{"title":"Cutaneous Protothecosis:Unique Histopathological Finding with Crystal Violet Staining and the Therapeutic Effect of Itraconazole","authors":"Jaehong Kim, S. Moon, H. Chun, J. Yoon, K. Song","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.38.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.38.75","url":null,"abstract":"Cutaneous protothecosis sometimes poses diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Isolation of the causative organism may not be successful and spores may be mistaken for other diseases unless the characteristic sporangia are detected in tissue sections. Because there are few cases, the optimal therapy is still being debated. Our purposes were to detect any characteristic findings of Prototheca wickerhamii under light microscopy in order to aid diagnosis and to determine which drugs were effective. On crystal violet staining we found characteristic bluish dots in Prototheca spores; these correspond to the amyloplasts or dense bodies found under electron microscopy. In vitro the isolated organisms were inhibited by itraconazole, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, and amorolfine and we were able to successfully treat three patients with itraconazole. Crystal violet staining can be helpful in diagnosing protothecosis, especially when the causative organism has not been isolated. The therapeutic effect of itraconazole was confirmed in vivo and in vitro.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"42 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90984003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Antifungal Agents Used for Deep-Seated Mycotic Infections","authors":"Kazuyoshi Watanabe","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.217","url":null,"abstract":"過去十数年の間に新規の抗真菌剤の開発がなされてきたが,アムホテリシンB(AMPH)はその強い副作用にかかわらず,今日でも確定診断された重篤な深在性真菌症にはstandard therapyとして使用されているのが現状である.現在,本邦で入手可能な深在性真菌症に対する抗真菌剤はAMPH,フルシトシン(5-FC),ミコナゾール(MCZ),フルコナゾール(FLCZ),イトラコナゾール(ITCZ)の5剤のみである.5-FCは水溶性であり,経口での吸収はよいが,抗真菌スペクトルが狭く,単独使用では耐性菌の発生が多く,多くの場合はAMPHと併用される.MCZは本邦で最も早く使用されたアゾール系抗真菌剤であるが,他に副作用の少ないアゾール系抗真菌剤が開発されたため使用量は最近では減少傾向にある.FLCZは1989年より本邦でも使用可能になった新規のトリアゾール系抗真菌剤であるが,ケトコナゾール(KCZ:本邦未発売)よりも副作用が少なく,静注用,経口用の製品があり,現在,本邦で汎用されているが,AIDS患者における,特にカンジダ属の耐性菌の問題,また,C. krusei, C. glabrataなどでの低感受性菌の問題がある.ITCZはFLCZと異なり,アスペルギルス属に対する有効性が期待されている.新規の抗真菌剤の開発が試みられているが,未だ実用化されるには時間が必要であり,現存する抗真菌剤の投与方法,併用療法も含め,今後の深在性真菌症の治療の発展に期待したい.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"88 1","pages":"217-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89050261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Katoh, K. Kimura, H. Taniguchi, Rhuji Maruyama, K. Nishioka
{"title":"Isolation of Dermatophytes by the Foot-press Method from Several, Male and Female Volunteers After Bathing in Four Public Baths","authors":"T. Katoh, K. Kimura, H. Taniguchi, Rhuji Maruyama, K. Nishioka","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.223","url":null,"abstract":"足底を直接圧抵するFoot-press培養法(FP法)を用いて,共同浴場を利用後の非罹患者の足底から皮膚糸状菌の分離を試みた.対象施設は温泉旅館2施設,いわゆる健康ランドと銭湯1施設ずつにある共同浴場で,各施設男女2名ずつを被験者とした.まず,共同浴場利用前にはFP法で被験者の足底から皮膚糸状菌は分離されなかった.次に通常の方法で浴場を利用後,再度FP法を行った.その結果,温泉旅館Iでは男性2名のみが陽性で,合計54コロニー,温泉旅館IIは男性2名,女性1名が陽性で合計28コロニー,健康ランドは男性2名,女性1名が陽性で合計25コロニー,銭湯は全員陽性で合計130コロニーの皮膚糸状菌が分離された.4施設合わせると男性は全員陽性で,合計230コロニーであったが,女性は4名陽性で,合計集落数も7コロニーと男性より少なかった.一方,菌種別の分離率をみると,Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytesともに4施設すべてから分離され,合計集落数は61と176コロニーであった.また,実験終了後にいずれの被験者も足白癬を発病しなかった.以上より同施設,同時期の共同浴場では男性用の環境中により多くの皮膚糸状菌が生存していること,および裸足で利用すると誰にでも足底に菌は付着するが,発病することはまれであることがわかった.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"229 1","pages":"223-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89136106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historical Perspectives and Projected Needs for Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Effectiveness of New Antifungal Drugs: Overview","authors":"H. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.195","url":null,"abstract":"開発中の新規抗真菌剤を適正に評価するためには,適切に計画された前臨床試験および臨床試験を実施することが不可欠である。本稿においては,深在性真菌症および(または)表在性真菌症の治療のための内用および外用抗真菌剤の薬効評価に焦点を合わせ,その現状と今後の課題を概観する.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"59 1","pages":"195-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86476127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Tameike, M. Konomi, Mamiko Sato, S. Ishijima, Y. Niwano, M. Osumi
{"title":"Structural Effects of Lanoconazole on the Hyphal Growth of Trichophyton rubrum.","authors":"A. Tameike, M. Konomi, Mamiko Sato, S. Ishijima, Y. Niwano, M. Osumi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.37.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.37.251","url":null,"abstract":"イミダゾール系抗真菌剤ラノコナゾール(LCZ)の,液体培養したTrichophyton rubrum発育菌糸に対する形態学的影響を,超高分解能低加速電圧走査電子顕微鏡ならびに透過電子顕微鏡を用いて観察した.LCZ添加菌糸は薬剤濃度段階により,特徴的な形態変化がみられた.すなわち,(1)最小発育阻止濃度(MIC,20ng/ml)のLCZ添加菌糸のゴースト化,(2)中濃度(0.31~2.5ng/ml)薬剤添加菌糸における,湾曲,過剰分岐,(3)低濃度(0.02~0.078ng/ml)薬剤添加菌糸の細胞壁の剥離,(4)濃度段階に応じた細胞壁の外側からの段階的剥離を確認した.さらに,高濃度ではゴースト化した細胞が多数認められ,一方では細胞壁の電子密度が上昇し,オルガネラが融解した細胞も多く認められた.菌糸細胞内では,中濃度薬剤添加で,細胞壁の肥厚が観察された,特に菌糸先端部の肥厚が顕著であった.また,細胞壁に高電子密度の顆粒が出現した.以上の結果から,LCZはMICの1/1,000の低濃度でもT.rubrum菌糸に影響を与え,特に細胞壁に形態学的変化を引き起こすことが示された.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"42 1","pages":"251-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84934909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}