HIV感染者和非HIV感染者吸烟认知和戒烟率的差异。

IF 3 2区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Sera Levy, Robert A Schnoll, E Paul Wileyto, Morgan Thompson, Manaal Azad, David Metzger, Frank Leone, Rebecca L Ashare
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导读:HIV感染者(PWH)的高吸烟率持续存在,这可能是由于HIV相关的神经认知障碍加剧了戒断诱导的认知缺陷,导致更高的复发风险。本研究评估了PWOH患者和非PWOH患者在戒烟率和戒烟引起的认知缺陷方面的差异。方法:在这项前瞻性观察设计(NCT03169101)中,寻求治疗的成年人在戒烟前阶段完成了两次实验室测试,以评估认知能力:一次是在戒烟24小时后,另一次是照常吸烟。认知通过反应抑制、工作记忆和言语记忆任务来测量。所有人都接受了超过8周的标准戒烟治疗(即咨询,尼古丁贴片)。治疗结束时评估点流行性戒断。结果:我们的样本包括210名参与者(38.1% PWH;61.9% PWOH),主要为男性(59.5%)和黑人/非裔美国人(76.7%)。没有明显的艾滋病毒状态与戒断条件的相互作用出现在任何认知结果中(所有ps bb0.4)。在反应抑制(p= .02)、工作记忆反应时间(p= .005)和言语记忆(p=结论:尽管先前的研究表明PWH和吸烟的PWOH在戒断率和认知方面存在差异,但假设不受支持。然而,这是少数几个在严格设计的机械戒烟研究中直接比较艾滋病毒感染者和非艾滋病毒感染者的研究之一。鉴于认知似乎在PWH吸烟中并不起主要作用,需要更多的工作来了解PWH中不成比例吸烟率的驱动机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Differences in Cognition and Smoking Abstinence Rates Among People With and Without HIV Who Smoke.

Introduction: High rates of smoking among people with HIV (PWH) persist and may be due to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders exacerbating abstinence-induced cognitive deficits, leading to higher risk of relapse. This study assessed differences in smoking abstinence rates and abstinence-induced cognitive deficits among PWH and people without (PWOH).

Methods: In this prospective observational design (NCT03169101), treatment-seeking adults completed two laboratory sessions during a pre-quit phase to assess cognition: once following 24h abstinence and once smoking-as-usual. Cognition was measured through response inhibition, working memory, and verbal memory tasks. All received standard smoking cessation treatment over 8 weeks (i.e., counseling, nicotine patch). Point-prevalence abstinence was assessed at end-of-treatment.

Results: Our sample included 210 participants (38.1% PWH; 61.9% PWOH), who were mostly male (59.5%) and Black/African-American (76.7%). No significant HIV status by abstinence condition interactions emerged for any cognitive outcome (all ps > .4). There were significant abstinence-induced deficits in response inhibition (p = .02), working memory response time (p = .005), and verbal memory (p=<.001). No significant differences emerged in abstinence rates between PWH and PWOH (31.2%, 32.3%, respectively; OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.67, 2.39, p = .48).

Conclusion: Despite prior research suggesting differences in abstinence rates and cognition between PWH and PWOH who smoke, hypotheses were not supported. However, this is one of a few studies to directly compare people with and without HIV in a rigorously designed mechanistic smoking cessation study. Given that cognition does not appear to play a primary role in smoking among PWH, more work is needed to understand the mechanisms driving disproportionate smoking rates among PWH.

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来源期刊
Nicotine & Tobacco Research
Nicotine & Tobacco Research 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
10.60%
发文量
268
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nicotine & Tobacco Research is one of the world''s few peer-reviewed journals devoted exclusively to the study of nicotine and tobacco. It aims to provide a forum for empirical findings, critical reviews, and conceptual papers on the many aspects of nicotine and tobacco, including research from the biobehavioral, neurobiological, molecular biologic, epidemiological, prevention, and treatment arenas. Along with manuscripts from each of the areas mentioned above, the editors encourage submissions that are integrative in nature and that cross traditional disciplinary boundaries. The journal is sponsored by the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (SRNT). It publishes twelve times a year.
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