Nutrition Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"A combination of red and processed meat intake and polygenic risk score influences the incidence of hyperuricemia in middle-aged Korean adults.","authors":"Suyeon Lee, Dayeon Shin","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The high consumption of purine-rich meat is associated with hyperuricemia. However, there is limited evidence linking the consumption of red and processed meat to the genetic risk of hyperuricemia. We investigated the relationship between various combinations of red and processed meat consumption and the polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and the incidence of hyperuricemia in middle-aged Koreans.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>We analyzed the data from 44,053 participants aged ≥40 years sourced from the Health Examinees (HEXA) cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Information regarding red and processed meat intake was obtained using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). We identified 69 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at uric acid-related loci using genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and clumping analyses. The individual PRS, which is the weighted sum of the effect size of each allele at the SNP, was calculated. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for covariates to determine the relationship between red and processed meat intake and the PRS in the incidence of hyperuricemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During an average follow-up period of 5 years, 2,556 patients with hyperuricemia were identified. For both men and women, the group with the highest red and processed meat intake and the highest PRS was positively associated with the development of hyperuricemia when compared with the group with the lowest red and processed meat intake and the lowest PRS (hazard ratio [HR], 2.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.10-3.53; <i>P</i> < 0.0001; HR, 3.28; 95% CI, 2.45-4.40; <i>P</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals at a high genetic risk for uric acid levels should moderate their consumption of red and processed meat to prevent hyperuricemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"721-745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of poly-γ-glutamate-vitamin B6 supplement and urinary microbiota profiles in Korean healthy adults: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled intervention study.","authors":"Jungmin Park, Inkyung Baik","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA), a natural polymer found in fermented soybean products, has been reported to play a prebiotic role in the gut. This intervention study investigated the effects of γ-PGA-containing supplement consumption on urinary microbiota in healthy adults because of limited data on such investigation.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>A 4-week parallel trial including 39 male and female Korean adults, who were free of chronic diseases and infection, was designed as a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. A total of 30 participants completed the study wherein the intervention group (n = 17) received a mixture supplement containing 600 mg/day of γ-PGA and 100 mg/day of vitamin B6, while the control group (n = 13) received a placebo. Paired datasets (baseline and endpoint data) of microbiota profiles, which were constructed via urinary assays of microbe-derived extracellular vesicles, were analyzed and compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only the intervention group yielded significant results for the Bray-Curtis and Jaccard dissimilarity indices between baseline and endpoint data (<i>P</i> < 0.05). In the phylum-level analysis of microbial composition, the <i>Firmicutes</i> to <i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio (FB ratio) tended to decrease from baseline in the intervention group; however, it increased in the control group. Differences between the baseline and endpoint FB ratios were significant between the two groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study's findings suggest that γ-PGA-vitamin B6 supplementation potentially alters the microbial community composition of a host. Further investigation into the biological consequences of commensal microbiota alteration by γ-PGA-containing supplement consumption is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"663-673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Cladophora glomerata</i> Kützing extract exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-nitrosative stress against impairment of renal organic anion transport in an <i>in vivo</i> study.","authors":"Atcharaporn Ontawong, Chaliya J Aida, Pornpun Vivithanaporn, Doungporn Amornlerdpison, Chutima S Vaddhanaphuti","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong><i>Cladophora glomerata</i> extract (CGE), rich in polyphenols, was reported to exhibit antidiabetic and renoprotective effects by modulating the functions of protein kinases-mediated organic anion transporter 1 (Oat1) and 3 (Oat3) in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nevertheless, the antioxidant effects of CGE on such renoprotection have not been investigated. This study examined the mechanisms involved in the antioxidant effects of CGE on renal organic anion transport function in an <i>in vivo</i> study.