Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"The Display and Advertising of Roll-Your-Own Tobacco at Points-of-Sale in Argentina, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru.","authors":"Emilia Elicabe, María Belén Arnaudo, Crawford Moodie, Catherine Best, Georgia Alexandrou, Raúl Mejia","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco consumption is highest in Europe, increased sales are reported in Latin America. We are unaware of any research that explores the display and advertising of RYO tobacco in this region.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>An observational study was conducted at tobacco-selling points-of-sale (POS, N = 2081) near schools in cities in Argentina, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru between April and July 2023. In each of the 16 cities (four per country), schools were randomly selected and stratified according to neighborhood socioeconomic status, with all POS located in pre-established routes around schools observed. A codebook was used to assess the display of RYO tobacco and accessories (ie, rolling papers and filters) and the presence of advertising for these products. Logistic regressions were employed to estimate the association between the display of RYO tobacco and accessories (defined as being visible at the points-of-sale) and type of points-of-sale, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and city.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Apart from a single store in Guatemala, RYO tobacco and accessories were only observed in Argentina, at 110 (21.5%) POS. In Argentina, RYO tobacco and accessories were more likely to be displayed in convenience and neighborhood stores compared to kiosks, in high and middle socioeconomic neighborhoods compared to low socioeconomic neighborhoods, and in Cordoba and Santa Rosa than in Quilmes and San Salvador de Jujuy. Advertising for RYO tobacco (1.8%) and accessories (3.1%) at POS was uncommon.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides insight into RYO tobacco penetration in multiple Latin American countries, finding that the display of this product is largely restricted to Argentina.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Increasing sales of RYO tobacco have been reported in Latin America. Despite this, there is limited academic research on the consumption of RYO tobacco in this region and no research on its presence at the points-of-sale. This study provides insight into RYO tobacco and accessories penetration in Argentina, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru, finding that the display of this product at points-of-sale is generally limited to Argentina. Continued monitoring of the display and marketing of this product is needed across these countries. Research in Argentina exploring how RYO tobacco and accessories are perceived by smokers and young people would be of value.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1306-1310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Messaging and Perception in Reducing Youth Vaping.","authors":"Alina Yang","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Mental Health Symptoms, Nicotine Product Use, and Their Association Over Time Among Adolescents in Canada, England, and the US: Findings From the ITC Adolescents Tobacco and Vaping Survey, 2020-2023.","authors":"Emily E Hackworth, Desiree Vidaña-Pérez, Riley O'Neal, Minji Kim, Jennifer Fillo, David Hammond, James F Thrasher","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a well-established bidirectional relationship between cigarette smoking and internalizing mental health (IMH) symptoms (eg, symptoms of depression, symptoms of anxiety). However, it is unclear whether IMH symptoms are associated with using different types or combinations of nicotine products (eg, combustible, noncombustible, exclusive product use, or multi-product use). The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of the relationship between adolescent IMH symptoms and use of a wide variety of nicotine products by examining the association between IMH symptoms and current nicotine use from 2020 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>Data come from the 2020 to 2023 waves of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Adolescents Tobacco and Vaping Survey, an online repeat cross-sectional survey of adolescents aged 16-19 in Canada, England, and the United States (n = 80,427). Current nicotine use was examined in four categories: (1) no use, (2) exclusive noncombustible product use, (3) exclusive combustible product use, and (4) use of both product types. Respondents reported current symptoms of depression or anxiety, and we generated a dichotomous IMH symptoms variable (yes vs. no). We examined the association between IMH symptoms and current nicotine use using multinomial logistic regression models that adjusted for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IMH symptoms were most strongly associated with use of both product types (adjusted relative risk ratio [ARRR]: 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.80 to 2.03), followed by exclusive noncombustible use (ARRR: 1.70, 95% CI = 1.61 to 1.80), and then exclusive combustible use (ARRR: 1.29, 95% CI = 1.21 to 1.37).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents with IMH symptoms are more likely to use nicotine products in general than adolescents without IMH symptoms. Specifically, noncombustible product use may have a particularly strong relationship with poor mental health among adolescents. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand directionality.