the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The primary reason for this is that the vast majority of patients are diagnosed only when the disease has progressed to an advanced stage or metastasized. Therefore, early diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial. Approximately 85% of lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As a type of NSCLC, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is more prone to distant metastasis and has a poorer prognosis. It is often primarily treated with immunotherapy. Currently, immunotherapy mainly focuses on T cells. However, with the deepening of research, plasma cells, which have long been considered non-essential in anti-tumor responses, have been increasingly recognized for their critical role.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study integrates data from TCGA, Tumor Immune Single-Cell Hub 2 (TISCH), and 10X databases, focusing on plasma cells. Through clustering analysis and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis, it aimed to establish a predictive model for high-risk LUAD patients and further explore the relationship between the risk model and immune cells, with the goal of providing potential predictions for the efficacy of immunotherapy for patients. Additionally, we conducted drug sensitivity analysis and immune checkpoint analysis to identify drugs with potential benefits for the clinical management of high-risk patients. At the same time, we performed further immune checkpoint analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets for LUAD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;By integrating the TCGA, TISCH, and 10X databases and focusing on plasma cells through clustering analysis and LASSO regression analysis, we established a predictive model for high-risk LUAD patients involving four feature genes: BEX5, CASP10, EPSTI1, and LY9. The ROC and results demonstrate that our model has strong predictive performance. Additionally, we found that the risk model is closely related to immune cells, providing the potential for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy for patients. Subsequently, we conducted drug sensitivity analysis and immune checkpoint analysis, revealing that the majority of drugs are more sensitive to low-risk patients, while ABT-888, AS601245, and CCT007093 may have greater potential clinical benefits for high-risk patients. Immune checkpoint analysis showed significant differences in the expression of ADORA2A, BTLA, CD276, CD27, CD28, CD40LG, CD48, and TNFRSF14 between high-risk and low-risk patient groups, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for LUAD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;We constructed a risk assessment model for LUAD patients based on these genes. This model achieved breakthroughs in predicting the prognosis of LUAD patients with different risk levels and identifying potential immune targets, which were validated in the TCGA-LUAD clinical ","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"848-862"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study on the Progression of Neuroendocrine Carcinomas and Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.","authors":"Fei Yin, Xiaoling Duan, Man Zhao, Xiaolei Yin, Lili Mi, Jianfei Shi, Ning Li, Xin Han, Guangjie Han, Jinfeng Wang, Jiaojiao Hou, Fei Yin","doi":"10.1159/000542893","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prognostic differences between neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to compare the prognostic outcomes of NEC and MiNEN by analyzing the clinicopathological features of these diseases and exploring factors affecting progression after radical surgery. Additionally, we employed whole-exome sequencing to investigate the molecular mechanisms influencing the prognosis of both conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 252 patients followed, 163 underwent surgical treatment. The median time to tumor progression was 16 months (range: 9-56 months). Tumor pathology type (p = 0.007), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.0001), and distant metastasis (p < 0.0001) were identified as independent factors affecting disease progression in NEC and MiNEN patients. MiNEN patients without lymph node or distant metastasis generally had a better prognosis. First-line chemotherapy regimens did not show a significant impact on disease progression (p = 0.160, median progression-free survival [mPFS]: 36 vs. 13 vs. 23 vs. 15 months). However, the etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) regimen has shown good efficacy in gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) (p = 0.048, mPFS: 45 vs. 12 vs. 32 vs. 16 months), especially in gastric MiNENs (p = 0.022, mPFS: Undefined vs. 11 vs. 52 vs. 37 months). Further investigation into the genetic mutation differences between NECs and MiNENs revealed that among previously sequenced data, rectal NECs commonly exhibited mutations in MUC16, SPTA1, ATM, PDGFB, NF1, FAT4, AR, APC, ANTXR2, and ADGRA2. In contrast, rectal MiNENs showed common mutations in NOTCH2, ZNRF3, CARD11, TP53, OBSCN, FPR1, APC, ANGPT2, ARID1A, and AR. Mutations in ANGPT2 and OBSCN were present in two rectal MiNEN cases, while NF1 and PDGFB mutations were found in two rectal NEC cases but not in MiNENs. