New Zealand veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"<i>Theileria orientalis</i> Ikeda infection detected in red deer but not dogs or horses in New Zealand.","authors":"K E Lawrence, K Gedye, L Carvalho, B Wang, L M Fermin, W E Pomroy","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2393679","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2393679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether evidence for infection with <i>Theileria orientalis</i> (Ikeda) could be identified in samples of commercial red deer <i>(Cervus elaphus)</i>, horses, and working farm dogs in New Zealand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples were collected during October and November 2019 from a convenience sample of red deer (n = 57) at slaughter. Equine blood samples (n = 50) were convenience-sampled from those submitted to a veterinary pathology laboratory for routine testing in January 2020. Blood samples, collected for a previous study from a convenience sample of Huntaway dogs (n = 115) from rural regions throughout the North and South Islands of New Zealand between August 2018 and December 2020, were also tested. DNA was extracted and quantitative PCR was used to detect the <i>T. orientalis</i> Ikeda major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene. A standard curve of five serial 10-fold dilutions of a plasmid carrying a fragment of the <i>T. orientalis</i> MPSP gene was used to quantify the number of <i>T. orientalis</i> organisms in the samples. MPSP amplicons obtained by end-point PCR on positive samples were isolated and subjected to DNA sequencing. The resulting sequences were compared to previously published <i>T. orientalis</i> sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 6/57 (10%) samples positive for <i>T. orientalis</i> Ikeda from the deer and no samples positive for <i>T. orientalis</i> Ikeda from the working dogs or horses. The mean infection intensity for the six PCR-positive deer was 5.1 (min 2.2, max 12.4) <i>T. orientalis</i> Ikeda organisms/µL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Red deer can potentially sustain low infection intensities of <i>T. orientalis</i> Ikeda and could act as reservoirs of infected ticks. Further studies are needed to determine whether naïve ticks feeding on infected red deer can themselves become infected.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden death due to aortic rupture in New Zealand sheep.","authors":"M Eames, B L Vaatstra, K E Lawrence, H Hunt","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2403459","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2403459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Over a period of 2 months in the spring and early summer of 2021, 13 cases of sudden death in cull ewes due to aortic rupture were diagnosed at a small number of New Zealand abattoirs.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>In 12/13 (92%) cases, a large blood clot was present in the thorax, and in one case the blood clot was seen in the tissues dorsal to the heart. There were no obvious signs of external trauma. The pluck (heart and lungs) or fixed aorta was submitted for histological examination in seven cases and in all of these, a tear in the aorta was found. Comparing the microscopic appearance of the proximal aorta in these seven cases to three clinically normal ewes from unaffected farms, the aortic wall thickness appeared thinner in the case ewes than the unaffected ewes. Subjectively, there was increased collagen in the tunica media in 3/7 and decreased elastin fibres in 5/7 case ewes compared to the control ewes. Further investigations on the index farm (where the first cases originated), found that the mean liver and serum Cu concentrations in 10 similarly aged, clinically normal ewes were within the normal reference range for New Zealand sheep. Similarly, the liver Cu concentrations of the seven case ewes were within the normal reference range.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Aortic rupture due to an unknown aetiology.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Clinicians should be aware of this condition as a differential diagnosis for sudden death in older sheep and to assist the Ministry for Primary Industries in establishing the extent of this problem in New Zealand.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower urinary tract rupture in cats and dogs following severe blunt trauma.","authors":"Bgrm Godart, Gcmj Bonnel, A-S Bedu, T Frippiat, D R Leperlier","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2398020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2398020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case histories: </strong>The medical records of cats and dogs admitted to the Department of Small Animal Surgery of the Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Pommery (Reims, France) with a history of vehicular trauma or falls from the first floor or higher were screened for occurrences of a lower urinary tract (LUT) rupture. Signalment, reported injuries, diagnostic imaging findings, and blood test results were extracted from the medical records.