New Zealand veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2520169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2520169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonographic identification of a prostatic grass awn with abscess formation in a dog: diagnosis, treatment and cytologic findings.","authors":"M Honarjoo, H Mansoor Lakooraj, S Zarei, M Moheimani, S A Hosseini, M Abdollahi Pirbazari, S Asadi, S Zarei","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2512870","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2512870","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144369027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of cutaneous melanocytoma in a 2-year-old Friesian bull.","authors":"S Bolton, K E Lawrence, S Bruere, F Castillo-Alcala, A Hansen","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2512868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2512868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional survey of the use of analgesic drugs in native birds in wildlife centres in Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"J Lor, N Mladenovic, G Valentic-Holden, M Sandoe, H Young, K Cheong, S Tamboowala, A McDowell","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2510290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2510290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To collate information on the analgesic drugs used in native bird species by wildlife facilities in Aotearoa New Zealand and to explore the rationale for the choice of dose used.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted to collect information regarding analgesic type and dosing in New Zealand native birds. The survey was emailed to 26 wildlife centres in New Zealand and responses were received between April and August 2021. Respondents were invited to participate in an interview after completing the survey to elaborate on their responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Survey responses were received from 11 facilities, and four follow-up interviews were conducted. The 11 facilities treated 42 different species of native birds. The most frequently reported analgesic used for the treatment of native birds was meloxicam, but butorphanol, buprenorphine and gabapentin were also reported to be commonly used. A variety of responses were received about the method used to determine the analgesic dose. Administration of analgesia to birds in these facilities was via IM, IV or SC injection, orally, or topically. Of the four respondents who answered the question, 75% believed there to be insufficient information widely available on the safe and effective doses for analgesia for birds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Meloxicam, butorphanol and tramadol were most frequently reported as commonly used analgesic drugs for avian species endemic to NZ. We highlight the need for further research on the dose requirements for analgesic drugs in New Zealand native birds to provide optimal care to this group of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-specific three-dimensional-printed models for canine adrenalectomy: a report of three cases.","authors":"M Rigo, A Pratesi, G Bertolini, F Cinti","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2511195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2511195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Case history:</b> Three dogs with adrenal masses scheduled for adrenalectomy were prospectively enrolled into a study to investigate the effectiveness of a 1:1-scale, three-dimensional (3D) printed model of neoplastic adrenal glands to aid surgical planning and provide intra-operative assistance during adrenalectomy in dogs.Case 1 presented with anorexia, lethargy and a distended abdomen; Case 2 with loss of appetite, behavioural changes, and vocalisation; and Case 3 with mild inappetence during the previous 15 days.<b>Clinical and imaging findings:</b> On physical examination, mild abdominal pain was noted in all cases. Case 1 was consistently mildly hypertensive over repeated measurements. All cases had mild or moderate elevations in the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and the concentration of C-reactive protein. Cases 1 and 2 also had mild leucocytosis. Abdominal CT revealed a left-sided adrenal tumour with caval invasion in Case 1, and right-sided adrenal tumours without caval invasion in Cases 2 and 3. 3D-printed models were created from the CT scan. Different colours were assigned to anatomical structures for better visualisation. Measurements of six anatomical landmarks were made on CT images and on the 3D-printed model. The median absolute difference in measurements taken from the model and the CT scan was 0.75 (min 0, max 3.2) mm.<b>Treatment and outcome:</b> All dogs underwent surgical removal of the adrenal tumour via sterno-pubic celiotomy. Placing the 3D model on the operating table in the same orientation as the patient allowed for precise pre-planning of the dissection depth. Printed without the fat, and fibrous and capsular tissues that typically cover the retroperitoneal space, the model helped the surgeon to visualise vascular structures that were still covered by connective tissue in the patient. Subjectively, the use of 3D models improved surgical planning and execution by enhancing the understanding of anatomical relationships and enabling the accurate identification of surgical landmarks.No major intra-operative complications were reported. Post-operative outcomes were favourable, with no significant complications observed.<b>Clinical relevance:</b> The use of 3D-printed models in adrenal surgeries for dogs may enhance the surgeon's spatial awareness and intra-operative confidence. We recommend that these models are used in conjunction with CT imaging for effective pre-operative planning. Further research with larger sample sizes and a control group would allow a fuller exploration of the benefits of 3D-printed models in veterinary surgical practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of adjusted cut-off values <i>for Neospora caninum</i> antibody ELISA in calves after colostrum intake: on-farm evaluation as part of a neosporosis eradication programme.","authors":"C M van Velsen, L J Laven, R A Laven, J F Weston","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2506412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2506412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of testing young calves using an ELISA for antibodies to <i>Neospora caninum</i> with adjusted cut-off values to account for the presence of maternal antibodies, as an aid in decision-making during calf-rearing, with the purpose of eradicating neosporosis from endemically infected dairy