Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Sex in the Effects of Smoking and Nicotine in Cardiovascular Function, Atherosclerosis, and Inflammation.","authors":"Ann Marie Centner, Abigail E Cullen, Leila Khalili, Vladimir Ukhanov, Stephanie Hill, Riley Deitado, Hyun Seok Hwang, Tooyib Azeez, Justin D La Favor, Orlando Laitano, Michelle S Parvatiyar, Stephen P Chelko, Gloria Salazar","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cigarette smoke (CS) invokes an inflammatory response associated with vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. The role of sex and nicotine in CS effects on cardiovascular function and atherosclerosis is unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male and female C57Bl/6 WT (wild type) and ApoE-/- mice were exposed to CS and nicotine with access to chow and water ad libitum for 16 weeks to fill this gap. Heart rate and endothelial function were measured in the aorta of WT mice, while the lipid profile, cytokines, chemokines, and plaque area and composition were assessed in ApoE-/- mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CS increased heart rate similarly in both sexes and induced a more substantial impairment in endothelial function in males and more plaque in females than nicotine. Necrotic core areas were similar for both treatments in both sexes, while females had higher collagen deposition across treatments. Both treatments elevated senescence-associated GLB1/-galactosidase (SA-GLB1) and interleukin 17A (IL17A) similarly in both sexes. CS upregulated cholesterol in both sexes, triglycerides, VLDL, HDL, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-5 (CXCL5/LIX) only in males, and LDL and IL1A only in females. Additionally, nicotine metabolism showed sex-specific responses to nicotine but not smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest sex influences cardiovascular function and atherosclerosis following exposure to nicotine and CS.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The purpose of this study was to fill the existing literature gap through assessment of the differential sex effects of CS and nicotine on vascular function and atherosclerosis to identify sex-specific risk factors. We show sex-specific differences in endothelial function, plaque, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) regulators with exposure to CS and nicotine, which underscore the importance of assessing sex in tobacco and nicotine exposure studies. This study also shows the negative effect of oral nicotine administration as many oral dissolvable nicotine products, like pouches and gum, are becoming increasingly popular among adolescents and young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Hispanic Ethnicity on Adolescent Tobacco Use Estimates in the US.","authors":"Dale S Mantey, Adriana Perez, Anna V Wilkinson, Stephanie Clendennen, La Trice Montgomery, Melissa B Harrell","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>National estimates of tobacco use are reported by racial category after excluding all individuals who identify as Hispanic (e.g., non-Hispanic [NH], Black; NH-White). In this study, we assess the impact of excluding Hispanics from racial categories on national estimates of youth tobacco use in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We pooled four years of Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance Survey (YRBSS) data (2015-2021). Participants were n=60,327 high school students (9-12th grade). We report prevalence of past 30-day (current) use of cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and electronic cigarettes, stratified by racial category: (1) American Indian/Alaskan Native [AI/AN]; (2) Asian; (3) Black; (4) Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander [NHOPI]; (5) White; (6) multiracial; and (7) unspecific. Within racial category, we compared prevalence for each product between non-Hispanic and Hispanic youth; comparisons controlled for sex, grade, and year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Descriptively, the majority of AI/ANs (75.6%) and Pacific Islanders (58.9%) identified as Hispanics, as did a minority of multiracial (20.6%), White (14.6%), Black (8.2%), and Asian (7.9%) youth. Prevalence estimates were significantly greater for all four tobacco products among Hispanic-Asian and Hispanic-Black youth, relative to their NH counterparts. Conversely, tobacco use was lower among Hispanic-White youth relative to non-Hispanic Whites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Systematically removing Hispanics from classification within each racial category results in underestimation of tobacco use among Asian and Black youth, overestimation of tobacco use among White youth, and unstable estimates among AI/AN and NHOPI youth. These findings challenge the utility of the \"race/ethnicity\" variable in study of youth in the US.