New Zealand veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Re: An exploratory study of bacterial contamination on communal mobile handheld devices in an animal referral hospital in the United Kingdom.","authors":"C Walsh","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2683009","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2683009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148226969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A brief guide to qualitative research in veterinary science: interviews, focus groups, surveys and reflexive thematic analysis for practitioners and researchers.","authors":"K E Littlewood, D H Gardner","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2614562","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2614562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Qualitative research is increasingly recognised as an essential component of veterinary inquiry, especially when exploring the complex human, ethical, and contextual factors that influence animal health and welfare. This primer offers a practical and straightforward guide to the most commonly used qualitative methods in veterinary settings, including interviews, focus groups, and open-ended surveys as methods of data collection, and reflexive thematic analysis as one approach to data analysis. Aimed at veterinary practitioners and researchers with limited prior experience in qualitative approaches, it explains the reasons for using these methods and how to conduct them rigorously, and highlights common pitfalls to avoid. Drawing on published examples from veterinary science, the article clarifies the process of qualitative data collection and analysis, emphasising reflexivity and ethical responsibility. Although qualitative research does not produce statistically generalisable results, it offers valuable insights into how veterinary professionals and clients experience and understand their world. By providing readers with the foundational tools to design, evaluate, and conduct high-quality qualitative research, this guide helps build a more comprehensive evidence base for informed veterinary decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"339-349"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in three dogs with relay pentobarbitone toxicosis in New Zealand.","authors":"C L Fynn","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2642653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2642653","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"394-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147474498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The numbers and the narrative: valuing qualitative inquiry in New Zealand veterinary research.","authors":"S G Fowler, A J Bates","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2685824","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2685824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"337-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148226883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking bone development on the caudal aspect of the distal phalanx with age and lameness history in pasture-based dairy cows: an <i>ex-vivo</i> digital photograph-based assessment.","authors":"A Mohan, R N Chesterton, S J Chesterton, R A Laven","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2645976","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2645976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate whether landmarks used to measure digital phalanx bone development using micro-CT could be used to measure bone development in digital photographs, and the association in pasture-based cows, between bone development, age and lameness history.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>160 distal phalanges (from the hind feet of 40 cows) were collected post-mortem, photographed, and measured at four sites (A-D) near the flexor tuberosity. Associations between age and lameness history, and the average sum of A-D for the two lateral and two medial claws within a cow (BD-Ave) and the highest sum of A-D for an individual claw (BD-Max) were modelled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median age of enrolled cows was 8 (min 3, max 12) years and 34/40 had a history of lameness in the lactation before culling. Only minor modifications to the measurement landmarks were needed to account for the differences between micro-CT scans and digital photographs. Age was associated with BD-Max and BD-Ave: a 1-year increase in age increased geometric mean BD-Max by 1.12 (95% CI = 1.03-1.21) times and geometric mean BD-Ave by 1.09 (95% CI = 1.04-1.14) times. Prior lameness was compatible with an increase and decrease in geometric mean BD-Max and BD-Ave. Compared to cows with no history of lameness in the previous lactation, for previously lame cows, BD-Max was 1.61 (95% CI = 0.88-2.95) and BD-Ave, 1.25 (95% CI = 0.89-1.78) times greater, equivalent to a 5- and 3-year age effect, respectively. Most of the measurement differences between claws were in D (abaxial caudal bone development), as 136/160 claws recorded zero for A, B and C but all claws had values > 0 mm for D. In all claws where only D was > 0 mm, bone development was smooth. In these claws, an additional year in age increased D measurements by 1.09 (95% CI = 1.05-1.11) times - similar to the effect on BD-Max, while the effect on the sum of the remaining measurements was compatible with both a moderate increase or decrease. These observations indicate the principal effect of age was on measurement D.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Photography may provide an economical alternative to micro-CT for studying digital phalanx bone development in <i>ex-vivo</i> samples. Our data suggest lameness and age may affect bone development in pasture-based cows. However, these are preliminary data; further research is needed comparing CT and photography measurements, and to better understand the association between age, lameness and bone development in pasture-based dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"368-376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory study of bacterial contamination on communal mobile handheld devices in an animal referral hospital in the United Kingdom.","authors":"R D Paulino, J Chitty, C Williams, J Williams","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2647361","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2647361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine the bacterial contamination rate of communal mobile handheld devices (MHD) used in a small animal referral