New Zealand veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Deaths due to suspected hypothermia in sheep and alpacas on a Manawatū farm in New Zealand in mid-summer.","authors":"A L Ridler, E L Gulliver, F Castillo-Alcala","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2251425","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2251425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>In mid-summer (February), 42 of a flock of 68 ram hoggets (approximately 5 months of age) and two of a group of 14 alpacas on a farm in the Manawatū region of New Zealand were found recumbent or dead following a period of persistent rain, strong winds and relatively low temperatures. The hoggets and alpacas had been shorn 4 and 53 days previously, respectively, and were in adequate to good body condition with access to <i>ad libitum</i> pasture. Post-mortem and histological examinations were undertaken on four hoggets and two alpacas.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Apart from hypothermic body temperatures from four recumbent hoggets, nothing of significance was identified on clinical or gross pathological examination. Histological changes of vacuolar hepatopathy, renal tubular degeneration and pulmonary congestion were present in all animals examined.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Based on the history and clinical and pathological findings, hypothermia was highly probable to have been the cause of the deaths.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These cases emphasise the importance of shelter for recently shorn sheep and alpacas regardless of the season.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"39-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10244560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and effect on renal function and average daily gain in lambs after castration and tail docking, of firocoxib and meloxicam.","authors":"K Kongara, G Purchas, Vsr Dukkipati, D Venkatachalam, N Ward, H Hunt, D Speed","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2232337","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2232337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetics of IM and oral firocoxib, and IM meloxicam, and detect their effect on renal function and average daily gain (ADG) in lambs undergoing tail docking and castration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-five male Romney lambs, aged 3-6 weeks, were randomised into five treatment groups (n = 15 per group): IM firocoxib (1 mg/kg); oral firocoxib (1 mg/kg); IM meloxicam (1 mg/kg); normal saline (approximately 2 mL, oral); or sham. Following the treatment administration, hot-iron tail docking and rubber ring castration were performed in all groups except the sham group, which did not undergo the procedures, but the animals were handled in the same manner as castrated and tail docked lambs. Blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after treatment administration, and drug concentrations in plasma were quantified by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Plasma urea and creatinine concentrations were determined at a commercial laboratory. Lamb body weights were recorded before and 2, 4 and 8 weeks after tail docking and castration. The pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out using a non-compartmental approach. Between-group and between-time-point differences were compared using mixed model analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no evidence for a difference in plasma elimination half-life between firocoxib given IM (LSM 18.6 (SE 1.4) hours), firocoxib given orally (LSM 18.2 (SE 1.4) hours), and meloxicam given IM (LSM 17. 0 (SE 1.4) hours). Firocoxib (IM) had a significantly greater volume of distribution (LSM 3.7 (SE 0.2) L/kg) than IM meloxicam (LSM 0.2 (SE 0.2) L/kg). Lambs in the meloxicam group had higher (p < 0.05) plasma urea and creatinine concentrations than those in the firocoxib, saline and sham groups. Lambs' ADG was decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) compared to the other treatment groups in the 0-2 week period following meloxicam administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Both formulations of firocoxib had a long plasma elimination half-life and large volume of distribution. There was a transient reduction in ADG in the meloxicam group, possibly due to mild renal toxicity. Comparative studies on dose-response effects of firocoxib and meloxicam in lambs following the procedures are required.<b>Abbreviations</b>: ADG: Average daily gain; C_max: Maximum concentration; COX: Cyclooxygenase; LOD: Limit of detection; NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; CL: Plasma clearance; T_1/2el: Plasma elimination half-life; T_max: Time to achieve C_max; V_d: Volume of distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"306-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9778312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effect of prophylactic claw trimming on the interval between calving and first observed elevated locomotion score in pasture-based dairy cows.","authors":"C W Werema, F Hoekstra, L J Laven, K R Müller, D Gifford, R A Laven","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2238654","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2238654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate, in a pasture-based dairy herd, the response to a three-time point hoof trimming regime on lameness incidence and time from calving to observation of an elevated locomotion score (LS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted on a 940-cow spring-calving herd in New Zealand's North Island between May 2018 and May 2019. Cows (n = 250) were randomly allocated to the hoof trimming group, with the remainder assigned to the non-trim cohort. One trained professional hoof trimmer used the five-step Dutch method to trim the hind feet of the trimming group. Throughout the subsequent production season, the whole herd was locomotion-scored fortnightly using the 4-point (0-3) Dairy NZ lameness score. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to assess the univariable effect of trimming on the interval between calving and first LS of ≥ 2 and first LS ≥ 1. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to further evaluate the effect of trimming on time to elevated LS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean lameness (LS ≥ 2) prevalence was 2.6%, with 30% of cows having ≥ 4 observations during the study period when at least one LS was ≥ 2. For LS ≥ 1, mean prevalence was 40%, with 98.6% of cows having ≥ 4 observations during the study period when at least one LS was ≥ 1 during lactation. Hoof trimming had no apparent effect on the incidence of clinical lameness (LS ≥ 2) (trimmed <i>vs.</i> non-trimmed: 33.2% <i>vs.</i> 28.8%, respectively), but for LS ≥ 1, there was a small decrease in the incidence of LS ≥ 1 (trimmed <i>vs.</i> non-trimmed: 96.9% <i>vs</i>. 99.3%, respectively). The hazard of a cow having a first observed LS ≥ 2 in the control group was 0.87 (95% CI = 0.66-1.14) times that of the trimmed group; however, the hazard of a cow having a first LS ≥ 1 was 1.60 (95% CI = 1.37-1.88) times higher in the control than in the trimmed group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>On this farm, prophylactic hoof trimming had no clinically relevant impact on the incidence of clinical lameness and was not associated with clinically beneficial reductions in time to first observed LS ≥ 2. This may be because claw horn imbalance was not pronounced on this farm, with 53% of cows needing no trim on either hind limb on the first trimming occasion. Further research on the response to prophylactic trimming in pasture-based dairy cattle is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"295-305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10336049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma in a mare, requiring bilateral mastectomy.","authors":"C P Beggan,&nbsp;G C Quinn,&nbsp;G H D'Amours","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2246932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2023.2246932","url":null,"abstract":"Mammary neoplasia is uncommon in the mare and often mistaken for mastitis (Reppas et al. 1996). Incidence rates of mammary tumours in horses of 0.1–1.9% are reported, with carcinomas the most common (Brito et al. 2008). Due to the low incidence, and similarity of initial signs to those of mastitis, diagnosis is often delayed until after antibiotic and antiinflammatory treatment has failed (Boyce and Goodwin 2017). Mares are often, therefore, presented in an advanced stage of disease with a poor prognosis (Ferreira Júnior et al. 2019). Due to the infrequency of mammary neoplasia in horses it has been difficult to develop an evidence based approach to treatment. Studies in domestic animals report a low success rate with conservative management of these neoplasms. Combined with their highly aggressive and metastatic nature, surgical excision has been perceived as the treatment of choice in the initial management of these neoplasms (Seahorn et al. 1992). Mammary tubulopapillary carcinomas have been reported in multiple species, including horses. They are more malignant than other forms of mammary carcinoma; lymphovascular and lymph node metastasis occurs commonly (Goldschmidt et al. 2016). This case report describes the surgical treatment of a mare with advanced bilateral mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma and describes the use of a barbed wound closure device to reduce surgical dead space to aid in complete wound closure. An 18-year-old, Thoroughbred, multiparous, barren mare was presented to the referring veterinarian with an enlarged left mammary gland during a routine reproduction examination. Over the next 3 months the mare received three courses of anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotic therapy based on culture and sensitivity, but clinical signs persisted. The left mammary gland was scanned, revealing a mass in the interstitial tissue. The mare was then referred for further investigation, 3.5 months after initial presentation. On presentation, the mare underwent a general physical examination, the results of which were within normal limits except that the left mammary gland was enlarged and firm, with three ulcerative lesions (Figure 1A). No pain response was elicited upon palpation. The teat was also firm and enlarged. Palpation of the right gland revealed some firm masses throughout, with a normal teat. Serosanguinous secretions were easily expressed from each teat. A jugular blood sample was submitted for routine haematology and biochemistry (including serum amyloid A) and all parameters were within normal limits. Ultrasound examination of both glands was performed using a 2–5 MHz curved array transducer. The left gland and teat revealed extensive areas of mixed echogenicity with microlobulated margins and an abrupt interface between the mass and normal mammary tissue in some areas (Figure 1B) with more diffuse and generalised margins elsewhere. The right gland contained multiple focal areas of mixed echogenicity with microlobulated margins,","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 