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Findings highlight the need to reconsider the operationalization of \"race/ethnicity\" which currently exclude Hispanics from each racial category. Hispanic ethnicity appears to function as a \"within-group\" difference; study of these within-group differences may provide unique insights into tobacco use disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Variation in Tobacco Smoking Among the Adult Population in Ireland.","authors":"Gintare Valentelyte, Aishling Sheridan, Paul Kavanagh, Frank Doyle, Jan Sorensen","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Differences in smoking prevalence across socioeconomic groups are a major driver of health inequalities. Although smoking prevalence continues to decline across most developed countries, socioeconomic inequalities in smoking still persist. While Ireland is among a small number of countries with a tobacco-endgame goal set to achieve a smoking prevalence of 5% by 2025, the challenge this presents by socioeconomic status is uncharted.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>We analyzed how differences in smoking status across various socioeconomic groups have changed over time in the adult population in Ireland. We used cross-sectional smoking data from the national population-based Healthy Ireland Survey for 2015-2022 (n = 52 494). Educational attainment and area-based deprivation were used as socioeconomic indicators. Socioeconomic differences and changes in inequality over time were identified using the relative index of inequality (RII). Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the association between socioeconomic status and daily smoking, occasional smoking, former smoking, and never smoking with adjustment for sex, age, and survey year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed the highest daily smoking rates among the least educated (OR = 11.62; 95% CI = 9.91, 13.63) and individuals living in the most deprived areas (OR = 4.23; 95% CI = 3.55, 5.04). Additionally, we identified significant relative smoking inequalities over the observation period continued to increase, among the least educated (RII = 2.86, 95%CI = 2.63, 3.09) and individuals living in the most deprived areas (RII = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.36, 2.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite generally reducing smoking prevalence, socioeconomic inequalities continue to widen among the smoking population in Ireland.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>As the tobacco endgame deadline of 2025 is fast approaching, this study highlights the urgent need to consider potential effects across the lowest socioeconomic status groups when implementing equity-oriented tobacco control policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactions to a hypothetical reduced nicotine content cigarette policy among sexual- and gender-minoritized communities: a concept mapping study.","authors":"Ashlee N Sawyer-Mays, Madison Combs, Akansha Anbil, Alyssa K Rudy, Joseph G L Lee, Alison Breland, Eric K Soule","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People who identify as sexual- and/or gender-minoritized (SGM) individuals have high prevalence of cigarette smoking. This study used concept mapping to examine anticipated reactions to a hypothetical cigarette nicotine reduction policy among SGM individuals in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2022, SGM individuals who reported past-month cigarette smoking (mean age=33.3) were recruited from 44 U.S. states through Craigslist advertisements to complete an online study. Participants brainstormed statements completing the prompt, \"If all cigarettes sold in the United States only had half the nicotine in them that they do now, a specific action I would take or a specific reaction I would have is...\" Participants sorted statements by theme and rated statements based on how likely each reaction would be for them. Ninety participants completed at least one part of the study (56, 64, and 73 participants completing brainstorming, sorting, and rating respectively).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants generated 100 statements that were organized into 7 thematic clusters using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. The clusters fell into three broad categories: 1) Thoughts and Reactions to the Ban, 2) Positive Preparations and Action Strategies, and 2) Maintaining Substance Use. The highest-rated clusters among participants were Questioning and Wondering (M=4.63), Negative Reactions (M=4.38), and Increasing Intake (4.30), while the lowest-rated cluster was Improving Public Health (M=3.56).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A policy reducing nicotine content in cigarettes may have a positive impact on SGM individuals who smoke. Health communication campaigns highlighting the purpose and goals of the policy may increase receptiveness to a policy.