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>A total of 585 animals were included in the study: 339 cats and 246 dogs. The overall prevalence of LUT rupture was 1.36% (8/585) and was 1.2% (3/246) in dogs and 1.4% (5/339) in cats. The most common site of rupture was the bladder (5/8 cases). All orthopaedic injuries were pelvic fractures and animals with pelvic fractures were 6.4 (95% CI: 1.67-24.41; p = 0.012) times more likely to incur urinary tract rupture than those without pelvic fractures. However, three cases had LUT rupture without associated orthopaedic injury. All affected patients had free abdominal fluid identified by abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma. Serum urea and creatinine concentrations were elevated in 5/8 cases of LUT rupture, and 4/8 cases were able to urinate.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Although LUT injury and pelvic fracture were significantly associated in this study, 3/8 cases of LUT rupture in this study had no orthopaedic injury and half retained the ability to urinate. Thus, lack of associated fractures and ability to urinate should not be used to rule out a LUT rupture. The possibility of bladder or urethral rupture should be considered in all patients with a history of severe blunt trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"60-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced anthelmintic use on 13 New Zealand sheep farms: farmer motivations and practical implementation.","authors":"A L Ridler, K Hytten, D I Gray, J I Reid","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2399654","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2399654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe the personal drivers, sources of information and gastro-intestinal parasite control methods used by a group of New Zealand sheep farmers identified as low users of anthelmintic (AHC), and their perception of the efficacy and impacts of this approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of 13 sheep farmers farming with a policy of reduced AHC use (no pre-determined routine treatments of ewes >19 months old and/or lambs not routinely treated at pre-determined intervals from weaning through to late autumn) were identified. Semi-structured interviews were conducted regarding their farming philosophy, motivations for reducing AHC use, perceptions of the impacts of farming with reduced AHC use, and parasite control practices. Semi-quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics for demographic data and categorising participants' use of AHC and non-chemical control methods. Qualitative data regarding participants' motivations, approaches and rationale were analysed by systematic analysis of the transcripts and distillation of key concepts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had been operating with reduced AHC use for 3 to  ≥20 years. Key motivators for reducing AHC use were a diagnosis of anthelmintic resistance (AR) or concerns about AR developing. Parasite management information came from a wide range of sources. All respondents expressed overall positive views regarding the impacts of reduced AHC use but detailed information was not available.All identified that regular monitoring, based primarily on subjective animal and non-animal factors was important for their parasite control strategy. Most used faecal egg counts (FEC), often in an <i>ad hoc</i> manner. Five never treated adult ewes, two routinely treated ewes prior to lambing with short-acting AHC and the remainder occasionally treated a small number in low body condition. Four routinely treated some or all lambs at 28-30-day intervals from weaning to late autumn while the remainder based their treatment decisions for lambs on monitored information. All placed heavy emphasis on feeding sheep well, ensuring high post-grazing residuals, and cross-grazing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AR was a key motivator for participants to reduce AHC use, and a range of information sources and decision-making processes were used. Key parasite management practices were monitoring, primarily using subjective assessments, emphasis on feeding stock well and cross-grazing.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The rising prevalence of AR will likely result in increasing the motivation for sheep farmers to reduce their AHC use. Veterinarians will play a key role in providing advice and assistance to facilitate changes in parasite management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"29-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of pre-partum shearing of Corriedale ewes on placental and lamb development and neonatal behaviour.","authors":"F Scaglione-Sanson, K Neimaur-Fernández, I Cantou-Mayol, C Abreu-Palermo, P Rodríguez-Gamarra, J R González-Montaña, L G Cal-Pereyra","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2405021","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2405021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the effects of early and late pre-partum shearing of Corriedale ewes carrying single fetuses on placental and lamb development and neonatal lamb behaviour.