Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Content analysis of tobacco brands' \"Tagged\" section on Instagram.","authors":"Scott I Donaldson, Kathryn La Capria, Amanda DeJesus, Ollie Ganz, Jon-Patrick Allem","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brands can be \"tagged\" in Instagram posts to communicate a partnership with a social media influencer. Little is known about the content of these communications in the tobacco-related literature. To address this gap, this study identified tagged posts on the official Instagram pages of tobacco brands and described the themes of such posts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six tobacco brands with official Instagram pages were identified. Each tagged section of the brand's official Instagram page was examined to identify potential partnerships with social media influencers. Posts to the tagged section of the Instagram page were collected from November 2022 to February 2024. For each post, tobacco-related themes were coded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study identified 594 tagged posts from 222 potential social media influencers. The most common theme among tagged posts was product presence (n=430, 72.4%), followed by branding (n=421, 70.9%). Young adults were identified in 40.4% (n=240) of posts. Among users who tagged a brand account, 96.1% (n=571) of their account profiles contained URL links to commercial websites, suggesting social media influencer status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that the tagged section of tobacco brands' Instagram pages contained posts suggestive of paid partnerships between the brand and social media influencers. These posts often featured tobacco use and young adults. Future research should examine whether the presence of (or accessibility to) URL links to commercial websites appearing on influencers' pages increases an Instagram user's purchase intentions and tobacco use initiation.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study showed that the \"tagged\" sections of the official Instagram pages of six tobacco brands featured tobacco use, contained links to commercial websites, avoided content about addiction, and revealed that social media influencers inconsistently disclosed financial relationships with tobacco brands. In addition to enforcing and bolstering online marketing restrictions, prevention programs and interventions may focus on tobacco-related digital media literacy to help inoculate young adults against the pro-tobacco online environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial incentives for substance abstinence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Damon Phillips-Chantelois, Kelsey Sharrad, Shagufta Perveen, Tahlia Gammatopoulos, Nawal Usmani, Karen Szumlinski, Kristin Carson-Chahhoud","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Substance Use Disorder (SUD) increased by 45% globally in the past 10 years, representing one of the largest increases in risk factors for disease. Financial incentives (FI) are a promising tool to promote health behavior change, including substance abstinence. We aim to address a 10-year gap in the evidence and identify key characteristics for optimal treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was undertaken per Cochrane guidelines and the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Medline, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched up to 11th September 2024. Included studies offered FI to substance users in exchange for substance abstinence compared to an alternative intervention control. The primary outcome extracted was substance abstinence at latest follow-up. Secondary outcomes such as cost-effectiveness, adverse events, and motivational assessments were also extracted. Risk of bias was analyzed using the RoB 1 tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 5,042 studies identified, 246 were shortlisted for full-text review and included 39 RCTs (N = 27,845) for meta-analysis. SUD categories spanning nicotine (n = 30, OR = 1.83; 95%CI = 1.65-2.03, p < .001), alcohol (n = 3, OR = 4.69, 95%CI = 1.59-13.86, p = .005), stimulants (n = 2, OR = 3.52; 95%CI = 0.36-34.18, p = 0.28), and polydrug (n = 2, OR = 3.11, 95%CI = 0.53-18.25, p = 0.21) were meta-analyzed for improving abstinence rates. Cannabis and opioid sub-groups could not be meta-analyzed. Overall effectiveness was significant for FI improving substance abstinence rates (OR=1.93, 95%CI=1.66-2.24, p<.001) with continued significance through 12-month or longer follow-ups (OR=1.78; 95%CI=1.50-2.12, p<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this meta-analysis suggest that FI are an effective tool for increasing substance abstinence, particularly nicotine and alcohol, however, future research is recommended for other substances such as stimulants and opioids.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the use of financial incentives for substance use disorders provides the first update on trends in this field since 2014 and the first meta-analysis since 2006. Notably, this review challenges the concerns of sustainability and effects on motivation which have withheld the clinical application of financial incentives for substance use disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cigarette package tar yield displays, tar warning statement, and plain packaging on low-tar cigarette misperceptions among South Koreans who smoke.","authors":"Stella Juhyun Lee","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined whether different cigarette package features such as tar yield display, tar warning statement, and plain packaging affect beliefs about tar intake, smoothness, and safety of low-tar cigarettes among South Koreans who smoke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online randomized between-subjects