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Gut-derived cinnamic acid limits allergic airway inflammation via the SAT1-spermidine-eIF5A hypusination axis. 肠源性肉桂酸通过sat1 -亚精胺- eif5a诱导轴限制过敏性气道炎症。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01089-2
Yujia He, Jing Liu, Zhihan Yang, Xiao Zhang, Yuanming Huang, Liqiong Song, Zhihong Ren
{"title":"Gut-derived cinnamic acid limits allergic airway inflammation via the SAT1-spermidine-eIF5A hypusination axis.","authors":"Yujia He, Jing Liu, Zhihan Yang, Xiao Zhang, Yuanming Huang, Liqiong Song, Zhihong Ren","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01089-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01089-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut-lung axis is a critical regulator of systemic immune homeostasis, however, the precise mechanisms linking gut-derived metabolites to distal airway inflammation remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that oral administration of viable Leuconostoc mesenteroides MY2024 engages a metabolite-host enzyme circuit that protects against allergic airway inflammation (AAI). Viable, but not heat-inactivated, MY2024 significantly attenuated ovalbumin (OVA)-induced Th2-driven eosinophilic asthma by suppressing pathogenic M2-like macrophage responses in the lung. Mechanistically, MY2024 increased gut-derived cinnamic acid (CA), which activated a colonic STAT1-SAT1 signaling axis to accelerate systemic spermidine catabolism. Reduced systemic spermidine availability was associated with reduced pulmonary eIF5A hypusination, a metabolic checkpoint known to support alternative macrophage activation. Notably, these protective effects and the associated metabolic reprogramming were preserved in microbiota-depleted mice, highlighting a direct bacterium-to-host metabolic axis. Together, our findings delineate a probiotic-metabolite-host enzyme circuit and identify colonic epithelial SAT1-dependent spermidine catabolism as a potential metabolic checkpoint for regulating type 2 AAI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The gut microbiota-bone marrow axis: an emerging role in chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. 肠道微生物群-骨髓轴:在化疗诱导的骨髓抑制中的新作用。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01080-x
Li Gong, Yeqi Wang, Yongsheng Li, Junli Huang
{"title":"The gut microbiota-bone marrow axis: an emerging role in chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.","authors":"Li Gong, Yeqi Wang, Yongsheng Li, Junli Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01080-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01080-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota extensively modulates the toxicity of chemotherapeutics. However, the role of microbiota in chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) remains poorly characterized. This review synthesizes the pivotal role of gut microbiota in regulating hematopoiesis, summarizes recent findings on the links between gut microbiota and CIM, and discusses emerging strategies for alleviating CIM through microbiota modulation. Our analysis pinpoints key gaps and novel insights for targeted CIM therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148397175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The mouse gut microbiota responds to predator odor and predicts host behavior. 老鼠的肠道微生物群对捕食者的气味做出反应,并预测宿主的行为。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01028-1
Madalena V F Real, Maren N Vitousek, Michael J Sheehan, Andrew H Moeller
{"title":"The mouse gut microbiota responds to predator odor and predicts host behavior.","authors":"Madalena V F Real, Maren N Vitousek, Michael J Sheehan, Andrew H Moeller","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01028-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41522-026-01028-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic stressors can alter the mammalian gut microbiota in ways that mediate host stress responses, but the impacts of acute stressors on these interactions are less well understood. Here, we show that brief exposure of wild-derived mice to predator odor altered gut-microbiota composition, which in turn predicted host behavior. We investigated the individual and combined effects of 15-minute exposures to synthetic fox fecal odor and 30 days of chronic social isolation, an established chronic stressor. Using ethological assays, visceral adipose tissue transcriptomics, and genome-resolved metagenomics, we found that predator-odor exposure significantly affected mouse behavior, gene expression, and gut microbiota. Predator odor-responsive bacteria were associated with the expression of genes involved in anti-microbial defense, and host behavioral responses were predicted by random forest models trained on gut-microbiota profiles. These findings indicate interactions between the gut microbiota and wild-mouse responses to the threat of predation, an ecologically relevant acute stressor.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shear redistribution in confined biofilm systems: decoupling structure and function in engineered water environments. 封闭生物膜系统中的剪切再分配:工程水环境中的解耦结构和功能。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01082-9
