Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Modeling the impact of smoking on mortality in Argentina from 2000 to 2100. A Maximum Potential Reduction in Premature Mortality analysis.","authors":"M Victoria Salgado, Pianpian Cao, Jihyoun Jeon, Luz M Sanchez-Romero, Theodore R Holford, David T Levy, Jamie Tam, Raul Mejia, Rafael Meza","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In Argentina, 23% of adults smoke; the future burden of smoking on mortality in the country is unknown. We estimate future smoking-attributable mortality if current smoking trends continue and compare this with an ideal scenario in which all smoking ceases in 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a discrete deterministic compartmental simulation model of cigarette smoking by birth cohort in Argentina. The model was validated against observed sex-specific adult smoking prevalence. We then simulated smoking prevalence, smoking-attributable deaths (SADs), and life-years lost (LYL) from 2000 to 2100 under a Status Quo scenario, where future smoking prevalence follows current trends. Additionally, we modeled an ideal scenario where all smoking ceases starting in 2024. We calculated the Maximum Potential Reduction in Premature Mortality (MPRPM) as the LYL difference between the two scenarios from 2024 to 2100.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model adequately reproduces observed smoking prevalence in Argentina. Approximately 55,700 SADs are estimated to occur in 2024. Under the Status Quo, over 4 million deaths due to smoking and around 79 million LYL would occur from 2000 to 2100. If all smoking had ceased in 2024, 49 million LYL due to smoking would still occur, resulting in an MPRPM of 30 million years, about 38% of the expected burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Argentina faces a significant smoking-attributable mortality burden this century, with a substantial portion already unavoidable due to past smoking. Further tobacco control interventions, however, could still considerably reduce premature deaths and years of life lost. Prompt action is needed to realize these potential health gains.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This modeling study provides an estimation of the future burden of smoking-attributable mortality in Argentina and highlights the maximum potential health benefits if all smoking would cease by 2024. While a portion of smoking-related mortality is unavoidable due to past smoking, the results show that further tobacco control interventions could still prevent a substantial number of premature deaths and life-years lost. These findings underscore the need for continued public health efforts to reduce smoking rates and mitigate its long-term effects on population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A factorial randomized clinical trial of nicotine replacement therapy and treatment recommendations to quit vs continue e-cigarettes when quitting smoking in young adult dual users.","authors":"Elias M Klemperer, Marc Jerome P Feinstein, Katya Marsh, Andrea C Villanti, Matthew J Carpenter, Joan M Skelly, Michael J DeSarno, Stephen T Higgins","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple tobacco product use has increased markedly in the US, especially dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among young adults. Little is known regarding nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for young adult dual users, or whether to recommend quitting vs continuing e-cigarettes during smoking cessation treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 2x2 factorial trial randomized 396 young adult dual users (aged 18-29; ≥5 cigarettes/day; used e-cigarettes on ≥10 of past 30 days) to receive 12 weeks of combination NRT vs No NRT to quit smoking, plus text-based treatment recommendations to Quit vs Continue E-cigarettes. The primary outcome was self-reported end-of-treatment 7-day point-prevalence abstinence (PPA) from cigarettes; a secondary outcome was end-of-treatment 30-day PPA from cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were 26.0 (SD=6.8) years old, 52.8% female, and 26.5% non-white. At week-12, NRT increased 7-day PPA (NRT=50.5% vs No NRT=39.9%; OR=1.54, 95% CI=1.03, 2.29), but neither treatment recommendation (Quit E-cigarettes=48.0% vs Continue E-cigarettes=42.4%; OR=1.25, 95% CI=0.84, 1.85) nor the NRT-by-treatment recommendation interaction were significant. The direction and magnitude of main effects for 30-day PPA at week-12 were similar to 7-day PPA, but the NRT-by-treatment recommendation interaction was significant (p=0.04): smoking cessation was greatest for the NRT plus Quit E-cigarettes condition (47.1%) vs NRT plus Continue E-cigarettes (28.1%); No NRT plus Quit E-cigarettes (29.2%); and No NRT plus Continue E-cigarettes (30.4%) conditions (all p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NRT is effective in promoting early smoking cessation among young adult dual users. Secondary findings indicate that pairing NRT with support to quit both products could enhance effects on prolonged cigarette abstinence.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Despite increases in dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among young adults, there is a notable lack of research on smoking cessation treatments. This factorial randomized clinical trial investigated the effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation with recommendations to quit vs continue using e-cigarettes during smoking cessation treatment among young adults who dually use cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Findings indicate that NRT is effective in achieving early cigarette abstinence in this population and suggest the strongest effects may be achieved among those who receive NRT combined with support to quit rather than continue using e-cigarettes during treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial Subjective Response to Nicotine Vaping Predicts Subsequent E-Cigarette Use in Early Adolescence: An ABCD Investigation.","authors":"Kelly E Courtney, Tam T Nguyen-Louie, Wes Thompson, Natasha E Wade, Marybel Robledo Gonzalez, Joanna Jacobus, Neal Doran","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Differences in sensitivity to substances are important for understanding variability in addiction propensity. The value of modeling subjective response to nicotine, particularly e-cigarettes, at first use as a predictor of future use remains largely untested.