experiment was carried out (n = 500) on a panel of South Koreans who smoke. Participants were exposed to either a mock cigarette package that 1) displayed tar yield; 2) did not display tar yield; 3) showed a tar warning statement; or 4) was plain packaged. Beliefs about tar intake, smoothness, and safety were measured post-exposure. Beliefs were compared across conditions, and mediation analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants exposed to the tar warning statement believed the mock cigarette would deliver lesser tar compared to those only exposed to the package that displayed tar yield. Those who viewed the cigarette package with no tar yield number were less likely to agree that the cigarette would be smoother compared to those who viewed the package with a visible tar yield number. The effect of viewing the tar warning statement on safety beliefs was fully mediated by tar intake beliefs. The effect of exposure to tar yield display on safety beliefs was fully mediated by smoothness beliefs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Study results indicate that the current tar warning statement could increase misperceptions. Removing tar yield numbers may reduce smoothness beliefs about low-tar cigarettes. Health communication efforts should address beliefs about tar intake and smoothness when trying to correct low-tar cigarette misperceptions about safety.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Previous research has found that tar yield numbers displayed on the front of South Korean low-tar cigarette packages may mislead people to perceive lesser harm. However, studies have not yet examined whether other package elements such as the current tar warning statement or plain packaging could reduce misperceptions. Study results indicated that viewing the current tar warning statement backfires by increasing belief in lesser tar intake. Viewing tar yield numbers also led to increased perception that the cigarette will feel smoother. Plain packaging did not exert any effects on beliefs about tar intake, safety or smoothness. Findings can inform tobacco packaging policies and health communication efforts to reduce misperceptions about low-tar cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Effectiveness of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Sampling in Chinese Women of a Sex-Specific Smoking Cessation Program in Hong Kong, China.","authors":"Hong Chen, Tzu Tsun Luk, Ziqiu Guo, Annie On Ni Yip, Yee Tak Derek Cheung, Sophia Siu Chee Chan, Tai Hing Lam, Man Ping Wang","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) sampling has been shown effective in increasing smoking abstinence by trials, but the real-world effectiveness in women is unknown. We examined the effectiveness of 1-week NRT sampling combined with counseling on smoking abstinence in Chinese women.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted on 545 Chinese women (mean age: 37.7 years) receiving nurse-delivered smoking cessation counseling from the Women Quit program in Hong Kong from 2006 to 2023. 1-week free NRT sampling was offered to all participants. Participants were categorized based on NRT usage at 1 month: non-users (n = 255), users of < 1 week (n = 112), and 1-week users (n = 178). The primary outcome was self-reported 7-day point prevalence of abstinence (PPA) at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with non-users receiving counseling alone, 1-week users had higher 7-day PPA at 3- (aRR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.20) and 6-month (aRR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.25), higher 60-day (aRR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.33) and 150-day continuous abstinence (aRR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.20), and higher smoking reduction rates at 3- (aRR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.17) and 6-month (aRR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.02) follow-ups. Users of < 1 week had similar smoking abstinence and reduction rates compared with non-users (all p > .05). Higher 7-day PPA at 6 months of 1-week users was observed in lower versus higher education and income (both p for interaction < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The evidence presented suggests the real-world effectiveness of 1-week NRT sampling combined with counseling for increasing smoking abstinence and reduction rates in women. This implies that encouraging sampling of NRT will improve smoking cessation outcomes, particularly for women of low socioeconomic status.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>We found that using 1-week NRT sampling combined with counseling was associated with higher smoking abstinence and reduction rates compared with counseling alone in women receiving a quitline service. We also found that women with socioeconomic disadvantages and older age benefited more from the use of 1-week NRT sampling. These findings highlight the importance of offering and promoting the use of 1-week NRT sampling as part of smoking cessation programs for women, particularly those with lower socioeconomic status, potentially to narrow cessation disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Harm of Vaping Relative to Smoking and Associations With Subsequent Smoking and Vaping Behaviors Among Young Adults: Evidence From a UK Cohort Study.","authors":"Katherine East, Eve Taylor, Ann McNeill, Ioannis Bakolis, Amy E Taylor, Olivia M Maynard, Marcus R Munafò, Jasmine Khouja","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a lack of evidence on whether vaping harm perceptions can predict vaping and smoking behaviors among young adults in the United Kingdom. We aimed to assess whether the perceived harm of vaping relative to smoking is associated with subsequent changes in vaping and smoking behaviors