Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Tobacco Composition, Nicotine, and Carbonyl Emissions Across IQOS Product Generations: ILUMA/TEREA Compared with IQOS 2.4/HEETS.","authors":"Mario El Hourani, Rola Salman, Rachel El Hage, Soha Talih, Nareg Karaoghlanian, Alan Shihadeh","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are marketed as reduced-exposure alternatives to combustible cigarettes. In its initial iteration, Philip Morris International's IQOS used an electrically powered metal blade to heat a reconstituted tobacco plug (HEETS). The current iteration, the IQOS ILUMA, uses electromagnetic induction to heat a metal element embedded within the tobacco plug (TEREA). This change in heating architecture may involve altered emissions and tobacco filler constituents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mainstream aerosol emissions from Sienna- and Turquoise-flavored TEREA sticks used with the IQOS ILUMA were characterized and compared with those from flavor-matched HEETS sticks used in the IQOS 2.4 device. Aerosols were generated using the Health Canada Intense regimen. Total particulate matter, nicotine, humectants, and carbonyl compounds were quantified. The tobacco plug was also analyzed for moisture, nicotine content and form. Volatile compounds were characterized using non-targeted headspace GC-MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TEREA sticks contained significantly more total nicotine and a greater freebase fraction, but significantly lower moisture than HEETS. Despite the greater nicotine content, TEREA yielded significantly lower nicotine and particulate matter emissions for both flavors. Total carbonyl emissions were similar between product lines; however, formaldehyde yields were significantly higher for both TEREA flavors. Non-targeted analysis revealed substantial differences in volatile compounds between TEREA and HEETS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IQOS ILUMA differs markedly from earlier blade-heated IQOS systems in constituents and emissions profiles. Across three IQOS generations tested under a fixed puffing protocol, nicotine emissions have systematically declined: TEREA sticks emit nearly 60% less nicotine than first-generation products despite higher tobacco nicotine content.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149228294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new policy for authors on Artificial Intelligence use in Nicotine & Tobacco Research.","authors":"Caitlin Notley","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Impact of Cigarette Excise Taxes of Varying Size on Cigarette Sales and Prices in Pennsylvania and Ohio.","authors":"Adrian J Ashley, Justin S White, Jennifer Cornacchione Ross, Paul R Shafer","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined the effects of two state cigarette excise tax increases in Ohio ($0.35) and Pennsylvania ($1.00) on cigarette prices and per-capita cigarette sales and assessed how tax magnitude relates to pass-through and sales changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary analyses used annual state-level Tax Burden on Tobacco data from 2008-2019 to estimate changes in average cigarette price per pack and per-capita cigarette sales using synthetic difference-in-differences (SDID) models, comparing each state with matched comparison states. We calculated inflation-adjusted tax pass-through rates as the change in price divided by the change in tax.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cigarette prices increased $1.27 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.47; p < 0.001) in Pennsylvania and $0.33 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.52; p < 0.001) in Ohio, corresponding to pass-through rates of 120% and 87%, respectively. Per-capita cigarette sales in Pennsylvania decreased by 6.18 packs (95% CI: -11.44 to -0.93; p = 0.02), or 14.1%. In Ohio, we did not find a significant decrease in per-capita sales (ATT = -2.05 packs; 95% CI: -6.15 to 2.04; p = 0.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Larger excise tax increases may be more likely to generate detectable reductions in tax-paid cigarette sales, potentially through greater price increases and/or higher pass-through. Excise taxes remain a core tobacco control tool, but additional rigorous evaluations are needed to determine the size and design of tax increases most likely to produce meaningful reductions in cigarette purchasing and use.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study employed quasi-experimental methods to compare cigarette tax increases of different magnitudes across two similar states, finding that Pennsylvania's $1.00 tax increase was associated with a large price increase (more than 100% pass-through) and a significant decline in tax-paid cigarette sales. In contrast, Ohio's $0.35 increase was associated with a smaller price increase and inconclusive evidence of a sustained reduction in sales. These findings indicate that higher cigarette excise taxes may be more likely to yield measurable reductions in cigarette purchasing. Accordingly, policymakers should account for tax magnitude and anticipated pass-through when setting rates to maximize public health gains.