Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Engagement With Stop Smoking Services After Referral or Signposting: A Mixed-Methods Study.","authors":"Ian Pope, Simrun Rashid, Hassan Iqbal, Pippa Belderson, Emma Ward, Lucy Clark, Tom Conway, Susan Stirling, Allan Clark, Sanjay Agrawal, Linda Bauld, Caitlin Notley","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae159","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Screening for smoking when people interact with healthcare services and referral of those who smoke to stop smoking services (SSSs) is a key component of efforts to tackle tobacco use. However, little is known about what happens after someone is referred or signposted to SSSs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department (NCT04854616), those randomized to intervention (n = 505) were referred to local SSSs (along with receiving brief advice and an e-cigarette starter kit) and those randomized to control (n = 502) were given contact details for the same services (signposted). SSS engagement data were collected: (1) directly from participants and (2) from SSS, additional qualitative data came from 33 participant interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Engagement with SSSs was very low. 3.2% (n = 16) of those in the intervention group and 2.4% (n = 12) in the control group reported attending a one-to-one support session. From SSS data, engagement was also low with 8.9% (n = 43) of those referred engaging and 3.1% (n = 15) going on to quit with SSS support. The majority of the 24 intervention participants interviewed did not recall being contacted by an SSS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Referral or signposting to SSSs within an Emergency Department-based trial resulted in very low levels of engagement. Barriers to engagement identified included participants not being contacted by SSSs and the support offered not meeting their needs.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Referral or signposting of those who smoke to SSSs from the Emergency Department resulted in low rates of engagement in this large multicenter randomized controlled trial. To better support those who smoke, it may be more effective for smoking cessation advice to be offered \"in the moment\" within clinical settings, and follow-up to be proactively offered rather than relying on people being motivated to contact the services themselves or engaging when contacted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"360-363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenwashed Cigarette Ad Text and Imagery Produce Inaccurate Harm, Addictiveness, and Nicotine Content Perceptions: Results From a Randomized Online Experiment.","authors":"Meghan Bridgid Moran, Maryam Ibrahim, Lauren Czaplicki, Jennifer Pearson, Johannes Thrul, Eric Lindblom, Shae Robinson-Mosley, Ryan David Kennedy, Ariel Balaban, Matthew Johnson","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae200","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The tobacco industry has a long history of circumventing regulations to present their products, inaccurately, as less harmful. Greenwashing (portraying a product as natural/eco-friendly) is increasingly used by tobacco companies and may mislead consumers to believe that certain cigarettes are less harmful than others. This study assesses the effect of some common greenwashing tactics on consumer product perceptions.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>We conducted an online experiment with 1504 participants ages 18-29, randomized to view a cigarette ad manipulated for presence-absence of a combination of four different greenwashing techniques: greenwashed ad text, greenwashed ad imagery, recycled paper ad background, and image of greenwashed cigarette pack. Participants rated perceived absolute harm, relative harm to other cigarettes, absolute addictiveness, relative addictiveness, and relative nicotine content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who viewed ads containing greenwashed text were more likely to have inaccurate perceptions about absolute harm (AOR = 1.72), relative harm (AOR = 3.92), relative addictiveness (AOR = 2.93), and nicotine content (AOR = 2.08). Participants who viewed ads containing greenwashed imagery were more likely to have inaccurate perceptions of relative harm (AOR = 1.55), absolute addictiveness (AOR = 1.72), relative addictiveness (AOR = 1.60), and nicotine content (AOR = 1.48). Forty-two percent of those who saw an ad with all greenwashed features believed the product was less harmful than other cigarettes versus 2% of those who saw an ad without greenwashed features.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that greenwashed text and imagery produced inaccurate risk perceptions. More active U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) enforcement against such greenwashing and new FDA rulemaking to prohibit unnecessary imagery in tobacco advertising and establish plain packaging requirements would help protect consumers and public health.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>These findings provide evidence that greenwashing tactics used by the tobacco industry increase inaccurate product risk perceptions. These tactics could be a way for the industry to make implicit modified risk claims, despite applicable U.S. Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act prohibitions. Findings from this study support the need for prohibitions on these tactics, and the potential for such prohibitions to help protect public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"271-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of Sexual and Gender Minority Youth on Anti-Vaping Messages in Social Media.","authors":"Ryan P Theis, Jenine Pilla, Kate Okker-Edging, Kathryn Pluta, Jennifer H LeLaurin, Elaine Hanby, Brittany A Zulkiewicz, Danielle Clark, Dima Bteddini, Stacy E Wright, Alexandra M Fahnlander, Sabra L Katz-Wise, David M Lydon-Staley, Wasim Maziak, Brittany M Charlton, N F N Scout, Ana M Machado, Bob Gordon, Julia M Applegate, Jennifer E Potter, Andrew A Strasser, Sixiao Liu, Ramzi G Salloum, Andy S L Tan","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae203","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth have higher rates of nicotine vaping than other youth in the United States. While social media can be effective in reaching youth and discouraging vaping, informed cultural tailoring is necessary to ensure effective messaging to SGM youth. This study aimed to understand SGM youth perspectives on anti-vaping social media messages and tailoring approaches.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>In-depth, qualitative videoconference interviews were conducted from February to July 2022 with 34 SGM youth recruited in the United States via social media ads. The interview guide addressed participants' beliefs about vaping, the context of vaping, perspectives on tailoring messages, and responses to examples of social media anti-vaping messages. Coding and thematic analysis followed a team-based approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SGM youth perspectives fell into four categories-representation and diversity, facts and evidence, empowering messages, and source credibility. Participants stressed the importance of accurate, genuine representation of SGM youth in messages, but also noted that more overt representation may be seen as tokenizing. Participants recommended partnering with known LGBTQ + influencers who can promote or share anti-vaping messages on social media platforms. They also recommended using culturally tailored language, including statistics specific to SGM youth, and invoking themes of empowerment to improve the relevance, reach, and effectiveness of anti-vaping campaigns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings can inform future efforts to develop anti-vaping messages for SGM youth with effective reach through social media. Nuanced perspectives on SGM representation in messages suggest a careful approach to tailoring. Concerns around inauthenticity may be minimized by ensuring SGM youth are included in message development and dissemination.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study describes the importance of being attentive to the tailoring preferences among the current generation of SGM youth. Findings will inform social media-based messaging strategies that discourage nicotine vaping tailored for SGM youth in health campaign material design and evaluation, ensuring that tailored messages are designed in ways that avoid unintended consequences. The study also describes methods for effectively engaging SGM youth in research to improve the relevance of health education materials for this population and increase reach, which in turn can lead to a reduction in vaping practices among SGM youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"291-299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Three Alternate Nicotine-Delivery Products on Combusted Cigarette Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Megan E Piper, Tanya R Schlam, Eric C Donny, Kate Kobinsky, Julia Matthews, Thomas M Piasecki, Douglas E Jorenby","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking cessation is a critical public health goal. This study examined the ability of e-cigarettes and very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs) to serve as cigarette substitutes and whether a substitution was supported by steady-state nicotine from a nicotine patch.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>This mixed design experiment with study product (between-subjects) and patch (within-subjects) factors recruited adults smoking cigarettes daily and not motivated to quit (N = 160). Participants were randomized to 4 weeks of: (1) VLNCs; (2) e-cigarettes; or (3) no product. During two switch weeks, one with an active nicotine patch and one with a placebo patch (in a double-blind and counterbalanced fashion), participants were told to not smoke their usual cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the switch weeks, participants in the VLNC (M = 2.88, SD = .65) and e-cigarette (M = 3.20, SD = .63) groups smoked fewer of their own cigarettes per day than did no product group participants who continued to smoke their own cigarettes (M = 5.48, SD = .63); the VLNC and e-cigarette groups did not differ. There was no main effect of patch on mean usual brand cigarettes smoked per day (P = .09), nor was there a product × patch interaction (P = .51). There was a product × age interaction (P = .03); smokers aged 60-74 smoked more of their own cigarettes if they were randomized to no product group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VLNCs and e-cigarettes appear to reduce usual brand cigarettes smoked per day to a similar degree, regardless of patch condition. Behavioral factors, in addition to nicotine dependence, play an important role in sustaining smoking behavior and need to be addressed in smoking cessation treatment.