Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Associations between recreational cannabis legalization and disparities in prenatal tobacco and cannabis use.","authors":"Summer Sherburne Hawkins, Rebekah Levine Coley, Christopher F Baum","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag138","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although prenatal cannabis use is rising, whether recreational cannabis legalization (RCL) is driving changes in use of both cannabis and tobacco use remains unknown. We evaluated the associations between legalization and tobacco and cannabis use during pregnancy overall and across demographic and higher-risk strata.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We linked data on 95 569 women from 21 states and DC who participated in the 2016-2021 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, which collected self-reported tobacco and cannabis use during pregnancy, with state RCL and retail sales availability. Using difference-in-differences multinomial logit regression models, we examined the associations between RCL and tobacco and cannabis use overall and by demographic (race and ethnicity, education, age) and higher-risk (pre-pregnancy depression, pre-pregnancy alcohol use) strata, with demographic and policy controls and state and year fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While prenatal tobacco-only use declined from 8.5% to 5.4% from 2016 to 2021, tobacco and cannabis use remained relatively stable at 2.4% and cannabis-only use at 3.4%. RCL was associated with increases in cannabis-only use (aRRR 1.45; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.99) and tobacco and cannabis use (aRRR 1.42; 95% CI: 0.96, 2.10). The start of retail sales was also associated with increases in cannabis-only use (aRRR 1.91; 95% CI: 1.41, 2.60) and tobacco and cannabis use (aRRR 1.48; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.14). There was some evidence of increases in cannabis-only use post-legalization and post-retail sales among White women and those who reported light and moderate/heavy alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RCL and the introduction of retail sales were associated with increases in cannabis-only use and tobacco and cannabis use during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>We evaluated the associations between RCL and tobacco and cannabis use during pregnancy and found that cannabis-only use and use of both substances increased post-legalization and post-retail sales availability. These findings highlight the importance of screening for both tobacco and cannabis use in clinical settings and through population-level surveillance. Continued monitoring of cannabis legalization's public health impacts is critical to guide targeted outreach and prevention strategies to address substance use during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1713-1721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148278284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal substance exposure and early childhood adversity: implications for child autonomic functioning at early school-age.","authors":"Madison R Kelm, Olivia Bell, Pamela Schuetze, Rachel C Marcus, Kristin J Perry, Rina D Eiden","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag088","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We examined associations between prenatal tobacco exposure (controlling for other substance exposures) and autonomic functioning at early school-age via infancy autonomic regulation, harsh parenting, and early childhood adversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>216 mothers (74% Black/African-American) and infants (51% girls) recruited at delivery were assessed repeatedly. Prenatal substance exposure was measured using multiple biomarkers and calendar-based interviews. Harsh parenting and early childhood adversity were assessed from birth to early school-age. Child autonomic nervous system functioning was indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance level (SCL) at early school-age (both at rest and reactivity to frustration).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prenatal tobacco and cannabis exposure accounted for unique variance in higher baseline SCL and RSA, respectively. Prenatal tobacco exposure was also indirectly associated with lower baseline SCL and blunted SCL reactivity via increased early childhood adversity. There was stability in baseline RSA from infancy to early school-age with prenatal cocaine exposure and prenatal cannabis exposure associated with lower baseline RSA in infancy. Prenatal cocaine exposure was also associated with higher baseline SCL and higher SCL reactivity via more harsh parenting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight unique direct and indirect effects of prenatal tobacco exposure on child autonomic nervous system functioning at early school-age, controlling for exposure to other substances, and co-occurring risks. Results underscore the importance of smoking cessation interventions in pregnancy that address prenatal polysubstance use.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The present study adds to the sparse literature on effects of prenatal tobacco exposure on autonomic nervous system functioning controlling for other substance exposure and co-occurring postnatal risks in a prospective design. Findings highlight the importance of smoking cessation treatments for pregnant individuals who use other substances in addition to tobacco. Furthermore, universal parenting interventions may promote positive outcomes even in the context of substance use. Efforts to address parents' mental health and provide parental support in the context of substance use may be of great benefit to families.