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study data included 147 youth (51% female; mean age=13 at first assessment) who reported vaping of an e-cigarette and provided subjective response to that experience during the 4-years of baseline and annual follow-up data currently available. Analyses evaluated the longitudinal relationships between subjective response to vaping and subsequent annual e-cigarette episodes (i.e., quantity) and use days (i.e., frequency) using semi-parametric Bayesian mixture models. Effects were estimated at quantiles (25th, 50th, and 75th) of the e-cigarette use outcomes, representing lower, average (i.e., median), and higher use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater pleasurable sensations to vaping at first use predicted greater past-year e-cigarette use for all participants, with youth endorsing higher use exhibiting stronger relationships (βLower use=0.07-0.10; βMedian use=0.37-0.75; βHigher use=22.3-61.4). Greater initial unpleasant sensations to vaping also predicted greater subsequent use (βLower use=0.16-0.19; βMedian use=0.54-0.74). Among youth endorsing higher use, unpleasant subjective response was associated with future use quantity (β=22.00), but not frequency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that initial subjective response to nicotine vaping in youth is a strong predictor of e-cigarette use behavior up to four years later, particularly in those endorsing higher use. This knowledge can be used to enhance early prevention efforts to reduce e-cigarette use in this vulnerable population.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study advances initial subjective response to nicotine vaping in youth as a strong predictor of future e-cigarette use behavior, particularly in youth endorsing higher use. This knowledge can be used to help identify risk and protective factors for nicotine use, as well as enhance early prevention efforts to reduce e-cigarette use in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations between secondhand smoke exposure and various cardiovascular diseases: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Shuo Feng, Renming Liu, Christopher Thompson, Brian Colwell","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite various meta-analyses conducted to explore the association between SHS and CVD, gaps and mixed results remained in the literature. This study aims to examine the associations between SHS and individual CVDs with moderation analyses of sexes, countries/regions, and exposure types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications in four databases (PubMed, CINAHL ultimate, Embase, and Web of Science) from inception to May 2, 2024, were included. Cochrane ROBINS-E was used for bias evaluation. The RVE model was used for meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted to compare the differences in sex, geographic regions, and exposure type. Odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and p-values were reported to assess effect sizes and statistical significance. Cochran's Q test with the I2 statistic was used to test heterogeneity. Egger's test and funnel plots were used for publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>57 studies were included. SHS exposure increases the odds of hypertension (OR 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), heart disease (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.28-1.50), myocardial infarction (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.17-1.84), stroke (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.18-1.54), and non-specific CVDs (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.26-1.74). Compared to other countries, the U.S. has lower ORs, and European countries have higher ORs in various CVDs. Home exposure has a higher risk of CVD than non-home exposure. No sex differences were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Public education to raise awareness of health impacts of SHS exposure on a population level, legislation and execution of public smoking bans on the government level, and efforts toward smoke-free homes at family levels are recommended.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study, aligned with previous meta-analyses, found that SHS exposure increases the likelihood of heart disease, stroke, hypertension, myocardial infarction, non-specific CVDs, and total CVDs. Compared to other countries, the U.S. has a lower likelihood of CVDs, and Europe (with the majority of studies from Greece) has a higher likelihood of CVDs. Home exposure has a higher risk of CVD than non-home exposure. For improving public health, the results support public education to raise awareness of health impacts of SHS exposure on a population level and legislation and execution of public smoking bans on the government level. Efforts toward smoke-free homes are recommended at family levels. Future research shall focus on geographic differences in the association between SHS and CVD and their embedded reasons, as well as the mechanisms of SHS on individual CVDs and its health effects on females and males.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACT on Vaping: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Digital Health App with Text Messaging for Young Adult Vaping Cessation.","authors":"Jaimee L Heffner, Kelsey Baker, Katerina Georgiou, Amanda L Graham, Megan M Kelly, Pinelopi Konstantinou, Eleana Lamprou, Chinmaya Lele, Kathleen Z Lok, Maria Orzechowski, Raymond A Ruiz, Edit Serfozo, Maria Karekla","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no published evidence to support the efficacy of any digital vaping cessation program for young adults (YAs) at differing levels of readiness to quit. In this pilot randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the preliminary acceptability and efficacy of a program for vaping cessation based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT on Vaping), delivered via a smartphone app and text messaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>YAs age 18-30 (n=61) were randomized 1:1 to ACT on Vaping (n=31) or incentivized text message control (n=30). Outcome data were collected at 3 months post-randomization. Results were compared against a priori benchmarks for acceptability (satisfaction of ≥ 3.5 on 5-point scale) and efficacy relative to control (meeting at least one of three): ≥ 1-point difference in Contemplation Ladder change scores; ≥ 5 percentage difference in 24-hour quit attempts, ≥ 5 percentage difference in cotinine-confirmed 30-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) from all non-therapeutic nicotine/tobacco.