Nutritional Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Moderate cryptoxanthin intake correlates with maintenance of a proper PINT index in a general Japanese population.","authors":"Masaki Ryuzaki, Hiroki Mizukami, Yuki Takeuchi, Sho Osonoi, Takanori Sasaki, Zhenchao Wang, Hanae Kushibiki, Takahiro Yamada, Keisuke Yamazaki, Saori Ogasawara, Takefusa Tarusawa, Tatsuya Mikami, Kenichi Hakamada, Shigeyuki Nakaji","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2383082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2383082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Small fibre neuropathy (SFN) is an early manifestation of diabetic polyneuropathy. Although oxidative stress, inflammation and change of intestinal bacterial population are assumed to be their pathogenesis, the effects of dietary nutrition have not been evaluated. The relationship between dietary nutrition intake and pain sensation was evaluated in the Japanese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted the Iwaki project, a population-based study recruiting 1,028 individuals, in 2018. The relationships between the pain threshold from intraepidermal electrical stimulation (PINT) and the amount of dietary nutrition evaluated by a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire were examined. The odds ratio was further explored after categorizing subjects based on low (< 63.7 μg/day), intermediate (63.7-159.2 μg/day), and high cryptoxanthin levels (> 159.2 μg/day).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate linear regression analyses showed significant correlations between PINT and cryptoxanthin intake even after adjustments for other nutritional intakes (ß = 0.107, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed low and high cryptoxanthin intake as significant risk factors for abnormal PINT (≥ 0.20 mA). Multivariate linear regression analyses showed significant correlations between PINT and cryptoxanthin intake levels after adjustment for other clinically PINT-related factors (ß = 0.09, <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adequate intake of cryptoxanthin is recommended to maintain the pain threshold in the Japanese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of L-theanine on selective attention in a traffic-related reaction task in sleep-deprived young adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled, crossover study.","authors":"Umangi W Karunaratne, Tharaka L Dassanayake","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2383080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2383080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>L-theanine is a non-protein-forming amino acid found in tea. Limited evidence suggests that it improves selective attention. Sleep deprivation impairs attention and psychomotor reactions, affecting automobile driving. We aimed to determine whether L-theanine improves neurobehavioral measures of visual attention in acutely sleep-deprived healthy adults in a traffic-scene-based attention task.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced, two-way crossover study, we compared the effects of a 200-mg dose of L-theanine with a placebo (150 ml of distilled water) on a computerised, traffic-scene-based visual recognition reaction task in 24 healthy volunteers (age 20-25 years; 13 males) sleep-deprived overnight. The participants made speeded button-presses to imminent accident scenes (i.e. hits), while ignoring safe scenes. They were tested pre-dose and 45 min post-dose, each treatment administered one week apart.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hit rates were more than 90% in all sessions, and were similar in two treatments, pre- vs post-dose. L-theanine significantly reduced false alarms (i.e. responses to safe scenes) (<i>p </i>= 0.014) and increased A<i>'</i> (i.e. target-distractor discriminability) (<i>p </i>= 0.009), whereas placebo did not (<i>p </i>> 0.05). L-theanine reduced hit reaction time by 38.65 ms (<i>p </i>= 0.007), and placebo by 19.08 ms (<i>p </i>= 0.016), however reaction time changes from baseline were not significantly different between treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>L-theanine in high doses appears to improve selective visual attention by concurrently improving information processing speed and target-distractor discriminability in acutely sleep-deprived individuals. This is consistent with previous functional neuroimaging findings, where L-theanine suppressed distractor-processing and default-mode-network activity in visual selective attention tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal choline supplementation in neurodevelopmental disorders: mechanistic insights from animal models and future directions.","authors":"Cole King, Bethany Plakke","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2377084","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2377084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesize evidence from animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) using maternal choline supplementation, to characterize current knowledge on the mechanisms of choline's protective effects against NDD, and to identify gaps in knowledge for future study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted in PubMed to identify studies using prenatal choline supplementation interventions in rodent models of neurodevelopmental disorders. 