Peng Hou, Lei Li, Zeyuan Liu, Jie Tao, Tahir Muhammad, Yayu Wang, Hu Hu, Chao Zang, Yang Xiao, Bruce E Rittmann
{"title":"Shear redistribution in confined biofilm systems: decoupling structure and function in engineered water environments.","authors":"Peng Hou, Lei Li, Zeyuan Liu, Jie Tao, Tahir Muhammad, Yayu Wang, Hu Hu, Chao Zang, Yang Xiao, Bruce E Rittmann","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01082-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01082-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biofilms in engineered water systems often develop within confined, tortuous flow paths where shear stress is spatially heterogeneous. However, biofilm responses are commonly evaluated using bulk metrics that treat shear as uniform and externally imposed, overlooking how geometric confinement redistributes shear during biofilm growth. Here, we examined how confinement-driven shear redistribution governs biofilm-hydrodynamic interactions in labyrinth microchannels under constant pressure. By integrating time-resolved biofilm-altered geometries with flow simulations, we show that localized biofilm accumulation reorganizes preferential flow pathways, redistributes wall shear stress, and causes a disproportionate decline in discharge. Hydraulic deterioration was increasingly governed by constriction of the remaining effective flow paths rather than by biomass accumulation alone, revealing nonlinear hydraulic sensitivity to spatially localized growth. Controlled-shear experiments further showed that ATP-based physiological indicators remained comparatively stable and peaked at intermediate shear levels, whereas extracellular polymeric substance composition shifted toward higher protein-to-polysaccharide ratios with increasing shear. Together, these results demonstrate a partial decoupling between biofilm structure and activity-related or matrix-compositional indicators under confinement-generated shear redistribution, highlighting the limitations of bulk structural metrics for predicting biofilm behavior and hydraulic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peripartum hypophosphatemia is associated with a hindgut-centered microbiota-metabolite-host axis in transition dairy cows. 围产期低磷血症与过渡期奶牛的后肠中心微生物群-代谢物-宿主轴有关。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01078-5
J Yuan, X Y Zhang, S Yang, C L Luo, Z H Wang, Q Q Wang, Y Y Hao, Y He, S Wang, F L Kong, M Zhao, Z J Cao, S L Li, W Wang
{"title":"Peripartum hypophosphatemia is associated with a hindgut-centered microbiota-metabolite-host axis in transition dairy cows.","authors":"J Yuan, X Y Zhang, S Yang, C L Luo, Z H Wang, Q Q Wang, Y Y Hao, Y He, S Wang, F L Kong, M Zhao, Z J Cao, S L Li, W Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01078-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41522-026-01078-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition period in dairy cows is accompanied by profound shifts in mineral homeostasis and gut microbial ecology. While endocrine regulation of hypocalcemia has been extensively characterized, adaptive responses to hypophosphatemia-and the potential involvement of the gut microbiota-have received far less attention. Twenty-four Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to control or low-phosphorus groups. Hypophosphatemia was induced by dietary supplementation with 300 g/d synthetic zeolite from 21 days prepartum to 3 days postpartum. Blood and feces samples were collected at -21, -7, 0, 1, and 3 d relative to calving for longitudinal analysis of physiology, hindgut microbiome and plasma metabolomics to investigate host-microbiome adaptation to peripartum hypophosphatemia in dairy cows. Cows with hypophosphatemia exhibited pronounced compositional remodeling of their hindgut microbiota and extensive, persistent alterations in their plasma metabolome, with glycerophospholipid metabolism being a consistently affected pathway. Integrated correlation and mediation analyses revealed close associations between hindgut microbial variation, host metabolic reprogramming, and circulating phosphorus dynamics. In addition, a plasma feature putatively annotated as α-methyl-m-tyrosine (AMT) was identified as a candidate statistical mediator associated with the observed relationships between Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group abundance with systematic phosphorus concentrations. Collectively, these findings indicate that peripartum hypophosphatemia in dairy cows is accompanied by coordinated host metabolic and hindgut microbial remodeling, supporting a hindgut-centered host-metabolite-microbiome framework for understanding phosphorus adaptation during early lactation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13614956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temporal landscapes of the gut microbiota-host axis reveal mechanisms of age-related eggshell quality decline in laying hens. 肠道菌群-宿主轴的时间格局揭示了蛋鸡年龄相关蛋壳质量下降的机制。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01079-4
Dong Dai, Pengzu Wang, Haijun Zhang, Guanghai Qi, Jing Wang
{"title":"Temporal landscapes of the gut microbiota-host axis reveal mechanisms of age-related eggshell quality decline in laying hens.","authors":"Dong Dai, Pengzu Wang, Haijun Zhang, Guanghai Qi, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01079-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01079-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related shifts in the gut microbiota of laying hens significantly affect eggshell quality. However, the temporal interactions of the gut microbiota during the eggshell mineralization cycle remain unclear. Existing research often overlooks the rhythmic synchronization required for mineralization, as well as the specific cellular landscape of the aging intestine that impairs effective host-microbe crosstalk. We integrated 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomics, untargeted metabolomics, and single-cell RNA sequencing to compare young and aged hens during the initial (7 h post-oviposition) and rapid growth (17 h post-oviposition) phases of eggshell mineralization. Aged hens exhibited significantly lower eggshell strength, thickness, and Ca/P concentrations (P < 0.05), which were associated with mitochondrial cristae disruption and necrocytosis in ileal tissues. 16S and metagenomic analyses revealed that young hens maintain stochastic microbial assembly, whereas aged hens shift toward deterministic processes driven by environmental stress. Rhythmic shifts in Lactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus were observed in young hens, supporting energy metabolism and mineral absorption pathways. In contrast, the aged hen microbiome remained focused on basal survival and oxidative stress responses. scRNA-seq identified nine cell populations, highlighting T cell exhaustion and HIF-1-driven metabolic reprogramming in epithelial cells of aged hens. Mediation analysis identified Ligilactobacillus salivarius as a keystone species that enhances eggshell breaking strength and thickness by increasing rhamnose and tyrosol levels and modulating host CALB1 and BLB2 expression. These findings indicate that aging disrupts proactive host-microbe synergy required for eggshell formation and identify L. salivarius-derived metabolites as promising candidates for restoring mineralization function in aged hens.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharyngeal Microenvironment Associated with Human Rhinovirus Infection in Children: Insights from Metatranscriptomic Sequencing. 咽部微环境与儿童鼻病毒感染相关:来自超转录组测序的见解
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-07-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01075-8
Muhammad Noman, Ying Li, Jiaming Huang, Haizhou Liu, Ismaila Damilare Isiaka, Muhammad Arif Rizwan, Hebin Chen, Wenqing Li, Yanli Wang, Feng Han, Jiali Xu, Xueru Liu, Hui Du, Youjing Liu, Qing Du, Di Liu, Xiaoxia Lu, Yi Yan
{"title":"Pharyngeal Microenvironment Associated with Human Rhinovirus Infection in Children: Insights from Metatranscriptomic Sequencing.","authors":"Muhammad Noman, Ying Li, Jiaming Huang, Haizhou Liu, Ismaila Damilare Isiaka, Muhammad Arif Rizwan, Hebin Chen, Wenqing Li, Yanli Wang, Feng Han, Jiali Xu, Xueru Liu, Hui Du, Youjing Liu, Qing Du, Di Liu, Xiaoxia Lu, Yi Yan","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01075-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01075-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human rhinovirus (HRV) is one of the most common causes of acute low respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) in children and adults resulting in significant alterations in host gene expression and respiratory tract microbiome composition. We sought to clarify HRV prevalence features in children in Wuhan, and investigate interactions between HRV and host in pharynx microenvironment. A total of 1,790 