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-not-burn tobacco products induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, and alter gene expression in human dendritic cells.","authors":"Yu-Chi Wang, Wen-Wei Lin, Wei-Lun Liu, Po-Len Liu, Hsiao-Hsuan Wang, Sin-Hua Moi, Hsiu-Lin Chen, I-Ling Chen","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heat-not-burn (HNB) tobacco products generate aerosol by heating tobacco and are often perceived as less harmful than conventional cigarettes. However, their effects on human dendritic cells remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) from three independent donors were exposed to HNB extract (HNBE) in immature or LPS-matured states. Surface phenotype, cytokine secretion, redox status, and transcriptomic responses were assessed. Selected RNA-seq findings were independently validated by RT-qPCR using moDCs from three additional independent donors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HNBE did not significantly alter DC-SIGN, HLA-DR, CD80, or CD86 expression. In LPS-matured moDCs, 30% HNBE increased IL-6 by approximately 1.3-fold and TNF-α by approximately 1.4-fold, whereas other measured cytokines remained unchanged. This preferential response may reflect the primed inflammatory state associated with LPS-induced maturation. HNBE also increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and shifted cellular redox balance toward a more oxidized state. RNA sequencing identified 73 differentially expressed genes, including 28 upregulated and 45 downregulated genes, with enrichment of pathways related to immune signaling, antigen processing and presentation, and ribosomal processes. Key transcriptional changes, including those in THBS1, TIMP1, TREM1, and S100A9, were independently validated by RT-qPCR in an additional donor cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HNBE selectively enhanced IL-6 and TNF-α secretion and disrupted redox homeostasis in LPS-matured human moDCs without substantially altering their surface-marker phenotype. These biological changes were accompanied by coordinated HNBE-associated transcriptional alterations, supporting further mechanistic and in vivo investigation of HNB-related immune effects.</p><p><strong>Implication: </strong>This study provides human cell-based evidence that HNBE exposure can selectively enhance inflammatory responses and disrupt redox homeostasis in activated dendritic cells, accompanied by coordinated transcriptional alterations in immune-related pathways. These findings broaden current understanding of the immunological and redox effects of HNB products. Although further mechanistic and in vivo validation is required, the results highlight the importance of evaluating potential immune-related health effects when assessing the biological impact of HNB use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarker Evidence of Toxicant Exposure among Blunt and non-Blunt Cigar Smokers.","authors":"Tzeyu L Michaud, Jeremy Lim, Hongying Daisy Dai","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Blunts, combining tobacco and cannabis, fall into a regulatory grey area under United States federal and state laws. Blunt use is increasing among adults, yet limited evidence exists on how toxicant exposure among blunt users differ from that of non-blunt cigar users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed biospecimen data from 8,332 adults in Wave 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Weighted multivariable linear regression models compared urine biomarkers of exposure across five classes of harmful and potentially harmful constituents, along with a biomarker of oxidative stress between exclusive blunt users and exclusive non-blunt cigar users. Analyses were stratified by cigar subtype (traditional cigar, cigarillos, filtered cigar) and use frequency (some-day vs. daily).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with non-blunt cigar users, blunt users exhibited higher geometric mean concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including metabolites of acrylamide (AAMA: 129 vs. 64 ng/mg, p<0.001) and acrylonitrile (CYMA: 31.7 vs. 7.8, p=0.018), but lower lead (0.23 vs. 0.38 ng/mg, p<0.029).Blunt use was associated with distinct toxicant exposure profiles that varied by frequency of use. Among some-day users, blunt use showed higher VOCs compared with non-blunt cigar use. Conversely, daily blunt users exhibited lower urinary nicotine metabolites, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and VOCs than daily non-blunt cigar users.