hospital before and after cleaning with commercially available antibacterial wipes, and then after 24 hours of use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All 18 communal MHD at a small animal emergency referral hospital were swabbed following a standardised protocol at three time points: before cleaning (swab 1), immediately after cleaning (swab 2), and after 24 hours of hospital-wide use (swab 3) to assess re-contamination rates. All swabs were sent to an external commercial laboratory for aerobic bacterial culture and species identification, including methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> (MRSP). Results were reported as the presence or absence of the organisms isolated but not quantified. Differences in rates of bacterial contamination before and after cleaning were assessed using Cochran's Q test and Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Swabs at swab session 1 showed 16/18 (88.9 (95% CI = 67.2-96.9)%) MHD to be contaminated: 6/18 (33.3 (95% CI = 10.9-55.7)%) with coliform bacteria, 5/18 (22.8 (95% CI = 6.5-49.1)%) with <i>Bacillus</i> spp. and 5/18 (22.8 (95% CI = 6.5-49.1)%) with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). No MRSA or MRSP were identified. Immediately after cleaning, contamination was found on 1/18 (5.6 (95% CI = 0-16.5)%) devices. After 24 hours, 12/18 (66.7 (95% CI = 43.7-83.7)%) devices were contaminated, with coliform bacteria on 11/18 (61.1 (95% CI = 37.9-84.3)%) and CNS on 1/18 (5.6 (95% CI 0-16.4)%); no <i>Bacillus</i> spp. were identified. Significant differences in contamination rates were observed across the three time points (p < 0.001). The recontamination rate was 68.8%, with a rebound rate of 70.6% among culture-negative MHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Communal MHD in this study were frequently contaminated, particularly with coliforms<i>. C</i>leaning was associated with a marked, short-term reduction in detectable bacteria, but re-contamination rates following 24 hours of normal use were high.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The high colonisation rate of bacteria on MHD suggests that regular cleaning protocols are required to minimise potential bacterial spread to personnel and patients, particularly given the high rate of re-contamination 24 hours after cleaning. Further studies are required to ascertain whether the source of contamination was human or animal, and whether it leads to transmission of disease and constitutes a health risk to patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"361-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and application of a simple and robust liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determination of diclazuril concentration in kiwi (<i>Apteryx</i> spp.) faeces.","authors":"P Singh, E Scheltema, A Jacob, L Howe, K Morgan","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2663982","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2663982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To establish a method of measuring diclazuril concentration from kiwi (<i>Apteryx</i> spp.) faeces using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), to non-invasively determine drug disposition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Daily faecal samples were collected from healthy 3- to 4-week-old captive-reared North Island brown kiwi (<i>Apteryx mantelli</i>) chicks (n = 6) following a single dose of 5 mg/kg bodyweight of the anticoccidial drug diclazuril for a period of 5 days. Daily pooled samples from each bird were prepared for LC-MS using dispersive solid phase extraction to isolate the drug for analysis. The LC-MS assay was validated using linear regression, inter-day and intra-day variation, and recovery analysis. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using non-compartmental analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmacokinetic parameters were able to be established for diclazuril from the faeces of five kiwi chicks (three male, two female). Samples from one chick were too low in drug concentration to be analysed. The standard curve for diclazuril was linear from 4 to 20 ng/mg (r² = 0.9997). The limit of quantification for diclazuril was 1 ng/mL. Extraction recoveries were from 76.8% to 96.6%, with intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation of 3-3.9% and 5-8.7%. The mean peak concentration of diclazuril in faeces was 260.46 (SD 335.77) ng/mg, and the highest concentration of diclazuril was detected at 24 hours following administration. Mean faecal concentrations declined to 2.29 (SD 1.13) ng/mg on Day 5 after administration, with a mean elimination half-life of 23.82 (SD 13.69) hours. The elimination constant was 0.0377 (SD 0.02) h^-1, consistent with the previously reported rate in kiwi plasma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study establishes that the quantification of diclazuril in kiwi faeces by LC-MS is robust and reliable. Diclazuril exhibits a prolonged elimination half-life in kiwi faeces, supporting its potential for sustained coccidiostatic activity.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The methods developed here have the potential to be modified to analyse other target drugs from faeces of birds and can assist in the evaluation of efficacy of drug treatment regimes, in particular for drugs that target infection in the gastrointestinal tract, such as anticoccidials. This non-invasive approach will be especially valuable in wildlife species where establishing plasma pharmacokinetics for drug treatments is challenging and can have significant animal welfare consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"384-393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147932149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental malocclusion and associated factors in pet rabbits: a cross-sectional study in Peru (2021-2022).","authors":"K Masias, A Tejada, E R Segura, V Ormea","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2654414","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2654414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To identify some of the risk factors for dental malocclusion and examine associations between diet, age and sex and the frequency of dental malocclusion in a convenience sample of pet rabbits (<i>Oryctolagus cuniculus</i>) in Lima, Peru, during the period 2021-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of clinical records of 308 rabbits at a private veterinary clinic in Lima, Peru from May 2021 to May 2022 was undertaken. The χ² test was used to determine the unadjusted associations