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1693-1703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13276800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying and Integrating Behavior Change Techniques Into an Indigenous-Led Group-Based Smoking and Vaping Cessation Program for Women During Pregnancy and the Perinatal Period: Upholding Indigenous Knowledges and Rights in Research.","authors":"Sian Maidment, Tanika Lee Ridgeway, Kade Booth, Felicity Collis, Jamie Bryant, Joley Foster, Zabowie Mills, Michelle Kennedy","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf217","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is an urgent need for community-led and embedded smoking and vaping cessation programs developed for and by Indigenous people to address the disproportionate tobacco-related harms stemming from colonization. This article describes the development of an Indigenous-led program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women during pregnancy and the perinatal period, drawing on Indigenous knowledges to prioritize and integrate behavior change techniques (BCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic process involving four steps was implemented to uphold Indigenous knowledges, rights and self-determination in program co-creation. First, we identified and prioritized BCTs that are important and meaningful to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and identified effective BCTs from existing published literature. These steps informed a collective program development process of iterative development, reflection, and feedback to weave BCTs in the final program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BCT domains prioritized by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people included natural consequences, antecedents, goals and planning, social support and comparison of outcomes. Twenty-four BCTs across fifteen domains were identified from the peer-reviewed literature. The final program incorporates fifteen behavior change domains and 60 unique individual BCTs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Which Way? Women's Group-based Smoking and Vaping Cessation Program was co-created with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and community partners, drawing on the knowledges and wisdom of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and BCTs. The effectiveness of the program will be tested in a hybrid-Type 1 implementation trial.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This article reports a novel co-creation process led by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in partnership with community to develop a smoking and vaping cessation program for women during the pregnancy and perinatal period. In detailing the development process used, this work upholds Indigenous rights to self-determination as outlined in the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Our transparent reporting upholds Indigenous ethics and provides valuable insights to inform the development of other interventions aimed at supporting Indigenous women and communities in empowering smoke and vape-free generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1756-1763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145378045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian Women's Perspectives on Preventing Postpartum Relapse or Quitting Smoking or Vaping in the Postpartum Year.","authors":"Larisa Ariadne Justine Barnes, Jo Longman, Vicki-Lee Gersh, Simone Druitt, Billie Bonevski, Christine Paul, Cathy Adams, Megan Passey","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf224","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf224","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;High postpartum smoking relapse rates indicate opportunities to address nicotine dependence. Data on postpartum vaping are scarce. This study explored postpartum women's perspectives on support for quitting or preventing relapse to smoking and vaping.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Postpartum women who smoked or quit during pregnancy completed brief telephone interviews at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months postpartum (May 2023-December 2024). Interviews included the question: In the ideal world, what support would you need to help you stop smoking or vaping or stay quit? Inductive content analysis was conducted. Responses were examined by timepoint and by four smoking/vaping status groups (quit nicotine products during pregnancy [QPreg]; quit postpartum [QPP]; never quit [NQ]; relapsed postpartum [R]) was explored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 832 invited, 770 (93%) consented, 566 (74%) completed at least one interview. The proportion in each group was consistent across timepoints: QPreg (21%-23%; n = 53-111), QPP (9%-11%; n = 25-47), NQ (56%-57%; n = 140-284), and R (10%-14%; n = 34-57). Also consistent across time were smoking prevalence (59%-61%), vaping prevalence (7%-8%), and dual use with combustible tobacco (7%-9%). Six main categories: I don't know/nothing; Health professional support; Physical health; Mental-emotional health; Social-environmental health; Public health, and 22 generic categories were interpreted. Coding patterns were generally consistent across timepoints, with some subgroup differences: R participants more often referenced Regulation and policy (Public health); NQ and R groups' responses cited Stress; QPreg and QPP groups highlighted Babies and children as motivators; NQ participants more often mentioned NRT [nicotine replacement therapy]/medication and Nothing. Low vaping prevalence and lack of distinction in responses limited conclusions about vaping-specific support.