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study found that behavioral substitutes for cigarettes, whether or not they delivered nicotine, reduced the number of usual brand cigarettes smoked. Specifically, both e-cigarettes delivering nicotine and VLNCs equally reduce usual brand cigarettes smoked among adults who smoke daily and do not want to quit.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"317-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139723488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergence in Cigarette Discontinuation Rates by Use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): Longitudinal Findings From the United States PATH Study Waves 1-6.","authors":"Karin A Kasza, Zhiqun Tang, Young Sik Seo, Adam F Benson, MeLisa R Creamer, Kathryn C Edwards, Colm Everard, Joanne T Chang, Yu-Ching Cheng, Babita Das, Olusola Oniyide, Nicole A Tashakkori, Anna-Sophie Weidner, Haijun Xiao, Cassandra Stanton, Heather L Kimmel, Wilson Compton, Andrew Hyland","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We compare real-world trends in population-level cigarette discontinuation rates among adults (ages ≥21) who smoked cigarettes, by electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>U.S nationally representative data from adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study (2013/14-2021, Waves 1-6) who smoked cigarettes in the past 30 days (P30D) were analyzed (n = 13 640). The exposure was P30D ENDS use. The outcome was P30D cigarette discontinuation at biennial follow-up. Weighted trend analyses were conducted to test for differences in cigarette discontinuation trends by ENDS use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2013/14 and 2015/16, cigarette discontinuation rates were both 16% for those who used ENDS and for those who did not; between 2018/19 and 2021, rates were ~30% for those who used ENDS and ~20% for those who did not; the time by ENDS use interaction was significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between adults' ENDS use and cigarette discontinuation in the context of an expanded ENDS marketplace, new tobacco regulatory actions, and COVID-19 differs from the relationship in earlier years.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>It is important for public health decisions to be informed by research based on the contemporary ENDS marketplace and circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"236-243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Cue Reactivity Using a Remote Platform: Cigarette and ENDS Desire in Dual Users.","authors":"Krista Miloslavich, Emma I Brett, Daniel J Fridberg, Andrea C King","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prior research shows that in-person exposure to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use increases desire for cigarettes and ENDS. However, less is known about the impact of cues delivered during remote interactions. This study extends previous in-person cue work by leveraging a remote confederate-delivered cue-delivery paradigm to evaluate the impact of dual nicotine vaping (vs. sole smoking) on reactivity to an ENDS cue in individuals who smoke cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N=52 dual users (DU; current users of both combustible cigarettes and ENDS) and N=54 sole smokers (SS; users of combustible cigarettes only) observed a study confederate drinking bottled water (control cue) and then vaping an ENDS (active cue). Changes in desire for cigarettes and ENDS were compared between groups post-cue exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multilevel models, controlling for sex and cigarettes per day, revealed that the remote ENDS cue, but not water, significantly increased desire for both cigarettes and ENDS. Relative to SS, DU reported greater post-ENDS cue increases in ENDS desire but not cigarette desire.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A remote, confederate-delivered ENDS cue generalizes as a smoking and vaping cue, with DU showing greater reactivity than SS. This study provides the first evidence for the validity and feasibility of a remote, confederate-delivered ENDS cue reactivity paradigm.