Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Mortality Fractions Attributable to Smoking and Smokeless and Mixed Tobacco Use among Men and Women across India, 1998-2021.","authors":"Rufi Shaikh, Tobias Vogt, Nandita Saikia, Mangesh S Pednekar, Prakash C Gupta, Fanny Janssen","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Evidence on the mortality burden of tobacco-use remains fragmented for low-middle-income countries like India, and does not fully use Indian-specific datasets. We estimated mortality fractions attributable to different tobacco types (smoked, smokeless, and mixed tobacco-use) for India by sex and state/union-territories over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied a direct prevalence approach to estimate mortality fractions attributable to tobacco types among men (35-54 years) and women (35-49 years) over time across 36 Indian states. We used national-and-state-level prevalence estimates from the National Family Health Survey (1998-1999, 2005-2006, 2015-2016, and 2019-2021), and estimated Indian-specific relative-risks (RR) of all-cause mortality by tobacco type and sex by applying Cox proportional hazard models to data from the Mumbai Cohort Study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RRs and sex differences therein differed by tobacco-use type. Smoking exhibited highest RR among men, while mixed tobacco-use among women. In 2019-2021, 45.7% and 2.5% of all deaths among Indian men and women, respectively was related to tobacco-use, driven by smoking-attributable mortality among men (28%), and smokeless tobacco-attributable mortality among women (2.1%). Tobacco-attributable mortality shares declined between 1998-1999 and 2019-2021, more strongly for women than men, with an increase up to 2005-2008 for the different tobacco types for men and for smoking for women. State differences in tobacco-attributable mortality shares varied by sex and tobacco types, with higher shares for smoking in the Northeast region, and for smokeless tobacco in East India.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Levels, sex and state differences, and time trends in mortality fractions attributable to tobacco-use in India differed substantially by tobacco type.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance of further strengthening tobacco control initiatives by shifting to a target-oriented approach comprised of different actions by tobacco use type, aimed particularly at men and at the Northeast Indian states, to enable India to achieve its Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of survey measures of uncontrolled vaping and vaping restraint.","authors":"Ebbie Kalan, Tara L Queen, Jennifer R Mendel Sheldon, Marissa G Hall, Paschal J Sheeran, Kurt M Ribisl, Noel T Brewer","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Some e-cigarette users experience uncontrolled vaping, using vapes more than preferred, but validated measures of this experience are lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate scales measuring uncontrolled vaping and vaping restraint among US adults and youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed new survey measures of uncontrolled vaping and restraint frequency based on qualitative research and refined them after cognitive interviews. In Study 1, we used data from a convenience sample of 950 US adult e-cigarette users to establish psychometrically sound scales. In Study 2, we used data from a nationally representative sample of 1138 US adolescents and adults to finalize the scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study 1 produced reliable scales for uncontrolled vaping perception (5 items), uncontrolled vaping consequences (4 items), and vaping restraint (4 items) (αs = .87-.93). Convergent and criterion validity were demonstrated by stronger associations of uncontrolled vaping with use behaviors (median r = .65 vs. .39) and somewhat weaker associations with measures of limiting use (median r = .44 vs. .51). Higher vaping restraint scores were associated with measures of limiting use (r = .46 to .59) and quit intentions (r = .23 to .48). Study 2 confirmed these results and further refined the scales to 3 items each.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly developed scales for uncontrolled vaping and vaping restraint demonstrated sound psychometric properties in both convenience and nationally representative samples. These measures can inform e-cigarette regulatory actions and guide the development of vaping management and cessation approaches.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study introduces reliable and valid scales to measure uncontrolled vaping perceptions, uncontrolled vaping consequences, and vaping restraint among e-cigarette users. These tools provide a nuanced understanding of vaping behaviors, distinguishing internal perceptions of overuse from external consequences such as feedback from others or interference with daily activities. By capturing these dimensions, the scales offer insights beyond traditional nicotine dependence measures, supporting research and interventions tailored to vaping-specific challenges. The findings highlight the importance of addressing uncontrolled vaping through regulatory and clinical efforts, informing strategies to reduce excessive vaping, and promoting self-regulation among e-cigarette users.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Dual Use\" of e-cigarettes alongside cigarettes encompasses varied behavior patterns and motives that have different implications for health and smoking cessation.","authors":"Sarah E Jackson","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action Research for Building Marketing Capacity to Empower Burley Tobacco Farmers in Thailand to Transition from Tobacco Cultivation to Alternative Crops or Livelihoods.","authors":"Chakkraphan Phetphum, Artittaya Wangwonsin, Orawan Keeratisiroj, Supanee Boonyom","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Burley tobacco farmers in Thailand face a declining quality of life, pushing them to seek alternative income sources. This action research investigated the effectiveness of marketing capacity-building training in empowering these farmers to transition toward alternative crops.