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Satisfaction with ACT on Vaping averaged 3.8, exceeding the acceptability benchmark. A higher proportion of participants in the ACT on Vaping arm reported a 24-hour quit attempt (87.5% vs. 75.9%), exceeding the efficacy benchmark. Both change in quit readiness (+0.96 in ACT on Vaping vs. +0.72 in control) and cotinine-confirmed 30-day PPA (4.2% in ACT on Vaping vs. 0% in control) were descriptively higher for ACT on Vaping but did not reach the benchmark level for efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ACT on Vaping had promising acceptability and preliminary efficacy. A fully-powered trial of ACT on Vaping is warranted to evaluate its efficacy.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Digital interventions are a promising yet under-researched approach for reaching and supporting young adults to quit vaping. This proof-of-concept pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated a novel mobile health application and associated text messaging program (ACT on Vaping) for young adult vaping cessation and found preliminary evidence for acceptability and efficacy relative to an incentivized text message control arm, warranting evaluation in a fully-powered trial as a next step.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistency of Biomarkers of Exposure in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study from Samples Taken 3 to 5 Years Apart.","authors":"David L Ashley, Wanzhe Zhu, Deepak Bhandari, Lanqing Wang, Jun Feng, Yuesong Wang, Lei Meng, Baoyun Xia, Jeffery M Jarrett, Cindy M Chang, Heather L Kimmel, Benjamin C Blount","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary biomarkers are useful in characterizing exposure to harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) of tobacco products and linking exposure to health outcomes. However, the consistency/reproducibility of many urinary biomarkers over long periods is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among people who exclusively used cigarettes in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Waves 1, 2, 4, and 5 (ranging from 746 to 1361 subjects), we used weighted models to estimate variance components and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) for 15 biomarkers of exposure for urine samples collected 3-5 years apart, creatinine-only-adjusted and also adjusted for demographic and behavioral predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In models adjusted only for creatinine, ICC values of biomarkers ranged from 0.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.32, 0.49) (N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine) to 0.73 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.81) (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol), varying within each chemical class. For models adjusted for predictors, associations between biomarkers and predictors were similar for samples collected 3-5 years and 1 year apart. Predictor-adjusted ICCs for samples collected 3-5 years apart ranged from 0.29 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.40) (N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine) to 0.63 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.69) (N-Acetyl-S-(2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine) and appeared not different from those for samples collected 1 year apart.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even for 3 or 5 years between urine sample collection, unadjusted biomarkers of exposure showed fair to excellent reproducibility. Similar consistency between 1 year and 3-5 years between collections was found when including predictors in the model.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>These biomarkers may be useful to characterize long-term exposures to HPHCs from cigarettes with different characteristics for those who smoke cigarettes exclusively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with single, dual and poly combustible tobacco use among Emirati adults in the United Arab Emirates: The UAE Healthy Future and ITC Survey results (2016 - 2023).","authors":"Andrea Leinberger-Jabari, Amar Ahmad, Nicola Lindson, Rachna Begh, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Geoffrey T Fong, Raghib Ali, Youssef Idaghdour, Scott E Sherman","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Forms of combustible tobacco, such as shisha and pipe tobacco, are popular in the Middle East. Poly use of combustible tobacco products increases exposure to the harmful toxicants in them. Little is known about patterns of tobacco use behaviors in Middle Eastern countries and the potential harms due to particular types and concurrent versus single-use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data on tobacco use from 7,535 Emirati adults as part of the UAE Healthy Future Study, a longitudinal cohort study in the United Arab Emirates. We examined associations between single, dual, or poly combustible tobacco use and sociodemographic and clinical factors, including markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We also examined associations between the type of tobacco used and markers of CVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age-adjusted prevalence of combustible tobacco use was 34%. Single, dual, and poly use were 47%, 35%, and 18%, respectively. Parental tobacco use was associated with any kind of combustible tobacco use, and was strongly associated with poly use (RRRp=4.4, 95% CI=1.2, 16.8). Those who used one or more combustible tobacco products had higher levels of some CVD markers, notably HDL and Apolipoprotein A. Use of any type of tobacco was associated with increased risk for markers of CVD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Any amount of tobacco used was associated with differences in CVD markers. Associations were strongest for poly tobacco users. Future studies are needed to understand relationships between single, dual and poly combustible tobacco use, different combustible tobacco types, and disease risk.