6","pages":"344-347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41207358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of orthopaedic hoof blocks for the treatment of lame cattle kept permanently at pasture.","authors":"K R Müller,&nbsp;R A Laven,&nbsp;L J Laven","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2216658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2023.2216658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare the retention by New Zealand dairy cows kept at pasture in a lame cow group, of three hoof block products commonly used in the remediation of lameness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-seven farmer-presented Friesian and Friesian x Jersey dairy cows from a single herd in the Manawatū region (New Zealand) suffering from unilateral hind limb lameness attributable to a claw horn lesion (CHL) were randomly allocated to one of three treatments: foam block (FB), plastic shoe (PS) and a standard wooden block (WB). Blocks were applied to the contralateral healthy claw and checked daily by the farm staff (present/not present) and date of loss was recorded. Blocks were reassessed on Day 14 and Day 28 and then removed unless further elevation was indicated. Daily walking distances were calculated using a farm map and measurement software. Statistical analyses included a linear marginal model for distance walked until block loss and a Cox regression model for the relative hazard of a block being lost.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Random allocation meant that differences between products in proportion used on left or right hind foot or lateral or medial claw were small. Mean distance walked/cow/day on farm tracks whilst the block was present was 0.32 (min 0.12, max 0.45) km/day; no biologically important difference between products in the mean distance walked was identified. Compared to PS, cows in the WB group were five times more likely to lose the block (HR = 4.8 (95% CI = 1.8-12.4)), while cows in the FB group were 9.5 times more likely to lose the block (HR = 9.5 (95% CI = 3.6-24.4)).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, PS were retained for much longer than either FB or WB. As cows were managed in a lame cow group for the study duration, walking distances were low and did not impact on the risk of block loss. More data are needed to define ideal block retention time.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>In cows with CHL the choice of block could be based on the type of lesion present and the expected re-epithelisation times.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 5","pages":"236-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10323279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of intraocular pressure in New Zealand White rabbits measured using rebound and applanation tonometers and four different methods of physical restraint.","authors":"S Okur, L E Yanmaz, M G Senocak, U Ersöz, A Gölgeli, F Turgut, O T Orhun, Y Kocaman","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2224277","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2224277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained in rabbits using rebound (TV) and applanation (TPV) tonometers with four different methods of physical restraint.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 20 New Zealand White rabbits (40 eyes) were included in this study. IOP readings were obtained from both eyes using the two different tonometers. The rabbits were placed on a table and restrained by wrapping in a cloth (Method I), by scruffing with rear support (Method II), by wrapping in a cloth and cupped in the hands (Method III), or by a box restrainer (Method IV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean IOP measurement obtained by TPV was higher than that obtained with the TV for all handling methods. Mean differences (TV-TPV, in mmHg) in IOP were -5.3 (95% Cl = -6.5 to -4.1) for Method 1, -4.7 (95% Cl = -6.2 to -3.29) for Method II, -4.9 (95% Cl = -6.2 to -3.7) for Method III and -7.6 (95% Cl = -9.2 to -5.9) for Method IV. Using the TV tonometer, mean IOP for Method IV was higher than for Method I (mean difference 2.1 (95% Cl = 1.1-3.1)), whereas using the TPV tonometer, mean IOP for Method IV was significantly higher than Method I, II, and III (mean differences: 4.4 (95% Cl = 2.6-5.9), 3.7 (95% Cl = 2-5.3) and 3.8 (95% Cl = 2-5.4), respectively). According to Bland-Altman plots, IOP readings for TPV tended to be higher than those for TV with all handling methods, but with a lack of agreement. The mean difference and 95% limits of agreement for the differences between TV and TPV were -5.4 mmHg (-12.5-1.9 mmHg), -4.7 mmHg (-12.9-3.5 mmHg), -4.9 mmHg (-12-2.2 mmHg), and -7.5 mmHg (-17.4-2.3 mmHg), with Methods I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Comparing TV and TPV, only 7.5%, 12.5%, 27.5%, and 15% of IOP measurements from 20 rabbits were within the range considered clinically acceptable for IOP (± 2 mmHg) for Method I, II, III, and IV, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical relevance: </strong>In conclusion, the physical restraint method should be recorded when IOP is measured in rabbits, and TV and TPV tonometers cannot be used interchangeably (high bias and low proportion of measurements within ± 2 mmHg).