in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a prospective cohort study. Longitudinal associations were assessed between the perceived harm of vaping relative to smoking at baseline (approximately 24 years old; Nov'15-Aug'17) and the following smoking/vaping outcomes at follow-up (approximately 30 years old; May-Oct'22): (1) stopping smoking, (2) initiation of ever smoking and/or vaping, and (3) uptake of past 30-day smoking and/or vaping. Multinomial logistic regressions were used, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among young adults who smoked but did not vape at baseline (n = 687), the perception that vaping is less harmful than smoking (vs. equally/more harmful, or don't know) was associated with stopping smoking and now vaping at follow-up (adjusted Relative Risk Ratio (aRRR)=1.69, 95%CI = 1.02 to 2.81, p = .04). Initiation of ever smoking/vaping, or uptake of past 30-day smoking/vaping, were not common during the study period and there was little evidence that these outcomes were associated with relative vaping harm perceptions at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among young adults who smoke, perceiving vaping as less harmful than smoking was associated with switching from smoking to vaping six years later. Few young adults who did not smoke or vape initiated these behaviors during the study period.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This is the first study in England to find that young adults who smoked and who accurately perceived vaping as less harmful than smoking were more likely to switch to vaping 6 years later. This is consistent with prior studies among adults and highlights the need for interventions to improve the pervasive misperceptions about vaping that are currently observed among young adults who smoke.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Messaging and Perception in Reducing Youth Vaping.","authors":"Alina Yang","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between heated tobacco product use and quitting combustible cigarette smoking among Korean adults.","authors":"Seung Hee Kim, Jung Ah Lee, Hong-Jun Cho","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Combustible cigarette (CC) smokers often use heated tobacco products (HTPs) to quit CC smoking; however, the role of HTPs in quitting CC smoking is uncertain. We evaluated the link between HTP use and quitting CC smoking considering the intensity of HTP use among a large nationally representative sample of Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019 Community Health Survey in Korea. A total of 46,781 adult participants (current CC smokers and former CC smokers' < 5 years) were included and Poisson regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between HTP use and quitting CC smoking among ever CC smokers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In ever CC smokers, compared with never HTP use, current daily HTP use was positively associated with quitting CC smoking (< 1-year; prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.36-1.96, 1-5 years; PR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.36-1.60), whereas current non-daily HTP use showed an inverse association with quitting CC smoking (< 1-year; PR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.12-0.29, 1-5 years; PR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.17-0.31). Former HTP use was positively associated with short-term quitting CC smoking (PR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.18-1.63), but negatively related to quit CC smoking after 1 year (PR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74-0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Daily use of HTPs appeared to be related to the increase in quitting CC smoking, but discontinuation of HTP use was significantly associated with the recurrence of CC smoking among former HTP users of 1-5 years.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Among ever CC smokers, daily use of HTPs was positively associated with quitting CC smoking, but non-daily use of HTPs was inversely associated with quitting CC smoking. Former HTP use was linked to an increased likelihood of short-term quitting CC smoking but was significantly associated with CC smoking relapse after 1 year.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective effect of low-dose nicotine on ischemia stroke by maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.","authors":"Qianqian Pang, Xinyang Yan, Zheng Chen, Liang Yun, Jiang Qian, Zeyi Dong, Miao Wang, Wei Deng, Yao Fu, Tao Hai, Zhichao Chen, Xianfang Rong","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Increasing evidence has shown that low-dose nicotine could have preventive and therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke (IS). Nevertheless, direct evidence is still missing, especially key molecules and signal pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the sham group, the control group, and the nicotine-treated group. In the control group, mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). In the nicotine-treated group, mice were exposed to 12 μg/ml nicotine in their drinking water for 1 month prior to undergoing surgery. For in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model, hCMEC/D3 monolayers were prepared on Transwells and pre-treated with nicotine for 48 hours and then subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Moreover, RNA-seq was adopted to explore the potential targets and signaling pathways regarding the protective role of nicotine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MCAO/R resulted in significantly compromised BBB integrity and serious brain damage. Notably, pretreatment of mice with 12μg/ml nicotine for one month significantly reduced IS-induced BBB damage and its associated brain injury. In addition, the permeability of hCMEC/D3 monolayer endothelial cells was significantly reduced under OGD/R conditions, which could be ameliorated by nicotine pretreatment. The RNA-seq results showed that TGF-β and Wnt signaling pathways were associated with pathways associated with DEGs between OGD/R and OGD/R plus nicotine treatment. Finally, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathways could be antagonized by the α7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) inhibitor α-BTX.