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Diabetes was induced in the rats through a high-fat diet combined with a single dose of 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) streptozotocin. Subsequently, normal-diet rats were supplemented with a vehicle or 1,000 mg/kg BW of CGE, while T2DM rats were supplemented with a vehicle, CGE, or 200 mg/kg BW of vitamin C for 12 weeks. The study evaluated the general characteristics of T2DM and renal oxidative stress markers. The renal organic transport function was assessed by measuring the para-aminohippurate (PAH) uptake using renal cortical slices and renal inflammatory cytokine expression in the normal diet (ND) and ND + CGE treated groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CGE supplementation significantly reduced hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and renal lipid peroxidation in T2DM rats. This was accompanied by the normalization of high expressions of renal glutathione peroxidase and nuclear factor kappa B by CGE and vitamin C. The renal anti-inflammation of CGE was evidenced by the reduction of tumor necrosis factor-1α and interleukin-1β. CGE directly blunted sodium nitroprusside-induced renal oxidative/nitrosative stresses and mediated the PAH uptake in the normally treated CGE in rats was particularly noteworthy. These data also correlated with reduced nitric oxide production, highlighting the potential of CGE as a therapeutic agent for managing T2DM-related renal complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that CGE has antidiabetic effects and directly prevents diabetic nephropathy through oxidative/nitrosative stress pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"633-646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin protective effect of Indian gooseberry and barley sprout complex on skin dryness, wrinkles, and melanogenesis by cell models.","authors":"Minhee Lee, Dakyung Kim, Mi-Ryeong Park, Soyoung Kim, Jong-Lae Kim, Ok-Kyung Kim, Jeongmin Lee","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>UV radiation is a major factor contributing to DNA damage in skin cells, including stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, leading to the depletion of these crucial cells. This study examined whether a mixture of Indian gooseberry and barley sprout (IB) could inhibit UVB irradiation and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-induced photoaging and oxidative stress in the skin using HaCaT, Hs27, and B16F10 cells.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>The moisturizing-related factors, the collagen synthesis-related c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Fos/c-Jun/matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) pathway, and the melanogenesis-related cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP-responsive binding protein (CREB)/melanocyte inducing transcription factor (MITF)/tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)/tyrosinase activation pathways were analyzed <i>in vitro</i> by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IB complex increased the hyaluronic acid and sphingomyelin levels and the collagenase inhibitory activity, enhanced hydration-related factors, including collagen, <i>hyaluronic acid synthase</i> (<i>HAS</i>), <i>elastin</i>, <i>long chain base subunit 1</i> (<i>LCB1</i>) (<i>serine palmitoyltransferase</i>; <i>SPT</i>), and <i>delta 4-desaturase sphingolipid 1</i> (<i>DEGS1</i>), modulated the inflammatory cytokines levels, antioxidant enzyme activities and the NF-κB/MMPs/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells, and inhibited wrinkle formation by down-regulation of the JNK/c-Fos/c-Jun/MMP pathway and up-regulation of the <i>transforming growth factor-β receptor I</i> (<i>TGFβR1</i>)/small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad3)/<i>procollagen type І</i> pathway in UVB-irradiated Hs27 cells. Moreover, the IB complex prevented melanin production by down-regulating the PKA/CREB/MITF/TRP-1/TRP-2 pathway in IBMX-induced B16F10 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that the IB complex has the potential to serve as a safeguard, shielding the skin from UVB radiation-induced photo-damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"587-601"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Mukbang</i> media: correlations with the dietary behavior of children and adolescents in Korea.","authors":"Eunjin Jang, Eunji Ko, Jiwon Sim, Minjeong Jeong, Sohyun Park","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong><i>Mukbang</i>, a trend originating in South Korea and gaining global popularity, could influence children's food choices and eating habits. This study analyzed the correlation between <i>Mukbang</i> viewing time in children and adolescents, their meal consumption frequency, nutrition quotient (NQ), and frequency of food intake.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>From July to August 2022, this cross-sectional study investigated upper elementary students (ages 9-11 yrs) and adolescents (aged 12-18 yrs) using an online survey. The survey items included key demographic factors, <i>Mukbang</i> viewing frequency and duration, frequency of main meal consumption, commonly consumed foods, and the validated NQ, which was used to assess food intake quality. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the link between <i>Mukbang</i> viewing and nutritional habits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weekly <i>Mukbang</i> viewing time was significantly correlated with eating habits after adjusting for gender, age, physical activity frequency past week, household income, and primary caregiver's level of education. Increased <i>Mukbang</i> viewing time correlated with reduced frequency of breakfast (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.001) and dinner (<i>P</i> for trend = 0.012), while the frequency of eating out (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.001) and late-night snacking (<i>P</i> for trend = 0.008) increased. Higher <i>Mukbang</i> viewing time notably decreased scores in the moderation domain (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.001), in the practice domain (<i>P</i> for trend = 0.031), and overall NQ (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.001). It also significantly elevated intake of sweets (<i>P</i> for trend = 0.001), Korean-style street food, Western-style fast food, instant noodles, sweetened beverages, caffeinated beverages, and fruit and vegetable juices (<i>P</i> for trend < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identifies a negative correlation between <i>Mukbang</i> viewing and eating habits among Korean children and adolescents. The results indicate the importance of incorporating children and adolescents' media usage and environmental factors on dietary education and the development of policy programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"674-686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Protaetia brevitarsis</i> larvae extract protects against lipopolysaccharides-induced ferroptosis and inflammation by inhibiting acid sphingomyelinase.","authors":"Woo-Jae Park, Eunyoung Oh, Yookyung Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Inflammation and ferroptosis are implicated in various diseases and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) have been linked with these disorders. Recently, many edible insects, such as <i>Gryllus bimaculatus, Protaetia brevitarsis</i> larvae (PB) and <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> larvae, have been recommended as alternative foods because they contain lots of nutritional sources. In this study, we explored the potential of PB extract in preventing LPS-induced inflammation and ferroptosis in Hep3B cells.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>PB powder was extracted using 70% ethanol and applied to Hep3B cells. Co-treatment with LPS was conducted to induce ferroptosis and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory and anti-ferroptosis mechanisms of the PB extract were confirmed using Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PB extract effectively prevented LPS-induced cell death and restored LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production, NF-κB signaling, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis. Interestingly, PB extract reduced LPS-induced ceramide increase and acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) expression. The use of the ASMase inhibitor, desipramine, also demonstrated a reduction in these pathways, highlighting the pivotal role of ASMase in inflammation and ferroptosis. Treatment with each inhibitor revealed that ferroptosis causes ER stress and that NF-κB and MAP kinase pathways are involved in inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PB emerges as a potential functional food with inhibitory effects on LPS-induced inflammation and ferroptosis, making it a promising candidate for nutritional interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"602-616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of food and nutrient intake according to the presence of glaucoma among Korean older adults.","authors":"Jungwon Kim, Seyeon Park, Yoon Jung Yang","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intake according to the presence of glaucoma among Korean individuals aged 60 yrs or older and to establish evidence for the necessity of dietary habits and nutritional management in the prevention and management of glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>The study was conducted on 4,195 older adults aged 60 or older who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2017 and 2018. The subjects were classified into glaucoma (n = 186) and non-glaucoma (n = 4,009) groups based on the doctor's diagnosis of glaucoma. Nutrient intake was estimated using a 24-h recall method, and the intake of nutrients between the 2 groups was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The comparison of food group and nutrient intake according to the subjects' prevalence of glaucoma showed that the average intake of potatoes and starches was higher in the glaucoma group than in the non-glaucoma group (<i>P</i> = 0.049), whereas the average intake of meat, fish, and shellfish was higher in the non-glaucoma group than in the glaucoma group (<i>P</i> = 0.045, <i>P</i> = 0.018). Additionally, the average intake of omega-3 and vitamin C was higher in the non-glaucoma group than in the glaucoma group (<i>P</i> = 0.022, <i>P</i> = 0.045), while the average intake of niacin was higher in the glaucoma group than in the non-glaucoma group (<i>P</i> = 0.046).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intake of meats, fish, and shellfish, omega-3, and vitamin C was higher in the non-glaucoma group than in the glaucoma group. These results suggest that a healthy diet might be necessary for the prevention and management of glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"701-710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between food consumption and serum aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand activity among middle-aged Korean adults.","authors":"Kyungho Ha, Hoonsung Choi, Youngmi Kim Pak, Hong Kyu Lee, Hyojee Joung","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The diet is an important route of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, few studies have investigated the association between dietary intake and EDC exposure levels among Koreans. In an earlier study, we showed that the bioactivity of serum aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands (AhRLs) could be a surrogate biomarker to indicate exposure to EDCs and that they inhibit mitochondrial function. We also found that the mitochondria-inhibiting substances (MIS) in serum ascertained by intracellular adenosine triphosphate (MIS-ATP) and reactive oxygen species (MIS-ROS) levels could be biomarkers of exposure to EDCs, as they showed a strong correlation with AhRL and the levels of EDCs in the blood. Here, we investigated the association between the consumption of specific foods and surrogate serum biomarkers for EDCs, namely AhRL, MIS-ATP, and MIS-ROS, among middle-aged Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>A total of 1,466 participants aged 45-76 yrs from the Ansung cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study were included. Food consumption, including that of meat, fish, vegetables, and fruits, was measured using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fish