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study highlights the diverse and evolving support preferences of postpartum women across smoking and vaping trajectories. Women identified interventions addressing stress, mental health, and regulatory environments and supporting parenting motivations as being helpful. Findings underscore the importance of nuanced, subgroup-specific strategies to sustain nicotine cessation postpartum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implications: &lt;/strong&gt;This study adds to our (presently limited) understanding of what postpartum Australian women think could support them to stop smoking/vaping or stay quit. Women commonly said they did not know. This uncertainty itself highlights the need for more proactive, tailored approaches in both policy and practice to help women identify and access effective support. Those who did offer ideas identified social-environmental support from family/friends/partners, as well as support from health professionals, as important. Women who had relapsed postpartum acknowledged the role of r","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1744-1755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145445617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experience and Perceptions of Perinatal Smoke Exposure Among Ultra-Orthodox Women in Israel.","authors":"Hila Videl, Ilana Azulay Chertok","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf261","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Secondhand smoke exposure remains a public health concern, particularly for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women. In the ultra-Orthodox community in Israel, cultural norms and religious practices shape health behaviors, including cigarette smoking and exposure. This study explores the perceptions of perinatal secondhand smoke exposure among ultra-Orthodox women in Israel and the influence of cultural and religious factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted with 17 ultra-Orthodox pregnant and postpartum women exposed to smoking at home. Using a semi-structured interview guide, interviews were conducted by a culturally aligned nurse researcher.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two primary themes emerged from the narratives: \"He smokes but not at such amounts that it bothers me\" and smoking is \"antithetical to religion\". Sixteen women had rules against cigarette smoking at home, although most permitted e-cigarettes in the house, perceiving them as \"not as bad\". Some of the women identified the risks of secondhand smoke exposure, although none were assessed for or received information about secondhand smoke from health care providers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Secondhand smoke exposure among ultra-Orthodox pregnant and postpartum women is influenced by socio-cultural and religious factors. Women understood that smoking was unhealthful and often tried to minimize their secondhand smoke exposure although some of the women accepted their husbands' smoking behavior as a norm in their community context. The women perceived smoking as contrary to religious values, despite its prevalence in the community. Health care providers must consider these factors, emphasizing culturally sensitive education and engagement with community leaders when developing and implementing interventions.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Health care providers should assess ultra-Orthodox pregnant and postpartum women about smoke exposure at home. It is critical to educate the women about the risks of secondhand smoke from combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes, explaining that exposure occurs even in the absence of odor. To reduce exposure, advise families to implement rules against smoking in the home and in the proximity of pregnant women and children. Considering religious and cultural needs, coordinate discussions with rabbinic authorities and health care providers in their communities to develop culturally respectful recommendations and programs for mitigating secondhand smoke exposure, educating about the risks of smoke exposure framed in a religious context.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1659-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare professionals' experiences of supporting pregnant women with mental illness with their smoking behaviors: a qualitative study.","authors":"Ellie Jones, Amelia Casey, Christine MacArthur, Tim Coleman, Jelena Jankovic, Beck Taylor","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pregnant women who use specialist perinatal mental health services are more likely to be smokers at the time of giving birth than those without mental illness. This study explored health professionals' experiences of providing smoking cessation support to pregnant women with complex and severe mental illness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Online video semi-structured interviews were conducted in England, October 2023-2024, with 20 National Health Service healthcare professionals whose role included discussing smoking cessation with pregnant women with mental illness. Using job descriptions, participants were categorized \"signposters\" (n = 11) or \"stop smoking practitioners\" (n = 9). Interview topic guides and data analysis were guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reported barriers to effective provision of smoking cessation support included prioritizing mental health over smoking cessation and being cautious about communicating harms of smoking in case it caused women's mental health to deteriorate. Health professionals also lacked confidence that pregnant women with mental illness could quit. Lacking knowledge about the relationship between mental health and smoking was a barrier, specifically for many \"signposters.\" Facilitators included having capacity for health professionals to be responsive to women's needs, offering flexibility, and effective integration of smoking cessation services within maternity and mental health care settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Barriers to effective smoking cessation support included prioritizing mental illness over smoking cessation advice and a pessimistic view that pregnant women with mental illness would struggle to quit smoking. Facilitators included full integration of services and adapting to women's needs by offering flexible timing and delivery of smoking cessation support.