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At 70 days of gestation, 37 multiparous Corriedale ewes with known gestation dates were randomly allocated into three groups: S70 (n = 12) and S110 (n = 12), shorn at Day 70 and 110 of gestation, and US (n = 13), that were not shorn pre-partum. Gestation length, lambing duration, placental expulsion time, placental weight, number and weight of cotyledons, and placental efficiency (lamb weight/placental weight) were determined. At birth, body temperature, weight, morphometric measurements, ponderal index (lamb weight/lamb crown-rump length) and behaviour were recorded, with weight remeasured 72 hours later. Four male lambs per group were slaughtered immediately after parturition, and organ weight and perirenal brown fat weight and energy content recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-partum shearing, regardless of timing, increased total dried placental weight per ewe. Pre-partum shearing at Day 70 of gestation increased the number and mean weight of the > 2 to ≤ 3-cm cotyledons, while pre-partum shearing at Day 110 of gestation increased only the weight of these cotyledons. At birth and at 72 hours, lambs from ewes shorn either at 70 days of gestation (birth: 5.5 (95% CI = 4.6-6.4) kg, p = 0.001; 72 hours: 6.4 (95% CI = 6.1-6.8) kg, p = 0.002) or at 110 days of gestation (birth: 5.4 (95% CI = 4.4-6.4) kg, p = 0.001; 72 hours: 6.5 (95% CI = 5.9-7.1) kg, p = 0.001) were heavier than lambs from unshorn ewes (birth: 4.0 (95% CI = 3.3-4.8) kg; 72 hours: 4.8 (95% CI = 3.5-6.1) kg). Lambs born to S70 and S110 ewes suckled sooner (31.5 (95% CI = 14.5-48.5) minutes, p = 0.001; and 39.3 (95% CI = 23.7-55.0) minutes, p = 0.001 respectively), than lambs born to the US group (70.3 (95% CI = 38.6-102.1) minutes). There was no evidence for an effect of pre-partum shearing on gestation length, parturition length, time of placental expulsion, placental efficiency, weight and energy of perirenal brown fat, and lamb temperature at birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Shearing ewes pre-partum may lead to placental changes affecting lamb development and behaviour and associated with higher survival. The findings suggest pre-partum shearing may improve lamb survival, farm profitability and sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"20-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pets in the workplace: a scoping review.","authors":"D H Gardner","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2387562","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2387562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a large and growing body of literature proposing that there are benefits to employees and workplaces when pets are allowed to accompany their owners to work. This article reports a scoping review of research that is workplace-based and that provides information on the reported benefits or problems of allowing employees' pets at work. The databases Scopus, Discover and Google Scholar were searched with the initial search terms \"<i>pets</i> AND <i>workplace</i> AND <i>research</i>.\" Results were reviewed initially by title to remove items where, for instance, \"PET\" was used as an acronym. Studies were included if they provided information on research into human well-being and/or work or task performance and pets at work. This included research into the presence of pets while working from home, as the home can be considered a workplace in this situation. A total of 189 papers on pets at work were identified from the searches. The abstracts were reviewed and papers that did not report research into the benefits and challenges of employees' pets at work were excluded, leaving 31 results. The majority of studies used survey methods and did not include validated psychometric measures of key variables including stress. Findings indicated that the presence of employees' pets at work may reduce stress and lead to more positive work-related attitudes, but these findings may not apply to all employees or all workplaces. Negative aspects of pets in the workplace include health risks to humans and animals, cultural concerns and dislike or fear of some animals, and the proportion of participants who raised these concerns or agreed with them varied widely between studies. However, there is little evidence on the prevalence of risks or how they are addressed, and there was no data on how work performance, absenteeism or staff turnover were related to pet-friendly policies at work. More research is required, and some directions for future research are suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"307-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ulnocarpal arthrodesis as a new treatment for ectrodactyly in a dog and a cat.","authors":"V I Vallios, K R Crosse, A Bolia","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2389928","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2389928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>A 4-month-old male Shih Tzu dog (Case 1) and an 11-month-old female Devon Rex cat (Case 2) were referred to specialist veterinary hospitals for evaluation of right thoracic lameness and growth abnormality in the distal aspect of the forelimb.