</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 5","pages":"251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9972976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of common sedation agents on feline splenic size determined via ultrasonography.","authors":"E Short,&nbsp;J Chagas,&nbsp;M Kurihara,&nbsp;Y Ishikawa,&nbsp;J P Chambers,&nbsp;J Bridges,&nbsp;H Sano","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2223177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2023.2223177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the effect of IM administration of three sedative drugs, acepromazine, alfaxalone and dexmedetomidine, in combination with morphine, on the size of the feline spleen using ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four client-owned cats undergoing elective de-sexing or minor procedures were recruited for a focused ultrasonographic examination of the spleen prior to and at 10, 20 and 30 minutes following administration of one of three randomly assigned IM sedation protocols: 0.05 mg/kg acepromazine (ACE group), 3 mg/kg alfaxalone (ALF group), or 10 μg/kg dexmedetomidine (DEX group), in combination with 0.5 mg/kg morphine. B-mode images of the spleen were collected and measured following a standardised protocol. Cardiorespiratory parameters and sedation score were also recorded. Mean thickness of the head, body and tail of the spleen for each group at 10, 20 and 30 minutes after drug administration was compared to baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean splenic thickness increased over time in the ACE group (thickness of body at T0 = 8.9 (SE 2.1) mm and at T30 = 10.5 (SE 2.0) mm; p = 0.001) and the ALF group (thickness of body at T0 = 8.8 (SE 1.0) mm and at T30 = 10.3 (SE 1.7) mm; p = 0.022) but not in the DEX group (thickness of body at T0 = 8.6 mm (1.2) and at T30 = 8.9 mm (0.6); p = 0.67). Mean arterial blood pressure in the DEX group was significantly higher than in the other groups (p = 0.002). Sedation scores in the DEX group were consistently high for the entire period. However, the sedation score in the ACE group increased over 30 minutes (p = 0.007). Sedation score in the ALF group was highest at 10 minutes but gradually decreased over the following 20 minutes (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sedation with IM dexmedetomidine and morphine did not change splenic size, whereas acepromazine or alfaxalone and morphine increased it regardless of the degree of sedation.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Where splenomegaly is identified in a cat sedated with acepromazine or alfaxalone, the effects of the sedation protocol could be considered as a possible cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 5","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal- and herd-level factors associated with onset of puberty in grazing dairy heifers.","authors":"N M Steele,&nbsp;M A Stephen,&nbsp;B Kuhn-Sherlock,&nbsp;S J Hendriks,&nbsp;S Meier,&nbsp;Cvc Phyn,&nbsp;C R Burke","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2224763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2023.2224763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore animal- and herd-level risk factors influencing age at puberty in predominantly Holstein-Friesian dairy heifers managed in seasonal, pasture-based systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Heifers born in spring 2018 (n = 5,010) from 54 commercial dairy herds in New Zealand were visited on three occasions when the mean heifer age, within herd, was 10 (visit 1; V1), 11 (V2) and 12 (V3) months old. Blood samples were collected on each visit and liveweight, stature and anogenital distance (AGD) were measured at V2. Heifers were defined as having reached puberty at the first visit where blood progesterone was elevated (≥ 1 ng/mL). Animal-level response variables included pubertal status by V1, V2 and V3, and age at puberty (or age at V3 plus 31 days for those that had not attained puberty by V3). To explore herd-level management factors, farmers answered a questionnaire relating to animal location, land type, health, feeding, and management between weaning and mating. A partial least squares regression was undertaken to identify herd-level factors associated with the greatest influence on puberty rate within herd.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age at puberty was 352 (SD 34.9) days. Heavier animals at a greater proportion of expected mature liveweight based on their breeding value for liveweight, or animals with a higher breed proportion of Jersey and lower breed proportion of Holstein, were associated with earlier puberty. Herd puberty rates varied widely among enrolled herds, and averaged 20%, 39% and 56% by V1, V2 and V3, respectively. Liveweight, followed by breed and land type, had the greatest influence on the herd puberty rate. Heifer herds with a greater mean liveweight (absolute and proportion of expected mature weight) or greater Jersey proportion had more animals that reached puberty at any visit, whereas herds located on steep land or with greater Holstein breed proportions had lower puberty rates. Management-related factors such as vaccinations, provision of feed supplements, and weighing frequency were also herd-level risk factors of puberty but had less influence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>This study highlights the importance of having well-grown heifers for increasing the chances of earlier puberty onset and the effect of breed and youngstock management to achieve growth targets. These outcomes have important implications for the optimal management of heifers to achieve puberty before their maiden breeding and for the timing of measurements to potentially incorporate a puberty trait in genetic evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 5","pages":"213-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated <i>Rasamsonia argillacea</i> infection in a dog.","authors":"S Polak,&nbsp;W Karalus,&nbsp;A J Worth,&nbsp;N J Cave","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2214511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2023.2214511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>A 4-year-old, male neutered Borzoi presented for unlocalised pain and frequent episodes of vocalisation.