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study shows multiple areas which may be impacting on the effectiveness of smoking cessation support available to pregnant women with mental illness. Future research could address some of the barriers identified in the study including prioritizing mental health over smoking cessation, addressing health professionals' beliefs that pregnant women with mental illness are unlikely to quit smoking, training on communicating harms of smoking and improving knowledge on effect of smoking on mental health. Future research could also focus on sharing good practice including appointment flexibility and full integration of smoking cessation services within maternity and perinatal mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1666-1673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth outcomes following intrauterine exposure to electronic nicotine delivery systems: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Samantha Johnstone, Ashley Schenkel, Samantha Canazzi, Rina D Eiden, Larry W Hawk","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag118","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) being used for smoking cessation during pregnancy, the relative consequences are still unclear. Here, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed birth outcomes associated with ENDS use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. OVID (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO) and PubMed databases were searched from inception until August 2025, for studies comparing outcomes from in utero exclusive ENDS exposure to non-exposed, exclusive nicotine replacement therapy-exposed, or exclusive combustible cigarette (CC)-exposed neonates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included k = 22 studies with k = 10 independent samples. In ENDS-exposed vs non-exposed births, there were significantly greater odds of preterm birth (k = 3; moderate confidence) but not small for gestational age (SGA; k = 3; low confidence); these findings were less robust to sensitivity analysis. Additionally, there was no significant difference in SGA (k = 3; moderate confidence) or preterm birth (k = 3; high confidence) between CC-exposed and ENDS-exposed neonates; these findings were robust to sensitivity analysis. Analysis of continuous outcomes found lower birthweight in ENDS- vs non-exposed neonates (k = 4; moderate confidence) and lower birthweight in CC- vs ENDS-exposed neonates (k = 4; low confidence), and no difference in gestational age in either comparison (low confidence). Narrative synthesis suggests quitting ENDS was associated with better birth outcomes, and associations between ENDS and delayed development of infant motor maturity and reflexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ENDS exposure may confer comparable risk as cigarette smoking to preterm birth. Further research is needed given low to moderate confidence in findings and risk of bias conferred by limited classification of exclusive ENDS use.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>With respect to adverse birth outcomes, ENDS may constitute a risk compared to no-nicotine exposure, suggesting the importance of investigating vaping cessation interventions, as well as greater research into alternative smoking cessation interventions for people who are pregnant or want to become pregnant.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1635-1649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148005944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between Concern and Uncertainty: How Health-Care Professionals Approach Smoking and Vaping in Pregnancy.","authors":"Annette Binder, Sören Kuitunen-Paul, Matthias Burke, Julia Wollscheid, Theresa Kimmel, Kay Petersen, Anil Batra","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco and nicotine use in pregnancy poses risks to maternal and fetal health, from both traditional cigarettes (TCs) and e-cigarettes (ECs). This study examines the extent to which health-care professionals in pregnancy care address TC and EC use, provide counseling, and how factors such as risk perception and professional training influence these practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory cross-sectional online survey among gynecologists, midwives, and social workers (N = 347) evaluated differences in risk perception, assessment, and counseling on TC smoking and EC use in pregnancy. Analyses included Pearson correlations, and Wilcoxon tests corrected for multiple testing, as well as a Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) with pairwise comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TC use was considered significantly more risky compared to EC, with larger differences regarding maternal health (η2 = 0.196) compared to fetal health (η2 = 0.137). Nevertheless, EC use was significantly less frequently assessed (η2 = 0.368) and counseled for (η2 = 0.386) compared to TC smoking. More extensive knowledge on TC and EC was associated with higher risk perceptions, more frequent assessment, and more frequent counseling (ρ = 0.19-0.40). Assessment and counseling for TC were less frequent with higher self-rated training need on TC (ρ = -0.25 to -0.30). Social workers reported less assessment and counseling, respectively, as well as less knowledge both for TC and EC (p < .00001) compared to other professions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings reveal TC is perceived as slightly more harmful than EC but addressed notably less often. Greater knowledge was linked to higher risk perception and more frequent assessment and counseling.