intake was positively associated with AhRL (β = 0.0035, <i>P</i> = 0.0166), whereas cruciferous vegetable intake was negatively associated with AhRL (β = -0.0007, <i>P</i> = 0.0488). Cruciferous vegetable intake was positively associated with the MIS-ATP levels (β = 0.0051, <i>P</i> = 0.0420). A higher intake of fish was significantly associated with an increased risk of high AhRL (tertile: odds ratio [OR], 1.49; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 1.08-2.06; <i>P</i> for trend = 0.0305). In addition, the second-highest tertile of cruciferous vegetable intake had lower odds of high AhRL than the lowest tertile (OR, 0.73; 95% CIs, 0.54-0.97), although no significant linear trend was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consumption of different types of foods may be differentially associated with EDC exposure in middle-aged Korean adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"711-720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and application of an evaluation tool for school food culture in elementary, middle, and high schools in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.","authors":"Meeyoung Kim, Sooyoun Kwon, Sub-Keun Hong, Yeonhee Koo, Youngmi Lee","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2024.18.5.746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>To encourage schools to transform school meal programs to be more educational, it is necessary to evaluate the related environment using a whole school approach. We developed a school food culture evaluation tool to quantitatively evaluate school food culture in Gyeonggi Province, Korea.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>Based on a literature review, a school food culture evaluation system consisting of areas, subareas, indicators, and questions (scored on a 5-point scale) was constructed. The validity of the tool was reviewed using focus group interviews, the Delphi technique, and a preliminary survey. Subsequently, evaluation tool was applied to elementary, middle, and high schools in Gyeonggi Province. Data from 115 schools were used for the final analysis. This included 64 elementary schools, 29 middle schools, and 22 high schools. At least one respondent from each group-school administrators, teachers, and nutrition teachers (or dietitians)-participated. The results were compared at the school level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation tool consisted of 66 questions in 5 areas (institutional environment, physical environment, educational environment, educational governance, and school meal quality). The total average score for school food culture was 3.83 points (elementary school 3.89 points, middle school 3.76 points, and high school 3.76 points) and did not differ significantly among school levels. Among the 5 evaluation areas, scores were highest for institutional environment (4.43 points) and lowest for physical environment (3.07 points). Scores for educational environment, educational governance, and school meal quality were 3.86, 3.85, and 3.97 points, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is necessary to improve the physical environment to create a desirable school food culture in Gyeonggi Province. To effectively promote healthy eating, ongoing investment and interventions by local authorities at improving school food culture are needed, with an emphasis on particular factors, such as the eating environment and staff training.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 5","pages":"746-759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11464273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of <i>Phyllostachys edulis</i> (Carrière) J. Houz against chronic ethanol-induced cognitive impairment <i>in vivo</i>.","authors":"Jiyeon Kim, Ji Myung Choi, Ji-Hyun Kim, Qi Qi Pang, Jung Min Oh, Ji Hyun Kim, Hyun Young Kim, Eun Ju Cho","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.4.464","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.4.464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Chronic alcohol consumption causes oxidative stress in the body, which may accumulate excessively and cause a decline in memory; problem-solving, learning, and exercise abilities; and permanent damage to brain structure and function. Consequently, chronic alcohol consumption can cause alcohol-related diseases.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>In this study, the protective effects of <i>Phyllostachys edulis</i> (Carrière) J. Houz (PE) against alcohol-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment were evaluated using a mouse model. Alcohol (16%, 5 g/kg/day for 6 weeks) and PE (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day for 21 days) were administered intragastrically to mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PE showed a protective effect against memory deficits and cognitive dysfunction caused by alcohol consumption, confirmed through behavioral tests such as the T-maze, object recognition, and Morris water maze tests. Additionally, PE attenuated oxidative stress by reducing lipid oxidation, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species levels in the mice's brains, livers, and kidneys. Improvement of neurotrophic factors and downregulation of apoptosis-related proteins were confirmed in the brains of mice fed low and medium concentrations of PE. Additionally, expression of antioxidant enzyme-related proteins <i>GPx-1</i> and <i>SOD-1</i> was enhanced in the liver of PE-treated mice, related to their inhibitory effect on oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This suggests that PE has both neuroregenerative and antioxidant effects. Collectively, these behavioral and histological results confirmed that PE could improve alcohol-induced cognitive deficits through brain neurotrophic and apoptosis protection and modulation of oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 4","pages":"464-478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}