samples were collected from children with ALRTI between September 2021 and September 2023 and screened for HRV infections using qPCR and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). Among all samples, 47 positive samples, 29 healthy control and 27 HRV-negative ALRTI samples were analyzed by meta-transcriptomic sequencing to compare the microbiota dynamics, gene expression and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) profile of infected and healthy individuals. The analysis revealed an HRV positive rate of 13.8%, with HRV-A and HRV-C strains being more dominant than HRV-B in Wuhan. Microbial diversity was significantly higher in HRV-positive samples, with specific genera such as Haemophilus, Neisseria, and Streptococcus being more abundant. There were 22,321 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the HRV patients. Enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were associated with alterations in host responses, including modulations in immune activation and cellular processes. The identified ARGs conferred resistance to 18 distinct classes of antibiotics, with these ARGs being more prevalent in healthy individuals compared to those infected with HRV. Procrustes analysis demonstrated significant concordance between pharyngeal microbial community composition and ARG profiles, while co-occurrence network analysis identified strong associations between Pseudomonadota and ARGs conferring resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. HRV infection was associated with distinct shifts in pharyngeal microbial communities and host transcriptional responses. Collectively, these findings suggest that variation in the pharyngeal microbiome is closely linked to variation in resistome composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148376365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bifidobacterium animalis reshapes the bile acid pool and prevents neonatal jaundice: a clinical microbiome study from correlation to causation. 动物双歧杆菌重塑胆汁酸池和预防新生儿黄疸:从相关性到因果关系的临床微生物组研究。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01057-w
Xianhong Chen, Cheng Chen, Peng Zhang, Xiaohong OuYang, Haiyan Ma, Wanling Chen, Tingting Li, Jing Han, Yanli Wang, Huijuan Wang, Qiujing Zhou, Guoqiang Cheng, Wei Zhou, Zhangbin Yu, Wenhao Zhou, Mingbang Wang, Shujuan Zeng
{"title":"Bifidobacterium animalis reshapes the bile acid pool and prevents neonatal jaundice: a clinical microbiome study from correlation to causation.","authors":"Xianhong Chen, Cheng Chen, Peng Zhang, Xiaohong OuYang, Haiyan Ma, Wanling Chen, Tingting Li, Jing Han, Yanli Wang, Huijuan Wang, Qiujing Zhou, Guoqiang Cheng, Wei Zhou, Zhangbin Yu, Wenhao Zhou, Mingbang Wang, Shujuan Zeng","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01057-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41522-026-01057-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal jaundice (NJ) affects 60-80% of neonates, yet the underlying microbial mechanisms remain elucidated, despite known links between gut dysbiosis and bilirubin and bile acid (BA) metabolism. Through two-stage shotgun metagenomic-metabolomic analysis of 150 fecal samples from 120 neonates, we identified key taxa linked to bile acid (BA) metabolism in moderate-to-severe NJ. Furthermore, multi-omics integration revealed significant interkingdom correlations among gut phages, bacteria, and BAs. Dysbiosis featured enriched Streptococcus and Escherichia, depleted Bifidobacterium animalis, and group-specific phage signatures. In the independent clinical validation cohort, jaundice intervention normalized the dysbiotic profile, demonstrating significant suppression of pathogenic taxa concomitant with restoration of B. animalis abundance. In vitro, B. animalis subsp. lactis Y103-OTU5 remodeled BA via deconjugation. In a phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (PHZ)-induced murine model of hemolytic jaundice, oral administration of isolated B. animalis subsp. lactis Y103-OTU5 significantly attenuated hyperbilirubinemia and hepatic inflammation, likely via Cyp7a1/Cyp7b1-dependent modulation of BA synthesis and detoxification pathways. Structural equation modeling revealed a tripartite regulatory network: phages indirectly modulated BA through bacterial remodeling, while B. animalis directly regulated BA pathways, positioning it as a potential therapeutic candidate for hemolysis-associated neonatal jaundice. Collectively, these findings reveal a gut phage-bacteria-BA network in NJ, highlighting B. animalis as a therapeutic candidate with dual modulation of BA metabolism and phage-bacteria interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13680383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148352738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Remodelling of the gut virome after long-term fasting. 长期禁食后肠道病毒群的重塑。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01069-6