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate that nicotine treatment could alleviates the IS-compromised integrity of BBB by regulating the Wnt signal pathway through α7 nAChR.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The study demonstrates that nicotine at low concentrations exerts neuro-protective effects by supporting the integrity of BBB and subsequent endothelial viability after ischemic stroke. This finding suggests that targeting the BBB, especially endothelial cells, with nicotine treatment is a promising therapeutic strategy for brain injury after ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic tobacco smoking and emotional processing abilities: a systematic review.","authors":"Elisa Martini, Mado Gautier, Séverine Lannoy, Pierre Maurage","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains highly prevalent and is associated with widespread cognitive impairments, particularly in attentional functions. Conversely, the understanding of emotional deficits related to TUD remains limited, despite its potential impact on mood regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted the first systematic review on emotional processing in TUD, based on a well-established model of emotion distinguishing three processes (emotional identification, emotional response and emotional regulation), to which we added emotional attention as a fourth component. Capitalizing on a pre-registered approach and following PRISMA guidelines, we synthesized existing literature on emotional processing impairments in TUD, identifying 14 relevant studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicate large-scale impairments encompassing all emotional components in TUD, demonstrating that emotional processing constitutes a crucial dimension of TUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Emotional processing emerges as a key aspect of TUD but, in view of the currently limited quantity and quality of research in this area, we offer guidelines for more comprehensive and theory-grounded investigations, to advance theoretical knowledge and pave the way for efficient interventions.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This systematic review shows that tobacco use disorder (TUD) is associated, beyond the already documented cognitive deficits, with emotional impairments encompassing emotional identification, response, regulation and attention. Such widespread modifications of emotional processing might be involved in the emergence and persistence of TUD, and hence constitute new targets for researchers and clinical practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint effect of sleep patterns and secondhand smoke exposure with mortality among non-smoking adults.","authors":"Chen Chen, Hongyu Jin, Zhiping Jiang, Wang Wei, Wen-Yang Li","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Unhealthy sleep and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure are independent risk factors for death. Their joint association with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality (ACDM) deserves to be investigated in a nationally representative population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 15175 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (2005-2014) were analyzed. The study endpoints were all-cause and CVD mortality. Sleep patterns (healthy, intermediate, and poor) were classified based on self-reported questionnaires, including sleep duration, self-reported trouble sleeping and doctor-diagnosed sleep disorders. SHS exposure among nonsmokers was defined according to cotinine levels in serum. Multivariate Cox hazards regression models were conducted to assess the association between sleep patterns and SHS exposure, alone and in combination, with ACDM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 15 years of follow-up, 2016 all-cause deaths and 678 CVD deaths were recorded. In multivariable models, poor sleep was independently associated with higher risk of all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-1.51) and CVD mortality (HR= 1.31; 95% CI: 1.02-1.68). Exposure to SHS was associated with higher risk of all-cause (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50). In the joint analyses, participants with both unhealthy sleep patterns (intermediate and poor) and SHS exposure had a significantly higher risk of all-cause (HR, 1.48; 95% CI: 1.26-1.74) and CVD mortality (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.15-1.97) than those with neither risk factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The coexistence of SHS exposure and unhealthy sleep patterns was associated with an increased risk of death from all causes and CVD.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The findings of this study indicate that both poor sleep patterns and exposure to SHS are independently associated with a higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. Furthermore, the coexistence of SHS exposure and unhealthy sleep patterns further increases the risk of mortality from all causes and CVD. Since both sleep patterns and SHS exposure are modifiable factors, interventions aimed at reducing SHS exposure and improving sleep quality could have significant implications in reducing these adverse effects and lowering mortality risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}