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>People who identify as sexual- and gender-minoritized (SGM) individuals have higher prevalence of cigarette smoking compared to those who do not identify as SGM individuals. A policy reducing the nicotine content in cigarettes may promote smoking cessation or prevent cigarette initiation, and thus may have a greater impact on SGM people who smoke. However, data from the current study indicate that SGM individuals may be suspicious of the intentions of a policy setting a reduced nicotine content cigarette product standard. This study demonstrates that, while a reduced-nicotine content cigarette policy may have positive public health impacts, regulators should consider how the policy will be communicated to the public to increase the acceptability and effectiveness of the policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Smoking to Vaping: The Motivation for E-Cigarette Use at the Neurobiological Level - An fMRI Study.","authors":"Nadja Grundinger, Marike Andreas, Valerie Lohner, Sven Schneider, Ute Mons, Sabine Vollstädt-Klein","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are considered a potential aid for smoking cessation. This study investigates the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the motivational properties of e-cigarettes compared to tobacco cigarettes and provides insights into their addictive potential and implications for smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 47 daily e-cigarette users, the majority of whom were former smokers (n=43), and 28 nicotine-naïve participants as controls. Among the e-cigarette users, 32 individuals currently used e-cigarettes exclusively, while 15 also used tobacco cigarettes (dual users). Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine anticipatory brain activation to reward-predictive stimuli for money, e-liquid, or tobacco cigarettes, as well as the instrumental response to obtain each reward.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exclusive e-cigarette users demonstrated increased activation in limbic regions, e.g., the nucleus accumbens, during the anticipation of e-liquid and money over tobacco cigarettes. Prefrontal regions showed greater activation during the anticipation of money compared to e-liquid or tobacco cigarettes. Dual users showed greater activation for money compared to tobacco cigarettes in the hippocampal limbic system. No significant differences were observed in the anticipation of e-liquid and tobacco cigarettes among dual users.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>E-cigarettes are perceived as equally rewarding as money, highlighting their addictive potential. Among exclusive e-cigarette users, money and e-liquid have stronger motivational properties than tobacco cigarettes (even among former smokers), suggesting that e-cigarettes may be an effective tool for tobacco cessation. The comparable appeal of e-liquid and tobacco cigarettes among dual users may suggest that a complete switch to e-cigarettes may be more effective for smoking cessation.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>It is important to understand the motivational properties of e-cigarettes, particularly compared to traditional tobacco products. E-cigarettes with little or no addictive potential might not be effective as a substitute for tobacco cigarettes; however, a high addictive potential would, conversely, pose a risk to non-smokers. Our data suggest that e-cigarettes have a sufficiently high addictive potential to make them an attractive alternative for smokers, especially if they switch completely from tobacco to e-cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating campaign awareness with digital media: exploring factors associated with awareness of and receptivity to FDA's Fresh Empire tobacco prevention campaign.","authors":"Amy Henes, Laurel Curry, Matthew Farrelly, Jamie Guillory, Andrew Crichton, Mc Kinley Saunders, Anna MacMonegle, Debra Mekos, Xiaoquan Zhao, James Nonnemaker, Merrybelle Guo, Dana E Wagner","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We explore factors that were associated with awareness of and receptivity to FDA's Fresh Empire tobacco public education campaign.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Evaluation data were 10,674 survey responses from 5,129 unique respondents who identified with the Hip Hop peer crowd between 2016 and 2019. The sample was predominantly non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic youth. We assessed the outcomes of brand awareness, ad awareness, and perceived ad effectiveness. We used panel regression models to test which demographic and other characteristics-including potential campaign exposure, as measured by impressions assigned to respondents based on their media market of residence and survey completion date-were associated with these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Black, non-Hispanic youth; Hispanic youth; and youth with additional non-Hispanic or multiracial identities were more likely to be aware of the Fresh Empire brand and reported higher ad awareness and perceived effectiveness scores than white, non-Hispanic respondents. Among the full sample, respondents with higher Hip Hop scores-indicating greater identification with the Hip Hop peer crowd-reported higher ad awareness. Compared with non-susceptible never smokers, youth susceptible to smoking reported lower ad awareness and perceived effectiveness scores. Higher potential exposure to campaign broadcast and digital media were both associated with higher ad awareness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fresh Empire reached and appealed to a racially and ethnically diverse group of Hip Hop youth. Our findings highlight the ability of digital media to generate campaign awareness among specific youth audiences.