between variables and the diagnosis of dental malocclusion. Crude prevalence ratios (cPR) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were calculated using a generalised linear model with a Poisson distribution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of dental malocclusion in the sample was 75/308 (24.4%). The aPR for dental malocclusion for males was 1.80 (95% CI = 1.10-2.95) times higher compared to females, 1.94 (95% CI = 1.13-3.34) times higher for rabbits > 5 years old (seniors) compared to rabbits < 1 year old (juveniles) and 0.37 (95% CI = 0.25-0.54) times lower for a diet with hay compared to a diet without hay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data and model suggest that senior, male rabbits on a diet without hay would have a higher frequency of malocclusion than female, juvenile rabbits on a diet including hay. After adjusting for age and sex, hay in the diet decreased the occurrence of dental malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Our results contribute to the limited studies about the dental health of pet rabbits and may be a source of information for veterinarians and pet owners who seek optimal pet health and welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"377-383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The provision of zinc sulphate in water for dairy cattle to prevent facial eczema: can it work?","authors":"E L Cuttance, W A Mason, P Jamieson, R A Laven","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2644415","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2644415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate, in a sample of cows on a New Zealand dairy farm, whether different methods of oral supplementation with zinc were effective in raising serum Zn concentrations ≥ 18 μmol/L, the target threshold for protection from facial eczema.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From November to May, three different methods of oral supplementation of ZnSO₄.7H₂O were investigated for Friesian/Jersey cross cattle that had calved in July: (1) Individual daily dosing, where the amount of Zn added was based on individual estimated body weights; (2) small group dosing, where the amount of Zn added for the current day was based on the estimated mean bodyweight and the water consumption of the group the previous day; and (3) large group dosing, where the amount of Zn added was based on the estimated mean bodyweight and administered via a dosing pump attached to the drinking troughs' water supply. For this scenario, the herd's ZnSO₄.7H₂O requirement was calculated at 17 kg ZnSO₄.7H₂O/day. For Weeks 0-1, 8.5 kg ZnSO₄.7H₂O was added, with the full dose at Week 2, and continuing for the rest of the facial eczema season (approximately 16 weeks). Semi-quantitative analysis of the water consumption of the group over the previous day(s), plus subjective impressions of the effect of the current weather on the cows' drinking behaviour, were used to adjust the quantity of Zn mixed with the current day's water supply. For all scenarios, serum samples were taken periodically from study cows to monitor the serum Zn concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Daily drenching increased serum Zn concentration: 12/15 cows (80%; 95% CI = 55-93%) reaching ≥ 18 μmol/L on Days 3 and 6. Under trough dosing, the half dose achieved a mean serum Zn concentration of 20.7 μmol/L and up to 60% (95% CI = 26-82%) of cows ≥ 18 μmol/L: at full dose the mean concentration was 16.3 μmol/L with 30% of cows (95% CI = 7-65%) ≥ 18 μmol/L. Supplementation using the dosing pump did not increase mean serum Zn concentration to ≥ 18 μmol/L at any timepoint (maximum proportion of cows ≥ 18 μmol/L: 44%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Apart from individual dosing, Zn supplementation via drinking water did not reliably increase serum Zn concentrations. This is probably related to the great variability in both group and individual water consumption. Water-based Zn supplementation should not be recommended to prevent facial eczema.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"350-360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital musculoskeletal disease associated with selenium deficiency in calves in Argentina.","authors":"F Plaza, E Sosa, A Ambrosino, J Poo, V Scioli, H Sainz-Rozas, G Cantón, J A García","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2720002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2026.2720002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>On two occasions, increased perinatal losses were reported in two beef cattle herds under extensive rearing conditions in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, during the winter calving season of 2025.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Affected calves were born weak, unable to stand and suckle, and died within 1-3 days of birth. Cumulative incidences of 10% (33/330) and 3.9% (12/305) were recorded, with 100% case fatality.</p><p><strong>Pathological and laboratory findings: </strong>Necropsies were performed on three calves: two from Outbreak 1 (one calf died within 1 day of birth and one within 3 days) and one calf that died within 1 day of birth from Outbreak 2. Grossly, in all three calves, pelvic limbs and sublumbar muscles exhibited multifocal-to-coalescent pale whitish discolouration, interspersed with haemorrhage. Microscopically, skeletal muscles presented polyphasic degeneration and necrosis of myofibres with calcified deposits within the sarcoplasm. Low Se concentrations (<0.75 mg/kg) were detected in the livers of all three calves, while Cu and Zn concentrations were within reference ranges. No evidence for the involvement of infectious agents was detected. Low Se concentrations were observed in serum samples from 18 dams from Outbreak 1 and nine from Outbreak 2. Mineral analysis of available feed from both farms showed low Cu concentrations in both outbreaks and elevated S concentrations in Outbreak 2.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Nutritional myopathy (NM) in beef calves, presumed to be associated with Se deficiency in calves born to Se-deficient dams.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Se deficiency was the most likely cause of NM, but high dietary <math><msubsup><mrow><mi>SO</mi></mrow><mn>4</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup></math> and S concentration in Outbreak 2 may have interfered with dietary Se absorption. Our study highlights that NM should be considered as a potential cause of perinatal losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}