herds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Replacement heifer calves on two dairy farms with endemic neosporosis were blood sampled at approximately 1-4 weeks of age. Sera were tested with an ELISA for antibodies to <i>N. caninum</i>, with the thresholds increased (based on unpublished data) to account for colostrum intake. The sample/positive (S/P) cut-off value for seronegative animals was increased from the manufacturer's recommendation of S/P < 30 to < 70; the S/P value for seropositive was increased from ≥ 40 to ≥ 100; and S/P values 70-100 were considered inconclusive. Calves with inconclusive results were retested using standard thresholds at approximately 4 months of age (after colostral antibodies had waned). Seropositive calves were removed from the replacement herd. This protocol was first implemented in 2016. From 2018 onwards, parentage testing was carried out, and the calves' results were extrapolated to their dams. Dams of seropositive calves were bred predominantly to beef semen. The proportion of seronegative calves in each cohort from 2016 to 2023 was calculated, and the reproductive performance of seronegative replacement calves (% producing a calf at approximately 24 months of age) was analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of seropositive replacement calves peaked in 2017 (19.5%) and by 2023 had reduced to 1.2%. The odds of a heifer being seronegative in 2023 compared to 2016 were 14.0 (95% CI = 4.12-87.56) times higher. Compared to 2014/2015 when replacement heifers' serostatus was unknown, after 2016 (the first year when replacement heifer serostatus was established) at least 12.9% more heifers produced a calf at approximately 24 months of age; compared to 2014 the odds were at least 2.88 (95% CI = 1.75-4.88) times higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Combining early testing of replacement heifers with the identification and breeding management of dams of seropositive replacement heifers reduced the proportion of seropositive heifer calves in subsequent years and improved the reproductive performance of heifer cohorts. Further research is required to establish optimal ELISA cut-off values, but this strategy is likely to be a useful tool to reduce the <i>N. caninum</i> seroprevalence in endemically infected dairy herds.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single genotype of <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> (ST27) found in multiple species of birds in a zoological collection in New Zealand.","authors":"K Gedye, P Kulkarni, X Q Soon, A Pas, M Jensen, B D Gartrell","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2506413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2506413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the genotypes of <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> in birds associated with two clusters of disease from a zoological collection in New Zealand.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Samples were collected over two time periods from birds resident at Auckland Zoo (Auckland, NZ). In 2016, two little penguins/kororā (<i>Eudyptula minor</i>) showed respiratory disease on admission to the zoo hospital. Post-mortem samples of liver and lung were collected from the penguins and from 10 other birds from the zoo's collection that died without clinical signs. Further, 128 conjunctival, choanal and cloacal swabs were collected from 27 different bird species, all housed within the zoo and without clinical signs.In 2019, a cluster of deaths of four diamond doves (<i>Geopelia cuneata</i>) and two superb parrots (<i>Polytelis swainsonii</i>) occurred in one mixed-species aviary. Twenty post-mortem samples were collected from these birds and other birds that died around the same time across the zoo. DNA was extracted from all samples and initially tested for <i>C. psittaci</i> using a high-resolution melting quantitative PCR (HRM qPCR) protocol. We applied multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) on 10 <i>C. psittaci</i>-positive samples from four different avian species, including one sample from 2016 (little penguin) and nine post-mortem samples from 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>C. psittaci</i> was detected in 14/140 (0.10; 95% CI = 0.061-0.161) of the samples from 2016 from seven species. A penguin sample was sequenced aligning with <i>ompA</i> genotype B and was later characterised by MLST as <i>C. psittaci</i> strain ST27. With the exception of the sample from the sick penguin, the positive results yielded very low DNA copy numbers in the HRM qPCR, potentially indicating latent infections. In the 2019 cluster, <i>C. psittaci</i> was detected in 9/20 post-mortem samples from three bird species (diamond dove, superb parrot, and zebra finch (<i>Taeniopygia guttata</i>)). All nine sample sequences aligned with <i>ompA</i> genotype B and were characterised by MLST as <i>C. psittaci</i> strain ST27.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong><i>C. psittaci</i> was present within the zoological collection in a variety of bird species associated with two disease clusters. Most of these infections were asymptomatic, but a cluster of deaths due to avian chlamydiosis in 2019 affecting three species of birds was due to a single genotype, ST27, that was also present in a wild penguin in 2016. This provides evidence of pathogenicity in birds for this genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can we improve? Understanding new clinical pathology paradigms for better interpretation of results.","authors":"R M Baral","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2498136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2498136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current paradigms and practices impede the ability of practitioners to fully utilise clinical pathology results from blood and other body fluids to recognise and manage disease in veterinary patients. These issues include analyser bias, the suitability of population reference intervals, and \"grey areas\" around individual results. Analyser bias gives rise to different results for the same sample determined on different analysers (even of the same model at commercial laboratories). Such bias is often not accurately accounted for by using reference intervals specific for the different analysers. The ideal solution would be harmonising analysers so that results are equivalent regardless of the analyser they were determined on. Without harmonisation, results from different analysers should not be compared. Population-based reference intervals may not reflect the local population and, for most analytes, are much wider than an individual patient's normal fluctuation of results. This means that clinically relevant changes that remain within the population reference interval may be missed. Rather than assessing results in relation to a patient's cohort, results can be assessed in relation to a patient's prior results, expected analyser variation and expected physiological fluctuation. Such fluctuations are known as biological variation<i>.