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This action research employed the Kemmis and McTaggart model and was conducted over seven months (April-October 2023) in Thap Phueng Subdistrict, Sukhothai. Forty-two Burley tobacco farmers participated in planning, implementing, and evaluating a marketing capacity-building intervention through five structured workshops. These covered business model design, online product sales, product photography and video creation, packaging and delivery, and advertising and promotion. Quantitative data were collected via self-administered questionnaires to assess intention to quit tobacco cultivation and self-efficacy in marketing capacity, using a 0-10 numeric rating scale. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-intervention scores. Qualitative data were obtained from two focus group discussions with 12 purposively selected participants. Focus group sessions were conducted using a semi-structured interview protocol and facilitated by experienced qualitative researchers. Each session was audio-recorded with consent, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify perceived enablers and barriers related to marketing capacity development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention led to a statistically significant increase (p<.001) in participants' perceived self-efficacy for marketing capacity, rising from a mean score of 27.19 to 59.59. However, the intention to quit tobacco cultivation showed no statistically significant change (p=.243). Qualitative findings from focus group discussions revealed that farmers attributed the success of the intervention to hands-on training, peer engagement, and needs-based activities. Key challenges included limited digital literacy and poor access to technology-particularly among older participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential of marketing capacity development in enhancing farmers' self-efficacy, which may support a gradual transition from tobacco cultivation. However, challenges such as limited education and digital literacy-especially among older farmers-remain. Participant feedback points to the need for financial incentives and digital support. Collaborative policy efforts are essential to enable sustainable alternatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking in Substance Use Disorder Patients: Prevalence, Comorbidities, Impulsivity, and Patterns of Readiness to Change.","authors":"Sabrina K Syan, Kyla L Belisario, Liah Rahman, Emily E Levitt, Catherine McCarron, Heather Radman, Michael Amlung, Angela Praecht, Tony P George, James MacKillop","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco use is highly prevalent in individuals with other substance use disorders (SUDs) and is associated with greater smoking-related illnesses and premature death. To inform intervention strategies, the current study examined the prevalence and clinical features of smoking, including motivation for change, comorbid psychiatric symptoms, and self-regulatory indicators, in a large sample of treatment-seeking SUD patients.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>Participants were 1893 patients in three clinical programs who were assessed for tobacco use, other substance misuse, psychiatric symptoms, measures of self-regulation (ie, delay discounting, UPPS-P impulsive behavior scales, mindfulness), and readiness rulers (ie, readiness, importance, and confidence). Psychiatric and impulsivity indicators were further examined among patients in precontemplative, contemplative, and actively ready stages of change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 73.7% of patients reported combustible tobacco use, with almost half reporting that they were contemplating or actively ready to change. Patients who smoked reported significantly greater psychiatric symptoms, higher illicit substance use, more impulsive delay discounting, and personality traits (ie, positive and negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking), and lower mindfulness. Those who smoked and were actively ready to change their behavior were older, smoked fewer cigarettes per day, and exhibited significantly less impulsive delay discounting and lack of perseverance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of smoking is high in SUD treatment programs and is associated with greater psychiatric symptom severity, substance misuse, psychiatric severity, and impulsivity. Differing levels of readiness suggest three distinct intervention pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: How Do Chinese Smokers Respond to Cigarette Price? Evidence From a Nationwide Household Survey.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking Cessation Treatment Efficacy and Impact on Health Outcomes among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Adrienne L Johnson, Jaqueline C Avila, Leslie Christensen, Margaret C Fahey, Jeein Jang, Sarah Jarvis, Alana Rojewski, Dana Rubenstein, Bethea A Kleykamp","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Middle-aged and older adults (ages 45+) have historically been overlooked in tobacco research and policy despite a quit rate half that of younger adults and the greatest near-term harms of tobacco use. A scoping review was conducted on smoking cessation treatment efficacy and its impact on health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults who smoke. This review was reported in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five databases were searched for relevant studies: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria were: Randomized controlled trials or systematic reviews published since 2008 in English; middle-aged (45-64 years) or older adult (65+ years) populations who were smoking combustible cigarettes or e-cigarettes at enrollment in a tobacco cessation treatment trial; ≥3-months follow-up period. Outcomes included health effects of smoking cessation or smoking abstinence rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>44 articles met eligibility criteria (42 RCTs and 2 reviews). Six focused on health outcomes, 36 focused on cessation outcomes, and four studies examined both health outcomes and cessation success. Six-month cessation rates ranged from 13% to 52%. Most studies did not stratify by age, but those that did suggested older adults achieved cessation rates equal to or exceeding younger adults with combined intervention of counseling and cessation medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many of the studies did not explicitly focus on older adults, but instead focused on medical conditions more prevalent within aging populations. Future research on older adults should clarify age definitions and report stratified analyses by age.