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the complexity of toxicant exposure associated with blunt use and underscore the need for future studies on health implications and regulatory approaches addressing concurrent tobacco and cannabis use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Mediating Factors in the Genetic Link Between Maternal Smoking Around Birth and Offspring's Cardiovascular Disease Risk.","authors":"Yafang Gao, Zeyan Zhang, Zhiyi Xie, Guangyu Lin, Xiaohong Huang, Tianyu Jin","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maternal smoking around birth (MSAB) has been associated with adverse offspring health outcomes, but whether it causally increases offspring cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remains unclear. We evaluated genetic associations of an MSAB proxy on offspring CVDs and explored potential mediating pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using large genome-wide association study datasets predominantly of European ancestry. Genetic instruments for MSAB were obtained from offspring genotypes associated with reported maternal smoking around birth in the UK Biobank. Outcomes included atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease (CAD), and myocardial infarction (MI). Multivariable MR adjusted for offspring smoking initiation, and two-step MR mediation analyses assessed body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and lipid traits as potential mediators. The inverse-variance weighted method was the primary analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted MSAB was associated with higher risks of AF (OR=2.23, 95% CI=1.28-3.92, p=4.93×10-3), HF (OR=3.84, 95% CI=1.91-7.76, p=1.70×10-4), and CAD (OR=4.50, 95% CI=1.16-17.51, p=0.03), but not MI. After adjustment for offspring smoking, the associations remained significant for HF (OR=3.88, 95% CI=1.57-9.55, p=3.22×10-3) and CAD (OR=6.23, 95% CI=2.23-17.40, p=4.82×10-4). Mediation analyses suggested that higher BMI and triglycerides, lower HDL-C and ApoA-I, and greater T2DM liability may partly mediate these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genetically proxied MSAB was associated with offspring CVD risk, particularly HF and CAD. Adiposity, dyslipidemia, and T2DM may represent important mediating pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and Correlates of E-Cigarette Use for Cigarette Cessation Among U.S. Adults: Evidence from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (PATH) Waves 5-7 (2018-2023).","authors":"Olufemi Erinoso, Ebbie Kalan, Wei Li, Fahima Nasrin Eva, Ben Taleb Ziyad, Olatokunbo Osibogun","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We describe trends in the prevalence of e-cigarette use for cigarette smoking cessation among U.S. adults who smoke, and identify social, cognitive, and behavioral correlates of e-cigarette use for cigarette cessation over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed cross-sectional data from Waves 5 (2018-2019), 6 (2021), and 7 (2022-2023) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study among adults with current established cigarette smoking who reported a past-year quit attempt (2018-2019: n=3,074; 2021: n=1,944; and 2022-2023: n=1,678). Weighted prevalence estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) summarized the proportion of respondents who reported using e-cigarettes for smoking cessation. Wave-specific multivariable logistic regression models estimated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for demographic, social, cognitive, and behavioral correlates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The weighted prevalence of e-cigarette use for cigarette cessation was 20.0% (95% CI: 18.3-21.8) in 2018-2019, declined to 15.4% (13.5-17.5) in 2021, and increased to 19.6% (17.4-22.0) in 2022-2023. Perception of e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes was associated with higher odds of using e-cigarettes for cessation at all waves (AORs: 2.24-4.17; p<0.05). Reporting that important peers used e-cigarettes (\"social exposure\") was also a consistent correlate (AORs: 2.03-2.76; p<0.05). Extreme interest in quitting cigarettes was associated with e-cigarette use for cessation only in 2018-2019 (AOR:2.31; p<0.05) and not in later years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation remained common from 2018 to 2023. Perceived lower harm and social exposure were consistently associated with this behavior, highlighting the influence of cognitive and social factors on cessation-related decisions among adults who smoke cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-specific influences on smoking behavior: Evidence from a within-person between-pregnancy analysis.","authors":"Suena H Massey, Lijun Li, Jenae M Neiderhiser, Caron A C Clark, Lauren S Wakschlag","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pregnancy is associated with substantial reductions in cigarette smoking, yet the pregnancy-specific influences contributing to within-person differences in smoking behavior remain poorly understood. We examined whether pregnancy order and fetal sex were associated with smoking behavior across successive pregnancies within the same woman.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 120 multiparous smokers who reported smoking behavior before, during, and after 321 pregnancies in a discordant sibling prenatal tobacco exposure study. Mixed-effects Poisson and logistic regression models with pregnancies nested within mothers estimated associations of pregnancy order and fetal sex with smoking intensity and smoking cessation while adjusting for maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, and partner smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women were more likely to quit smoking during the first trimester of their first pregnancy than during subsequent pregnancies (adjusted OR = 5.00, 95% CI 2.06-12.11), despite smoking more heavily before conception. Female fetal sex was associated with fewer cigarettes smoked during the first trimester (adjusted RR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.74-0.98), independent of maternal characteristics and pregnancy order.