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study provides support for the use of a remote platform, an increasingly popular method of conducting research since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, to employ confederate-delivered ENDS cues. Frequent observations of vaping via remote platforms and social media may contribute to the maintenance of single and dual product use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Describing ZYN-related content on TikTok: content analysis.","authors":"Scott I Donaldson, Kathryn La Capria, Amanda DeJesus, Ollie Ganz, Cristine D Delnevo, Jon-Patrick Allem","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nicotine pouches are the fastest-growing oral smokeless tobacco or nicotine product category in the United States, and there are concerns about their potential appeal to youth. Few studies have surveilled discussions about nicotine pouches on TikTok, an audiovisual platform popular among youth. To address this gap, this study conducted a content analysis of TikTok posts related to the leading nicotine pouch brand, ZYN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publicly available posts (N=665) from 10 ZYN-related hashtags were collected from the TikTok Application Programming Interface between January 2023 and February 2024. The number of likes, comments, shares, and plays were collected for each post and the number of followers for each account profile was recorded. Posts were coded for themes like product marketing and use, health warnings, and demographics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most prevalent theme was humor (n=581, 87.4%), followed by product use (n=378, 56.8%), and branded merchandise (n=378, 56.8%). Young people (i.e., persons in the video who appeared younger than 30) were identified in 48.3% (n=321) of posts, and 61.5% (n=409) of posts featured people who appeared to be male. Cessation (n=12, 1.8%) was an uncommon theme. Most posts came from non-commercial accounts (n=420, 63.1%), followed by commercial accounts (n=158, 23.8%), and content creators/influencers (n=87, 13.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that ZYN-related posts on TikTok often featured pro-tobacco themes, such as humor and product use, while rarely mentioning anti-tobacco themes like cessation. Future research should examine the relationship between exposure to pro-tobacco content on TikTok and tobacco-related attitudes and behaviors.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study highlighted the potential role of TikTok in normalizing tobacco and nicotine product use, and in particular ZYN product use, including among youth. While increased enforcement of online tobacco control policies can help reduce exposure to ZYN-related content in youth, prevention programs and interventions that incorporate tobacco-related digital media literacy are needed to inoculate adolescents and young adults from the pro-tobacco content found online.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Mental Health Symptoms, Nicotine Product Use, and their Association Over Time Among Adolescents in Canada, England, and the US: Findings from the ITC Adolescents Tobacco and Vaping Survey, 2020-2023.","authors":"Emily E Hackworth, Desiree Vidaña-Pérez, Riley O'Neal, Minji Kim, Jennifer Fillo, David Hammond, James F Thrasher","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a well-established bi-directional relationship between cigarette smoking and internalizing mental health (IMH) symptoms (e.g., symptoms of depression, symptoms of anxiety). However, it is unclear whether IMH symptoms are associated with using different types or combinations of nicotine products (e.g., combustible, non-combustible, exclusive product use or multi-product use). The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of the relationship between adolescent IMH symptoms and use of a wide variety of nicotine products by examining the association between IMH symptoms and current nicotine use from 2020-2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data come from the 2020-2023 waves of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Adolescents Tobacco and Vaping Survey, an online repeat cross-sectional survey of adolescents aged 16-19 in Canada, England, and the US (n=80,427). Current nicotine use was examined in four categories: 1) no use, 2) exclusive non-combustible product use, 3) exclusive combustible product use, and 4) use of both product types. Respondents reported current symptoms of depression or anxiety, and we generated a dichotomous IMH symptoms variable (yes vs. no). We examined the association between IMH symptoms and current nicotine use using multinomial logistic regression models that adjusted for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IMH symptoms were most strongly associated with use of both product types (adjusted relative risk ratio [ARRR]: 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.80-2.03), followed by exclusive non-combustible use (ARRR: 1.70, 95% CI=1.61-1.80), and then exclusive combustible use (ARRR: 1.29, 95% CI=1.21-1.37).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents with IMH symptoms are more likely to use nicotine products in general than adolescents without IMH symptoms. Specifically, non-combustible product use may have a particularly strong relationship with poor mental health among adolescents. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand directionality.