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study provides an up-to-date understanding of how mental health and nicotine use are related among adolescents, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. Results indicate that youth mental health may be related to nicotine use, particularly noncombustible use, which is largely driven by e-cigarette use. Efforts to reduce youth e-cigarette use may consider emphasizing its relationship with mental health. Efforts to promote e-cigarette use as a less harmful alternative to cigarette smoking should be aware of the association between vaping and youth mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1256-1264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Tobacco Smoking and Emotional Processing Abilities: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Elisa Martini, Mado Gautier, Séverine Lannoy, Pierre Maurage","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains highly prevalent and is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, particularly in attentional functions. Conversely, the understanding of emotional deficits related to TUD remains limited, despite its potential impact on mood regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted the first systematic review on emotional processing in TUD, based on a well-established model of emotion distinguishing three processes (emotional identification, emotional response, and emotional regulation), to which we added emotional attention as a fourth component. Capitalizing on a preregistered approach and following PRISMA guidelines, we synthesized existing literature on emotional processing impairments in TUD, identifying 14 relevant studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicate large-scale impairments encompassing all emotional components in TUD, demonstrating that emotional processing constitutes a crucial dimension of TUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Emotional processing emerges as a key aspect of TUD but, in view of the currently limited quantity and quality of research in this area, we offer guidelines for more comprehensive and theory-grounded investigations, to advance theoretical knowledge and pave the way for efficient interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1157-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Smoking to Vaping: The Motivation for E-cigarette Use at the Neurobiological Level-A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.","authors":"Nadja Grundinger, Marike Andreas, Valerie Lohner, Sven Schneider, Ute Mons, Sabine Vollstädt-Klein","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae273","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are considered a potential aid for smoking cessation. This study investigates the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the motivational properties of e-cigarettes compared to tobacco cigarettes and provides insights into their addictive potential and implications for smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>The study included 47 daily e-cigarette users, the majority of whom were former smokers (n = 43), and 28 nicotine-naïve participants as controls. Among the e-cigarette users, 32 individuals currently used e-cigarettes exclusively, while 15 also used tobacco cigarettes (dual users). Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine anticipatory brain activation to reward-predictive stimuli for money, e-liquid, or tobacco cigarettes, as well as the instrumental response to obtain each reward.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exclusive e-cigarette users demonstrated increased activation in limbic regions, for example, the nucleus accumbens, during the anticipation of e-liquid and money over tobacco cigarettes. Prefrontal regions showed greater activation during the anticipation of money compared to e-liquid or tobacco cigarettes. Dual users showed greater activation for money compared to tobacco cigarettes in the hippocampal limbic system. No significant differences were observed in the anticipation of e-liquid and tobacco cigarettes among dual users.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>E-cigarettes are perceived as equally rewarding as money, highlighting their addictive potential. Among exclusive e-cigarette users, money and e-liquid have stronger motivational properties than tobacco cigarettes (even among former smokers), suggesting that e-cigarettes may be an effective tool for tobacco cessation. The comparable appeal of e-liquid and tobacco cigarettes among dual users may suggest that a complete switch to e-cigarettes may be more effective for smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>It is important to understand the motivational properties of e-cigarettes, particularly compared to traditional tobacco products. E-cigarettes with little or no addictive potential might not be effective as a substitute for tobacco cigarettes; however, a high addictive potential would, conversely, pose a risk to nonsmokers. Our data suggest that e-cigarettes have a sufficiently high addictive potential to make them an attractive alternative for smokers, especially if they switch completely from tobacco to e-cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1236-1246"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurring Change in Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) and Cigarette Harm Perceptions and Use in Young Adults.","authors":"Justin D Caouette, Marina Epstein, Max A Halvorson, Sarah Danzo, Margaret R Kuklinski, Sabrina Oesterle","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may contribute to cigarette use and nicotine addiction by shifting perceptions and norms around tobacco, but little is known about whether or how ENDS use and norms are related to cigarette use and norms, particularly among young adults. This study tested two potential mechanisms by which END use may facilitate cigarette use: decreasing tobacco harm perceptions (desensitization) and increasing favorability of tobacco use (renormalization).</p><p><strong>Aims and method: </strong>Analyses included data from 2187 young adults in a longitudinal panel who reported any ENDS or combustible cigarette use at ages 21, 23, or 26. The sample was 53.6% male, 19.3% Hispanic, and 68.0% White. Parallel process latent growth models were fitted to test how change in ENDS use and harm perceptions about ENDS use co-occurred with change in cigarette use and harm perceptions about cigarette use across a 6-year period from ages 21, 23, and 26 (years 2014-2019).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When ENDS harm perceptions decreased and ENDS use increased, cigarette harm perceptions decreased and the favorability of cigarettes increased. Decreases in ENDS harm perception were differentially associated with the likelihood of transition to cigarette use (an increase) and frequency of use when it occurred (a decrease).