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Understanding factors that contribute to awareness of and positive reactions to the Fresh Empire campaign can inform the development and implementation of future campaigns focused on Hip Hop youth, youth of color, and other underrepresented audiences. Fresh Empire's success reaching its audience using primarily digital media demonstrates the potential of digital media campaigns to be effective at reaching specific audiences with tobacco prevention messages.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative examination of US and Israeli adults' perceptions of IQOS advertising messages: modified exposure and risk statements, US FDA endorsement, and health warnings.","authors":"Carla J Berg, Hagai Levine, Cassidy R LoParco, Yuxian Cui, Amal Khayat, Zongshuan Duan, Lorien C Abroms, Yan Wang, Yael Bar-Zeev","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>IQOS, a leading heated tobacco product, is advertised as less harmful than cigarettes and received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorization for 'reduced exposure' advertising claims. Perceptions of advertising messages, including reduced exposure/risk claims, FDA endorsements, and health warning labels (HWLs), are understudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative interviews (N=84) from US and Israeli adults (2022) examined perceptions of advertising messages, specifically: 1) scientific claims that switching completely from cigarettes to IQOS reduces 1a) chemical exposure and 1b) tobacco-related disease risk; 2) FDA endorsement of IQOS as a 2a) better choice for adult smokers and 2b) fundamentally different product (heat-not-burn); and 3) promoting IQOS as cigarette alternatives with a HWL pertaining to cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For half of participants, referencing scientific studies or the FDA enhanced credibility; some believed this implied unbiased, rigorous research. Half were skeptical due to lack of research-related details. Half interpreted message 1 (switching) to mean any substitution could be beneficial; half interpreted it as complete substitution was necessary. Most did not perceive differences between message 1a (reduced exposure) vs. 1b (reduced risk). Some believed message 2a (FDA endorsement, not targeting youth) demonstrated IQOS' social responsibility. Some interpreted message 2b (fundamentally different product) as risk reduction; others perceived no difference. The majority paraphrased messages using the terms 'safer', 'healthier', or 'less harmful'. For message 3 (safer alternative), some did not think the HWL applied to IQOS; some believed it promoted IQOS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regulators and researchers must monitor harm reduction advertising messaging and take actions to prevent consumer misinterpretations.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Philip Morris International's IQOS received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorization for 'reduced exposure' advertising claims, which are often misinterpreted, and has exploited FDA authorization to promote IQOS globally. This qualitative study showed that most participants perceived no difference between reduced risk vs. exposure messages in IQOS ads, half believed that references to scientific studies or FDA enhanced credibility, some believed certain messages demonstrated IQOS' social responsibility, and some perceived warnings in IQOS ads to promote IQOS. Product ads using harm reduction messages must be monitored to inform efforts to prevent potentially harmful misinterpretations and mitigate negative population-level impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opposition to banning cigarette filters and the belief that removing filters makes cigarettes much more harmful among adults who smoke: Findings from the 2022 International Tobacco Control Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey.","authors":"Shannon Gravely, Thomas E Novotny, K Michael Cummings, Katherine A East, Andrew Hyland, Pete Driezen, Janet Hoek, Kylie Morphett, David Sellars, Richard J O'Connor, Anne C K Quah, Geoffrey T Fong, Coral E Gartner","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In line with historical tobacco industry marketing claims, many consumers perceive cigarettes with filters as less harmful than cigarette without filters. However, scientific evidence indicates that cigarette filters do not reduce the risks associated with smoking. We examined opposition to banning the sale of cigarettes with filters, beliefs about whether removing filters makes cigarettes much more harmful, and whether this belief is associated with opposition to banning filters among adults who smoke cigarettes from four high-income countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from 2,980 adults who smoke cigarettes and participated in the 2022 ITC Smoking and Vaping Survey in Australia, Canada, England, and the United States (US). Weighted descriptives estimated opposition to a cigarette filter ban and the belief that removing filters makes cigarettes 'much more', 'a little more', 'not more' harmful, or 'don't know'. Adjusted regression analyses examined the association between opposition to banning filters (vs. support/don't know) and the belief that removing filters would make cigarettes much more harmful (vs. otherwise).