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway appears to be specific to rectal NECs and may be involved in tumor progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EP regimen remains the most effective chemotherapy option for neuroendocrine tumor patients. There were prognostic differences between NECs and MiNENs, as well as differences in genetic mutations and signaling pathways. This study provided new insights into the prognosis assessment and treatment strategies for NENs, particularly highlighting the importance of personalized treatments and the development of novel targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"874-887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparison of FLOT and DCF Regimens as Perioperative Treatment for Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Gökhan Uçar, Serhat Sekmek, İrfan Karahan, Yakup Ergün, Özlem Aydın İsak, Sezai Tunç, Mutlu Doğan, Fatih Gürler, Doğan Bayram, Yusuf Açıkgöz, Selin Aktürk Esen, Burak Civelek, Fahriye Tuğba Köş, Öznur Bal, Efnan Algın, Tülay Eren, Gökşen İnanç İmamoğlu, Zuhat Urakçı, Ozan Yazıcı, Nuriye Özdemir, Doğan Uncu","doi":"10.1159/000540517","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Locoregional gastric cancer is a still serious problem and perioperative treatments may improve the success of management. Different regimens were examined. The present study purposed to compare the efficacy of fluorouracil-leucovorin-oxaliplatin-docetaxel (FLOT) and docetaxel-cisplatin-fluorouracil (DCF) regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective multicenter study assessed the patients with locoregional gastric cancer. There are 240 patients (137 DCF, 103 FLOT). Survival rates were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demographic features were similar between the two groups, but the time period was different. The FLOT group had 7.8% pathological complete response, while the DCF group did not. Disease-free survival was longer in the FLOT than in the DCF group (median not reached - 13.94 months, respectively). Median overall survival was similar (30.9 vs. 37.8 months), but median follow-up affected the analysis. Survival for 36 months was 63% for the FLOT group and 40% for the DCF group (log-rank; p = 0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FLOT regimen was superior to DCF regimen for response and survival rates. DCF is a historical approach. Long-term follow-up period is needed for FLOT treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Diagnostic Model for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Using Machine Learning and Blood-Based miRNAs.","authors":"Jason Y Tang, Valentina L Kouznetsova, Santosh Kesari, Igor F Tsigelny","doi":"10.1159/000540329","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has the lowest survival rate among all major cancers due to a lack of symptoms in early stages, early detection tools, and optimal therapies for late-stage patients. Thus, effective and non-invasive diagnostic tests are greatly needed. Recently, circulating miRNAs have been reported to be altered in PDAC. They are promising biomarkers because of stability in the blood, ease of non-invasive detection, and convenient screening methods. This study aimed to use blood-based miRNA biomarkers and various analysis methods in the development of a machine-learning (ML) model for PDAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood-based miRNAs associated with PDAC were collected from open sources. miRNA sequences, targeted genes, and involved pathways were used to construct a set of descriptors for an ML model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bioinformatics analysis revealed that most genes in pancreatic cancer and insulin signaling pathways were targeted by the PDAC-related miRNAs. The best-performing ML model with the Random Forest classifier was able to achieve an accuracy of 88.4%. Model evaluations of an independent PDAC-associated miRNAs test set had 100% accuracy while non-cancer miRNAs had 52.4% accuracy, indicating specificity to PDAC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest an ML model developed using blood-based miRNA biomarkers' target gene, pathway, and sequence features could be potentially implicated in PDAC diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"209-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Ability of Rule of 3 in Parathyroid Cancer: Outcomes from a South Asian Cohort.","authors":"Diluka Pinto, Mallika Dhanda, Amit Agarwal, George Hsy He, Jolene Li Ling Chia, Rajeev Parameswaran","doi":"10.1159/000541543","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative diagnosis of parathyroid cancer (PC) where possible allows for en-bloc resection of the tumour, which is associated with excellent prognosis. The rule of >3 (size of tumour larger than 3 cm; corrected calcium more than 3 mmol/L) as proposed by Schulte and Talat has a specificity of 95% in predicting malignancy in parathyroid neoplasms. We looked at the impact of rule of 3 in predicting malignancy and outcomes on intervention in a South Asian cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent parathyroid surgery between 2010 and 2023 at two tertiary referral centres were assessed. Patients with PC were selected and their clinicopathological parameters, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen of 336 (3.8%) patients with a mean age of 61.8 (±17.5) years were diagnosed with PC during the study period. The highest mean preoperative values were PTH (92.4 ± 66.27 pmol/L), highest corrected calcium (3.21 ± 0.28 mmol/L), and alkaline phosphatase (419 IU/mL). Nine patients underwent en-bloc excision while the other had focussed parathyroidectomy. Recurrences were recorded in 2 (28.5%) patients over a mean follow-up period of 69 (±48.6) months. One patient with lung metastasis underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery. There was no disease specific mortality in this cohort during the study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our experience, the predictive rule of 3 has low sensitivity to suspect PC preoperatively, resulting in limited usefulness in clinical practice. Outcomes appear to be less favourable with higher recurrence rates in cases where less than en-bloc resection is performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"380-388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Survival Outcomes in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer after Mastectomy with or without Breast Reconstruction.","authors":"Heng Zhang, AiJie Zhang, Tingting Wei, Hongbo Huang, Ying Huang, Ze Zhang, Yijing Xu, Lingquan Kong, Yunhai Li, Fan Li","doi":"10.1159/000541771","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is ongoing debate about the safety of breast reconstruction for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) who have undergone total mastectomy (TM). More and more LABC patients are undergoing breast reconstruction after TM, but its long-term survival outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the survival outcomes of LABC patients who underwent breast reconstruction after TM with those who did not, based on a large sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected data for all LABC patients who underwent TM with or without breast reconstruction in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We divided patients into two groups: TM group and total mastectomy with reconstruction (TM+R) group. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to eliminate imbalances of baseline data between the two groups. Data were analyzed using χ2 tests, Kaplan-Meier methods, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>We identified 39,112 eligible patients (33,169 patients received TM and 5,943 received TM+R), and 8,680 patients were matched after PSM (4,340 patients received TM and 4,340 received TM+R). Patients with middle age, white, married, lived in urban, IIB-IIIA stage, invasive ductal carcinoma, pathological grade II-III, hormone receptor-positive, and undergone chemotherapy were more likely to receive breast reconstruction. After PSM, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed better OS and BCSS in the TM+R group versus the TM group (OS: p < 0.001; BCSS: p = 0.008). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that TM+R significantly improved OS and BCSS (OS: hazard ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.68, 0.79], p < 0.001; BCSS: 95% CI [0.79, 0.94], p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with old age, white, and hormone receptor-positive had better OS and BCSS by TM+R compared to TM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breast reconstruction after TM is associated with better OS and BCSS in patients with LABC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"477-489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Index Based on Inflammatory Markers Correlates with Treatment Efficacy of Nivolumab for Recurrent/Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer.","authors":"Hiroe Tada, Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa, Hideyuki Takahashi, Kazuaki Chikamatsu","doi":"10.1159/000542683","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors provide new treatments for patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck cancers. Herein, we focused on systemic inflammatory markers in peripheral blood, including blood cell fractions, albumin (Alb), and C-reactive protein, and determined their association with nivolumab treatment response. We also examined the potential application of inflammatory markers as prognostic tools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed pretreatment systemic inflammatory markers in 61 patients with R/M head and neck cancer treated with nivolumab, determining their association with treatment response using Kaplan-Meier, multivariate, and regression analyses. Using flow cytometry, we investigated circulating T-cell subsets in 36 patients with R/M head and neck cancer. Finally, we examined the correlation between each statistically analyzed parameter and peripheral circulating T-cell activation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Systemic inflammatory marker values were used to estimate overall survival (OS) time by performing multivariate analysis. Systemic inflammatory markers were assigned importance for each coefficient. Monocyte and lymphocyte counts strongly impacted OS. Indices dependent on white blood cell and monocyte counts, lymphocyte percentage, platelet count, Alb levels, and prognostic nutrition index were useful prognostic tools in the regression analysis. The simplest prognostic index was defined as white blood cells (103/μL) +2 × lymphocyte percentage (%) +12 × number of monocytes (103/μL) + 27 × serum Alb. A high index that was significantly associated with a better prognosis negatively correlated with CD38/CD8 and ki67/CD8 percentages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the findings of the present study, systemic inflammatory markers may help predict the prognosis, activation, and exhaustion of circulating T cells. In patients with R/M head and neck cancer treated with nivolumab, systemic inflammatory markers could provide new insights into rational strategies in cancer immunotherapy for R/M head and neck cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"714-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}