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Given the central role of knowledge and training for clinically relevant outcomes, targeted training programs seem appropriate to increase assessment and counseling frequency. They may need to be tailored to specific professional groups and should enhance health-care professionals' confidence in addressing both TC and EC equally. Improved translation of clinical guidelines into practice, combined with evidence-based education can support consistent risk communication and cessation counseling, ensuring equitable care during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1682-1692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preconception Cohort Study of Nicotine Vaping and Incidence of Spontaneous Abortion.","authors":"Austen D Le, Chiyuan Amy Zhang, Abby L Chen, Satvir Basran, Nicolas Seranio, Michael Scott, Shufeng Li, Elizabeth E Hatch, Kenneth J Rothman, Amelia K Wesselink, Alyssa F Harlow, Lauren A Wise, Michael L Eisenberg","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We evaluated the association of preconception nicotine vaping among female and male partners with spontaneous abortion (SAB) incidence, and the extent to which associations vary by cigarette smoking.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>In a prospective cohort study, 6136 participants assigned female-at-birth and 1688 of their partners assigned male-at-birth reported preconception nicotine vaping and cigarette smoking via online questionnaire. Female partners reported incident pregnancies and outcomes (eg, SAB) on follow-up questionnaires completed every 8 weeks and in early and late pregnancy. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between vaping and SAB incidence, overall and by smoking history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 30 and 32 for females and males, respectively. Among females, 13% reported ever-vaping and 14% reported ever-smoking, while 19% of males reported ever-vaping and 24% reported ever-smoking. Relative to female never-vapers, aHRs were 1.03 for former vaping (95% CI = 0.86% to 1.24%) and 0.91 for current vaping (95% CI = 0.61% to 1.36%). Former and current vaping were also not appreciably associated with SAB rate among ever-smokers. In the couple-based cohort, relative to male never-vapers, aHRs were 1.00 for male former vapers (95% CI = 0.74% to 1.35%) and 0.67 for male current vapers (95% CI = 0.35% to 1.25%). Additional analysis of female participants after stratifying by finer categories of smoking status did not identify any meaningful association with SAB incidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study found that vaping in either partner during the preconception period was not associated with SAB incidence. Cigarette smoking also did not modify this association.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The rising prevalence of vaping invokes greater scrutiny on its possible adverse reproductive effects. Studies have linked vaping to adverse birth events, and clear guidance is made to avoid vaping in pregnant people. However, guidance about vaping during preconception is less clear despite research showing how preconception behaviors are linked to adverse pregnancies and birth outcomes. Our cohort study finds little association between preconception vaping and SAB. In the context of established risks of vaping on fetal outcomes, this study highlights the need for additional evidence-based information about preconception vaping to help couples make lifestyle decisions for optimal reproductive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1674-1681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diminished Positive Affect as an Understudied Feature of Nicotine Withdrawal: Development and Validation of a Short Withdrawal Symptom Scale (SWiSS).","authors":"Yanyan Sheng, Yantao Zuo, Norka E Rabinovich, David G Gilbert","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Given the burgeoning evidence that low positive affect (PA) and anhedonia are important smoking withdrawal symptoms, we added the PA/Friendly items of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) alongside established withdrawal items from the Shiffman-Jarvik Withdrawal Questionnaire (SJWQ) to identify the best subsets of items for predicting smoking relapse. The Short Withdrawal Symptom Scale (SWiSS) was generated from these selected items.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data analysis was conducted with four randomized clinical trials of cessation-seeking smokers (N = 333) who maintained abstinence for 31-67 days. SWiSS items were selected from the POMS and the SJWQ using a procedure encompassing longitudinal trajectory preservation, multilevel factor analysis, psychometric evaluation, and predictive validation. Logistic and survival models were used to predict smoking outcomes from growth parameters of withdrawal symptoms across days 3-31 post-quit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The original 91-item pool was reduced to 28 items, forming five within-person factors: positive affect/friendliness, negative affect, fatigue/arousal, depression, and craving, plus one appetite item. These SWiSS factors demonstrated strong reliability and clean factor structure. Predictive validation results matched or exceeded original scales. Higher early post-quit PA/friendliness was protective, whereas early craving and fatigue predicted greater relapse risk. Notably, PA was the only domain for which both early level and rate of recovery independently predicted cessation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SWiSS is a relatively brief, psychometrically robust measure that preserves relapse-predicting information about withdrawal dynamics. Its development highlights low PA as a significant and understudied predictor of relapse risk, and supports the inclusion of PA items in smoking withdrawal measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149025610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}