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all counties, 69.3% opposed banning filters, 11.5% of respondents supported banning filters, and 19.1% did not know (main effect for country differences: p=0.001). Country differences remained significant after adjusting for covariates (p=0.047), with adults who smoke in Australia and the US being significantly more likely to oppose a filter ban than those in England. Canada did not differ significantly from any of the countries. Nearly half (45.9%) believe that removing filters would make cigarettes much more harmful, 28.6% reported a little more harmful, 15.3% were unsure, and 10.2% reported not more harmful (country differences: p=0.002). Country differences were no longer significant after adjustment (p=0.18). Believing that removing filters makes cigarettes much more harmful was strongly associated with opposing a filter ban (78.5%) (vs. otherwise: 62.1%, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Across all four countries, three-quarters of adults who smoke erroneously believe that removing filters would make cigarettes more harmful, and believing that doing so would make cigarettes much more harmful was the strongest predictor of opposing a filter ban.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>More than 90% of manufactured cigarettes worldwide contain filters. Contrary to marketing claims by the tobacco industry, cigarette filters do not offer any health protection from cigarette smoke; however, three-quarters of adults who smoke erroneously believe that cigarettes with filters are much less harmful than cigarettes without filters. To protect public health and the environment, the World Health Organization has recommended that policymakers consider banning cigarette filters as they are unnecessary single use plastics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snus and cardiometabolic health markers among Swedish young adults.","authors":"Anna Zettergren, Niklas Andersson, Göran Pershagen, Christian Lindh, Antonios Georgelis, Inger Kull, Erik Melén, Sandra Ekström, Petter Ljungman, Anna Bergström","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Snus is suggested as a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but little is known about health effects in young populations, particularly in women. We aimed to investigate associations between snus and cardiometabolic health markers among young men and women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study was conducted within the BAMSE birth cohort and included participants followed up around 24 years (n=2256) and 26 years (n=1011). Snus use was assessed at 24 years by questionnaires. Cardiometabolic health markers were recorded at clinical examinations at 24 and 26 years. Associations between snus use and cardiometabolic markers were assessed by multivariable linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Snus was used by 6.4% (n=81) among women and 21.9% (n=219) among men. Compared to no tobacco use, daily exclusive snus use among women at 24 years was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) (adjusted β: 1.93 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.54, 3.33) and waist circumference (WC) (aβ: 3.80 cm, 95% CI: 0.41, 7.18) at 24 years, and with higher BMI (aβ: 2.73 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.53-4.93) at 26 years. Among men, using ≥4 cans/week was associated with increased BMI (aβ: 2.48 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.73, 4.24) and a tendency toward increased body fat (aβ: 2.31%, 95% CI: -0.53, 5.14) at 26 years. Snus use was not associated with glycemic status or blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that snus is associated with increased BMI, and possibly other measures of adiposity, among young women and heavy using young men. Given the cross-sectional study design, the results should be interpreted with caution.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>We found cross-sectional associations between snus use and measures of increased adiposity in a cohort of Swedish young adults, including BMI and waist circumference among women and BMI among heavy snus using men. We did not find associations between snus use and body fat %, glycemic status or blood pressure. This is one of few studies to investigate health effect of snus among both women and men as well as cardiometabolic health markers in young adults. Given the recent trends of increased snus use among young adults, our findings highlight the need for further research on snus on cardiometabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarification on the National Institute of Public Health's Independence from the Tobacco Industry.","authors":"Tomofumi Sone","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae265","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}