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changing tobacco harm perceptions and favorability are two processes by which ENDS use may underlie transitions to cigarette use. Tobacco prevention messaging should emphasize the potential harms of ENDS use that could occur through shifting tobacco perceptions, especially among young adults who are not already frequent cigarette smokers.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Increasing favorability of ENDS (and increased ENDS use) may generalize to combustible cigarettes. Continued use of ENDS can increase risk of cigarette use when this exposure desensitizes nonsmoking young adults from the dangers of smoking and renormalizes pro-tobacco attitudes. Findings suggest that prevention messaging around tobacco products should emphasize the potential harms of ENDS use (including the increased likelihood of cigarette use after initiating ENDS), especially among young adults who are not already frequent cigarette smokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1192-1199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking Uptake Among Adolescents in Social Housing Australia.","authors":"Ankur Singh, Erika Martino, Adelle Mansour, Rebecca Bentley","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae207","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Australia's limited social housing has created geographically concentrated locales of poverty with high smoking rates. The impact of social housing on smoking initiation among adolescent residents is unknown, despite adolescence being a critical period for smoking prevention. We examine the relationship between social housing residency and smoking initiation among adolescents to quantify the likelihood of smoking uptake among social housing residents compared to a similar cohort in other tenures, accounting for socioeconomic factors and household exposure to smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data on 15- to 18-year-old adolescents (n = 3132) from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey (2001-2019). We applied inverse probability treatment weights to maximize exchangeability between social housing tenants and their counterparts in other tenures. We quantified the risk of smoking 5 years after exposure measurement among those in social housing on both an absolute and relative scale. Baseline covariates included household income, age at study entry, sex, family type, smoking at baseline, highest household education, and household exposure to smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescent residents in social housing had a 17% greater risk of smoking 5 years after baseline measurement than their counterparts in all other tenures (Average Treatment Effect (ATE): 0.165, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.02 to 0.31). On the relative scale, those in social housing had 1.80 times (95% CI = 0.95 to 2.66) higher risk of being a smoker than those in other tenures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents residing in social housing have a higher risk of becoming smokers as young adults than their counterparts in other tenures, irrespective of smoking exposure in their own homes.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study investigates the impact of social housing on smoking initiation among adolescents, revealing that those residing in social housing have a higher risk of becoming smokers in young adulthood, independent of smoking exposure at home. The research highlights the contribution of social housing to ongoing disparities in smoking rates in Australia and emphasizes the need to further understand and review social housing provision from the perspective of its consequences on health. Moreover, the results advocate for comprehensive policies that extend beyond individualized harm reduction strategies to promote social inclusion and address health inequalities associated with smoking in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1186-1191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-cigarette Quit Attempts in Emerging Adults: Motivations for Attempts and Predictors of Cessation Barriers.","authors":"Laura J Holt, Anna M Petrey, Adrian J Bravo, Folly Folivi","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae283","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although young adults use electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) more often than any other demographic group, most are interested in cessation; however, little is known about their cessation experiences. The present study examined characteristics associated with quit attempts, reasons for quitting and resources utilized, and psychological symptoms (ie, depression, anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]) associated with cessation barriers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>College-attending adults from six US institutions who endorsed lifetime ENDS use (N = 2007; 75% female) completed a 1-hour online survey between Fall 2022 and Spring 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than half of participants (53%) made a cessation attempt; of those participants, more than half (53%) made multiple attempts. Male sex; college region; earlier ENDS initiation; higher ENDS dependence; disposable or pod device use; and past 30-day combustible use were associated with cessation attempts. Health concerns motivated many quit attempts (44%), although participants identified a range of reasons that converged with prior research. Unassisted cessation methods were most common (eg, cold turkey [68%], willpower [53%]). Although utilized far less often, replacing vaping with another activity, support from family/friends, nicotine replacement, and prescription cessation medications were perceived to be helpful. Anxiety sensitivity and ADHD symptoms were associated with more barriers to cessation, particularly with affect management and withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ENDS quit attempts are common among young adults, particularly males and those with higher dependence, but largely are unassisted. Encouraging the use of multiple interventions and tailoring interventions to those with psychological vulnerabilities are critical next steps to improving young adults' success with ENDS cessation.