24 studies were identified, and behavioral and biological findings were extracted from each. Studies examining both genetic and environmental risk factors were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maternal choline supplementation during gestation is protective against both genetic and environmental NDD risk factors. Maternal choline supplementation improves both cognitive and affective outcomes throughout the lifespan in NDD models. Prenatal choline improved these outcomes through its participation in processes like neurogenesis, epigenetic regulation, and anti-inflammatory signaling.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Maternal choline supplementation improves behavioral and neurobiological outcomes in animal models of NDD, paralleling findings in humans. Animal models provide a unique opportunity to study the mechanisms by which gestational choline improves neurodevelopmental outcomes. This is especially important since nearly 90% of pregnant people in the United States are deficient in choline intake. However, much is still unknown about the mechanisms through which choline and its derivatives act. Further research into this topic, especially mechanistic studies in animal models, is critical to modernize maternal choline intake guidelines and to develop interventions to increase maternal choline intake in vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal sex-specific impacts of high-fat diet on dopaminergic dysregulation and behavior from periadolescence to late adulthood.","authors":"Antoniette M Maldonado-Devincci, Anuoluwapo E Odelade, Adenike Irby-Shabazz, Vidya Jadhav, Pragya Nepal, Evelyn M Chang, Alex Y Chang, Jian Han","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2377471","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2377471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Obesity is recognized for its adverse impact on brain health and related behaviors; however, the specific longitudinal effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) from juvenile stages of development through late adulthood remain poorly understood, particularly sex-specific outcomes. This study aimed to determine how prolonged exposure to HFD, commencing during periadolescence, would differentially predispose male and female mice to an elevated risk of dopaminergic dysregulation and associated behavioral deficits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One-month-old C57BL/6J male and female mice were subjected to either a control diet or an HFD for 5 and 9 months. Muscle strength, motor skills, sensorimotor integration, and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed at the end of the 5th and 8th months. Key dopaminergic molecules, including dopamine (DA), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), dopamine transporter (DAT), and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), were quantified at the end of the 5th or 9th months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Behaviorally, male mice exposed to HFD exhibited more pronounced alterations in sensorimotor integration, anxiety-like behavior, and muscle strength after the 5th month of dietary exposure. In contrast, female mice displayed most behavioral differences after the 8th month of HFD exposure. Physiologically, there were notable sex-specific variations in the dopaminergic pathway response to HFD. Male mice exposed to HFD exhibited elevated tissue levels of VMAT2 and DRD2, whereas female mice showed reduced levels of DRD2 and DAT compared to control groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings indicate a general trend of altered time course susceptibility in male mice to chronic HFD consumption compared to their female counterparts, with male mice impacted earlier than females.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of dietary depression index in Chinese adults.","authors":"Min Gao, Jiali Zheng, Fangyu Li, Yumeng Yan, Yin Wu, Sha Li, Jun Li, Xiaoguang Li, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2376981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2376981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Previous studies have suggested diet was associated with depressive symptoms. We aimed to develop and validate Dietary Depression Index (DDI) based on dietary prediction of depression in a large Chinese cancer screening cohort.<b>Methods:</b> In the training set (<i>n</i> = 2729), we developed DDI by using intake of 20 food groups derived from a food frequency questionnaire to predict depression as assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 based on the reduced rank regression method. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were used to assess the performance of DDI in evaluating depression in the validation dataset (<i>n</i> = 1176).<b>Results:</b> Receiver operating characteristic analysis was constructed to determine the best cut-off value of DDI in predicting depression. In the study population, the DDI ranged from -3.126 to 1.810. The discriminative ability of DDI in predicting depression was good with the AUC of 0.799 overall, 0.794 in males and 0.808 in females. The best cut-off values of DDI for depression prediction were 0.204 overall, 0.330 in males and 0.034 in females. DDI was a validated method to assess the effects of diet on depression.