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Non-weight-bearing lameness and decreased range of motion were noted in the affected limbs of both cases. Case 1 had a plantigrade stance, and a cleft separation between the first and second digits extending upwards to the distal third of the antebrachium. There was no pain on palpation, and the affected limb was shorter than the contralateral. Radiographic examination revealed cleft separation between metacarpal bones I and II, and carpal bone fusion (I, II, III), and the distal radius ended freely and was attached to the first metacarpal bone.Case 2 had a small cleft medial to metacarpal III. The limb was consistently held in abduction and had marked carpal varus. The limb had never been used for weight bearing. Radiographic examination showed agenesis of metacarpal bone II and separation of metacarpals I and III. The radius and ulna were separated and the radial head did not articulate normally at the elbow, leading to marked elbow incongruity.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Ectrodactyly in both cases.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>Amputation of the radius followed by ulnocarpal arthrodesis were performed in both cases. Follow-up evaluations up to 1 year (Case 1) and 10 weeks (Case 2) after surgery indicated satisfactory arthrodesis fusion, owner satisfaction, and a good clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Ectrodactyly is a rare congenital deformity of the forelimb with a heterogeneous character, requiring an individualised treatment plan. These are the first cases reported in the literature of ectrodactyly in small animals that were treated successfully with ulnocarpal arthrodesis. This case series therefore provides evidence in support of this treatment option for this heterogeneous congenital deformity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"341-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Folliculectomy for the treatment of pre-ovulatory follicular stasis in three illegally captured West Coast green geckos (<i>Naultinus tuberculatus</i>) to enable wild rehabilitation.","authors":"B D Gartrell, M Jolly, A Cree, E Short, T Hori","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2381531","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2381531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>In 2023, the New Zealand Department of Conservation seized 63 endemic reptiles that were being held without a permit. This group included three adult female West Coast green geckos (<i>Naultinus tuberculatus)</i> that had been illegally removed from the wild 2 years earlier. They had been held in an outdoor enclosure with a pair of goldstripe geckos (<i>Woodworthia chrysosiretica</i>).</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>On physical examination, all three geckos had at least two soft palpable masses in the coelom. Repeated ultrasonographic examination over several months confirmed the diagnosis of pre-ovulatory follicular stasis (POFS) in each gecko, and in subsequent weeks, more ovarian follicles developed in each animal.</p><p><strong>Laboratory findings: </strong>All three geckos were negative on culture of cloacal swabs for <i>Salmonella</i> spp.<i>,</i> and negative on PCR assay of a cloacal flush for <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., despite other reptiles in the seized group showing positive results for multiple <i>Salmonella</i> spp., and one other gecko being positive for <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>, subtype IIcA5G3.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>For all three geckos, para-midline ventral coeliotomy was performed under general anaesthesia, and folliculectomy of degenerate ovarian follicles was performed. Post-operative complications were seen in all three animals, which developed suture-line infections following disruption of normal skin shedding and entrapment of shed keratin in the surgical sites. A second surgery was undertaken to remove impacted keratin and caseous inflammatory material from the surgical wounds of all three animals and buried sutures were placed to close the coelomic wounds. The geckos were treated with 20 mg/kg ceftazidime IM every second day for 2 weeks post-operatively. Subsequent ecdysis (skin shedding) occurred without complication and the geckos were released back to the wild 10 months after admission.