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study provides an up-to-date understanding of how mental health and nicotine use are related among adolescents, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. Results indicate that youth mental health may be related to nicotine use, particularly non-combustible use, which is largely driven by e-cigarette use. Efforts to reduce youth e-cigarette use may consider emphasizing its relationship with mental health. Efforts to promote e-cigarette use as a less harmful alternative to cigarette smoking should be aware of the association between vaping and youth mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurring Change in Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) and Cigarette Harm Perceptions and Use in Young Adults.","authors":"Justin D Caouette, Marina Epstein, Max A Halvorson, Sarah Danzo, Margaret R Kuklinski, Sabrina Oesterle","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may contribute to cigarette use and nicotine addiction by shifting perceptions and norms around tobacco, but little is known about whether or how ENDS use and norms are related to cigarette use and norms, particularly among young adults. This study tested two potential mechanisms by which END use may facilitate cigarette use: decreasing tobacco harm perceptions (desensitization) and increasing favorability of tobacco use (renormalization).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Analyses included data from 2187 young adults in a longitudinal panel who reported any ENDS or combustible cigarette use at ages 21, 23, or 26. The sample was 53.6% male, 19.3% Hispanic, and 68.0% white. Parallel process latent growth models were fitted to test how change in ENDS use and harm perceptions about ENDS use co-occurred with change in cigarette use and harm perceptions about cigarette use across a 6-year period from ages 21, 23, and 26 (years 2014-2019).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When ENDS harm perceptions decreased and ENDS use increased, cigarette harm perceptions decreased and favorability of cigarettes increased. Decreases in ENDS harm perception were differentially associated with likelihood of transition to cigarette use (an increase) and frequency of use when it occurred (a decrease).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changing tobacco harm perceptions and favorability are two processes by which ENDS use may underlie transitions to cigarette use. Tobacco prevention messaging should emphasize the potential harms of ENDS use that could occur through shifting tobacco perceptions, especially among young adults who are not already frequent cigarette smokers.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Increasing favorability of ENDS (and increased ENDS use) may generalize to combustible cigarettes. Continued use of ENDS can increase risk of cigarette use when this exposure desensitizes nonsmoking young adults from the dangers of smoking and renormalizes pro-tobacco attitudes. Findings suggest that prevention messaging around tobacco products should emphasize the potential harms of ENDS use (including the increased likelihood of cigarette use after initiating ENDS), especially among young adults who are not already frequent cigarette smokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of messages about reduced nicotine cigar products among people who use little cigar and cigarillo: Insights from a discrete choice experiment.","authors":"Charity A Ntansah, Lucy Popova, James W Hardin, Minji Kim, Kymberle L Sterling, Reed M Reynolds, Emily E Hackworth, David L Ashley, Katherine C Henderson, Bo Yang, James F Thrasher","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) pursuit of a low nicotine standard for cigarettes raises concerns that a focus on cigarettes may encourage people to use other combusted tobacco products, undermining the policy's effectiveness. The FDA is considering expanding the policy to include cigar products, which will require effective messages for people who use those products.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2022, a discrete choice experiment was conducted with African American males and females and white males and females. Participants (n=1,722), aged 18-44 years and who had smoked little cigar and cigarillos (LCC) in the past 30 days, evaluated seven message attributes about reduced nicotine content (RNC) LCCs (presence or absence of information on source, chemicals, harm, nicotine, addiction, quitting efficacy, and enjoyment) across 20 choice sets. Participants assessed two of three outcomes: affect towards the policy, perceived harm of RNC LCCs, and motivation to quit smoking LCCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Messages listing the FDA as the source were selected as eliciting more positive affect towards the policy, increasing perceived harm and motivation to quit smoking LCCs. Source was the most influential attribute for selecting messages in terms of positive affect towards the policy and motivation to quit. Chemicals and harm attributes had the most substantial effect on selecting messages as increasing perceived harm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Citing the FDA as a source may improve the perceived effectiveness of RNC communications for people who use LCCs. Misperceptions about presumed lower harms of RNC products can be corrected with information about their harm and chemical properties.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Our findings among people who use LCCs suggest that source information shown as the FDA logo can increase message effectiveness while also influencing risk perceptions and motivation to quit smoking LCCs. To address misperceptions about RNC LCC harms, educational messages should particularly consider incorporating information about chemicals and harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}