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Young adults are motivated to quit ENDS for a wide range of intra- and interpersonal reasons. However, their limited uptake of ENDS cessation resources suggests an opportunity to better publicize and increase access to these resources, particularly to digital resources, nicotine replacement therapy, and prescription cessation medications. To be maximally effective, cessation interventions should be multipronged and address the unique challenges faced by individuals with greater anxiety sensitivity and ADHD symptoms, prominent issues in this developmental stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1209-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco Smoking in Early Adulthood and Labor Market Performance: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.","authors":"Jutta Viinikainen, Petri Böckerman, Christian Hakulinen, Jaana T Kari, Terho Lehtimäki, Katja Pahkala, Jaakko Pehkonen, Jorma Viikari, Olli T Raitakari","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae296","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco smoking has been associated with reduced success in the labor market, potentially due to its negative impact on labor productivity, especially in physically demanding jobs, as it affects physical fitness and performance adversely.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study used data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study survey, linked to register information on labor market outcomes and education attainment, to examine the association between tobacco smoking and long-term labor market outcomes (earnings and employment, N = 1953). Smoking levels were determined by cigarette pack-years in 2001, as reported in the survey, whereas annual earnings and employment status were tracked from 2001 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A one-unit increase in pack-year of smoking was associated with a 1.8% decrease in earnings (95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.6% to -0.9%) and a 0.5% reduction in years employed (95% CI: -0.6% to -0.3%). This association was pronounced among participants with lower education levels. The earnings difference was evident among younger cohorts, whereas a negative correlation with employment was observed most strongly in older cohorts among individuals with lower education.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that smoking had a negative effect on earnings among the younger generation, particularly among the less well-educated. The finding of greater impacts on years of employment among the older age group, particularly among groups with low education levels, is consistent with the delayed onset of most health impacts, which may particularly affect productivity in physically demanding jobs that are more common among people with less education.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Adverse consequences of smoking include reduced earnings and labor market participation, particularly among less well-educated groups. Tobacco control advocates should draw attention to these consequences in arguing for effective measures to reduce smoking initiation and increase cessation in order to achieve socially optimal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1289-1293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in Relative Risk Perceptions and Tobacco Use by Race and Socioeconomic Status Among Older Adults Who Smoke: Evidence From the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.","authors":"L Morgan Snell, Andrew J Barnes, Thomas Eissenberg","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae242","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Older adults who smoke face significant risk of tobacco-related diseases and hold misperceptions about health risks posed by nicotine product use. This study examined whether socioeconomic status (SES) and race are associated with variation in cigarette/e-cigarette relative risk perceptions, whether relative risk perceptions are associated with tobacco use behaviors, and whether SES and race moderate associations between perceptions and use behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five waves of Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study yielded data from 1879 adults aged 55 years and older who smoked within the past 30 days during Wave 1. Adjusted longitudinal logistic models estimated associations between higher versus lower SES (\"low SES\": less than high school diploma/GED and annual household income <$25 000) and race (White vs. Black/African American [AA]) and e-cigarette/cigarette relative risk perceptions, behavioral intentions, and e-cigarette use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower-SES adults were more likely to report that e-cigarettes were very/extremely harmful to health (adjusted OR [AOR]: 1.74, p < .01) and less likely to report that e-cigarettes were less harmful than cigarettes (AOR: 0.65, p < .01). Black/AA adults were less likely to report that e-cigarettes were less harmful than cigarettes. Participants rating e-cigarettes as equally/more harmful than cigarettes exhibited lower odds of intending to quit smoking or switch to e-cigarettes. Finally, Black/AA adults who also perceived e-cigarettes equally/more harmful than cigarettes exhibited greater odds of trying to reduce rather than quit smoking (AOR: 1.58, p = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many older adults who smoke perceive e-cigarettes as equally or more harmful than cigarettes, particularly low-SES and Black/AA older adults. Differences in relative risk perceptions among high-priority populations could negatively influence cessation attempts and switching behaviors.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study found that Black/AA and low-SES older adults who smoke cigarettes were more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as harmful or more harmful than cigarettes. The absence of accurate, evidence-based information regarding the relative health risks associated with the long-term use of various tobacco products may impede policy efforts to reduce disparities in smoking-related disease through increased cessation and/or harm reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1168-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}