</i> Biological variation enables individualised reference intervals to be determined from prior results obtained when a patient is clinically stable. Such reference intervals are not yet readily available; however, assessing prior results and comparing them to expected variation (see Supplementary Tables 1 and 2) to recognise the significance of any change could be used as an interim measure. A single laboratory result represents a range of possible values. This range is known as dispersion and is also determined from biological and analyser variation. Dispersion creates grey areas around individual results and thresholds such as reference interval limits and staging of disease. Therefore, any threshold should not be taken as definitive and apparent changes may be within expected physiological fluctuation and therefore not significant.This review assesses the background and science behind these issues and offers ideal solutions for how they may be addressed in the future and practical approaches that can be immediately incorporated by clinicians into daily practice. Addressing these issues can help improve clinical pathology acuity and thus improve outcomes for veterinary patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspected brodifacoum poisoning in tuatara (<i>Sphenodon punctatus</i>).","authors":"S Mehta, L Booth, S Hunter, M Jolly, B D Gartrell","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2491498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2025.2491498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Between June 2017 and April 2019, three captive tuatara from a zoological facility in the South Island of New Zealand were found unwell and admitted to veterinary care. One other tuatara from the same facility was found dead from misadventure in May 2019.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>All three unwell tuatara showed clinical signs of lethargy, mucous membrane pallor, and dehydration, with haematoma formation/swelling in dependent parts of the body. Fine needle aspiration and cytology of the swellings showed common features of peripheral blood, with variable other cytological findings. Haematology confirmed marked anaemia in Case 1 (PCV 5%; reference range 22-53%) and Case 2 (PCV 1%) and suspected mild anaemia in Case 3 (PCV 27%). Case 1 died 6 weeks after initial presentation, whereas Cases 2 and 3 died soon after presentation.</p><p><strong>Pathological findings: </strong>Post-mortem examination showed general pallor of soft tissues in the three tuatara with clinical signs of coagulopathy. There was haemorrhage in the bladder wall of Case 1, while Cases 2 and 3 had haematomas (subcutaneous in Case 2 and peri-oesophageal in Case 3). The pathological diagnosis in Case 4 was death by asphyxiation following burrow collapse. Retrospective analysis showed brodifacoum was present in liver tissue at a concentration of 0.26 mg/kg in Case 3, and in skeletal muscle tissue at concentrations of 0.019 mg/kg in Case 2 and 0.035 mg/kg in the non-clinical case (Case 4).</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>The clinical signs and post-mortem findings were consistent with anticoagulant poisoning in three tuatara, and tissue concentrations of brodifacoum demonstrated exposure in three animals, including one animal with no clinical signs of coagulopathy (Case 4). Definitive diagnosis was prevented, however, by inconsistent toxicology testing and a limited understanding of toxicity thresholds in reptiles in general, and tuatara specifically.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This case series suggests that tuatara are susceptible to anticoagulant poisoning and this has implications for both the captive management of tuatara, and also the use of rodenticides in tuatara habitat, such as offshore islands and mainland sanctuaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating animals and environments in contact with leptospirosis patients in Aotearoa New Zealand reveals complex exposure pathways.","authors":"J Benschop, J M Collins-Emerson, E Vallee, G Prinsen, P Yeung, J Wright, S Littlejohn, J Douwes, A Fayaz, J C Marshall, M G Baker, T Quin, S Nisa","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2459639","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2025.2459639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Three human leptospirosis cases from a case-control study were recruited for in-contact animal and environment sampling and <i>Leptospira</i> testing between October 2020 and December 2021. These cases were selected because of regular exposure to livestock, pets, and/or wildlife, and sampling was carried out on their farms or lifestyle blocks (sites A-C), with veterinarians overseeing the process for livestock, and cases collecting environmental and wildlife samples.</p><p><strong>Laboratory findings: </strong>Across the three sites, a total of 137 cattle, > 40 sheep, 28 possums, six dogs, six rats, three pigs and three rabbits were tested. Herd serology results on Site A, a dairy farm, showed infection with Tarassovi and Pomona; urinary shedding showed <i>Leptospira borgpetersenii</i> str. Pacifica. Animals were vaccinated against Hardjo, Pomona and Copenhageni. The farmer was diagnosed with Ballum. On Site B, a beef and sheep farm, serology showed infection with Pomona; animals were not vaccinated, and the farmer was diagnosed with Hardjo. On Site C, cattle were shedding <i>L. borgpetersenii</i>; animals were not vaccinated, and the case's serovar was indeterminate. Six wild animals associated with Sites A and C and one environmental sample from Site A were positive for pathogenic <i>Leptospira</i> by PCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the complexity of potential exposures and the difficulty in identifying infection sources for human cases. This reinforces the need for multiple preventive measures such as animal vaccination, the use of personal protective equipment, pest control, and general awareness of leptospirosis to reduce infection risk in agricultural settings.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Farms with unvaccinated livestock had <i>Leptospira</i> infections, highlighting the importance of animal vaccination. Infections amongst stock that were vaccinated emphasise the importance of best practice vaccination recommendations and pest control.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"195-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}