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pregnancy order and fetal sex were associated with meaningful within-person differences in smoking behavior across successive pregnancies. These findings identify pregnancy-specific influences on smoking behavior and establish a framework for future investigation of the mechanisms through which pregnancy naturally alters addictive behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Oral Nicotine and Tobacco Product Use among US Adults.","authors":"Alyssa F Harlow, Dae-Hee Han, Steve Sussman, Adam Leventhal","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Whether demographic and tobacco use characteristics differ between adults using new non-tobacco oral nicotine products (ONPs; e.g., nicotine pouches and other ONPs [e.g., gums, lozenges]) versus those using oral tobacco products (e.g., snus and other smokeless tobacco) is unknown but important to tobacco control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using cross-sectional nationally representative data from n=29,705 United States (US) adults (≥18y) in wave 7 (2022-2023) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, we compared weighted distributions of sociodemographic and tobacco use characteristics among those reporting past 30-day use of non-tobacco ONPs and oral tobacco products.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of past 30-day use was 1.4% for nicotine pouches, 0.66% for other ONPs, 0.95% for snus, and 2.4% for other smokeless tobacco products excluding snus. Adults who used nicotine pouches were more likely than those who used smokeless tobacco to be 18-24-year-olds (36.6%[95%CI:29.5-44.3] vs. 16.8%[95%CI:13.1-21.3]), be female (21.8%[95%CI:15.5-29.7] vs. 8.6%[95%CI:6.4-11.4]), have a college degree (35.2%[95%CI:27.8-43.3] vs. 15.9%[95%CI:12.1-20.7]), live in the Western US (29.5%[95%CI:22.6-37.5] vs. 16.0% [95%CI:12.1-21.0]), and currently vape nicotine (37.4%[95%CI:29.1-46.5] vs. 21.7%[95%CI:17.4-26.7]), and more likely to have a college degree than those who used snus (15.7%[95%CI:10.3-23.3]). Adults who used other ONPs were more likely to be female (48.7%[95%CI:37.8-59.7]) than all other use groups, and more likely to smoke cigarettes (53.5%[95%CI:43.1-63.5]) than those who used nicotine pouches (29.8%[95%CI:22.9-37.9]) or smokeless tobacco (33.1%[95%CI:27.5-39.2]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ONP use may be expanding to populations who may otherwise not have used oral tobacco, including younger, female, and higher socioeconomic status populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotine pouch use induces alterations in salivary metabolites and metabolic pathways. Preliminary study based on NMR spectroscopy.","authors":"Lauriina Soiniemi, Sami Pétain, Jeannet Åhlström, Saara Järviö, Jopi Mikkonen, Miia Hurskainen, Reijo Lappalainen, Arja Kullaa","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nicotine, a addictive substance in tobacco products, has profound negative impacts on oral and systemic health. This study aims to investigate salivary metabolites and metabolic pathways in nicotine pouch users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 28 participants. Of these, 13 individuals used nicotine pouches referred to as nicotine group (NG). Control group (HCs) contains 15 healthy subjects, who do not use any nicotine products. Whole mouth saliva samples were collected in three ways: unstimulated saliva (US-WMS); sub-pressure stimulated saliva (SPS-WMS), and stimulated saliva (S-WMS). Saliva samples were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and the metabolic pathway analysis was conducted using the MetaboAnalyst 6.0 platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 salivary metabolites were quantified. In NG, salivary choline both in US-WMS and S-WMS showed elevated levels when compared to HCs. The six metabolic pathways in NG were assessed: Phosphatidylethanolamine Biosynthesis (PB; highest Pathway Impact score), Glucose-Alanine Cycle, Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis, Phospholipid Biosynthesis, Lactose Degradation, and Trehalose Degradation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>High level of choline have seen in NG affecting the cholinergic system due to deleterious properties of nicotine. In NG, disruption of PB metabolism can lead to salivary gland dysfunction, characterized by reduced saliva secretion and altered composition. Furthermore, dysregulation of PB metabolism has been linked to various systemic diseases. More studies are needed, a more detailed characterization of different product use could have improved the nicotine intake models, and the effects of smoking cessation on salivary metabolome could bring information about the health benefits of this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}