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>All forms of tobacco were associated with markers of CVD, signaling that there is no safer form of combustible tobacco. The study is one of the largest to characterize tobacco use behaviors in a Middle Eastern population, and should provide an important benchmark for further research on different, and sometimes co-occurring, forms of tobacco use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Sex in the Effects of Smoking and Nicotine on Cardiovascular Function, Atherosclerosis, and Inflammation.","authors":"Ann Marie Centner, Abigail E Cullen, Leila Khalili, Vladimir Ukhanov, Stephanie Hill, Riley Deitado, Hyun Seok Hwang, Tooyib Azeez, Justin D La Favor, Orlando Laitano, Michelle S Parvatiyar, Stephen P Chelko, Gloria Salazar","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae274","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cigarette smoke (CS) invokes an inflammatory response associated with vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. The role of sex and nicotine in CS effects on cardiovascular function and atherosclerosis is unexplored.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>Male and female C57Bl/6 WT (wild type) and ApoE-/- mice were exposed to CS and nicotine with access to chow and water ad libitum for 16 weeks to fill this gap. Heart rate and endothelial function were measured in the aorta of WT mice, while the lipid profile, cytokines, chemokines, and plaque area and composition were assessed in ApoE-/- mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CS increased heart rate similarly in both sexes and induced a more substantial impairment in endothelial function in males and more plaque in females than nicotine. Necrotic core areas were similar for both treatments in both sexes, while females had higher collagen deposition across treatments. Both treatments elevated senescence-associated GLB1/-galactosidase (SA-GLB1) and interleukin 17A (IL17A) similarly in both sexes. CS upregulated cholesterol in both sexes, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-5 (CXCL5/LIX) only in males, and LDL and IL1A only in females. Additionally, nicotine metabolism showed sex-specific responses to nicotine but not smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that sex influences cardiovascular function and atherosclerosis following exposure to nicotine and CS.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>The purpose of this study was to fill the existing literature gap through assessment of the differential sex effects of CS and nicotine on vascular function and atherosclerosis to identify sex-specific risk factors. We show sex-specific differences in endothelial function, plaque, inflammation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) regulators with exposure to CS and nicotine, which underscore the importance of assessing sex in tobacco and nicotine exposure studies. This study also shows the negative effect of oral nicotine administration as many oral dissolvable nicotine products, such as pouches and gum, are becoming increasingly popular among adolescents and young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1116-1126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harm to Myself or Others? A Qualitative Study of the Preferences of People Who Smoke for Messages to Be Included in Cigarette Pack Inserts.","authors":"Vicki Myers, Nurit Guttman, Laura J Rosen","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae249","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco package inserts (TPIs) are a novel channel to transmit smoking cessation messages. Research has shown associations between inserts, intentions to quit, and increased self-efficacy. In Israel, TPIs have been legislated but not yet implemented. This study aimed to learn what kind of messages would appeal to people who smoke, for the purpose of developing effective TPIs.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>Semistructured interviews were conducted with 25 people who smoke or formerly smoked, aged 18-67 years. An inductive and deductive thematic analysis was conducted to enable a dynamic process of coding and identifying themes and categories across interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two main themes identified were the harms of smoking and motivators for quitting. Many participants were averse to information about the harms of smoking but were interested in specific information about the harm of smoking to others, particularly children, on comparative risks of different tobacco/nicotine products, and about how to address the challenge of addiction. There was a preference for motivational messages encouraging quitting, including how the body recovers, personal quit stories, practical quit tips, and information on cessation services.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adults who smoke were receptive to the idea of TPI but considered some types of information superfluous. It is important to emphasize harm to others, provide information on quit services, and deliver information that is reliable, specific, and evidence-based regarding quitting so that it can be encouraging, useful, and practical. The merits of providing information to people who smoke on the relative risks of different nicotine and tobacco products should also be considered. The findings provide a basis for developing TPI content.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>A large proportion of adults who smoke are interested in quitting. Pack inserts with positive motivating messages, quitline details, and novel information about risks to people who smoke and particularly to others, should be developed and tested, and subsequently distributed nationally to reach all those who open a cigarette package.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1043-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Philip Morris International's Attempts to Influence Science and Policy in Japan.","authors":"Sophie Braznell, Louis Laurence, Iona Fitzpatrick, Anna B Gilmore","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae311","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntae311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":"1153-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}