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The recommended treatment for POFS in reptiles is ovariectomy, which is not appropriate for wild animals. The use of folliculectomy to resolve preovulatory follicular stasis should be considered for animals where retaining reproductive ability is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"334-340"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An outbreak of ischaemic teat necrosis in a dairy herd in Taranaki, New Zealand.","authors":"J P O'Connell, K E Lawrence, H Taylor, G Orbell, M E Bestbier, K Crowley, H Hunt","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2392687","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2392687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>In spring 2021, on a seasonally calving, pastorally based, Taranaki dairy farm, 12 first-calving heifers (≤ 30 days post-calving) developed similar dry, red to black, crusting lesions on the medial aspect of the teat udder junction extending down the medial teat. Some cows had multiple teats affected. Treatment was initially unrewarding and did not slow the progression of the disease. Overall, 8/12 cows recovered, and 4/12 cows were culled, with three of the cows culled after a teat sloughed and the fourth after surgical amputation of a teat. Outbreaks of the same condition, on the same farm but affecting fewer animals, occurred in spring 2022 (n = 6) and spring 2023 (n = 3).</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>An initial scab-like or crusting lesion progressed to resemble a thick eschar consisting of very dry and hard dead tissue. The unaffected areas of the teat felt normal but immediately under the dead tissue, there was a warm, firmer area consistent with an inflammatory reaction. Removing the scab led to profuse bleeding, with no visible bed of granulation underneath the scab. There was no leaking of milk in those cows that lost a teat, and no smell to the lesions themselves. Serology and virology ruled out the involvement of bovine alphaherpesvirus (BoHV-2) bovine gammaherpesvirus (BoHV-4), orthopoxviruses (cowpox) and parapoxviruses (pseudocowpox). Histopathology of an affected and surgically amputated teat showed multifocal erosion and ulceration of the epidermis, covered by a thick serocellular crust. In areas of ulceration, there were numerous neutrophils, and the dermis was expanded by granulation tissue with variable numbers of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes around small blood vessels.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Based on the similarity of the history, presentation, and histopathological changes to those described for a novel disease reported in the UK, a diagnosis of ischaemic teat necrosis (ITN) was made.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>If ITN is an emerging condition in New Zealand and becomes as prevalent as it has in the UK, clinicians will be confronted with a significant new welfare problem in dairy cows. Anecdotally, there have been reports of other ITN outbreaks in New Zealand, and the Ministry for Primary Industries would be interested in collating reports from other New Zealand veterinarians.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of bacterial culture results obtained from three different sampling locations in dogs and cats with chronic nasal disease.","authors":"T A Niedenführ, A Weickelt, G Wolf, Y Zablotski, B S Schulz","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2378696","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2378696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess agreement of bacterial culture results from samples taken from nasal discharge, the nasal cavity and nasal biopsy from dogs and cats with nasal disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen dogs and 21 cats with different nasal diseases (chronic rhinitis, n = 30; neoplasia, n = 7; sinonasal aspergillosis, n = 3) were prospectively enrolled in the study. Nasal swabs were taken bilaterally from nasal discharge at the nares, the nasal cavity, and one nasal mucosal biopsy per side. All samples were subjected to aerobic bacterial culture. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate agreement for the most prevalent bacterial species between sampling sites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive culture result for at least one bacterial species was detected in 80% of samples from nasal discharge/nares, 92% of nasal cavity samples, and 75% of biopsy samples. The mean agreement between the three sampling sites for positive <i>vs.</i> negative culture results was never greater than moderate and the precision of the estimates of agreement varied widely.The most frequently isolated bacterial species in dogs were <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. and <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. In cats, <i>Pasteurella</i> spp. and <i>Staphylococcus felis</i> were the bacterial species cultured most frequently.For the most prevalent cultured species, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., mean agreement between sites was never greater than fair and the precision again varied widely.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that bacterial culture results in feline and canine nasal disease are site-specific and there was no evidence from this study for consistency between sites within a patient for many bacterial species. Consequently, if bacterial culture results from nasal swabs are used to guide therapeutic antimicrobial choice, different treatments may be selected depending on the site of culture. As a consequence, there is no evidence from this study that nasal bacterial cultures should be recommended as a routine diagnostic measure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"317-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}