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Pain was localised to the lumbar spine and radiographs revealed a L3-L4 lesion consistent with discospondylitis. The dog was treated for presumptive bacterial discospondylitis with surgical debridement, spinal stabilisation, and cephalexin. Samples collected from the affected intervertebral disc at the time of surgery revealed lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with no causative agent identified on histopathology or bacterial culture. After an initial period of improvement, signs recurred despite an 8-week antibiotic course, with the development of inappetence, weight loss, polydipsia, and polyuria. Repeat radiographs revealed a new cervical intervertebral lesion, and concurrent pyelonephritis was diagnosed based on blood and urine results. Fungal culture of urine resulted in growth of <i>Rasamsonia argillacea</i> species complex and disseminated fungal disease was clinically diagnosed. Antifungal treatment was commenced, however the dog deteriorated, and euthanasia was performed.</p><p><strong>Pathological findings: </strong>Multifocal white plaques were grossly visualised in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, cervical vertebrae, and kidneys. Periodic acid-Schiff-positive, fine, parallel-walled, occasionally branching, septate hyphae 5-10 μm in diameter, and conidia 5-7 μm in diameter were found on sectioning all organs. <i>R. argillacea</i> species complex was identified by fungal culture of urine and was considered the species of fungal organism seen histologically. The isolate was subsequently confirmed as <i>R. argillacea</i> by DNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Disseminated <i>Rasamsonia argillacea</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong><i>Rasamsonia argillacea</i> species complex is a recognised invasive mycosis in veterinary medicine, with disseminated disease causing significant clinical complications and death. This is believed to be the first report of infection caused by <i>R. argillacea</i> in a dog in Australasia and highlights the importance of awareness of a potential fungal aetiology in dogs with discospondylitis.<b>Abbreviations:</b> CLSI: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; CRI: Constant rate infusion; MEC: Minimum effective concentration; MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; PAS: Periodic acid-Schiff.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 5","pages":"267-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9969924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic lobectomy in dogs using a stapling device with a vascular cartridge: a retrospective study of 13 cases.","authors":"D Szwec,&nbsp;A Singh,&nbsp;M Gatineau","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2212613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2023.2212613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Medical records of two veterinary hospitals in Canada were reviewed to identify cases of dogs that underwent liver lobectomy via open laparotomy using the Endo GIA surgical stapling device with a vascular cartridge (height of open and closed staples: 2.5 and 1.0 mm, respectively) between January 2016 and June 2018. Mean age at the time of surgery of the dogs (n = 13) included in the study was 10.4 (SD 1.5; min 7.9, max 12.8) years and mean body weight was 14 (min 3.9, max 37.8) kg.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Liver masses requiring hepatic lobectomy were identified in 12 dogs by abdominal ultrasound examination. The remaining dog required a lobectomy of the right medial liver lobe to address leakage from the right medial lobe hepatic duct that occurred as a complication of cholecystectomy to treat a ruptured gallbladder mucocoele.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>Complete liver lobectomy of 14 lobes (11 from the left hepatic division) in 12 dogs and partial lobectomy of one lobe in one dog was performed via open laparotomy using the Endo GIA device. The mean surgical time, including concurrent procedures, was 50 (SD 17; median 45, min 28, max 91) minutes. The most common intra-operative complication was oozing from the transected liver parenchyma in 6/13 dogs, which was mild in all cases. Five dogs experienced minor post-operative complications. No major peri- or post-operative complications occurred, and no patients required surgical re-exploration. All patients survived until discharge and were alive at the 2-week follow-up for suture removal.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Use of the Endo GIA stapling device with a vascular cartridge is feasible for liver lobectomy of the left hepatic division and in this study had low rates of intra-operative and post-operative complications. The Endo GIA stapling device is a viable option for this type of liver lobectomy in dogs. Though successful, the small number of central (two lobes) and right (one lobe) hepatic division lobectomies in this study precludes us from drawing definitive conclusions about the feasibility of this technique on these divisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"71 5","pages":"259-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}