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>A scoping review of RCT studies on the effectiveness and health outcomes of smoking cessation interventions in middle-aged (45-64 years) and older adults (65+ years) yielded a total of 44 relevant articles. Results showed that middle-aged and older adult smokers are just as, if not more successful at quitting smoking than their younger counterparts using a combined intervention of counseling and cessation medications. Many of the studies did not explicitly focus on older adults, but instead focused on medical conditions more prevalent within aging populations. Future research on older adults should clarify age definitions and report stratified analyses by age.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preloading with nicotine replacement therapy in people with HIV who smoke: a pilot randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Patricia A Cioe, Garrett S Stang, Danish Azam, Megan E Piper, Christopher W Kahler","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking cessation rates in people with HIV (PWH) are lower than in the general population, even when evidence-based treatments are used. This 16-week study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of preloading with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in PWH to improve cessation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-nine participants were randomized to nicotine patch preloading for 3 weeks (NRT-P) prior to the target quit date (TQD) or standard treatment with no preloading (ST). All participants received combination NRT for 8 weeks at TQD, with five sessions of behavioral counseling. At week 16, biochemically verified 7-day point-prevalence abstinence (PPA) was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean preloading patch days was 19.7 (out of 21 days; SD 2.7), indicating excellent acceptability. Mean patch days post-TQD (out of 56 days) was 47.4 (SD = 13.2) in NRT-P and 32.7 (SD = 21.8) in ST (t = -2.48, p=.01). At week 16 there was no group difference in week 16 PPA, but NRT-P participants smoked significantly fewer cigarettes per week (10.1 [SD 14.7] vs. 47.2 [SD 67.6]) and had lower CO levels (5.22 [SD 3.6] vs. 10.89 [SD 11.3], p=.04) compared to ST participants. Cessation self-efficacy increased significantly over time in the NRT-P condition only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NRT preloading is feasible and acceptable among PWH, with excellent adherence to preloading, and benefits observed relative to ST following TQD in patch adherence, self-efficacy, cigarettes smoked per day, and CO levels. The lack of effect of preloading on smoking abstinence suggests further study is needed.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Preloading with nicotine patch among people with HIV (PWH) who smoke prior to the target quit date may be an effective means of improving adherence to smoking cessation medications both pre- and post-quit. By increasing self-efficacy for quitting and lowering cigarette dependence, preloading may improve cessation rates and help reduce the burden of tobacco-related disease among PWH. Further research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144234625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco Product Regulation: Opportunities for Advancing Health Equity in Rural America.","authors":"Dana Carroll, F Joseph McClernon, Suzanne Frisbee, Lorna Bittencourt, Dana Rubenstein, Jovan Gwon, Courtney Swinkels, Devon Noonan","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the impact of smoking on mortality in Argentina from 2000 to 2100. A Maximum Potential Reduction in Premature Mortality analysis.","authors":"M Victoria Salgado, Pianpian Cao, Jihyoun Jeon, Luz M Sanchez-Romero, Theodore R Holford, David T Levy, Jamie Tam, Raul Mejia, Rafael Meza","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Argentina, 23% of adults smoke; the future burden of smoking on mortality in the country is unknown. We estimate future smoking-attributable mortality if current smoking trends continue and compare this with an ideal scenario in which all smoking ceases in 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a discrete deterministic compartmental simulation model of cigarette smoking by birth cohort in Argentina. The model was validated against observed sex-specific adult smoking prevalence. We then simulated smoking prevalence, smoking-attributable deaths (SADs), and life-years lost (LYL) from 2000 to 2100 under a Status Quo scenario, where future smoking prevalence follows current trends. Additionally, we modeled an ideal scenario where all smoking ceases starting in 2024. We calculated the Maximum Potential Reduction in Premature Mortality (MPRPM) as the LYL difference between the two scenarios from 2024 to 2100.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model adequately reproduces observed smoking prevalence in Argentina. Approximately 55,700 SADs are estimated to occur in 2024. Under the Status Quo, over 4 million deaths due to smoking and around 79 million LYL would occur from 2000 to 2100. If all smoking had ceased in 2024, 49 million LYL due to smoking would still occur, resulting in an MPRPM of 30 million years, about 38% of the expected burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Argentina faces a significant smoking-attributable mortality burden this century, with a substantial portion already unavoidable due to past smoking. Further tobacco control interventions, however, could still considerably reduce premature deaths and years of life lost. Prompt action is needed to realize these potential health gains.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This modeling study provides an estimation of the future burden of smoking-attributable mortality in Argentina and highlights the maximum potential health benefits if all smoking would cease by 2024. While a portion of smoking-related mortality is unavoidable due to past smoking, the results show that further tobacco control interventions could still prevent a substantial number of premature deaths and life-years lost. These findings underscore the need for continued public health efforts to reduce smoking rates and mitigate its long-term effects on population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}