Natalie Falshaw, Quinten R Ducarmon, Alexandra King, Franziska Grundler, Robin Mesnage
{"title":"Remodelling of the gut virome after long-term fasting.","authors":"Natalie Falshaw, Quinten R Ducarmon, Alexandra King, Franziska Grundler, Robin Mesnage","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01069-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41522-026-01069-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-term fasting is a promising strategy to restore metabolic health. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may mediate some of fasting benefits, but the role of its viral component remains poorly understood. Using shotgun metagenomic data from a single-arm, monocentric fasting intervention, this study profiled the gut virome (n = 89 individuals, n = 241 samples) before and after 9.8 days of fasting ( ~ 250 kcal/day) as well as one and three months afterwards. Fasting induced a transient loss of viral diversity and a shift toward increased representation of virulent phages. External dataset validation identified 49 phages showing reproducible directional changes during fasting. Many were linked to bacterial hosts, showing concordant shifts, including depletion of Faecalibacterium-associated phages and enrichment of Bacteroides-associated phages. Cross-domain network analyses revealed denser viral-bacterial networks at the end of fast, with enriched connections to butyrate producers, suggesting phages may participate in the fasting-induced restructuring of microbial networks involving health-associated taxa. Collectively, these findings indicate that fasting remodels the gut virome cross-domain associations through reproducible, functionally relevant phage-host interactions, with reorganisation persisting for up to three months and occurring in parallel with improvements in cardiometabolic markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148339405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide orchestrates anti-tumor immunity via a dual-network mechanism targeting the gut microbiota and spleen. 苍术多糖通过针对肠道菌群和脾脏的双网络机制协调抗肿瘤免疫。
IF 11.4 1区 生物学
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Pub Date : 2026-06-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-026-01013-8
Yajing Shuai, Jieyu Xing, Xiaoxian Liu, Zijing Song, Siqi Lin, Chengyu Lu, Weiwei Zeng, Guixiang Wang
{"title":"Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide orchestrates anti-tumor immunity via a dual-network mechanism targeting the gut microbiota and spleen.","authors":"Yajing Shuai, Jieyu Xing, Xiaoxian Liu, Zijing Song, Siqi Lin, Chengyu Lu, Weiwei Zeng, Guixiang Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41522-026-01013-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41522-026-01013-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common global malignancy, and its advanced stage is closely linked to a gut microbiota-metabolism-immunity vicious cycle requiring early intervention. In this study, anti-CRC effects of PAMK in CT26 tumor-bearing mice were explored. Results showed that PAMK significantly inhibited tumor growth and improved the quality of life of tumor-bearing mice by enhancing antitumor immunity, including increased NK cell infiltration and NKG2D expression, elevated CD4⁺:CD8⁺ ratios, and higher serum IFN-γ levels. However, therapeutic effects of PAMK were not observed in antibiotic‑induced microbiota depletion (AIMD) mice. Notably, following fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), therapeutic effects of PAMK were largely restored. PAMK alleviated tumor-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis characterized by enriched g_Alistipes, and remodeled fatty acid and steroid metabolism, which was closely associated with enhanced antitumor immunity and a potential microbiota-metabolism-immunity axis. Meanwhile, PAMK modulated multiple metabolic, circadian and immune pathways in the spleen as verified by transcriptomics and qPCR. Integrative multi-omics analysis indicated that the gut microbiota-metabolite-spleen gene axis may act synergistically to mediate anti-CRC effects of PAMK in tumor-bearing mice. This study highlights the potential of PAMK in CRC tumor immune adjuvants, providing experimental and theoretical support for its clinical translation and novel tumor immunotherapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148339435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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