<b>Conclusion:</b> Among individual food components in DDI, fermented vegetables, fresh vegetables, whole grains and onions were inversely associated, whereas legumes, pickled vegetables and rice were positively associated with depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate and residual effects of functional chewing gum on sustained attention and mood.","authors":"Emily Haworth, Crystal F Haskell-Ramsay","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2379698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2379698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Chewing gum has been shown to improve aspects of cognition and mood with sustained attention being particularly receptive to the effects of chewing. Chewing gum may also be a useful vehicle for administering functional ingredients. The herbal extract Rhodiola rosea and certain B-vitamins have previously been shown to improve aspects of cognition and subjective state, but their combined effects have not been studied to date.<b>Methods:</b> The current randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, balanced crossover study compared the effects of a functional gum containing Rhodiola rosea and B-vitamins to flavour-matched regular chewing gum and a flavour-matched placebo. Thirty-six healthy young participants completed measures of attention and mood at baseline, during chewing, and 1-h after chewing.<b>Results:</b> Chewing both functional and regular gum was shown to reduce errors on a digit vigilance task compared to placebo irrespective of whether measured during or after chewing. There were no benefits to adding functional ingredients to the gum.<b>Discussion:</b> Future chewing research should consider different formats of placebo. Sex differences in response to chewing and the impact of rate and intensity of chewing should also be explored.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05544500.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary riboflavin intake and cognitive decline in older adults: a cross-sectional analysis.","authors":"Kai Zhang, Tianyi Cai, Yu Han, Zhaoxuan Gu, Rui Hu, Zhengyan Hou, Xiaoqi Yu, Yafang Gao, Min Gao, Tianzhou Liu, Yixin Zhang","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2375171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2375171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research exploring the link between dietary riboflavin intake and cognitive decline in this demographic is limited. Our aim was to examine the association between riboflavin intake levels and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2011 to 2014 were utilized in this cross-sectional analysis. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease test Word Learning delayed recall trial (DR), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Animal Fluency Test(AFT) and Z test were used to evaluate cognitive performance. Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline and subgroup analysis were performed to evaluate the associations between riboflavin intake and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included a total of 2255 patients, with 47.9% being male. The incidence of cognitive decline was 23.8%. After adjusting for all selected covariates, we found that high riboflavin intake was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment in adults in the United States. When riboflavin intake was used as a Categorical variable, compared to those with the lowest intake, the odds ratio (OR) of individuals with the highest riboflavin intake for DR test, AFT test, DSST test and Z test were 0.73 (95% CI: 0.53~1), 0.68(95% CI: 0.49-0.96),0.53(95% CI: 0.37-0.77) and 0.56(95% CI: 0.39-0.8). The study also found an L-shaped association between riboflavin intake and cognitive decline, with an inflection point at approximately 2.984 mg/d.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our cross-sectional study in a nationwide sample of American old adults suggests that dietary riboflavin intake was negative associated with cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between dietary intake of fats and transient global amnesia (TGA).","authors":"Zahra Mahmoudi, Ali Tajik, Mahsa Vahdat, Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh, Zahra Saeedirad, Fatemeh Azaryan, Arezoo Amjadi, Farkhondeh Alami, Neda Valisoltani, Masoomeh Alsadat Mirshafaei, Sara Khoshdooz, Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Saeid Doaei, Akram Kooshki","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2359866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2359866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Different types of dietary fat may influence memory and cognitive functions. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary fat intake and transient global amnesia (TGA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted using Persian Sabzevar cohort data on 258 individuals with TGA and 520 individuals without amnesia in Sabzevar Iran. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess the intake of dietary fats of the participants. All study participants were screened for TGA by a neurologist and their status was determined based on the diagnostic symptoms defined by the Kaplan and Hodges criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was an inverse association between the risk of TGA and dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (OR = 0.94, CI95%:0.88-0.99, <i>P</i> = 0.01). Also, a positive association was observed between TGA and dietary intake of n-6 fatty acids (OR = 1.18, CI 95%: 1.04-1.33, <i>P</i> = 0.01). The results remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, education, job, marital status, physical activity, BMI, and calorie intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Omega-3 fatty acids may have beneficial effects; however, omega-6 fatty acids may have adverse effects on the risk of amnesia. Further longitudinal studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin and macular carotenoids and relations to academic achievement among school-aged children.","authors":"Laura M Rosok, Corinne N Cannavale, Shelby A Keye, Hannah D Holscher, Lisa Renzi-Hammond, Naiman A Khan","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2370175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2370175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b><b>Objectives:</b> Carotenoids are plant pigments that accumulate in human tissue (e.g. macula and skin) and can serve as biomarkers for diet quality; however, knowledge on skin and macular carotenoids in relation to cognition in children is limited. This study aimed to address this gap by assessing links between skin and macular carotenoids and academic achievement in school-aged children.<b>Methods:</b> Children 7-12 years old (<i>n</i> = 81) participated in a crosssectional study. Skin and macular carotenoids were measured with reflection spectroscopy and heterochromatic flicker photometry, respectively. Academic achievement was measured using Woodcock-Johnson IV (WJ-IV). Body Mass Index was calculated using height and weight measurements, demographic information was collected using a family demographics and pediatric health history questionnaire, and carotenoid intake was assessed using 7-day diet records.<b>Results:</b> Skin carotenoids were not related to macular pigment (<i>r</i> = 0.08, <i>p</i> = 0.22). Adjusting for age, sex, BMI percentile, household income, and total carotenoid consumption (mg/1000kcal), skin carotenoids were predictive of math (β = 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.02), broad math (β = 0.36, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and math calculation (β = 0.38, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Skin carotenoids displayed trending relationships with broad reading (β = 0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and reading fluency (β = 0.22, <i>p</i> = 0.07). There were no significant associations between macular pigment and academic achievement (all β's ≤ 0.07, all <i>p</i>'s ≥ 0.56).<b>Discussion:</b> Skin carotenoids were positively associated with academic abilities in children, while macular carotenoids did not display this relationship. Future interventions examining prospective effects of changes in carotenoids in different tissues on childhood academic achievement are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) with depression and anxiety symptoms: the Isfahan functional disorders (ISFUN) cohort study.","authors":"Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Awat Feizi, Parisa Hajihashemi, Hassan Shahoon, Alireza Ani, Hamidreza Roohafza, Peyman Adibi","doi":"10.1080/1028415X.2024.2372190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2024.2372190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Due to scarce epidemiologic data regarding the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) and mental health disorders, this study aimed to investigate the association of PDQS with depression and anxiety symptoms in Iranian adults.<i>Methods</i>: This cross-sectional analysis was performed using the baseline data collected for the Isfahan functional disorders (ISFUN) cohort study. ISFUN was established in 2017 and enrolled apparently healthy adults, aged 18-65 years in Isfahan, Iran. Information on usual dietary intakes was collected using a validated Dish-based, 106-item food frequency questionnaire. The severity of depression and anxiety was assessed using a validated Iranian version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.<i>Results</i>: A total number of1892 participants were enrolled in the present study. In total, 54.50% of subjects were female. In the fully adjusted model, participants with PDQS lower than median compared with those with PDQS higher than median had higher risk of depression (OR =   1.62; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.37) and anxiety (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.27). In stratified analysis by sex, males with PDQS lower than median compared with those with PDQS higher than median had greater risk for depressive (OR: 1.57) and anxiety symptoms (OR =   1.52). However, in females, no significant association was found between PDQS and odds of depression, and anxiety in the fully adjusted model.<i>Conclusion</i>: We found evidence indicating a significant inverse association between PDQS and depression and anxiety symptoms among Iranian adults. Further studies, in particular with prospective design, are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19423,"journal":{"name":"Nutritional Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141580353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}